JPS6225972B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6225972B2 JPS6225972B2 JP56048865A JP4886581A JPS6225972B2 JP S6225972 B2 JPS6225972 B2 JP S6225972B2 JP 56048865 A JP56048865 A JP 56048865A JP 4886581 A JP4886581 A JP 4886581A JP S6225972 B2 JPS6225972 B2 JP S6225972B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- measured
- temperature
- comparison
- radiant energy
- emissivity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/52—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry using comparison with reference sources, e.g. disappearing-filament pyrometer
- G01J5/53—Reference sources, e.g. standard lamps; Black bodies
- G01J5/532—Reference sources, e.g. standard lamps; Black bodies using a reference heater of the emissive surface type, e.g. for selectively absorbing materials
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Radiation Pyrometers (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は、放射率の影響を除去して被測定物
の温度を測定するような放射温度計に関するもの
である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a radiation thermometer that measures the temperature of an object by removing the influence of emissivity.
従来放射温度計には、物体からの放射エネルギ
ー量より物体温度を求める単色温度計、異なる２
波長の分光放射エネルギーの比より物体温度を求
める２色温度計等があつた。これらの放射温度計
は単色温度計の場合は黒体、２色温度計の場合は
灰色体のみ真の温度が測定でき、一般の物体では
放射率の影響は除去することができず大きな問題
点であつた。 Conventional radiation thermometers include monochromatic thermometers that measure the temperature of an object based on the amount of radiant energy from the object, and two different types.
There were two-color thermometers that determined the temperature of an object from the ratio of spectral radiant energies of wavelengths. These radiation thermometers can only measure the true temperature of a black body in the case of a monochrome thermometer, and only a gray body in the case of a two-color thermometer, and the influence of emissivity cannot be removed for ordinary objects, which is a major problem. It was hot.
この発明の目的は、以上の点に鑑み、一般の物
体においても放射率の影響を除去し、物体の表面
温度を測定することができる放射温度計を提供す
ることである。 In view of the above points, it is an object of the present invention to provide a radiation thermometer that can measure the surface temperature of an ordinary object while eliminating the influence of emissivity.
この発明の原理を第１図について説明する。図
において１は、温度Ｔ、放射率εの被測定物、２
は被測定物１と所定の距離ｌをもたせて設けられ
被測定物１に放射エネルギーを放出する温度
Tc，放射率εｃの比較熱板、３は比較熱板２の
開孔２ａより被測定物１自体が放出する放射エネ
ルギーおよび被測定物１より反射された比較熱板
２の放射エネルギーを検出する放射検出器であ
る。 The principle of this invention will be explained with reference to FIG. In the figure, 1 indicates an object to be measured with temperature T and emissivity ε, and 2
is set at a predetermined distance l from the object to be measured 1, and is the temperature at which radiant energy is emitted to the object to be measured 1.
A comparative hot plate with Tc and emissivity εc, 3 detects the radiant energy emitted by the object to be measured 1 itself through the opening 2a of the comparative hot plate 2, and the radiant energy of the comparative hot plate 2 reflected from the object to be measured 1. It is a radiation detector.
波長λ、温度Ｔのとき黒体から放出される分光
放射エネルギー輝度をＬ（λ，Ｔ）、被測定物１
と比較熱板２との距離がｌのとき、放射検出器３
の出力信号をｅ（ｌ）とすれば、比較熱板２の放
射率εｃが十分１に近いとして距離l1のとき次式
が成り立つ。 When the wavelength λ and the temperature T, the spectral radiant energy luminance emitted from the black body is L (λ, T), and the measured object 1
When the distance between and the comparison hot plate 2 is l, the radiation detector 3
If the output signal of is e(l), then the following equation holds true when the distance l 1 , assuming that the emissivity εc of the comparison hot plate 2 is sufficiently close to 1.
ｅ（l1）＝ε・Ｌ（λ，Ｔ）＋εｃ（１−ε）Ｌ（λ，Tc）・ｆ（l1） ……(1)
(1)式の右辺第１項は被測定物１自体が放出する
放射エネルギーの寄与分、第２項は比較熱板２か
ら放出された放射エネルギーεcL（λ，Tc）
が、被測定物で反射して放射検出器３に入射する
寄与分で、ｆ（l1）は、この比較熱板２よりの放
射エネルギーが被測定物１で反射して放射検出器
３に入射する割合を示す形状係数である。 e(l 1 )=ε・L(λ,T)+εc(1−ε)L(λ,Tc)・f(l 1 )...(1) The first term on the right side of equation (1) is the object to be measured. The contribution of the radiant energy emitted by 1 itself, the second term is the radiant energy εcL (λ, Tc) emitted from the comparative hot plate 2
is the contribution of the radiation energy reflected by the object to be measured and incident on the radiation detector 3, and f(l 1 ) is the contribution of the radiation energy from the comparison hot plate 2 reflected by the object to be measured 1 and incident on the radiation detector 3. This is a shape factor indicating the incidence rate.
次に、被測定物１と比較熱板２との距離をl2と
すれば、次式が成り立つ。 Next, if the distance between the object to be measured 1 and the comparison hot plate 2 is l2 , then the following equation holds true.
ｅ（l2）＝ε・Ｌ（λ，Ｔ）＋εｃ（１−ε）Ｌ（λ，Tc）・ｆ（l2） ……(2)
(1)式から(2)式を減算すると
ｅ（l1）−ｅ（l2）＝εｃ（１−ε）・Ｌ（λ，Tc）・｛ｆ（l1）−ｆ（l2） ……(3)
となり、よつて、
１−ε＝ｅ（ｌ１）−ｅ（ｌ２）／εｃ・Ｌ（λ，Ｔｃ）・｛ｆ（ｌ１）−ｆ（ｌ２）｝ ……(4)
となる。この右辺において、ｅ（l1）−ｅ（l2）は
測定可能な量、εｃ，Ｌ（λ，Tc）は既知の量
であるので、ｆ（l1）−ｆ（l2）が分つていれば、
(4)式より放射率εが求まる。求めた放射率εを(1)
式または(2)式に代入演算することにより、被測定
物１の温度Ｔが、常時求まることになる。 e(l 2 )=ε・L(λ,T)+εc(1−ε)L(λ,Tc)・f(l 2 )...(2) Subtracting equation (2) from equation (1) gives e (l 1 )−e(l 2 )=εc(1−ε)・L(λ,Tc)・{f(l 1 )−f(l 2 ) ……(3) Therefore, 1−ε =e(l 1 )−e(l 2 )/εc·L(λ, Tc)·{f(l 1 )−f(l 2 )} (4). On this right-hand side, e(l 1 ) - e(l 2 ) is a measurable quantity, and εc, L(λ, Tc) are known quantities, so f(l 1 ) - f(l 2 ) is If it's on,
Emissivity ε can be found from equation (4). The obtained emissivity ε is (1)
By substituting into the equation or equation (2), the temperature T of the object to be measured 1 can be found at all times.
なお、形状係数ｆ（ｌ）は、被測定物１、比較
熱板２の幾何学的形状、相互の位置関係のみに依
存する量なのであらかじめ測定により定めておけ
ばよい。 Note that the shape factor f(l) is a quantity that depends only on the geometrical shapes of the object to be measured 1 and the comparison hot plate 2, and their mutual positional relationship, so it may be determined in advance by measurement.
ところで、形状係数ｆ（ｌ）は、被測定物１の
鏡面性が変化すると第２図で示すように変化す
る。つまり鏡面性が増すと、曲線は右方にずれる
ものとなる。 By the way, the shape factor f(l) changes as shown in FIG. 2 when the specularity of the object to be measured 1 changes. In other words, as the specularity increases, the curve shifts to the right.
ここで、被測定物１と比較熱板２との距離をl3
とすれば、
ｅ（l3）＝ε・Ｌ（λ，Ｔ）＋εｃ（１−ε）Ｌ（λ，Tc）ｆ（l3） ……(5)
となる。(1)、(2)、(5)式より
ｅ（ｌ１）−ｅ（ｌ２）／ｅ（ｌ１）−ｅ（ｌ３）＝ｆ（ｌ１）−ｆ（ｌ２）／ｆ（ｌ１）−ｆ（ｌ３）≡Ｆ（ｌ
）……(6)
となる。(6)式の右辺Ｆ（ｌ）は被測定物１の鏡面
性により決定される量で、左辺は測定可能な量で
ある。従つて、あらかじめ被測定物１の鏡面性と
形状係数ｆ（ｌ）との関係を測定してＦ（ｌ）を
決定しておけば、(6)式Ｆ（ｌ）より形状係数ｆ
（ｌ）の関数形が求まり、(4)式より放射率εが求
まり、(1)または(2)式に、ｆ（ｌ），εを代入する
ことにより、鏡面性が変化しても被測定物１の温
度Ｔが求まる。 Here, the distance between the object to be measured 1 and the comparison hot plate 2 is l 3
Then, e(l 3 )=ε·L(λ,T)+εc(1−ε)L(λ,Tc)f(l 3 )...(5). From equations (1), (2), and (5), e(l 1 )-e(l 2 )/e(l 1 )-e(l 3 )=f(l 1 )-f(l 2 )/f (l 1 )−f(l 3 )≡F(l
)...(6) becomes. The right side F(l) of equation (6) is a quantity determined by the specularity of the object to be measured 1, and the left side is a measurable quantity. Therefore, if F(l) is determined by measuring the relationship between the specularity of the object 1 and the shape factor f(l) in advance, the shape factor f(l) can be determined from equation (6) F(l).
The functional form of (l) is found, the emissivity ε is found from equation (4), and by substituting f(l) and ε into equation (1) or (2), even if the specularity changes, The temperature T of the measurement object 1 is determined.
また、あらかじめＦ（ｌ）とｆ（l1）−ｆ（l2）
との関係を求め、(4)式よりεを求めるようにして
もよい。 Also, in advance, F(l) and f(l 1 )−f(l 2 )
You may also calculate ε from equation (4).
なお、第２図を参照して、(6)式として
Ｆ（ｌ）＝ｆ（ｌ１）−ｆ（ｌ３）／ｆ（ｌ２）−ｆ
（ｌ３）……(6)′
を用い、l3を無限大として求めるようにしてもよ
い。ここでl3を無限大とするには、比較熱板２を
被測定物１と放射検出器３との光軸上からそらす
ことにより実現される。 In addition, referring to FIG. 2, as equation (6), F(l)=f(l 1 )-f(l 3 )/f(l 2 )-f
(l 3 )...(6)' may be used to find l 3 as infinity. Here, l 3 can be made infinite by moving the comparative heating plate 2 away from the optical axis of the object to be measured 1 and the radiation detector 3.
第３図は、この発明のより具体的な一実施例を
示す構成説明図である。図において、被測定物１
に対して比較熱板２はある角度θをもつて斜めに
移動可能となつており、比較熱板２の中心をはず
れた位置の開孔２ａより、放射検出器３は、被測
定物１よりの放射エネルギーを検出することがで
きるようになつている。また、比較熱板２は図示
しない駆動機構により被測定物１との距離ｌを変
化させることができ、必要に応じてＢ方向の側方
に移動させ、その影響をなくすようにすることが
できる。また比較熱板２にはヒータＨが設けら
れ、熱電対等の温度検出器Ｄによりその温度Tc
が検出され、温度制御部４によりヒータＨを制御
して、その温度の制御を行つている。そして、比
較熱板２の位置信号、温度信号Tc、放射検出器
３の出力信号ｅ（ｌ）は、マイクロコンピユータ
のような演算部５に入力され、前述のような被測
定物１の温度Ｔを測定するための比較熱板２の移
動等の制御、演算処理が行なわれ、出力端子６よ
り出力信号Ｔ，ε等が取り出せる。なお温度制御
部４の処理は、すべて演算部５で行うようにする
こともできる。 FIG. 3 is a configuration explanatory diagram showing a more specific embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the object to be measured 1
On the other hand, the comparison heating plate 2 can be moved obliquely at a certain angle θ, and the radiation detector 3 can be moved from the object to be measured 1 through the aperture 2a located off the center of the comparison heating plate 2. It has become possible to detect the radiant energy of Further, the distance l between the comparative hot plate 2 and the object to be measured 1 can be changed by a drive mechanism (not shown), and if necessary, it can be moved to the side in the B direction to eliminate the influence of this. . Further, the comparative heat plate 2 is provided with a heater H, and its temperature Tc is detected by a temperature detector D such as a thermocouple.
is detected, and the temperature controller 4 controls the heater H to control its temperature. Then, the position signal of the comparison heat plate 2, the temperature signal Tc, and the output signal e(l) of the radiation detector 3 are inputted to a calculation unit 5 such as a microcomputer, and the temperature T of the object to be measured 1 as described above is Control of the movement of the comparison hot plate 2 for measuring the temperature and calculation processing are performed, and output signals T, ε, etc. can be taken out from the output terminal 6. Note that all the processing of the temperature control section 4 may be performed by the calculation section 5.
以上述べたように、この発明は、比較熱板を移
動させたときの放射検出器の出力信号の変化か
ら、演算処理を行い、被測定物の放射率および温
度を測定するようにした放射温度計である。 As described above, the present invention is a radiation temperature sensor that performs arithmetic processing based on the change in the output signal of the radiation detector when the comparative heat plate is moved, and measures the emissivity and temperature of the object to be measured. It is a total.
従つて、被測定物の放射率の影響は除去して正
しい温度が測定でき、放射率が変動しても補正が
自動的に行えるので常時、オンラインにて測定を
するのに好適で、鋼板等の移動物体の温度も容易
に測定することができる。又、鋼板等の鏡面性の
強い金属板の場合は、被測定物と比較熱板との距
離は十分大きくすることができるので、走行鋼板
等の測定において、被測定物の上下振動等のバタ
ツキがあつても、安全に測定をすることができ
る。又、比較熱板の温度を被測定物の温度と一致
させるような平衡方式ではないので高速応答が可
能である。又、放射検出器の種類は何でもよく、
放射率と温度とを同時に出力できる。又、被測定
物の鏡面性が変化しても容易に補正ができる等の
すぐれた効果がある。 Therefore, the influence of the emissivity of the object to be measured can be removed to measure the correct temperature, and even if the emissivity fluctuates, corrections can be made automatically, so it is suitable for always on-line measurements. The temperature of a moving object can also be easily measured. In addition, in the case of metal plates with strong specularity such as steel plates, the distance between the object to be measured and the comparison hot plate can be made sufficiently large, so when measuring running steel plates, etc., fluctuations such as vertical vibrations of the object to be measured can be avoided. Measurements can be made safely even when In addition, since it is not an equilibrium method in which the temperature of the comparison hot plate is matched with the temperature of the object to be measured, high-speed response is possible. Also, any type of radiation detector may be used,
Emissivity and temperature can be output simultaneously. In addition, even if the specularity of the object to be measured changes, it can be easily corrected, which is an excellent effect.
第１図は、この発明の原理説明図、第２図は、
動作説明用の関係図、第３図は、この発明の一実
施例を示す構成説明図である。
１…被測定物、２…比較熱板、３…放射検出
器、５…演算部。
Figure 1 is a diagram explaining the principle of this invention, Figure 2 is
FIG. 3, a relational diagram for explaining the operation, is a configuration explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Measurement object, 2...Comparison hot plate, 3...Radiation detector, 5...Calculating section.
Claims (1)
板と、前記被測定物自体が放出する放射エネルギ
ーおよび被測定物より反射された前記比較熱板の
放射エネルギーを検出する放射検出器と、前記被
測定物と比較熱板との距離を３つの異なつた距離
に変化させたときの前記放射検出器の３つの出力
信号のうち、任意の２つの信号の差の比をとるこ
とにより被測定物の鏡面性を決定し、放射率を求
め被測定物の温度を演算する演算部とを備えたこ
とを特徴とする放射温度計。1. A comparison heating plate that emits radiant energy to the object to be measured, a radiation detector that detects the radiant energy emitted by the object to be measured itself and the radiant energy of the comparison heating plate reflected from the object to be measured, and the By calculating the ratio of the difference between any two signals among the three output signals of the radiation detector when the distance between the measurement object and the comparison hot plate is changed to three different distances, the measurement object can be detected. A radiation thermometer characterized by comprising a calculation unit that determines specularity, calculates emissivity, and calculates the temperature of an object to be measured.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56048865A JPS57163830A (en) | 1981-04-01 | 1981-04-01 | Radiation thermometer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56048865A JPS57163830A (en) | 1981-04-01 | 1981-04-01 | Radiation thermometer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS57163830A JPS57163830A (en) | 1982-10-08 |
| JPS6225972B2 true JPS6225972B2 (en) | 1987-06-05 |
Family
ID=12815168
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56048865A Granted JPS57163830A (en) | 1981-04-01 | 1981-04-01 | Radiation thermometer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57163830A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6227633A (en) * | 1985-07-29 | 1987-02-05 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for measuring temperature of body |
| ATE248356T1 (en) * | 1998-01-30 | 2003-09-15 | Tecnimed Srl | INFRARED THERMOMETER |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS529157A (en) * | 1975-07-14 | 1977-01-24 | Hitachi Ltd | Safety device for boller functions at low pressure |
-
1981
- 1981-04-01 JP JP56048865A patent/JPS57163830A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS529157A (en) * | 1975-07-14 | 1977-01-24 | Hitachi Ltd | Safety device for boller functions at low pressure |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57163830A (en) | 1982-10-08 |
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