JPS62252888A - Condenser - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a condenser capable of holding an appropriate vacuum degree without increasing the quantity of dissolved oxygen even at the time of a low load operation in winter season where the temperature of cooling water is low by providing water sprinkling pipes disposed at the upper part of a cooling pipe bundle for sprinkling water, and an adjusting device for adjusting the vacuum degree within the condenser by the quantity of sprinkling water in the sprinkling pipes. CONSTITUTION:When the vacuum degree within a condenser 15 becomes high at the time of a low load operation in winter season or the like, and adjusting valve 32 is opened, and water is sprinkled through water sprinkling pipes 31 provided at the upper part of cooling water pipes 17. The sprinkled water forms a water film on the surfaces of cooling water pipes 17. For this reason, when steam flowing in from a steam turbine 13 is heat-exchanged with cooling water within the cooling water pipes 17, the heat exchange efficiency of the steam is lowered due to the water film, and hinders the flow of steam, thus preventing the cooling water pipes from making contact with the steam. As a result, the vacuum degree within the condenser 15 undergoes a change, and increases or decreases the quantity of sprinkling water and thus an appropriate vacuum degree can be realized. While the quantity of sprinkling water is adjusted by the adjusting valve 32, the adjusting valve 32 is controlled by the vacuum degree within the condenser 15, the output of the steam turbine 13 (the output of a power generator 14) and the temperature and quantity of cooling water.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a condenser used in a turbine generator.

(Prior Art) Fig. 3 shows an outline of a conventional power generation device. In FIG. 3, steam generated in a steam generator (hereinafter referred to as a boiler) 11 is passed through a steam control valve 12 that controls output to a turbine 1.
The turbine 13 led to the turbine 3 converts the steam energy into rotational energy, rotates the generator 14, and obtains electrical output.

On the other hand, the steam that has done work in the turbine 13 flows into the condenser 15 and is condensed by the cooling water sent from the cooling water pump 16 and the cooling water pipe 17 to become condensed water. At this time, the steam inside the condenser 15 is rapidly condensed, so the inside of the condenser 15 is evacuated. The condensate stored in the condenser 15 is sent to a low-pressure feed water heater 19 by a condensate pump 18, heated, and sent to a deaerator 20. After the gas is extracted by the deaerator 20 and the water is temporarily stored, it is pressurized by the feed water pump 21 and sent to the high pressure feed water heater 22, where it is further heated and then led to the boiler 11 again.

A large number of cooling water pipes 17 are provided in the condenser 15 to increase the cooling area, and process (cool and condense) the steam flowing from the steam turbine 13. In such a configuration, the boiler 11. When the steam turbine 13 is operating under a high load, the amount of steam increases, and the amount of cooling water commensurate with this is supplied by the cooling water pump 16, so the degree of vacuum in the condenser 15 is maintained at an appropriate level. It maintains its value.

This is because the amount of cooling water and the cooling area (determined by the number of cooling water pipes 17) are designed to be able to process the steam flowing into the condenser 15 under high load operating conditions.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, when the load is low, the amount of steam flowing into the condenser 15 also decreases.

Normally, when the amount of steam flowing into the condenser 15 decreases, by reducing the opening degree of the cooling water outlet valve 23 of the condenser 15, etc., the amount of cooling water is reduced.
By setting the heat exchange between the steam in the condenser 5 and the cooling water in the cooling water pipe 17 to an appropriate value, the internal pressure in the condenser 15 is maintained at an appropriate value.

As a recent anti-pollution measure, it is necessary that the temperature difference between the cooling water at the inlet and outlet of the condenser 15 does not exceed a specified value.
If the amount of cooling water is extremely reduced, shellfish or
It is not possible to drastically reduce the amount of cooling water because algae will grow faster and impede the flow of cooling water, causing operational problems.

For this reason, especially in winter, the temperature of the cooling water may become low,
During low-load operation, the degree of vacuum in the condenser 15 becomes too high, causing problems such as changes in the alignment of component equipment. For this reason, some methods have been adopted to lower the vacuum by letting atmospheric air flow into the condenser 15 when a high vacuum is reached, but this increases the amount of dissolved oxygen in the condensate and There were problems such as oxidation of equipment and equipment.

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a condenser that can maintain an appropriate degree of vacuum without increasing the amount of dissolved oxygen in the condensate even during low-load operation in winter when the temperature of the cooling water is low. With the goal.

[Structure of the invention]

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has a plurality of cooling water pipes, and by passing cooling water through the cooling water pipes, the steam flowing from the steam turbine is cooled. In the condenser, which condenses and creates a vacuum inside the condenser, the degree of vacuum inside the condenser is controlled by the water sprinkling pipe placed at the top of the cooling water pipe bundle and the amount of water sprinkled by the water sprinkling pipe. It is characterized by having an adjusting device for adjusting.

(Function) In order to keep the degree of vacuum in the condenser constant, or in other words, to prevent the degree of vacuum from becoming too high, water is sprinkled on the cooling water pipes to form a film of water and suppress the condensation effect.

(Example) An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the cooling water pipes 17 in the condenser 15 viewed from the direction of flow of cooling water. The steam that has done work in the steam turbine 13 flows as shown by the arrow in FIG. It is designed to be stored as condensate. A water sprinkler pipe 31 is arranged at the top of this bundle of cooling water pipes 17. This water sprinkling pipe 31 is supplied with water discharged from a condensate pump 18 or the like through a regulating valve 32 .

As mentioned above, when the degree of vacuum in the condenser 15 becomes high, such as during low-load operation in winter, the regulating valve 32 is opened.

Water is sprayed from a water sprinkling pipe 31 provided above the cooling water pipe 17. The sprayed water splashes onto the cooling water pipe 17, leaks over the surface of the cooling water pipe 17, and forms a film of water. Therefore, the steam flowing from the steam turbine 13 is transferred to the cooling water pipe 1.
When exchanging heat with the cooling water in 7, the heat exchange efficiency decreases due to the aforementioned water film.

Since the flow of steam is obstructed, it becomes difficult for the steam to come into contact with the cooling water pipe 17.

As a result, the degree of vacuum inside the condenser 15 changes, and by adjusting the amount of water sprinkled, an appropriate vacuum can be achieved. The amount of water sprinkled is adjusted by a regulating valve 32, which is connected to the condenser 1.
5, the output of the steam turbine 13 (output of the generator 14), and the temperature and amount of cooling water.

In FIG. 2, a signal from a cooling water flow rate detector 41 and a signal from a cooling water temperature detector 42 are calculated by an arithmetic unit 43.

Find the amount of steam that the currently flowing cooling water can handle to maintain an appropriate vacuum.

The amount of steam currently flowing into the steam turbine 13 is determined from the signal from this calculator 43 and the signal from the generator output detector 44.
This signal is obtained by the function calculator 45.

The signal from the arithmetic unit 43 is compared with the arithmetic unit 46 to find the difference.

This difference shows the same relationship as the difference with the appropriate degree of vacuum of the condenser 15, so the current degree of vacuum is detected by the vacuum pressure detector 47 based on this signal.
is further compared with the output signal of the comparison calculator 46, and the regulator 48 adjusts the regulating valve 32 by an amount corresponding to the difference, thereby adjusting the amount of water sprinkled in the condenser 15. The internal vacuum can be maintained at an appropriate level of vacuum.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the water discharged from the condensate pump 18 was used to take out the sprinkling water.

It is also possible to use not only the above-mentioned position but also the water stored in the deaerator 2o, for example. Further, the amount of cooling water can be determined from the characteristics of the cooling water pump 16 and the opening degree characteristics of the cooling water outlet valve 23 of the condenser 15, without directly measuring the amount of cooling water using the flow rate detector 41. Furthermore, although not shown, the flow of steam to the cooling water pipe may be changed. For example, overcooling can be prevented by providing a baffle plate in the passage to the cooling water pipe and adjusting its angle.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the water sprinkling pipe 31 for sprinkling water is provided in the cooling water pipe 17 installed in the condenser 15, and the amount of water sprinkling is determined by the internal vacuum of the condenser 15 and the generator output. ,
By adjusting the signals calculated based on the cooling water temperature and the amount of cooling water, it is possible to set the internal vacuum of the condenser 15 to an appropriate degree of vacuum, thereby increasing the amount of dissolved oxygen in the condensate,
Eliminates harmful effects such as the growth of shellfish and algae in cooling water pipes.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of cooling wood pipes in a condenser according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of vacuum adjustment according to the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a general diagram. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an outline 7 of a power generation device. 15... Condenser 17... Cooling water pipe 31.
...Water pipe 32...Adjustment valve 48...Adjuster agent Attorney Noriyuki Chika Yudo Hirofumi MitsumataFigure 1

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) In a condenser that has a plurality of cooling water pipes, by passing cooling water through the cooling water pipes, the steam flowing from the steam turbine is cooled and condensed, and the inside of the condenser is evacuated. A condenser having a water sprinkling pipe disposed above the cooling water pipe bundle for sprinkling water, and an adjustment device for adjusting the degree of vacuum in the condenser according to the amount of water sprayed by the water sprinkling pipe. (2) Condensate water according to claim (1), characterized in that a plurality of water sprinkling pipes are arranged, and a regulating valve for adjusting the amount of water sprinkled is provided in the middle of the water sprinkling supply pipe that brings these pipes together. vessel. (3) The regulating valve is adjusted based on various quantities such as the vacuum level in the condenser, the output of the steam turbine, and the temperature of the cooling water. condenser.