JPS62218773A - Cold and heat accumulator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention stores thermal energy at levels higher and lower than atmospheric temperature, and extracts it when necessary to use it for cooling, heating, or heating. The present invention relates to a heat storage device used as a heat source for other purposes.

[Conventional technology]

For example, as described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 53-47050, it is known to heat a heat storage material to store heat using high-temperature refrigerant vapor obtained by operating a compression refrigerator.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

Conventionally proposed systems include a system that provides a high-temperature heating source, a heat storage system that performs concentration, a system that provides a low-temperature cooling source, and an external cooling source (or heating system) in the process of recovering the stored energy. A separate system has been designed to provide heat sources (sources), resulting in complex and large-scale equipment, and the overall heat utilization effect is small.

The object of the present invention is to use the condenser and evaporator of the heating source and cooling source compression type refrigeration cycle of a system that stores energy by concentrating the absorption liquid, and also to integrate the storage system and the refrigeration cycle into a compact system that reduces heat radiation loss. The object of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient heat storage device with less energy consumption.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention is characterized by a compression refrigeration cycle, a first chamber containing a solution that exchanges heat with a first heat exchanger of the compression refrigeration cycle, and a second chamber that exchanges heat with a second heat exchanger. a second chamber containing a solution; Second
The first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger
A heat exchanger heats and concentrates the solution in one of the first and second chambers, introduces the evaporated refrigerant vapor into the other chamber through the vapor passage, liquefies it in the other chamber, and condenses the solution in one of the first and second chambers. 1. This creates a concentration difference in the solution in the second chamber and stores heat.

[Effect]

As described above, since heat is stored using the concentration difference, heat can be stored efficiently with less loss due to heat radiation to the atmosphere, unlike when heat is stored in a high temperature state.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention. Compression refrigeration cycles include turbo, screw, and reciprocating compressors.1. A drive unit 2 coupled to the compressor 1 and driving the rotor of the compressor 1. Gas inlet/outlet ports 1i, l of the compressor 1
3. Four-way switching valve connected to o. A first heat exchanger 4 and a second heat exchanger 5 connected to the four-way switching valve 3. An air-cooled heat exchanger 6 arranged between these first and second heat exchangers 4 and 5. These compressors1. Four-way switching valve 3. 1st and 2nd
Pipes 7, 8, 9, 10°11.12, 13, 1 that operatively connect the heat exchangers 4, 5 and the air-cooled heat exchanger 6 to each other.
4, 15, 16. Piping 9゜10.12, 13, 15.1
Valves 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 interposed in the middle of 6
．． It is composed of 22.

Said 1st. The second heat exchanger 4.5 is housed in a sealed container 23. This airtight container 23 is the first. The second chamber 23A, 23I3 is divided by a heat insulating wall 24, into which an absorbing liquid and a refrigerant liquid such as a mixed liquid of lithium bromide, water, ethylene gelcol and Freon (hereinafter simply referred to as mixed liquid) are injected. There is. On the upper side of the partition wall 24,
An opening 25 is formed that communicates both chambers 23A1 and 23B.

A gas-liquid separation element such as an eliminator for separating droplets in the refrigerant vapor is arranged in the opening 25 as necessary.

The first room 23A and the second room 23B have heat exchange coils 26 and 27 above them! 2 pumps 28 and 29° heat exchange coils 26 with suction pipes connected to the bottom.
．． Spreading headers 30, 31. Eighteenth second spreading device 34 consisting of a pipe 32.33 connecting the discharge side of the pump 28.29 and the spreading header 30.31
．． ．． 35 are installed.

Next, the operation will be explained.

Cold storage/thermal operation: Open valves 17, 18, 19, 20 (open valve 18 or 19 slightly to function as an expansion valve), close valve 22, 21, and direct the communication direction of the four-way switching valve 3 to arrow A. (the state shown in FIG. 1).

Moreover, the mixed liquid is injected into the first chamber 23A.

By compression by the compressor 1, the refrigerant vapor (generally fluorocarbon-based) becomes high temperature and high pressure, and the pipe 8. Four-way switching valve 3. Piping 9
．． The mixed liquid flows through the valve 17 to the first heat exchanger 4, and while flowing there, the mixed liquid is heated, the refrigerant is evaporated from the mixed liquid, and the absorption liquid concentration of the mixed liquid is increased. As a result of heating the mixed liquid, the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 4 is liquefied, and the liquid mixture is heated. 10. Valve 18. Air-cooled heat exchanger 6° piping 11. Piping 12. It passes through the valve 19, is depressurized by the valve 18 or 19, and flows into the second heat exchanger 5. This refrigerant liquid evaporates in the second heat exchanger 5, removes latent heat of vaporization from the surroundings (second chamber 23B), evaporates in the first chamber 23A, and flows into the second chamber through the opening 25. The refrigerant vapor in chamber 23B is liquefied and stored at the bottom of chamber 23B. The refrigerant vapor evaporated in the second heat exchanger 5 is transferred to the pipe 13. Valve 20. Piping 14. Four-way switching valve 3. It returns to the compressor 1 via the pipe 7 and is compressed by the compressor 1 again. While the above-mentioned operation continues, the mixed liquid in the first chamber 23A is concentrated, and the absorption liquid concentration becomes higher, and the liquid mixture in the second chamber 23A is concentrated.
In B, a refrigerant/liquid obtained by condensing refrigerant vapor evaporated in the first chamber 23A is stored.

As a result, the absorption capacity of the mixed liquid in the first chamber 23A increases, and if the mixed liquid is allowed to absorb refrigerant vapor, it will generate absorbed heat. In other words, it will store heat. Furthermore, since the refrigerant liquid in the second chamber 23B is in a liquid state, it has the ability to evaporate, and therefore, it stores cooling power equivalent to the latent heat of evaporation during evaporation, that is, it stores cold. Become.

Incidentally, during this cold storage/heat operation, the first dispersion device 34° air-cooled heat exchanger 6 may be operated.

In the process of this cold storage heat operation, in order for the first room 4 and the second room 5 to be in a thermally balanced state, the amount of power generated by the compressor 1 converted into heat must be cooled from the outside. There is a need. This is cooled by an air-cooled heat exchanger 6. At this time, when the outside temperature is sufficiently low, it is advantageous in terms of cycle efficiency to add cooling by the air-cooled heat exchanger 6 in addition to the cooling power generated by the second heat exchanger 5, and also when the outside temperature is high. In this case, the cooling power of the air-cooled heat exchanger 6 must be added to that of the first heat exchanger 4 and act as a condenser of the compressor-type refrigeration cycle. To switch between the two, when the outside temperature is low enough to cool the refrigerant to the operating level of the second heat exchanger 5, the opening of the valve 18 is small enough to operate as an expansion valve, and the valve 19 is completely opened. In addition, when the outside temperature is high, the valve 18 is fully opened so that the air-cooled heat exchanger 6 together with the first heat exchanger 4 operates as a condenser, and the valve 19 is set to a small opening degree so that it functions as an expansion valve. Activate.

Further, the valve 18 is slightly opened, the valve 21 is opened, and the valves 19 and 20 are closed, the second heat exchanger 5 is stopped, and the air-cooled heat exchanger 6 is operated as an evaporator, converting the heat in the atmosphere into a low-temperature heat source. You can also.

Cold storage/heat extraction operation: When cold storage/heat extraction is performed in the above-mentioned operation, 1. The second distribution device 34,35 is operated to circulate the heat medium through the first and second heat exchange coils 26,27. At this time, the refrigerator is stopped. If the amount of heat is insufficient to store cold and heat, it is also possible to store cold and heat while operating the refrigerator.

The refrigerant liquid in the second chamber 23B is sprayed from the spray header 31 to the second heat exchange coil 27 by the pump 29 and evaporated. When the refrigerant evaporates, latent heat of evaporation is taken away from the heat medium flowing inside the heat exchange coil 27.

Cools the heating medium, thereby extracting cooling power.

The refrigerant vapor evaporated in the second chamber 23B flows into the first chamber 23A through the opening 25.

Further, the mixed liquid with high absorption liquid concentration in the first chamber 23A is sprayed from the spray header 30 to the first heat exchange coil 26 by the pump 28, and absorbs the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the second chamber 23B. The heat medium passing through the first heat exchange coil 26 is heated by the absorbed heat generated during absorption, and its temperature increases. This removes the stored heat.

Furthermore, in order to use the accumulated concentration energy more effectively, in addition to the method described above, the following configuration may be used. In the above method, the energy stored through concentration is extracted in the form that the absorption liquid absorbs the refrigerant vapor and the concentration decreases. It becomes impossible to create the necessary temperature difference between the second heat exchangers 4 and 5. At this time,
Valves 17 and 21 are opened during processes that require cooling power.

The four-way switching valve 3 is indicated by arrow B, the valve 18 is slightly opened, and the other valves 19, 20, and 22 are closed.6 Then, the refrigerant that has cooled the first heat exchanger 4 and evaporated is sucked into the compressor 1. After being compressed, the four-way switching valve 3. Piping 14, 15.1
After passing through the air-cooled heat exchanger 6, it is cooled by outside air and condensed. Valve 18 is slightly opened to the extent that it becomes an expansion valve.

Since the mixed liquid is being sprayed in the first room 23A, the mixed liquid absorbs the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the second room 23B while being cooled.

As a result, refrigerant vapor continues to be generated in the second chamber 23B, and cooling capacity can be continued.

FIG. 2 shows a modification of the first embodiment of the invention.

I will explain the differences.

A heat medium heat exchanger 36 is installed in the middle of the pipe 14.

When the four-way switching valve 3 is in the state indicated by arrow A, the heat medium heat exchanger 36 works as an evaporator (or heater), cools (or absorbs heat) the heat medium circulating through this heat exchanger 36, and When the switching valve 3 is in the state shown by arrow B, this heat exchanger 36
acts as a condenser.

Note that by stopping the circulation of the heat medium in the heat medium heat exchanger 36, it is possible to prevent heat exchange between the heat medium and the refrigerant of the refrigerator.

FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, and the differences from the first embodiment will be explained. This example is based on the first example. Second
This is for exchanging the liquids (mixed liquid, refrigerant liquid) stored in the chambers 23A and 23B.

1st. Second part, 123A, 23B and piping 37°38.
Two tanks 41 and 42 connected at 39 and 40, and a four-way switching valve 43 interposed between piping 37 and 38. distribution g39
, 40, a four-way switching valve 44. Pump 45.
46.

As described above, on the other hand, for example, the mixed liquid is concentrated in the first chamber 23A to store heat, and the refrigerant liquid is stored in the second chamber 23B to store cold. 46, the concentrated mixed liquid and refrigerant liquid are transferred to both chambers 23A.
, 23B, as well as concentrated mixed liquid after cold storage and thermal operation.

Refrigerant liquid can be stored separately in tanks 41 and 42, and used as storage tanks until cold storage and heat are taken out. In this case, since the space between both tanks 41 and 42 can be maintained in a disconnected state, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant liquid from naturally evaporating and being absorbed into the mixed liquid.

Cold storage and heat loss can be minimized.

In addition to the above, the present invention can be implemented in the following embodiments.

(1) Heating and concentrating the absorption liquid using a high-temperature heating source.

In a system in which the generated refrigerant vapor is cooled and condensed using a low-temperature cooling source in another section, and energy is stored in the form of absorption liquid concentration, that is, absorption power, a separate compressor-type refrigeration cycle condenser is used to and the evaporator as the low-temperature cooling source.

(2) In (1), an external cooling source is added to the evaporator of the compressor-type refrigeration cycle to cool the heat equivalent to the compressor power.

(3) In (1), an external cooling source is added to the condenser of the compression refrigeration cycle to cool the heat equivalent to the compressor power.

(4) In (1), an external cooling source is added to cool the section where the refrigerant vapor is cooled and condensed.

(5) In (1), add another external cooling source and circulate it through the heat exchange coil to cool the mixed liquid.

(6) The refrigerant liquid produced in the process of (1) is heated and evaporated by an external heating source after the process of item 1 is completed.

The heat generated by absorbing this refrigerant into an absorption liquid is supplied to the outside.

(7), In the same configuration as (6), the absorption liquid is cooled by an external cooling source, and the cooling power generated by the evaporation of the refrigerant is supplied to the outside.

(8) The evaporator of a separate compressor type refrigeration cycle is heated by an external heating source, and the heat generated in the condenser of the compression type refrigeration cycle is used as the external heating source in item 6.

(9), The heat supplied to the outside in (6) is used to heat the evaporator of the compressor type refrigeration cycle, and the heat of the condenser of the compression type refrigeration cycle is supplied to the outside.

(10) The condenser of the compressor type refrigeration cycle is cooled by an external cooling source, and the cooling power generated in the evaporator is used as the external cooling source described in (7).

In the same configuration as (11) and (9), the evaporator of the compressor type refrigeration cycle is used to supply cooling power to the outside, and the heat generated when the absorption liquid absorbs the cooling vapor is cooled by an external cooling source. thing.

(12) One common heat exchanger is used for the external heat source and cooling source.

(13) (L), (8), (9), (10),
When the process of (11) is carried out by switching using piping and valves, one common compressor is used in common.

(14) In the process of supplying cooling power to the outside, the liquids in the chamber handling the mixed liquid and the chamber handling the refrigerant liquid are replaced at the stage of extracting heat to the outside.

(15) In the process of energy storage corresponding to the process of supplying cooling power to the outside, a room for handling the mixed liquid and a room for handling the refrigerant liquid are used for the process of extracting heat to the outside and the process of energy storage corresponding to this. In addition to replacing both liquids, the connections between the compressor's suction and discharge ports and these chambers must be replaced.

Each of the above embodiments has the following effects.

(1) It has a built-in heating source and cooling source, and is compact and simple.

(2) By extracting the S product energy by connecting the heat storage system and the compressor type refrigeration cycle in series, it is possible to extract the S product energy to an extremely low concentration, and the stored energy per volume of the mixed liquid can be greatly increased.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a compact cold storage/heat device with little heat radiation loss.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing main parts of a modified example, and FIG. 3 is a system diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Compressor, 3... Four-way switching valve, 4, 5... 1st. Second heat exchanger, 6... Air-cooled heat exchanger, 7, 8, 9
゜10.11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16... Piping, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21. 22... Valve, 2
3A, 23B... 1st. Second room, 24 river wall,
25...Open 0.26.27...1st. Second heat exchange coil, 28.29... Pump, 30.31... First and second dispersion headers, 32.33... Piping, 34°3
5... 1st. 2nd@cloth device, 37...heat medium heat exchanger. Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A first and second chamber shaped like a closed container into which a refrigerant, an absorbent, or a solution of a mixture thereof is injected, and a steam passage connecting the first and second chambers; A first heat exchanger installed in the first room, a second heat exchanger installed in the second room, and the first and second heat exchangers installed in the first room and the second heat exchanger installed in the second room.
a compressor connected to a heat exchanger, and a solution distribution device installed separately in the first and second chambers,
The refrigerant vapor compressed by the heating medium compressor is circulated through one of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, and after exiting the one heat exchanger as a cooling medium to the remaining heat exchanger. refrigerant liquid is circulated in one heat exchanger to heat the solution and generate refrigerant vapor to concentrate the solution and increase the absorption capacity of this solution, and in the remaining heat exchanger to A cold storage heat storage device characterized by cooling and liquefying refrigerant vapor generated in an exchanger to dilute the concentration of a solution, increasing the evaporation ability of this solution, and storing thermal energy.