CN207113319U - Separator for incoagulable gas in the ammonia absorption type refrigeration circulatory system - Google Patents
Separator for incoagulable gas in the ammonia absorption type refrigeration circulatory system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000005298 paramagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005292 diamagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 146
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005408 paramagnetism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种气体分离装置，尤其是用于氨水吸收式制冷循环系统中不凝性气体的分离装置。包括二次发生器、精馏器Ⅱ、喷淋吸收室、磁力气体分离器和压缩机，所述喷淋吸收室上设有喷淋吸收室气体进口、喷淋吸收室氨水出口、喷淋吸收室稀氨水进口和喷淋吸收室气体出口，喷淋吸收室气体进口与吸收器的气体出口连通，吸收室稀氨水进口与精馏器Ⅱ的出液口连通，喷淋吸收室内设有两个喷嘴，其中一个喷嘴与喷淋吸收室气体进口连通，另一个喷嘴与喷淋吸收室稀氨水进口连通，且与喷淋吸收室气体进口连通的喷嘴位于与喷淋吸收室稀氨水进口连通的喷嘴的下方。能够回收气体中混合的氨气，并有效分离吸收器中的不凝性气体，从而保障循环系统安全运行。
The utility model relates to a gas separation device, in particular to a separation device for non-condensable gas in an ammonia water absorption refrigeration cycle system. It includes a secondary generator, a rectifier II, a spray absorption chamber, a magnetic gas separator and a compressor. The spray absorption chamber is provided with a gas inlet of the spray absorption chamber, an ammonia water outlet of the spray absorption chamber, and a spray absorption chamber. The inlet of dilute ammonia water in the chamber is connected with the gas outlet of the spray absorption chamber. The gas inlet of the spray absorption chamber is connected with the gas outlet of the absorber. The inlet of dilute ammonia water in the absorption chamber is connected with the liquid outlet of rectifier II. There are two Nozzles, one of which is connected to the gas inlet of the spray absorption chamber, the other nozzle is connected to the inlet of dilute ammonia water in the spray absorption chamber, and the nozzle connected to the gas inlet of the spray absorption chamber is located at the nozzle connected to the inlet of dilute ammonia water in the spray absorption chamber below. It can recover the mixed ammonia in the gas and effectively separate the non-condensable gas in the absorber, so as to ensure the safe operation of the circulation system.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及一种气体分离装置，尤其是用于氨水吸收式制冷循环中不凝性气体的分离装置。The utility model relates to a gas separation device, in particular to a separation device for non-condensable gas in an ammonia water absorption refrigeration cycle.
背景技术Background technique
制冷装置在运行过程中，系统内混有在系统冷凝压力和冷凝温度下不能液化的气体，称为不凝性气体，不凝性气体的成分主要是空气，其来源是：During the operation of the refrigeration device, the system is mixed with gas that cannot be liquefied under the system condensation pressure and condensation temperature, which is called non-condensable gas. The main component of non-condensable gas is air, and its source is:
(1)安装或检修制冷设备后，充灌制冷剂前，系统抽空不彻底，内部留有空气。(1) After installing or overhauling the refrigeration equipment, before charging the refrigerant, the system is not completely evacuated, leaving air inside.
(2)补充冷冻机油、制冷剂或更换干燥剂、清洗过滤器时，空气混入系统中。(2) Air is mixed into the system when replenishing refrigerating machine oil and refrigerant or changing desiccant and cleaning filter.
(3)当蒸发压力低于大气压力时，空气从不严密处渗入系统内。(3) When the evaporating pressure is lower than the atmospheric pressure, the air infiltrates into the system from an untight place.
(4)制冷剂及冷冻机油在高温下分解产生的不凝性气体。(4) Non-condensable gas produced by the decomposition of refrigerant and refrigerating machine oil at high temperature.
(5)金属材料被腐蚀产生不凝性气体。(5) Metal materials are corroded to produce non-condensable gases.
不凝性气体会对制冷系统的正常运行产生以下影响：Noncondensable gases can have the following effects on the normal operation of a refrigeration system:
(1)氨制冷是一个封闭的循环制冷过程，不凝气的存在会使气氨的冷却液化效果降低；不凝气在换热中会挤占换热器的换热空间，从而降低换热器的换热效率，加大了冷却水量，使整个冷冻系统的制冷能力下降；(1) Ammonia refrigeration is a closed cycle refrigeration process. The existence of non-condensable gas will reduce the cooling and liquefaction effect of ammonia gas; non-condensable gas will occupy the heat exchange space of the heat exchanger during heat exchange, thereby reducing The heat exchange efficiency increases, the amount of cooling water is increased, and the cooling capacity of the entire refrigeration system is reduced;
(2)不凝气的存在不仅占用了氨气的有效分压，而且在换热冷凝中不释放潜热，不冷凝液化，所以压缩机对不凝气所做的压缩功是无用功，是一种低效率运转；(2) The existence of non-condensable gas not only occupies the effective partial pressure of ammonia gas, but also does not release latent heat during heat exchange and condensation, and does not condense and liquefy, so the compression work done by the compressor on non-condensable gas is useless work, which is a kind of inefficient operation;
(3)不凝气的热阻很高，阻碍了传热的进行，使换热器的换热效率降低，导致换热面积不足，在机械上使驱动电机轴承磨损加剧，寿命缩短。(3) The thermal resistance of non-condensable gas is very high, which hinders the heat transfer, reduces the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger, leads to insufficient heat exchange area, and mechanically aggravates the wear of the drive motor bearing and shortens the service life.
综上所述，进入系统并集中在吸收器中的空气及其他不凝性气体，将引起吸收压力升高，制冷量减小，经济性降低。尤其是氨系统，氨和空气混合后，高温下有爆炸的危险，因此必须经常排除制冷系统中的不凝性气体。而在吸收器中，空气及其他不凝性气体是同制冷剂蒸气混合在一起的，排除这些气体时将不可避免地要放掉一些制冷剂，从而造成损失。为了减少损失，对于中、大型制冷装置，通常利用气体分离器来排放不凝性气体，它可以将排出气体中的制冷剂蒸气冷凝下来并回收。To sum up, the air and other non-condensable gases entering the system and concentrated in the absorber will cause the absorption pressure to increase, the cooling capacity to decrease, and the economy to decrease. Especially in the ammonia system, after ammonia and air are mixed, there is a danger of explosion at high temperature, so the non-condensable gas in the refrigeration system must be removed frequently. In the absorber, air and other non-condensable gases are mixed with the refrigerant vapor, and some refrigerant will inevitably be released when these gases are removed, resulting in losses. In order to reduce losses, for medium and large refrigeration devices, a gas separator is usually used to discharge non-condensable gas, which can condense and recover the refrigerant vapor in the exhaust gas.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型的目的在于分离和排放氨水吸收式制冷循环里吸收器中的不凝性气体，提出一种用于氨水吸收式制冷循环的吸收器不凝性气体分离装置，该分离装置能够回收气体中混合的氨气，并有效分离吸收器中的不凝性气体，从而保障循环系统安全运行。The purpose of this utility model is to separate and discharge the non-condensable gas in the absorber in the ammonia water absorption refrigeration cycle, and propose a non-condensable gas separation device for the absorber of the ammonia water absorption refrigeration cycle, which can recover the gas The mixed ammonia in the medium and effectively separate the non-condensable gas in the absorber, so as to ensure the safe operation of the circulation system.
本实用新型的技术方案是：一种用于氨水吸收式制冷循环系统中不凝性气体的分离装置，其中，包括二次发生器、精馏器Ⅱ、喷淋吸收室、磁力气体分离器和压缩机，分离装置和氨水吸收式制冷循环系统连接，氨水吸收式制冷循环系统包括发生器、精馏器Ⅰ、冷却器、节流阀Ⅰ、蒸发器、吸收器和溶液换热器；The technical scheme of the utility model is: a separation device for non-condensable gas in the ammonia water absorption refrigeration cycle system, which includes a secondary generator, a rectifier II, a spray absorption chamber, a magnetic gas separator and The compressor, the separation device are connected to the ammonia water absorption refrigeration cycle system, and the ammonia water absorption refrigeration cycle system includes a generator, a rectifier I, a cooler, a throttle valve I, an evaporator, an absorber and a solution heat exchanger;
所述喷淋吸收室上设有喷淋吸收室气体进口、喷淋吸收室氨水出口、喷淋吸收室稀氨水进口和喷淋吸收室气体出口，喷淋吸收室气体进口与吸收器的气体出口连通，吸收室稀氨水进口与精馏器Ⅱ的出液口连通，喷淋吸收室内设有两个喷嘴，其中一个喷嘴与喷淋吸收室气体进口连通，另一个喷嘴与喷淋吸收室稀氨水进口连通，且与喷淋吸收室气体进口连通的喷嘴位于与喷淋吸收室稀氨水进口连通的喷嘴的下方，喷淋吸收室氨水出口与吸收器的氨水溶液进口连通，喷淋吸收室气体出口与磁力气体分离器连通；The spray absorption chamber is provided with a gas inlet of the spray absorption chamber, an outlet of ammonia water in the spray absorption chamber, an inlet of dilute ammonia water in the spray absorption chamber and a gas outlet of the spray absorption chamber, the gas inlet of the spray absorption chamber and the gas outlet of the absorber The inlet of the dilute ammonia water in the absorption chamber is connected with the liquid outlet of the rectifier II. There are two nozzles in the spray absorption chamber, one of which is connected with the gas inlet of the spray absorption chamber, and the other nozzle is connected with the dilute ammonia water in the spray absorption chamber. The inlet is connected, and the nozzle connected with the gas inlet of the spray absorption chamber is located below the nozzle connected with the inlet of dilute ammonia water in the spray absorption chamber. communicated with the magnetic gas separator;
所述二次发生器的进液口与精馏器Ⅰ的出液口连通，二次发生器的出气口与精馏器Ⅱ的进气口连通，精馏器Ⅱ的出气口与冷却器的进气口连通，精馏器Ⅱ的出液口与喷淋吸收室的吸收室稀氨水进口连通。The liquid inlet of the secondary generator is connected with the liquid outlet of the rectifier I, the gas outlet of the secondary generator is connected with the gas inlet of the rectifier II, and the gas outlet of the rectifier II is connected with the cooler The air inlet is connected, and the liquid outlet of the rectifier II is connected with the dilute ammonia water inlet of the absorption chamber of the spray absorption chamber.
所述磁力气体分离器包括分离器气体进口、逆磁性气体阀门、逆磁性气体出气口、磁系统、脱磁器和顺磁性气体出气口，喷淋吸收室气体出口与分离器气体进口连通，逆磁性气体出气口与冷却器的进气口连通，未被溶解的气体经分离器气体进口进入气体三通，逆磁性气体经过逆磁性气体阀门，进入逆磁性气柜，通过逆磁性气体出气口流向冷却器，逆磁性气体出气口与冷却器的进气口之间设有压缩机；顺磁性气体经过脱磁器和顺磁性气体出气口进入顺磁气柜。The magnetic gas separator includes a separator gas inlet, a reverse magnetic gas valve, a reverse magnetic gas outlet, a magnetic system, a demagnetizer and a paramagnetic gas outlet, the gas outlet of the spray absorption chamber communicates with the separator gas inlet, and the reverse magnetic gas The gas outlet is connected to the air inlet of the cooler, and the undissolved gas enters the gas tee through the gas inlet of the separator, and the reverse magnetic gas enters the reverse magnetic gas cabinet through the reverse magnetic gas valve, and flows to the cooler through the reverse magnetic gas outlet A compressor is arranged between the gas outlet of the diamagnetic gas and the air inlet of the cooler; the paramagnetic gas enters the paramagnetic gas cabinet through the demagnetizer and the gas outlet of the paramagnetic gas.
所述发生器和精馏器Ⅰ、冷却器、节流阀Ⅰ、蒸发器、吸收器、溶液换热器依次连接。发生器的出气口与精馏器Ⅰ的进气口连通，精馏器Ⅰ的出气口与冷却器的进气口连通，精馏器Ⅰ的出液口依次通过溶液换热器和节流阀Ⅱ与吸收器的氨水溶液进口连通，冷却器的出液口与节流阀Ⅰ的进液口连通，节流阀Ⅰ的出液口与蒸发器的进液口连通，蒸发器的出气口与吸收器的气体进口连通，蒸发器的出液口与低温冷库的进液口连通，蒸发器的进气口与低温冷库的出气口连通，吸收器的氨水溶液出口与溶液泵的进液口连通，溶液泵的出液口通过溶液换热器与发生器的进液口连通，同时吸收器上还设有冷却水出口和冷却水进口。The generator is sequentially connected with rectifier I, cooler, throttle valve I, evaporator, absorber and solution heat exchanger. The gas outlet of the generator is connected with the inlet of the rectifier I, the gas outlet of the rectifier I is connected with the inlet of the cooler, and the liquid outlet of the rectifier I passes through the solution heat exchanger and the throttle valve in turn II is connected with the ammonia solution inlet of the absorber, the liquid outlet of the cooler is connected with the liquid inlet of the throttle valve I, the liquid outlet of the throttle valve I is connected with the liquid inlet of the evaporator, and the gas outlet of the evaporator is connected with the liquid inlet of the evaporator. The gas inlet of the absorber is connected, the liquid outlet of the evaporator is connected with the liquid inlet of the low-temperature cold storage, the air inlet of the evaporator is connected with the gas outlet of the low-temperature cold storage, and the ammonia solution outlet of the absorber is connected with the liquid inlet of the solution pump , the liquid outlet of the solution pump communicates with the liquid inlet of the generator through the solution heat exchanger, and the absorber is also provided with a cooling water outlet and a cooling water inlet.
本实用新型的有益效果：The beneficial effects of the utility model:
(1)采用喷淋吸收室装置吸收氨气，不仅回收不凝性气体中部分氨气，而且提高了循环系统制冷量：利用二次发生器发生稀氨水溶液获得溶度更低的稀氨水溶液，然后喷进喷淋吸收室，稀氨水溶液和不凝性气体采用相对喷射，去吸收从吸收器内引出气体中的部分氨气，提高氨气吸收率。经过二次发生器和精馏器II分离出的氨气，进入冷却器和蒸发器，可提高循环系统的制冷量。(1) Use the spray absorption chamber device to absorb ammonia gas, which not only recovers part of the ammonia gas in the non-condensable gas, but also improves the cooling capacity of the circulation system: use the secondary generator to generate dilute ammonia solution to obtain dilute ammonia solution with lower solubility , and then sprayed into the spray absorption chamber, the dilute ammonia solution and the non-condensable gas are sprayed against each other to absorb part of the ammonia gas in the gas drawn from the absorber and improve the ammonia gas absorption rate. The ammonia gas separated from the secondary generator and rectifier II enters the cooler and evaporator, which can increase the refrigeration capacity of the circulation system.
(2)采用了结构独特的磁力分离装置：利用气体分子的顺磁性和逆磁性，采取磁力去改变气体的流动方向分离出不凝性气体中的氨气。(2) A magnetic separation device with a unique structure is used: using the paramagnetism and diamagnetism of gas molecules, the magnetic force is used to change the flow direction of the gas to separate the ammonia in the non-condensable gas.
(3)通过喷淋吸收与磁力分离两种手段分离不凝性气体中的氨气，并将其回收，能够保障制冷循环安全运行，且减少制冷剂的流失。(3) The ammonia gas in the non-condensable gas is separated by means of spray absorption and magnetic separation, and it is recycled, which can ensure the safe operation of the refrigeration cycle and reduce the loss of refrigerant.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是不凝性气体的分离装置在氨水吸收式制冷循环结构中位置示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the position of the separation device of non-condensable gas in the ammonia water absorption refrigeration cycle structure;
图2是分离装置的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is the structural representation of separating device;
图3是喷淋吸收室的示意图；Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of spray absorption chamber;
图4是磁力气体分离器的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic gas separator.
图5是吸收器的结构示意图。Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the absorber.
图中：1发生器；2精馏器I；3冷却器、4节流阀I；5蒸发器；6吸收器；7溶液泵；8 溶液换热器；9节流阀II；10二次发生器；11精馏器II；12喷淋吸收室；13磁力气体分离器；14压缩机；15低温冷库；16喷淋吸收室气体进口；17喷嘴；18喷淋吸收室氨水出口； 19喷淋吸收室稀氨水进口；20喷淋吸收室气体出口；21磁力气体分离器气体进口；22流量计；23阀门Ⅰ；24气体三通；25逆磁性气体阀门；26流量计；27阀门Ⅲ；28逆磁性气体气柜；29逆磁性气体出气口；30外加磁系统；31脱磁器；32阀门Ⅳ；33流量计；34阀门Ⅴ； 35顺磁性气体气柜；36顺磁性气体出气口；37冷却水出口；38冷却水进口；39氨水溶液出口；40氨水溶液进口；41气体进口；42气体出口。In the figure: 1 generator; 2 rectifier I; 3 cooler, 4 throttle valve I; 5 evaporator; 6 absorber; 7 solution pump; 8 solution heat exchanger; 9 throttle valve II; 10 secondary Generator; 11 Rectifier II; 12 Spray absorption chamber; 13 Magnetic gas separator; 14 Compressor; 15 Low temperature cold storage; 16 Gas inlet of spray absorption chamber; 17 Nozzle; 20 Gas outlet of spray absorption chamber; 21 Gas inlet of magnetic gas separator; 22 Flow meter; 23 Valve I; 24 Gas tee; 25 Inverse magnetic gas valve; 26 Flow meter; 27 Valve III; 28 reverse magnetic gas gas cabinet; 29 reverse magnetic gas gas outlet; 30 external magnetic system; 31 demagnetizer; 32 valve Ⅳ; 33 flowmeter; 34 valve Ⅴ; Cooling water outlet; 38 Cooling water inlet; 39 Ammonia solution outlet; 40 Ammonia solution inlet; 41 Gas inlet; 42 Gas outlet.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本实用新型作进一步的说明。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is described further.
如图1和图2所示，用于氨水吸收式制冷循环中不凝性气体的分离装置系统包括二次发生器10、精馏器11、喷淋吸收室12、磁力气体分离器13和压缩机14，分离装置系统和氨水吸收式制冷循环系统连接，其中氨水吸收式制冷循环系统包括发生器1、精馏器Ⅰ2、冷却器 3、节流阀Ⅰ4、蒸发器5、吸收器6和溶液换热器8。氨水吸收式制冷循环系统中，发生器1和精馏器Ⅰ2、冷却器3、节流阀Ⅰ4、蒸发器5、吸收器6、溶液换热器8依次连接。发生器 1的出气口与精馏器Ⅰ2的进气口连通，精馏器Ⅰ2的出气口与冷却器3的进气口连通，精馏器Ⅰ2的出液口依次通过溶液换热器8和节流阀Ⅱ9与吸收器6的氨水溶液进口40连通。冷却器3的出液口与节流阀Ⅰ4的进液口连通，节流阀Ⅰ4的出液口与蒸发器5的进液口连通，蒸发器5的出气口与吸收器6的气体进口41连通。同时，蒸发器5的出液口与低温冷库15 的进液口连通，蒸发器5的进气口与低温冷库15的出气口连通。吸收器6的氨水溶液出口39与溶液泵7的进液口连通，溶液泵7的出液口通过溶液换热器8与发生器1的进液口连通。同时吸收器6上还设有冷却水出口37和冷却水进口38，通过冷却水在吸收器6内的循环，对吸收器6内的氨水溶液进行冷却。As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the separation device system for non-condensable gas in the ammonia water absorption refrigeration cycle includes a secondary generator 10, a rectifier 11, a spray absorption chamber 12, a magnetic gas separator 13 and a compressor Machine 14, the separation device system is connected with the ammonia water absorption refrigeration cycle system, wherein the ammonia water absorption refrigeration cycle system includes a generator 1, a rectifier I2, a cooler 3, a throttle valve I4, an evaporator 5, an absorber 6 and a solution heat exchanger 8. In the ammonia water absorption refrigeration cycle system, the generator 1 is connected with the rectifier I2, the cooler 3, the throttle valve I4, the evaporator 5, the absorber 6, and the solution heat exchanger 8 in sequence. The gas outlet of generator 1 communicates with the inlet of rectifier I2, the gas outlet of rectifier I2 communicates with the inlet of cooler 3, and the liquid outlet of rectifier I2 passes through solution heat exchanger 8 and The throttle valve II9 communicates with the ammonia solution inlet 40 of the absorber 6 . The liquid outlet of the cooler 3 is connected with the liquid inlet of the throttle valve I4, the liquid outlet of the throttle valve I4 is connected with the liquid inlet of the evaporator 5, and the gas outlet of the evaporator 5 is connected with the gas inlet 41 of the absorber 6 connected. Meanwhile, the liquid outlet of the evaporator 5 communicates with the liquid inlet of the low-temperature cold storage 15 , and the air inlet of the evaporator 5 communicates with the gas outlet of the low-temperature cold storage 15 . The ammonia solution outlet 39 of the absorber 6 communicates with the liquid inlet of the solution pump 7 , and the liquid outlet of the solution pump 7 communicates with the liquid inlet of the generator 1 through the solution heat exchanger 8 . At the same time, the absorber 6 is also provided with a cooling water outlet 37 and a cooling water inlet 38 , and the ammonia solution in the absorber 6 is cooled by the circulation of the cooling water in the absorber 6 .
通过发生器1的加热，生成高温高压的氨气，氨气经过精馏器Ⅰ2精馏后，纯净的高温高压氨气进入冷却器3内，而未蒸发的稀氨水溶液和未被溶解的不凝性气体从精馏器Ⅰ2的出液口流出，高温高压的氨气经冷却器3冷却为低温高压的氨水溶液，并经节流阀Ⅰ4降压后，成为低温低压的氨水溶液，低温低压的氨水溶液经蒸发器5后成为低压高温的气体，进入吸收器6内。另外，发生器1中经发生过程剩余的溶液，如少量未蒸发的氨气溶液，经溶液换热器8和节流阀II9降温降压后进入吸收器6中，与从蒸发器6出来的低压制冷剂蒸气相混合，并吸收低压制冷剂蒸气并恢复到原来的浓度。低温低压的氨水溶液经溶液泵7抽至溶液换热器8内进行加热，并流至发生器1内，由此形成普通吸收式制冷循环。Through the heating of the generator 1, high temperature and high pressure ammonia gas is generated. After the ammonia gas is rectified by the rectifier I2, the pure high temperature and high pressure ammonia gas enters the cooler 3, while the unevaporated dilute ammonia solution and undissolved undissolved ammonia gas The condensable gas flows out from the liquid outlet of the rectifier I2, and the high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia gas is cooled by the cooler 3 into a low-temperature and high-pressure ammonia solution, and after being decompressed by the throttle valve I4, it becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure ammonia solution. The aqueous ammonia solution becomes a low-pressure high-temperature gas after passing through the evaporator 5, and enters the absorber 6. In addition, the remaining solution in the generator 1 through the generation process, such as a small amount of unevaporated ammonia solution, enters the absorber 6 after the solution heat exchanger 8 and the throttle valve II9 are lowered in temperature and pressure, and is separated from the evaporator 6. The low-pressure refrigerant vapor mixes and absorbs the low-pressure refrigerant vapor and returns to its original concentration. The low-temperature and low-pressure ammonia solution is pumped by the solution pump 7 to the solution heat exchanger 8 for heating, and flows into the generator 1, thereby forming a common absorption refrigeration cycle.
如图3所示，喷淋吸收室12上设有喷淋吸收室气体进口16、喷淋吸收室氨水出口18、喷淋吸收室稀氨水进口19和喷淋吸收室气体出口20，其中，喷淋吸收室气体进口16与吸收器6的气体出口42连通，不凝性气体通过气体出口42进入喷淋吸收室12内，吸收室稀氨水进口19与精馏器II11的出液口连通，稀氨水溶液通过吸收室稀氨水进口19进入喷淋吸收室12内。喷淋吸收室12内设有两个喷嘴17，其中一个喷嘴与喷淋吸收室气体进口16连通，另一个喷嘴与喷淋吸收室稀氨水进口19连通，且与喷淋吸收室气体进口16连通的喷嘴位于与喷淋吸收室稀氨水进口19连通的喷嘴的下方。As shown in Figure 3, the spray absorption chamber 12 is provided with a spray absorption chamber gas inlet 16, a spray absorption chamber ammonia water outlet 18, a spray absorption chamber dilute ammonia water inlet 19 and a spray absorption chamber gas outlet 20, wherein the spray absorption chamber The gas inlet 16 of the shower absorption chamber communicates with the gas outlet 42 of the absorber 6, and the non-condensable gas enters the spray absorption chamber 12 through the gas outlet 42, and the dilute ammonia water inlet 19 of the absorption chamber communicates with the liquid outlet of the rectifier II11. The ammonia solution enters the spray absorption chamber 12 through the dilute ammonia water inlet 19 of the absorption chamber. The spray absorption chamber 12 is provided with two nozzles 17, one nozzle communicates with the gas inlet 16 of the spray absorption chamber, and the other nozzle communicates with the dilute ammonia water inlet 19 of the spray absorption chamber and communicates with the gas inlet 16 of the spray absorption chamber The nozzle is located below the nozzle communicated with the dilute ammonia water inlet 19 of the spray absorption chamber.
二次发生器10的进液口与精馏器Ⅰ2的出液口连通，二次发生器10的出气口与冷却器3 的进液口连通，精馏器II11的出液口与喷淋吸收室12的吸收室稀氨水进口19连通。喷淋吸收室12的喷淋吸收室氨水出口18与吸收器6的氨水溶液进口连通，喷淋吸收室12的喷淋吸收室气体出口20与磁力气体分离器13连通。进入喷淋吸收室12的稀氨水溶液与不凝性气体进口通过喷淋的形式混合，使得不凝性气体中掺杂的氨气部分被吸收，吸收后的液体部分进入吸收器6，气体部分进入磁力气体分离器13。The liquid inlet of secondary generator 10 communicates with the liquid outlet of rectifier I2, the gas outlet of secondary generator 10 communicates with the liquid inlet of cooler 3, and the liquid outlet of rectifier II11 communicates with the spray absorption The absorption chamber dilute ammonia water inlet 19 of the chamber 12 is connected. The ammonia water outlet 18 of the spray absorption chamber 12 communicates with the ammonia solution inlet of the absorber 6 , and the gas outlet 20 of the spray absorption chamber 12 communicates with the magnetic gas separator 13 . The dilute ammonia solution entering the spray absorption chamber 12 is mixed with the non-condensable gas inlet by spraying, so that the ammonia gas doped in the non-condensable gas is partly absorbed, and the absorbed liquid part enters the absorber 6, and the gas part Enter the magnetic gas separator 13.
如图4所示，磁力气体分离器13包括分离器气体进口21、逆磁性气体阀门25、逆磁性气体出气口29和顺磁性气体出气口36，喷淋吸收室气体出口20与分离器气体进口21连通，逆磁性气体出气口29通过压缩机14与冷却器的进气口连通。未被溶解的气体经分离器气体进口21、气体流量计22和阀门23Ⅰ后进入气体三通；逆磁性气体即氨气的流动方向不变，经过逆磁性气体阀门25、流量计26和阀门Ⅲ27，进入逆磁性气柜，然后通过逆磁性气体出气口29流向冷却器3，逆磁性气体出气口29与冷却器3的进气口之间设有压缩机14。顺磁性气体受到磁系统30磁力吸引，偏离原运行方向，经过脱磁器31，经过阀门Ⅳ32、流量计33和阀门Ⅴ34，然后进入顺磁气柜35，并通过顺磁性气体出气口36排出循环系统，从完成不凝性气体的分离。磁力气体分离器13通过利用气体分子的逆磁性与顺磁性，将不凝性气体与氨气进行分离，分离出来的逆磁性氨气进入冷却器3；顺磁性气体则排出循环系统，从完成不凝性气体的分离。As shown in Figure 4, the magnetic gas separator 13 comprises separator gas inlet 21, reverse magnetic gas valve 25, reverse magnetic gas outlet 29 and paramagnetic gas outlet 36, spray absorption chamber gas outlet 20 and separator gas inlet 21 The diamagnetic gas outlet 29 communicates with the air inlet of the cooler through the compressor 14 . The undissolved gas enters the gas tee after passing through the gas inlet 21 of the separator, the gas flow meter 22 and the valve 23I; the flow direction of the reverse magnetic gas, that is, ammonia gas, remains unchanged, and passes through the reverse magnetic gas valve 25, the flow meter 26 and the valve III 27 , enter the inverse magnetic gas cabinet, and then flow to the cooler 3 through the inverse magnetic gas outlet 29, and a compressor 14 is arranged between the inverse magnetic gas outlet 29 and the air inlet of the cooler 3. The paramagnetic gas is attracted by the magnetic force of the magnetic system 30, deviates from the original running direction, passes through the demagnetizer 31, passes through the valve Ⅳ 32, the flow meter 33 and the valve Ⅴ 34, then enters the paramagnetic gas cabinet 35, and is discharged from the circulation system through the paramagnetic gas outlet 36 , from which the separation of noncondensable gases is accomplished. The magnetic gas separator 13 separates the non-condensable gas from the ammonia gas by utilizing the diamagnetism and paramagnetism of the gas molecules, and the separated diamagnetic ammonia gas enters the cooler 3; Separation of condensable gases.
该分离装置的工作过程如下所述：在普通吸收式制冷循环基础上，从精馏器Ⅰ2出口旁通部分的稀氨水经过二次发生器10后，与精馏器Ⅱ11连接，经精馏器Ⅱ11分离后的气体流入冷却器3内，分离后的稀氨水溶液进入喷淋吸收室12内，同时吸收器6内的不凝性气体也流入喷淋吸收室12内，喷淋吸收室12内的稀氨水溶液与不凝性气体通过喷淋的形式混合，使得不凝性气体中掺杂的氨气部分被吸收，吸收后的液体部分再次流入吸收器6内，气体部分进入磁力气体分离器13。磁力气体分离器13通过利用气体分子的逆磁性与顺磁性，将不凝性气体中气体进行分离，分离出来的逆磁性氨气进入冷却器3，顺磁性气体则排出循环系统，从完成不凝性气体的分离。The working process of the separation device is as follows: on the basis of the ordinary absorption refrigeration cycle, the dilute ammonia water from the bypass part of the outlet of the rectifier I2 passes through the secondary generator 10, connects with the rectifier II11, and passes through the rectifier II11 The separated gas flows into the cooler 3, the separated dilute ammonia solution enters the spray absorption chamber 12, and at the same time, the non-condensable gas in the absorber 6 also flows into the spray absorption chamber 12, and the spray absorption chamber 12 The dilute ammonia solution and the non-condensable gas are mixed in the form of spraying, so that the ammonia gas doped in the non-condensable gas is partially absorbed, and the absorbed liquid part flows into the absorber 6 again, and the gas part enters the magnetic gas separator 13. The magnetic gas separator 13 uses the diamagnetism and paramagnetism of gas molecules to separate the gas in the non-condensable gas. The separated diamagnetic ammonia gas enters the cooler 3, and the paramagnetic gas is discharged from the circulation system. Separation of reactive gases.
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| CN106895617A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-06-27 | 中国海洋大学 | For the separator of incoagulable gas in the ammonia absorption type refrigeration circulatory system |
| CN108413665A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-08-17 | 东南大学 | The separator of incoagulable gas and ammonia in ammonia absorption type refrigeration system |
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| CN106895617A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-06-27 | 中国海洋大学 | For the separator of incoagulable gas in the ammonia absorption type refrigeration circulatory system |
| CN108413665A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-08-17 | 东南大学 | The separator of incoagulable gas and ammonia in ammonia absorption type refrigeration system |
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