CN113371014A - Steam compression cycle refrigeration system for sealed cabin in vacuum environment and train - Google Patents
Steam compression cycle refrigeration system for sealed cabin in vacuum environment and train Download PDFInfo
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- CN113371014A CN113371014A CN202010157949.8A CN202010157949A CN113371014A CN 113371014 A CN113371014 A CN 113371014A CN 202010157949 A CN202010157949 A CN 202010157949A CN 113371014 A CN113371014 A CN 113371014A
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 7
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
- B61D27/0072—Means for cooling only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D13/00—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft
- B64D13/06—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft the air being conditioned
- B64D13/08—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft the air being conditioned the air being heated or cooled
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/46—Arrangements or adaptations of devices for control of environment or living conditions
- B64G1/50—Arrangements or adaptations of devices for control of environment or living conditions for temperature control
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Abstract
The invention provides a vapor compression cycle refrigeration system and a train for a sealed cabin in a vacuum environment, the system comprises a first heat exchanger, a first power unit, a second power unit, a third power unit, a second heat exchanger, a second medium storage tank and a flow regulating valve, wherein the first heat exchanger is used for vaporizing a liquid first medium into a low-temperature low-pressure gaseous first medium to absorb heat carried by gas, the second power unit is used for delivering cooled gas to a sealed cabin, the third power unit is used for compressing the low-temperature low-pressure gaseous first medium into a high-temperature high-pressure gaseous first medium, the second heat exchanger is used for liquefying the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous first medium into a high-temperature high-pressure liquid first medium and transferring released heat to the second medium, and the flow regulating valve is used for changing the high-temperature high-pressure liquid first medium into the low-temperature low-pressure liquid first medium. By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the technical problem that the sealed cabin body in the vacuum environment cannot be refrigerated in the prior art is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat dissipation of a sealed cabin in a vacuum environment, in particular to a vapor compression cycle refrigeration system for the sealed cabin in the vacuum environment and a train.
Background
The temperature control of the air in the cabin of the manned spacecraft is an active temperature control technology mainly based on forced convection heat transfer, and the systems have two types of liquid circulation and gas circulation. The fluid is driven by a pump or a fan to lead out the heat in the spacecraft, and the heat flows through an external heat radiator to be discharged to the space.
The temperature control of the cabin of the modern civil aviation passenger plane mainly adopts an air circulation refrigeration method. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas led out from the engine is primarily cooled by a series of heat exchangers, and then is expanded and cooled by a cooling turbine to obtain low-temperature and low-pressure air which is supplied into the cabin.
The high-speed railway train usually adopts a vapor compression type refrigerating system, which utilizes the heat absorption effect of certain low-boiling-point liquid during vaporization and evaporation to realize the refrigerating function.
However, the liquid loop type active temperature control technology of the manned spacecraft utilizes the driving of a pump or a fan to lead out the heat inside the spacecraft, flows through an external heat radiator and is discharged to the space, and mainly utilizes a natural heat sink which is an extra-cabin space environment. The air circulation refrigerating method of modern civil aircraft is limited by the technical conditions of the existing supercharging equipment (the supercharging is smaller) because the adopted working medium is mainly air, and is not suitable for the application object with overlarge pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the cabin. The high-speed railway running train works in a standard atmospheric environment, and the condensing process of the vapor compression refrigeration method of the high-speed railway running train is assisted by outside air. For trains running in a vacuum environment, the heat in the sealed cabin body is large, and the refrigeration cannot be realized by using the external air, so that the three methods are not suitable for all trains.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a vapor compression cycle refrigeration system for a sealed cabin in a vacuum environment and a train, which can solve the technical problem that the sealed cabin in the vacuum environment cannot be refrigerated in the prior art.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vapor compression cycle refrigeration system for a sealed capsule in a vacuum environment, the vapor compression cycle refrigeration system comprising: the first heat exchanger comprises a liquid first medium, and is used for vaporizing the liquid first medium into a low-temperature low-pressure gaseous first medium so as to absorb heat carried by gas in the sealed cabin body; the first power unit is connected with an inlet of the first heat exchanger and is used for sending air in the sealed cabin body to the first heat exchanger; the second power unit is connected with the outlet of the first heat exchanger and is used for conveying the cooled gas to the sealed cabin body; the third power unit is connected with the first heat exchanger and is used for compressing the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous first medium into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous first medium; the second heat exchanger is connected with a third power unit, a second medium is arranged in the second medium storage tank, and the second heat exchanger is used for liquefying the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous first medium into a high-temperature high-pressure liquid first medium and transferring heat released by the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous first medium to the second medium; and the flow regulating valve is respectively connected with the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger and is used for changing the high-temperature high-pressure liquid first medium into a low-temperature low-pressure liquid first medium and sending the low-temperature low-pressure liquid first medium to the first heat exchanger.
Furthermore, the vapor compression cycle refrigeration system also comprises a drying unit, the drying unit is respectively connected with the second heat exchanger and the flow regulating valve, and the drying unit is used for drying the high-temperature high-pressure liquid first medium.
Further, the vapor compression cycle refrigeration system further comprises a filtering unit, the filtering unit is respectively connected with the drying unit and the flow regulating valve, and the filtering unit is used for removing impurities in the high-temperature high-pressure liquid first medium.
Further, the vapor compression cycle refrigeration system further comprises a dehydration unit, the dehydration unit is respectively connected with the filtering unit and the flow regulating valve, and the dehydration unit is used for performing dehydration treatment on the high-temperature high-pressure liquid first medium.
Further, the second medium is a consumable coolant, and the consumable coolant includes an ice-water mixture or pure water.
Further, the first heat exchanger comprises an evaporator and the second heat exchanger comprises a condenser.
Further, the first power unit comprises an exhaust fan, the second power unit comprises a blower, the third power unit comprises a compressor, and the flow regulating valve comprises a thermal expansion valve or an electronic expansion valve.
Furthermore, the vapor compression cycle refrigeration system also comprises a first gas pipeline, a second gas pipeline, a third gas pipeline and a fourth gas pipeline, wherein the first gas pipeline is respectively connected with the first power unit and the first heat exchanger, the second gas pipeline is respectively connected with the first heat exchanger and the second power unit, the third gas pipeline is respectively connected with the first heat exchanger and the third power unit, and the fourth gas pipeline is respectively connected with the third power unit and the second heat exchanger.
Furthermore, the vapor compression cycle refrigeration system also comprises a first liquid pipeline and a second liquid pipeline, wherein the first liquid pipeline is respectively connected with the second heat exchanger and the flow regulating valve, and the second liquid pipeline is respectively connected with the flow regulating valve and the first heat exchanger.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a magnetic levitation train comprising a vapor compression cycle refrigeration system as described above for a sealed enclosure in a vacuum environment.
The technical scheme of the invention is applied, and the steam compression cycle refrigeration system for the sealed cabin in the vacuum environment is provided, the cycle refrigeration system is provided with a first heat exchanger, a third power unit, a second heat exchanger, a second medium storage tank and a flow regulating valve, a first medium with a low boiling point circulates in a closed pipeline in a fluid state, the first medium in the first heat exchanger is used for vaporizing, evaporating and absorbing heat in the cabin, the third power unit is used for compressing the first medium in a low-temperature low-pressure gaseous state to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the second heat exchanger, and the second medium in the second medium storage tank is used for absorbing energy released when the first medium in the second heat exchanger is condensed, so that the purpose of heat transfer is realized. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the vapor compression cycle refrigeration system provided by the invention can solve the problem of condensing working medium in vapor compression cycle refrigeration by virtue of the second medium in the second medium storage tank carried by the system without the aid of outside air, absorbs heat in the sealed cabin through liquid vaporization refrigeration, achieves the purpose of temperature control by adopting a mode of compressing and recondensing the vaporized liquid first medium, and can be applied to the sealed cabin with larger heat dissipation capacity.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a vapor compression cycle refrigeration system for a sealed enclosure in a vacuum environment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
10. a first heat exchanger; 20. a first power unit; 30. a second power unit; 40. a third power unit; 50. a second heat exchanger; 60. a second medium tank; 70. a flow regulating valve; 80. a first gas conduit; 90. a second gas conduit; 100. a third gas conduit; 110. a fourth gas conduit; 120. a first liquid conduit; 130. a second liquid conduit; 200. sealing the heat source in the cabin; 300. and sealing the cabin shell.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
As shown in fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a vapor compression cycle refrigeration system for a sealed cabin in a vacuum environment, the vapor compression cycle refrigeration system comprising a first heat exchanger 10, a first power unit 20, a second power unit 30, a third power unit 40, a second heat exchanger 50, a second medium storage tank 60 and a flow control valve 70, the first heat exchanger 10 comprising a liquid first medium, the first heat exchanger 10 being configured to vaporize the liquid first medium into a low-temperature low-pressure gaseous first medium to absorb heat carried by gas in the sealed cabin, the first power unit 20 being connected to an inlet of the first heat exchanger 10, the first power unit 20 being configured to supply air in the sealed cabin to the first heat exchanger 10, the second power unit 30 being connected to an outlet of the first heat exchanger 10, the second power unit 30 being configured to supply cooled gas to the sealed cabin, the third power unit 40 is connected with the first heat exchanger 10, the third power unit 40 is used for compressing the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous first medium into the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous first medium, the second heat exchanger 50 is connected with the third power unit 40, a second medium is arranged in the second medium storage tank 60, the second heat exchanger 50 is used for liquefying the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous first medium into the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid first medium and transferring the heat released by the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous first medium to the second medium, the flow regulating valve 70 is respectively connected with the first heat exchanger 10 and the second heat exchanger 50, and the flow regulating valve 70 is used for changing the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid first medium into the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid first medium and sending the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid first medium to the first heat exchanger 10.
By applying the configuration mode, the vapor compression cycle refrigeration system for the sealed cabin in the vacuum environment is provided, the cycle refrigeration system is provided with the first heat exchanger, the third power unit, the second heat exchanger, the second medium storage tank and the flow regulating valve, the first medium with low boiling point circulates in a closed pipeline in a fluid state, the first medium in the first heat exchanger is used for vaporizing and evaporating heat in the cabin, the third power unit is used for compressing the first medium in the low-temperature low-pressure gaseous state so as to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the second heat exchanger, and the second medium in the second medium storage tank is used for absorbing energy released when the first medium in the second heat exchanger is condensed, so that the purpose of heat transfer is realized. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the vapor compression cycle refrigeration system provided by the invention can solve the problem of condensing working medium in vapor compression cycle refrigeration by virtue of the second medium in the second medium storage tank carried by the system without the aid of outside air, absorbs heat in the sealed cabin through liquid vaporization refrigeration, achieves the purpose of temperature control by adopting a mode of compressing and recondensing the vaporized liquid first medium, and can be applied to the sealed cabin with larger heat dissipation capacity.
Specifically, in the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the hot air heated by human body or equipment in the sealed cabin shell 300 is sent to the first heat exchanger 10 by the first power unit 20, the temperature is reduced after the heat is transferred to the liquid first medium by the heat exchange process, and the cooled air is returned to the sealed cabin by the second power unit 30. Meanwhile, the liquid first medium heated by the hot air is vaporized into a low-temperature low-pressure gaseous first medium, the third power unit 40 is driven by electric power to do work, the low-temperature low-pressure gaseous first medium sucked into the first heat exchanger 10 is compressed into a high-temperature high-pressure gaseous first medium; the second heat exchanger 50 cools the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous first medium into a high-temperature high-pressure liquid first medium and transfers the heat released by the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous first medium to the second medium in the second medium storage tank 60, the cooled high-temperature high-pressure liquid first medium is sent to the flow regulating valve 70, and after throttling and pressure reduction through the flow regulating valve 70, the high-temperature high-pressure liquid first medium is changed into a low-temperature low-pressure liquid first medium and is sent to the first heat exchanger 10 again to enter the next refrigeration cycle. Through the refrigeration process, the sealed cabin body in the vacuum environment can be continuously refrigerated, and the refrigeration efficiency is high.
Further, in the present invention, in order to prevent the first medium from affecting the cooling performance of the first medium due to the phase change process during the refrigeration cycle, after the first medium is cooled by the second medium, the vapor compression cycle refrigeration system may be configured to further include a drying unit connected to the second heat exchanger 50 and the flow rate adjustment valve 70, respectively, for drying the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid first medium.
Further, in the present invention, in order to prevent the first medium from affecting the cooling performance of the first medium due to the introduction of impurities during the refrigeration cycle, after the first medium is subjected to a drying process via the drying unit, the vapor compression cycle refrigeration system may be configured to further include a filtering unit connected to the drying unit and the flow rate adjustment valve 70, respectively, for removing impurities in the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid first medium.
Further, in the present invention, in order to prevent the first medium from affecting the cooling performance of the first medium due to moisture introduced by the phase change process during the refrigeration cycle, after the first medium is filtered through the filtering unit, the vapor compression cycle refrigeration system may be configured to further include a dehydration unit connected to the filtering unit and the flow rate adjustment valve 70, respectively, for dehydrating the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid first medium.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the first heat exchanger 10 includes an evaporator, the second heat exchanger 50 includes a condenser, and the second medium is a consumable coolant including an ice-water mixture or pure water. In the invention, if an ice-water mixture is adopted as the second medium, the heat absorption process comprises two steps, wherein the first step is that ice blocks are melted into liquid water at 0 ℃ through phase change heat absorption, and the second step is that the liquid water at 0 ℃ absorbs heat and is heated, when the temperature is raised to a certain temperature, the heat exchange process is weakened, the refrigeration efficiency is low, and the second medium needs to be replaced at the moment. If pure water (pure water refers to water at 0 ℃ or low-temperature liquid water) is used as the second medium, the heat absorption process specifically includes heat absorption and temperature rise of the water at 0 ℃ or the low-temperature liquid water, when the temperature rises to a certain temperature, the heat exchange process is weakened, the refrigeration efficiency is low, and the second medium needs to be replaced at this time. In the invention, the gas in the sealed cabin can transfer the carried heat to the liquid first medium, the liquid first medium absorbs heat and is vaporized into the low-temperature low-pressure gaseous first medium, in order to improve the condensation efficiency of the subsequent condenser, the low-temperature low-pressure gaseous first medium is compressed by the third power unit to be changed into the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous first medium, then, the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous first medium can be changed into the high-temperature high-pressure liquid first medium through cooling of the second medium, the temperature of the second medium is increased after heat absorption, and the second medium needs to be replaced when the temperature is increased to a certain temperature. In order to realize the circulation refrigeration of the sealed cabin, the flow regulating valve is required to convert the high-temperature high-pressure liquid first medium into the low-temperature low-pressure liquid first medium, and the cooled low-temperature low-pressure liquid first medium returns to the evaporator again to finish the heat dissipation of the gas in the next circulation sealed cabin, so that the continuous heat dissipation of the sealed cabin is realized. As an embodiment of the present invention, the third power unit 40 includes a compressor, and the flow regulating valve 70 includes a thermal expansion valve or an electronic expansion valve.
Further, in the present invention, in order to realize continuous heat dissipation of the heat source 200 in the sealed cabin, the first power unit is required to continuously pump heat to the first heat exchanger and send the cooled cabin air into the sealed cabin again. As an example embodiment of the present invention, first power unit 20 includes a suction fan and second power unit 30 includes a blower.
In addition, in the present invention, in order to realize the heat exchange of the gas inside the sealed cabin, the vapor compression cycle refrigeration system may be configured to further include a first gas pipe 80, a second gas pipe 90, a third gas pipe 100, and a fourth gas pipe 110, the first gas pipe 80 is connected to the first power unit 20 and the first heat exchanger 10, respectively, the second gas pipe 90 is connected to the first heat exchanger 10 and the second power unit 20, respectively, the third gas pipe 100 is connected to the first heat exchanger 10 and the third power unit 40, respectively, and the fourth gas pipe 110 is connected to the third power unit 40 and the second heat exchanger 50, respectively.
With this arrangement, the heat-carrying gas in the capsule is sent to the first heat exchanger 10 through the first gas pipe 80 under the action of the first power unit 20, under the action of the first heat exchanger 10, the heat of the gas is transferred to the liquid first medium, the cooled gas is sent to the sealed cabin body again through the second gas pipeline 90, the liquid first medium absorbs heat and is vaporized into the low-temperature low-pressure gaseous first medium, the low-temperature low-pressure gaseous first medium enters the third power unit 40 through the third gas pipeline 100, the third power unit 40 is driven by electric power to do work to compress the low-temperature low-pressure gaseous first medium into the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous first medium, the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous first medium enters the second heat exchanger 50 through the fourth gas pipeline 110, and the second heat exchanger 50 cools the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous first medium into the high-temperature high-pressure liquid first medium and transfers the heat to the second medium.
Further, in the present invention, the vapor compression cycle refrigeration system further includes a first liquid pipe 120 and a second liquid pipe 130, the first liquid pipe 120 is connected to the second heat exchanger 50 and the flow rate adjustment valve 70, respectively, and the second liquid pipe 130 is connected to the flow rate adjustment valve 70 and the first heat exchanger 10, respectively. Specifically, after the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous first medium is cooled to the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid first medium by the second heat exchanger 50 and heat is transferred to the second medium, the cooled high-temperature and high-pressure liquid first medium is sent to the flow regulating valve 70 through the first liquid pipeline 120, and is converted into the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid first medium by the action of the flow regulating valve 70, and the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid first medium can be returned back to the first heat exchanger 10 through the second liquid pipeline 130, so as to realize continuous refrigeration of the sealed cabin.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a magnetic levitation train comprising a vapor compression cycle refrigeration system as described above for a sealed enclosure in a vacuum environment. The vapor compression cycle refrigeration system provided by the invention can solve the problem of condensing working medium in vapor compression cycle refrigeration by means of a second medium in a second medium storage tank carried by the vapor compression cycle refrigeration system without the aid of outside air, absorbs heat in a sealed cabin through liquid vaporization refrigeration, and achieves the purpose of temperature control by adopting a mode of compressing and recondensing a liquid first medium after vaporization, and can be applied to the sealed cabin with larger heat dissipation capacity.
For a further understanding of the present invention, a vapor compression cycle refrigeration system for a sealed enclosure in a vacuum environment according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, there is provided a vapor compression cycle refrigeration system for a sealed cabin in a vacuum environment according to an embodiment of the present invention, the vapor compression cycle refrigeration system includes a first heat exchanger 10, a first power unit 20, a second power unit 30, a third power unit 40, a second heat exchanger 50, a second medium tank 60, a flow control valve 70, a first gas pipe 80, a second gas pipe 90, a third gas pipe 100, a fourth gas pipe 110, a first liquid pipe 120, a second liquid pipe 130, a drying unit, a filtering unit, and a dehydrating unit, in the present embodiment, the first heat exchanger 10 includes an evaporator, the second heat exchanger 50 includes a condenser, the first power unit 20 includes a suction fan, the second power unit 30 includes a blower, the third power unit 40 includes a compressor, and the flow regulating valve 70 includes a thermal expansion valve or an electronic expansion valve.
The evaporator comprises a liquid first medium, the liquid first medium is a refrigerant, the liquid first medium is used for vaporizing the liquid first medium into a low-temperature low-pressure gaseous first medium to absorb heat carried by gas in the sealed cabin, the exhaust fan is connected with an inlet of the evaporator through a first gas pipeline 80, the exhaust fan is used for conveying air in the sealed cabin to the evaporator, the blower is connected with an outlet of the evaporator through a second gas pipeline 90, and the blower is used for conveying cooled gas to the sealed cabin.
The third power unit 40 is connected with the evaporator through a third gas pipeline 100, the third power unit 40 is used for compressing a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous first medium into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous first medium, the condenser is connected with the third power unit 40 through a fourth gas pipeline 110, a second medium is arranged in the second medium storage tank 60, the second medium is a consumable coolant, the consumable coolant comprises an ice-water mixture or pure water, the condenser is used for liquefying the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous first medium into a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid first medium and transferring heat released by the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous first medium to the second medium, the condenser is sequentially connected with the drying unit, the filtering unit, the dehydrating unit and the flow regulating valve 70 through a first liquid pipeline 120, the drying unit is used for drying the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid first medium, and the filtering unit is used for removing impurities in the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid first medium, the dehydration unit is used for dehydrating the high-temperature high-pressure liquid first medium, the flow control valve 70 is connected with the evaporator through a second liquid pipeline 130, and the flow control valve 70 is used for changing the dried, filtered and dehydrated high-temperature high-pressure liquid first medium into a low-temperature low-pressure liquid first medium and sending the low-temperature low-pressure liquid first medium to the evaporator.
The process of refrigerating the sealed cabin by using the vapor compression cycle refrigerating system for the sealed cabin in the vacuum environment specifically comprises the following steps.
Firstly, conveying gas carrying heat in a sealed cabin body to an evaporator through a first gas pipeline 80 under the action of an exhaust fan;
secondly, under the action of the evaporator, transferring the heat of the gas to a liquid first medium with a low boiling point through a heat exchange process, absorbing heat and vaporizing the liquid first medium into a low-temperature low-pressure gaseous first medium, and simultaneously sending the cooled gas into the sealed cabin body again through a second gas pipeline 90 by a blower;
step three, the third power unit 40 is driven by electric power to do work, the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous first medium is sucked in through the third gas pipeline 100, and the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous first medium is compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous first medium by the third power unit 40;
and step four, the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous first medium enters the condenser through the fourth gas pipeline 110, the condenser cools the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous first medium into a high-temperature high-pressure liquid first medium and transfers heat to the second medium in the second medium storage tank 60, the temperature of the second medium rises after heat absorption, and the second medium needs to be replaced when the temperature rises to a certain temperature.
Step five, the cooled high-temperature high-pressure liquid first medium is dried, filtered and dehydrated and then is sent to the flow regulating valve 70 through the first liquid pipeline 120, and the high-temperature high-pressure liquid first medium is converted into a low-temperature low-pressure liquid first medium through the throttling and pressure reducing effects of the flow regulating valve 70;
step six, the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid first medium is re-fed into the evaporator via the second liquid pipe 130 to perform the next refrigeration cycle.
In summary, the present invention provides a vapor compression cycle refrigeration system for a sealed cabin in a vacuum environment, which is capable of solving the problem of condensing working medium in vapor compression cycle refrigeration by a second medium in a second medium storage tank carried by the system without using external air, absorbing heat in the sealed cabin through liquid vaporization refrigeration, achieving the purpose of temperature control by adopting a mode of compressing and recondensing a liquid first medium after vaporization, and being applicable to a sealed cabin with a large heat dissipation capacity.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the orientation words such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and in the case of not making a reverse description, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention; the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A vapor compression cycle refrigeration system for a sealed enclosure in a vacuum environment, said vapor compression cycle refrigeration system comprising:
a first heat exchanger (10), the first heat exchanger (10) comprising a liquid first medium, the first heat exchanger (10) being configured to vaporize the liquid first medium into a low-temperature low-pressure gaseous first medium to absorb heat carried by gas inside the sealed cabin;
a first power unit (20), wherein the first power unit (20) is connected with an inlet of the first heat exchanger (10), and the first power unit (20) is used for sending air in the sealed cabin to the first heat exchanger (10);
a second power unit (30), wherein the second power unit (30) is connected with the outlet of the first heat exchanger (10), and the second power unit (30) is used for sending the cooled gas to the sealed cabin;
a third power unit (40), wherein the third power unit (40) is connected with the first heat exchanger (10), and the third power unit (40) is used for compressing the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous first medium into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous first medium;
the second heat exchanger (50) is connected with the third power unit (40), a second medium is arranged in the second medium storage tank (60), and the second heat exchanger (50) is used for liquefying the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous first medium into a high-temperature high-pressure liquid first medium and transferring heat released by the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous first medium to the second medium;
the flow regulating valve (70) is respectively connected with the first heat exchanger (10) and the second heat exchanger (50), and the flow regulating valve (70) is used for changing the high-temperature high-pressure liquid first medium into a low-temperature low-pressure liquid first medium and sending the low-temperature low-pressure liquid first medium to the first heat exchanger (10).
2. The vapor compression cycle refrigeration system for a sealed cabin in a vacuum environment as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a drying unit connected to the second heat exchanger (50) and the flow regulating valve (70), respectively, for drying the high-temperature high-pressure liquid first medium.
3. The vapor compression cycle refrigeration system for a sealed cabin in a vacuum environment according to claim 2, further comprising a filtering unit connected to the drying unit and the flow regulating valve (70), respectively, for removing impurities from the high temperature and high pressure liquid first medium.
4. The vapor compression cycle refrigeration system for a sealed cabin in a vacuum environment according to claim 3, further comprising a dehydration unit, wherein the dehydration unit is respectively connected with the filtering unit and the flow regulating valve (70), and is used for dehydrating the high-temperature high-pressure liquid first medium.
5. The vapor compression cycle refrigeration system for a sealed cabin in a vacuum environment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second medium is a consumable coolant, and the consumable coolant comprises an ice-water mixture or pure water.
6. The vapor-compression cycle refrigeration system for a sealed enclosure in a vacuum environment of claim 5 wherein the first heat exchanger (10) comprises an evaporator and the second heat exchanger (50) comprises a condenser.
7. The vapor compression cycle refrigeration system for a sealed capsule in a vacuum environment of claim 6, wherein said first power unit (20) comprises an exhaust fan, said second power unit (30) comprises a blower, said third power unit (40) comprises a compressor, and said flow regulating valve (70) comprises a thermal expansion valve or an electronic expansion valve.
8. The vapor compression cycle refrigeration system for sealing a cabin in a vacuum environment of claim 5, further comprising a first gas pipeline (80), a second gas pipeline (90), a third gas pipeline (100) and a fourth gas pipeline (110), wherein the first gas pipeline (80) is connected with the first power unit (20) and the first heat exchanger (10) respectively, the second gas pipeline (90) is connected with the first heat exchanger (10) and the second power unit (20) respectively, the third gas pipeline (100) is connected with the first heat exchanger (10) and the third power unit (40) respectively, and the fourth gas pipeline (110) is connected with the third power unit (40) and the second heat exchanger (50) respectively.
9. The vapor compression cycle refrigeration system for a sealed cabin in a vacuum environment according to claim 8, further comprising a first liquid pipe (120) and a second liquid pipe (130), wherein the first liquid pipe (120) is connected with the second heat exchanger (50) and the flow regulating valve (70), respectively, and the second liquid pipe (130) is connected with the flow regulating valve (70) and the first heat exchanger (10), respectively.
10. A magnetic levitation train, comprising the vapor compression cycle refrigeration system for a sealed enclosure in a vacuum environment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN202010157949.8A CN113371014A (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2020-03-09 | Steam compression cycle refrigeration system for sealed cabin in vacuum environment and train |
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| CN202010157949.8A CN113371014A (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2020-03-09 | Steam compression cycle refrigeration system for sealed cabin in vacuum environment and train |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN203512059U (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2014-04-02 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | High-efficiency spacecraft thermal management system |
| CN105485834A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-13 | 上海宇航系统工程研究所 | Temperature control system of near space sealed cabin |
| CN106766372A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-31 | 国网北京市电力公司 | Heat pump |
| CN108513498A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-09-07 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Phase-change heat storage system of vacuum maglev train |
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2020
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203512059U (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2014-04-02 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | High-efficiency spacecraft thermal management system |
| CN105485834A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-13 | 上海宇航系统工程研究所 | Temperature control system of near space sealed cabin |
| CN106766372A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-31 | 国网北京市电力公司 | Heat pump |
| CN108513498A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-09-07 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Phase-change heat storage system of vacuum maglev train |
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