JPS62113362A - Overvoltage restraining system for fuel cell - Google Patents

Overvoltage restraining system for fuel cell

Info

Publication number
JPS62113362A
JPS62113362A JP60252843A JP25284385A JPS62113362A JP S62113362 A JPS62113362 A JP S62113362A JP 60252843 A JP60252843 A JP 60252843A JP 25284385 A JP25284385 A JP 25284385A JP S62113362 A JPS62113362 A JP S62113362A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
fuel
output
input
overvoltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP60252843A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Naoya Eguchi
直也 江口
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuji Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Priority to JP60252843A priority Critical patent/JPS62113362A/en
Publication of JPS62113362A publication Critical patent/JPS62113362A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04537—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04544—Voltage
    • H01M8/04559—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04858—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04865—Voltage
    • H01M8/0488—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

PURPOSE:To restrain a fuel cell from coming to overvoltage, by controlling the side of galvanic output so as to become larger than that of the input, and making the cell into a state of fuel shortage intentionally at a time when output voltage of the fuel cell becomes more than the allowable value. CONSTITUTION:A fuel cell generating system is constituted of a fuel cell 2, a fuel feeder 1, an inverter 3 and a controller 4. At this time, output voltage of the fuel cell is detected by a voltage detector and this detection value is inputted into the controller 4, and when it is more then the allowable value, balance of input-output energy is adjusted so as to make output WD of the fuel cell 2 larger than input WF. And, the fuel cell 2 is made into a state of fuel shortage intentionally whereby the output voltage of the fuel cell is reduced to some extent. accordingly, there is unnecessary for any other exclusive apparatus, and without entailing any loss as at time of using dummy load, overvoltage in the fuel cell 2 is restrainable.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 この発明は、燃料電池発電システムにおける低出力領域
での燃料電池過電圧抑制方式に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a fuel cell overvoltage suppression method in a low output region in a fuel cell power generation system.

なお、燃料電池は所定の燃料を陰極、酸素を陽極として
電気的還元反応を行なわせることにより、燃焼エネルギ
ーを電気エネルギーに変換するものである。Note that a fuel cell converts combustion energy into electrical energy by performing an electrical reduction reaction using a predetermined fuel as a cathode and oxygen as an anode.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

第３図は一般的な燃料電池発電システムを示す基本構成
図である。FIG. 3 is a basic configuration diagram showing a general fuel cell power generation system.

すなわら、このプラントは燃料電池に燃料および空気を
供給する燃料供給装置１、この燃料にもとづいて直流電
力を発生する燃料電池本体２、この直流出力電力を商用
の交流電力に変換して系統に与えるインバータ３、プラ
ント全体の制御を行なうプラント制（財）装置４および
ダミーロード６等から構成される。In other words, this plant consists of a fuel supply device 1 that supplies fuel and air to a fuel cell, a fuel cell main body 2 that generates DC power based on this fuel, and a system that converts this DC output power into commercial AC power. The plant is comprised of an inverter 3, a plant control system 4 that controls the entire plant, a dummy load 6, and the like.

ところで、か〜る燃料電池は一般に第４図のような垂下
型の電圧・ｔ６流（Ｖ−Ｉ）特性を持ち、その出力（Ｐ
）が定格出力の２５％程度になると、自分自身で出力す
る高い電圧によりその内部の電極が劣化してしまうこと
がある。そこで、第３図の如き燃料電池プラントでは、
燃料電池が過電圧とならないように、プラントの最低出
力値を規定して運転するようにしている。By the way, such a fuel cell generally has a drooping type voltage/t6 current (V-I) characteristic as shown in Figure 4, and its output (P
) becomes about 25% of its rated output, the internal electrodes may deteriorate due to the high voltage it outputs. Therefore, in a fuel cell plant as shown in Figure 3,
To prevent overvoltage of the fuel cells, the plant is operated at a specified minimum output value.

また、燃料電池の電圧・出力（Ｖ−Ｐ）特性は例えば第
５図の如く示されるが、これは燃料電池の温度や燃料の
供給状態等の種々の外部要因により変化し、■の定格曲
線に対して■、■の如く変化する。したがって、直流電
圧の最大許容値をＥｄｃｍａｘとし、これを基準に曲線
０からプラントの最低出力をＰｍ１ｎと決めたとき、上
記の如き外部要因でその特性が■の如くなると、出力Ｐ
ｍ１ｎでは燃料電池電圧がＥｄｃｍａｘ　を越え、過電
圧となるおそれがある。そこで、従来は最低出力Ｐｍ１
ｎを太き目に設定しておくか、あるいは第３図のような
ダミーロード６を投入し、強制的に燃料電池の出力を増
大させて防止するようにしている。In addition, the voltage/output (V-P) characteristics of a fuel cell are shown, for example, as shown in Figure 5, but these vary depending on various external factors such as the temperature of the fuel cell and the state of fuel supply, and the rated curve shown in (■) It changes as shown in ■ and ■. Therefore, if the maximum allowable value of DC voltage is Edcmax and the minimum output of the plant is determined as Pm1n from curve 0 based on this, if the characteristics become as shown in ■ due to the external factors mentioned above, the output P
In m1n, the fuel cell voltage may exceed Edcmax, resulting in an overvoltage. Therefore, conventionally the minimum output Pm1
This can be prevented by setting n to a large value or by introducing a dummy load 6 as shown in FIG. 3 to forcibly increase the output of the fuel cell.

〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕 しかしながら、前者の方式によればプラントの運転領域
が制限されること、また後者の方式によればダミーロー
ドの投入、開放に伴ってプラントが過渡的に変動するこ
とおよびダミーロードによる損失が増大すること等の問
題がある。[Problems to be solved by the invention] However, the former method limits the operating range of the plant, and the latter method causes transient fluctuations in the plant as the dummy load is turned on and off. There are problems such as increased loss due to dummy loading and increased loss due to dummy loading.

したがって、この発明は以上のような問題を発生させる
ことなく、燃料電池の過電圧を簡易に抑制し得る制御方
式を提供することを目的とする。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a control method that can easily suppress overvoltage of a fuel cell without causing the above-mentioned problems.

〔問題点を解決するだめの子役〕[A useless child actor who solves problems]

燃料電池の出力電圧を監視しこれが過電圧レベル以上に
なったときは、燃料電池内に差圧等の問題が生じない範
囲で、燃料電池に供給する燃料相当の出力よりもインバ
ータ出力を敢えて大きくすることにより、燃料電池の入
出カバランスを変化させて燃料不足状態を故意に発生さ
せ、もって過電圧を抑制する。The output voltage of the fuel cell is monitored, and if it exceeds the overvoltage level, the inverter output is intentionally made larger than the output equivalent to the fuel supplied to the fuel cell, within a range that does not cause problems such as differential pressure within the fuel cell. By doing so, the input/output balance of the fuel cell is changed to intentionally cause a fuel shortage state, thereby suppressing overvoltage.

〔作用〕[Effect]

第１図はこの発明の詳細な説明するための参照図である
。FIG. 1 is a reference diagram for explaining the invention in detail.

こ〜に、燃料電池２は供給された燃料と空気から直流電
力を発生し、定常状態では燃料電池の入力エネルギーｗ
Ｆと出力エネルギーｗＤはバランスがとられている。こ
の場合、燃料電池の出力電圧はインバータ３によって決
定されるため、このインバータ３が燃料電池２に供給さ
れているエネルギーに相当する出力以上の電力を取ろう
とすれば、燃料電池２は一時的にガス（燃料）不足と同
様の状態となってその出力電圧が低下する。In this case, the fuel cell 2 generates DC power from the supplied fuel and air, and in a steady state, the input energy of the fuel cell w
F and output energy wD are balanced. In this case, the output voltage of the fuel cell is determined by the inverter 3, so if the inverter 3 attempts to take more power than the output corresponding to the energy being supplied to the fuel cell 2, the fuel cell 2 will temporarily A state similar to a gas (fuel) shortage occurs and the output voltage decreases.

以上の如き原理を利用して過電圧を抑制しようとするの
が、この発明の基本的な考え方である。The basic idea of the present invention is to suppress overvoltage by utilizing the above-mentioned principle.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

第２図はこの発明の実施例を示す構成図である。 FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

なお、同図において、５は燃料電池電圧を検出する直流
電圧検出器であり、その他は第３図と同様である。In the same figure, 5 is a DC voltage detector for detecting the fuel cell voltage, and the other parts are the same as in FIG. 3.

動作を説明する。Explain the operation.

説明を簡単にするため各要素の効率をこ〜では”１”と
仮定し、それぞれのエネルギーの間には以下の如き関係
があるものとする。To simplify the explanation, the efficiency of each element is assumed to be "1" here, and the following relationship exists between each energy.

ｗＦ　＝　ｗＤ　＝　ｗＡ こ〜で、燃料電池２の出力が低下し、その出力電圧Ｅｄ
ｃが許容［Ｅｄｃｍａｘを越えたとすると、このことが
検出器５により検出され、制御装置４に伝えられる。制
御装置４はこのことを知ると、燃料供給装置１およびイ
ンバータ６に与える出力指令値Ｗ？’　、　ＷＡ　　（
畳印にて指令値を示す）を通常は、 ＷＡ″−ＷＦ″′ として与えているのに対し、 ＷＡ　＝ＫＷＦ　　（Ｋ＞１　） として４え、燃料電池２の出力をその入力よりも実質的
に大きくなるようＫする。これにより、燃料電池内部は
燃料不足の状態となり、出力電圧が低下することになる
。なお、このとき燃料電池内部の空気系と燃料系との差
圧が許容限度を越えないように設計するか、あるいは第
２図の如くこの差圧を制（財）装Ｒ４により監視し、そ
の入出力不平衡のレベル調整を行なうようにする。wF = wD = wA At this point, the output of the fuel cell 2 decreases, and its output voltage Ed
If c exceeds the permissible [Edcmax, this is detected by the detector 5 and communicated to the control device 4. When the control device 4 learns this, it sets an output command value W? to be given to the fuel supply device 1 and the inverter 6. ' , WA (
Normally, the command value is given as WA''-WF''', but WA = KWF (K > 1), which makes the output of the fuel cell 2 substantially smaller than its input. K so that it becomes larger. As a result, the inside of the fuel cell becomes in a state of fuel shortage, and the output voltage decreases. At this time, either the design should be such that the differential pressure between the air system and the fuel system inside the fuel cell does not exceed the allowable limit, or this differential pressure should be monitored by the control system R4 as shown in Figure 2. Adjust the level of input/output imbalance.

以上の如き過電圧抑制を目的とする燃料電池入出力のバ
ランス制闘は、通常、調整の容易さ、応答の速さ等から
、燃料供給指令Ｗｒに対してインバータ出力指令ＷＡ”
を変化させることにより行なわれる。また、このような
過電圧抑制方式は、ダミー抵抗を用いる従来方式と併用
することも可能でおる。The balance control of fuel cell input and output for the purpose of suppressing overvoltage as described above is usually performed by controlling the inverter output command WA'' with respect to the fuel supply command Wr due to ease of adjustment, speed of response, etc.
This is done by changing the Moreover, such an overvoltage suppression method can also be used in combination with a conventional method using a dummy resistor.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

この発明によれば、燃料電池の過電圧抑制をプラント制
御装置により燃料電池の入出力エネルギーバランスを？
Ａ整して行なうようにしたので、そのための専用の機器
を必要とせず、ダミーロードを用いる場合のような過渡
変動や損失が生じない等の利点がもたらされるものであ
る。According to this invention, the input/output energy balance of the fuel cell can be controlled by the plant control device to suppress the overvoltage of the fuel cell.
Since this is carried out in a uniform manner, there is no need for any special equipment for this purpose, and there are advantages such as no transient fluctuations or losses that occur when using a dummy load.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図はこの発明の詳細な説明するための原理構成図、
第２図はこの発明の実施例を示す構成図、第３図は一般
的な燃料電池発電システムを示す基本構成図、第４図は
燃料電池の電圧・電流特性を示す特性図、第５図は燃料
電池の電圧・出力特性を示す特性図でちる。 符号説明 １・・・・・・燃料供給装置（ＲＦ）、２・・・・・・
燃料電池（ＦＣ）、３・・・・・・インバータ（ＩＮＶ
）、４・・・・・・プラント制御装置、５・・・・・・
直流電圧検出器、６・・・・・・ダミーロード。 代理人　弁理士　並　木　昭　夫 代理人　弁理士　松　崎　　　　溝 渠１図 ３ｍ ｔｌｔ４ｖ！ＪFIG. 1 is a basic configuration diagram for explaining the detailed explanation of this invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 3 is a basic block diagram showing a general fuel cell power generation system, Fig. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing voltage and current characteristics of the fuel cell, and Fig. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing the voltage/output characteristics of a fuel cell. Code explanation 1...Fuel supply device (RF), 2...
Fuel cell (FC), 3...Inverter (INV)
), 4...Plant control device, 5...
DC voltage detector, 6...Dummy load. Agent Patent Attorney Akio Namiki Agent Patent Attorney Matsuzaki Mizodo 1 Figure 3m tlt4v! J

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 直流電力を発生する燃料電池と、 該燃料電池へ燃料、空気を供給する燃料供給装置と、 前記燃料電池からの直流出力電力を交流電力に変換して
系統に供給するインバータと、 該インバータおよび燃料供給装置の制御を行なう制御装
置と、 からなる燃料電池発電システムにおいて、 前記燃料電池の出力電圧を監視しこれが許容値以上にな
ったときは、前記制御装置により燃料電池出力の方が入
力よりも大きくなるように入出力エネルギーのバランス
を調整し、意図的に燃料電池を燃料不足状態にすること
により、燃料電池出力電圧を低下させることを特徴とす
る燃料電池の過電圧抑制方式。[Scope of Claims] A fuel cell that generates DC power, a fuel supply device that supplies fuel and air to the fuel cell, and an inverter that converts the DC output power from the fuel cell into AC power and supplies it to the grid. and a control device that controls the inverter and the fuel supply device, the fuel cell power generation system comprising: monitoring the output voltage of the fuel cell, and when the output voltage exceeds a permissible value, the control device reduces the fuel cell output. Fuel cell overvoltage suppression characterized by reducing the fuel cell output voltage by adjusting the input/output energy balance so that the input energy is greater than the input energy and intentionally causing the fuel cell to be in a fuel starvation state. method.
JP60252843A 1985-11-13 1985-11-13 Overvoltage restraining system for fuel cell Pending JPS62113362A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60252843A JPS62113362A (en) 1985-11-13 1985-11-13 Overvoltage restraining system for fuel cell

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60252843A JPS62113362A (en) 1985-11-13 1985-11-13 Overvoltage restraining system for fuel cell

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS62113362A true JPS62113362A (en) 1987-05-25

Family

ID=17242955

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP60252843A Pending JPS62113362A (en) 1985-11-13 1985-11-13 Overvoltage restraining system for fuel cell

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS62113362A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008191350A (en) * 2007-02-05 2008-08-21 Yamaha Corp Keyboard apparatus
WO2009066587A1 (en) * 2007-11-21 2009-05-28 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system
US9034495B2 (en) 2007-02-05 2015-05-19 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system
US11876262B2 (en) 2021-03-05 2024-01-16 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Fuel cell power unbalancing to control degradation and improve performance

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008191350A (en) * 2007-02-05 2008-08-21 Yamaha Corp Keyboard apparatus
US9034495B2 (en) 2007-02-05 2015-05-19 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system
WO2009066587A1 (en) * 2007-11-21 2009-05-28 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system
JP2009129639A (en) * 2007-11-21 2009-06-11 Toyota Motor Corp Fuel cell system
JP4591721B2 (en) * 2007-11-21 2010-12-01 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Fuel cell system
US8722266B2 (en) 2007-11-21 2014-05-13 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system
US11876262B2 (en) 2021-03-05 2024-01-16 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Fuel cell power unbalancing to control degradation and improve performance

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