JPS61144506A - Survey instrument of shielding machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To know simultaneously a deflection and a deflection angle of a front position of a shielding machine by providing successively the first and the second half mirrors vertically to an optical axis of a convex lens, by positioning them at the convex lens side from its focus, in front of the convex lens. CONSTITUTION:When a focusing light C for projecting a tunnel plan center line is inclined by an angle alpha against a center shaft 3 of a shielding machine, the light C passes through the second half mirror 9, a part of said light is reflected by the first half mirror 10, and travels to the direction of the second half mirror 9, and on the other hand, the remaining light passes through. Also, as for a light spot which passes first the first mirror 10 placed at a lens 6 side at a distance X from a focus 7 of a convex lens 6 of a focal distance (f) and is irradiated to a target 8, its position is read by a scale plate 11, and its light spot shows a deflection of a point to be measured A. Also, a light spot B' which is reflected once by the second mirror 9, reaches the first mirror 10 and is irradiated to the target 8 is equal to a light spot B which passes through by a distance X from the first mirror 10. The distance from the optical axis of this light spot B' is f.tanalpha which is the same as the spot B.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an improvement in a shield machine surveying device for simultaneously measuring the deflection and declination angle of the shield machine with respect to the planned center line of a shield tunnel in the shield construction method. be.

(Conventional configuration and its problems) Traditionally, shield machine surveys in shield construction work have been carried out using
A target attached to the rear end of the shield machine.

A focused beam of light that projected the center line of the tunnel plan was irradiated onto the target from behind the tunnel, and the scale of the target was read to determine only the deflection of the rear end of the shield machine, and a separate inclinometer was installed to determine the declination angle. .

Recently, two targets have been installed at a certain interval in the trailing tube, and the two targets are irradiated with a focused beam that projects the center axis of the shield machine and the tunnel plan, and the readings are recorded. The deviation and declination of the position in front of the shield construction are calculated by calculation.

Generally, in order to control the direction of a shield machine in tunnel excavation work using the shield method, it is necessary to know the deviation and declination of the tunnel cross-sectional direction with respect to the tunnel planning center line at the forward position on the shield machine center axis. This is because, for example, if the shield machine center axis of the shield machine does not match the planned center line, the tip of the shield machine, that is, the m excavation part, will deviate from the planned center line. In this case, the tunnel will be excavated with a large deviation from the planned line, and therefore, accurate excavation work cannot be performed simply by calculating the deviation of the rear end of the shield machine by i. Also, even if you measure the deflection of the rear end of the shield and the declination of the shield machine, when correcting the direction, the shield machine generally rotates around its center of gravity, so it is necessary to calculate the deflection at the center of gravity. , must be determined by experience.

In order to eliminate this, the present m applicant has developed a durable w3j9-/
As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2961, we have developed a device that can measure deviation and declination simultaneously.

That is, in a device that irradiates a focused beam onto the planned center line of a tunnel to obtain an advantage and a deflection angle of 1111jl of a shield machine, a pair of upper and lower reflecting mirrors each having a reflecting surface tilted with respect to the optical axis of the convex lens is provided in front of a convex lens. An upper target 9 and a lower target having surfaces perpendicular to the optical axis of the convex lens are disposed through the convex lens, and the reflective surface of the upper reflective mirror faces the convex lens, and the reflective surface of the lower reflective mirror faces the convex lens. The upper target is arranged to face the reflecting surface of the upper reflecting mirror, and the upper target is arranged roughly closer to the convex lens than the focal position of the convex lens, and the focused light beam that passes through the convex lens is reflected by the reflecting mirror and reaches the lower target. This is a device in which the distance is made equal to the focus separation of the convex lens, and the convex lens, upper and lower reflectors, and upper and lower targets are attached to a frame and configured integrally.

However, since this device has targets arranged above and below, the vertical width of the entire device becomes large, and there is a problem in that it is difficult to install it inside a small-diameter shield machine.

(Object of the invention) The present invention was made in view of these problems,
Not only the #A in the vertical direction but also the dimension in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel are made extremely small to make the entire device compact, and when attached to the shield machine, it is possible to calculate the deflection and declination of the front position of the shield machine without having to calculate it. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shield machine surveying device that allows simultaneous visual observation.

(Structure of the Invention) In order to achieve the above object, the shield machine surveying device of the present invention measures the dominance and declination angle of the shield machine by irradiating a focused beam parallel to the planned line of the tunnel. A first half mirror and a second half mirror are sequentially disposed in front of a convex lens having a separation distance f and located on the side of the convex lens from the focal point of the convex lens at right angles to the optical axis of the convex lens. A target is placed closely on the half mirror, and the distance between this target and the focal point of the convex lens is t2.
/(f+L) (L is the distance between the convex lens and the measured point)
Then, the distance between the target and the second 8-7 mirror)
/gn (where X is the distance between the focal point of the first half mirror and the convex lens, and n is a positive integer), and the deviation and It is configured to measure the declination angle.

(Description of Embodiments) An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG.
) is attached to the rear end of the shield machine, and the predominance of the tunnel cross-sectional direction with respect to the tunnel plan center line (4) at the measured point 4 on the shield machine center axis (3) and the deviation of the shield machine center axis with respect to the tunnel plan center line direction. A surveying device that measures corners, and has a focused light beam that projects the center of the tunnel plan generated from a focused light beam generator (5) installed at a fixed point at the rear of the tunnel, mounted on the center axis of the shield machine at the rear end of the shield machine. (This is done by irradiating 13.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the surveying device (1) has a convex lens (6) disposed at an appropriate position on a frame (1a), and which convex lens (6) is connected from the focal point (7) to the convex lens (6). A translucent target (8) such as ground glass is placed at a position a distance X closer to the lens side so that the surface of the target (8) is perpendicular to the optical axis of the convex lens (6). The front surface of the target (8) with the scale on the transparent scale plate side is brought into close contact with the center of the scale aligned with the optical axis, and the rear surface (opposite surface) on the convex lens (6) side is attached to the first surface. Half mirrors are arranged with their vapor deposition surfaces in close contact with each other.

Furthermore, between the target foot (8) and the convex lens (6),
A second half mirror (9) is disposed in series in parallel with the target (8) at a distance from the target (8).

The distance X mentioned above is the dimension from the lens surface of the target (8) to the focal point of the convex lens (6), and the distance
The vapor deposition surface of (9) is arranged at a distance of x/2 from target 9) (8).

In addition, a light source (b) is placed on the side of the scale plate (6), and the light enters the scale plate (6) and is totally reflected within the scale plate (b) so that only the scale is 1 ml). It is made to shine brightly.

2) is a television camera installed in front of the scale plate (6) (on the opposite side from the convex lens) to read the scale. This holding member (B) is screwed onto a thread provided on the inner circumferential surface of the frame body (A) so that it can be moved in the optical axis direction, and the distance from the target foot (8) can be adjusted. It's Nishide.

Roughly speaking, the target (8) is attached to a support tube fixed within the frame (la), and a holder (e) of the second half mirror (9) is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the support tube. It is mounted so that it can be moved and adjusted in the optical axis direction.

The measuring device (1) configured as above is attached to the rear end of the shield machine (2) as described above, and as shown in Figure 3, the optical axis of the convex lens (5)) is aligned with the central axis of the shield machine. (3
), and the central axis (3
) Focus on tunnel planning at turbidity point 4 above! (4) The amount of deviation in the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel and the declination angle of the shield machine are measured.

Now, a case will be explained in which the central axis (3) of the shield machine is inclined by an angle ■ with respect to the tunnel planning center M (4), and there is no deviation at the measured point (6) in front of the shield machine.

When the focused light beam 1i (0) generated from the focused light beam generating device (5) and projecting the tunnel plan center line is inclined by an angle with respect to the shield machine center axis (3), the focused light beam (C) is the shield machine center axis (3) and the convex lens (6)
When it passes through a convex lens (6) that makes the optical axes (b) coincide with each other and has a focal point rejection (f), the focused light! ! (0) is refracted and passes through the second half mirror (9), reaches the first half mirror (■), and a part of it is reflected, and the reflected light beam is directed toward the second half mirror (9). while the remaining rays pass through.

All the rays incident parallel to the optical axis (b) of the convex lens (6), when passing through the first half mirror (1), will be directed toward the optical axis at the focal position of the convex lens (6) if there are no other obstacles. On a right-angled plane, all rays converge at the focal point, but all incident rays that are inclined by an angle of
7) Pass through point B, which is far away from

Also, the focused light is refracted through the convex lens (6)! ! (0
) and the optical axis (b) of the convex lens (6) is (A), and the distance between the convex lens (6) and the point to be measured (angle is L),
(The distance from the focal point (7) of the convex lens (6) to point At is f2/(f+L). In this equation, since f and L are constants, X is also a constant, and point A is the measured point. (3)
This represents the deviation of

Therefore, at a distance X from the focal point (7), the convex lens (6)
The position of the light spot that first passes through the seventh half mirror (2) placed on the side and is irradiated onto the target (8) is read by the scale of the scale plate (11). The light spot represents the deviation of the point A to be measured, and its deviation position is reduced to a distance M which is 8·t/<t+L) from the center of the scale plate (6). Therefore, the center point of the scale plate (6) has a radius of 8'・f/ (f+L, ) (Go is / On,,
If a scale of concentric circles of 20n""" (expressing numerical values at regular intervals) is attached, the deviation at the measured point (6) can be immediately determined by reading the scale of the irradiation point of the focused light (0). You can find the quantity.

Next, some of the light rays reflected by the first half mirror (■) reach the second half mirror (9) and pass through, but the remaining light rays are reflected by the second half mirror (9). 7th
Reach the half mirror ■. And the seventh half mirror
The light beam that has passed through ■ is irradiated as a light spot on the target (8), and by repeating such reflection and passage, the light spot is irradiated onto the target (8) on a straight line as points at regular intervals in the direction of the incident angle. appear.

At this time, if the distance between the first half mirror (g) and the second half mirror (9) is /2, then the second half mirror
(9), reaches the first half mirror (7), and illuminates the target (8), that is, the target
8) The second light spot B on the top is the first half mirror (4)
The light point at a point passing by a distance @X from , that is, equal to the light point β below the focal point (7) described above. This second tr light point B
The distance from the optical axis of ' is the same as point B.

Therefore, it is distanced from the optical axis by retancL, and the radius is fta with the center of the scale plate (b) as the center point.
If a scale of concentric circles of n d+ (da represents angles at regular intervals such as jo, 1o0---1) is attached, the declination angle of the shield machine can be immediately determined by reading the scale of the irradiation point. can.

Note that the distance between the first and second half mirrors (9) and (1) is not only I/, but also x/2n (n is a positive integer)
Then, the (n+1)th light spot irradiated onto the target represents the angle d.

The number of light spots irradiated on the target (8) in this way is 7
They are arranged in a straight line sequentially at a constant interval in the incident direction from the th light spot, but the size and brightness of these light spots also change to a certain degree.

In other words, the size gradually decreases up to the (n+1)th, but gradually increases after the (n+2)th, while the brightness is determined by the relationship between the degree of light transmission through the half mirror and the degree of light convergence by the lens. The change is not clear up to the (n+1)th, but it gradually decreases after the (n+2)th. From this relationship between the size of the light spot and the brightness,
The 1st and (n+1)th light points can be distinguished by the scale raised by the light source (b)) and the TV camera), and the deviation (larger l-th light point) and declination angle (the smallest (n+1)th light spot) can be read.

Also, the distance Il between the convex lens (6) and the second half mirror (9)! By adjusting ill accordingly, i.e.
= It can also respond to changes in the measured point A of the Niru machine.

In general, by making the target (8) a photoelectric detection device with fixed coordinates, it is possible to electrically measure deflection and declination, and it can also be used for automatic shield operation. .

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the shield machine surveying device of the present invention,
Not only can the deflection and declination of the front part of the shield machine be measured simultaneously with one device, but the first half mirror is placed closer to the lens than the focal point of the lens. Since the length can be shortened and both deflection and declination can be measured with a single target, the width of the entire device can be made small, making it compact and easy to use as a small-diameter shield machine. It can be installed on.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 1 is a vertical side view thereof, Fig. 2 is a simplified side view showing the surveying state, Fig. 3 is a diagram explaining the principle, and Fig. μ is a front view of the target. be.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a device that measures the deflection and declination of a shield machine by irradiating a focused beam parallel to the planned line of the tunnel, the focus rejection f
In front of the convex lens, a first half mirror and a second half mirror are sequentially disposed at right angles to the optical axis of the convex lens, and are positioned on the convex lens side from the focal point of the convex lens, and the first half mirror is located in front of the convex lens. The target is placed closely, and the distance between this target and the focal point of the convex lens is f^2/(f
+L) (where L is the distance between the convex lens and the measured point), and the distance between the target and the second half mirror by X/2n(
A shield surveying device characterized in that X is the distance between the focal point of the first half mirror and the convex lens, and n is a positive integer.