JPH05296768A - Direction measuring device for shield machine - Google Patents

Direction measuring device for shield machine

Info

Publication number
JPH05296768A
JPH05296768A JP28097491A JP28097491A JPH05296768A JP H05296768 A JPH05296768 A JP H05296768A JP 28097491 A JP28097491 A JP 28097491A JP 28097491 A JP28097491 A JP 28097491A JP H05296768 A JPH05296768 A JP H05296768A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
convex lens
target
shield machine
half mirror
total reflection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP28097491A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0711422B2 (en
Inventor
Tadashi Kono
正 河野
Kunio Toyama
邦雄 遠山
Toru Yamashita
徹 山下
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tekken Corp
Original Assignee
Tekken Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tekken Corp filed Critical Tekken Corp
Priority to JP28097491A priority Critical patent/JPH0711422B2/en
Publication of JPH05296768A publication Critical patent/JPH05296768A/en
Publication of JPH0711422B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0711422B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a shield machine's direction measuring device being compact in size and lighter in weight and easy in operation as well as easy in manufacturing, inexpensive in cost and excellent in measuring accuracy. CONSTITUTION:This device is provided with a target means equipped with a first convex lens installed in a ray-incident aperture, a half mirror being set up in the front and tilted as far as 45 deg. to the optical axis, and a first target being situated on the route of a reflected light by this half mirror and having a second convex lens. In addition, this means is provided with a first total reflection mirror being situated on the route of a ray of light transmitted through the half mirror and installed at a right angle with the optical axis of the first convex lens, a second total reflection mirror installed in the lower part of the half mirror 6 as tilted as far as 45 degrees in a direction in reverse to it, and a second target being installed at a right angle with the optical axis of a reflected light in front of the former and having a third convex lens, respectively.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、シールド機の設計路
線からの偏位、偏角を測定するための方向測定装置に関
する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a direction measuring device for measuring a deviation and a deviation angle of a shield machine from a design line.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来この種の装置は、図1に示すこの発
明の実施例と共通の部分があるので、これを参照して説
明すると、これはシールド機1の後方にその掘進方向に
向けて集束光線例えばレーザー光線を照射するレーザー
照射器2を配設し、シールド機1内にレーザー光線を受
光するターゲット装置3を配設している。そしてこのタ
ーゲット装置3は、図5に示すようにシールド機1の軸
線に対して、直角に配設された前後2枚のくもりガラス
板等からなるターゲット21a,21bを具え、測定の際
に一方のターゲット21aに形成されたレーザー光線の
光点をマトリックステレビカメラ22によって看取すべ
く、他方のターゲット21bを上昇させ、ついで他方のタ
ーゲット21bに形成された光点をテレビカメラ22によっ
て看取すべくこのターゲット21bを下降させ、両ターゲ
ット21a,21bに形成された2つの光点からシールド機
1の方向を測定している。この場合両ターゲット21a,
21bにおいて、X−Y座標を考え、シールド機1が設計
路線上の正規の位置にあるときは、両ターゲット21a,
21bに図4に示すようなX−Y座標の原点に対応した光
点O,O′が形成されるが、シールド機1が偏向したと
きは、光点A,Bが形成される。図4において光点Aの
座標を(Xa,Ya)、光点Bの座標を(Xb,Yb)
とすると、ターゲット21aの取付位置でのシールド機1
のX方向偏位はXa、同様にY方向偏位はYaとなる。
またシールド機1のX,Y方向偏角αx,αyは、両タ
ーゲット21a,21b間の間隔(光路差)をlとすると、
次式(1)、(2)からそれぞれ求められる。
2. Description of the Related Art A conventional device of this type has a part in common with the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1. Therefore, referring to it, it is directed to the rear of the shield machine 1 in the direction of excavation thereof. A laser irradiator 2 for irradiating a focused light beam, for example, a laser light beam is arranged, and a target device 3 for receiving the laser light beam is arranged in the shield machine 1. As shown in FIG. 5, the target device 3 includes targets 21a and 21b composed of two front and rear fog glass plates and the like arranged at right angles to the axis of the shield machine 1, and one of them is used for measurement. In order to see the light spot of the laser beam formed on the target 21a by the matrix TV camera 22, the other target 21b is raised, and then the light spot formed on the other target 21b is watched by the TV camera 22. The target 21b is lowered, and the direction of the shield machine 1 is measured from the two light spots formed on both the targets 21a and 21b. In this case both targets 21a,
In 21b, considering the XY coordinates, when the shield machine 1 is at the regular position on the design route, both targets 21a,
Light spots O and O'corresponding to the origin of XY coordinates are formed at 21b, but when the shield machine 1 is deflected, light spots A and B are formed. In FIG. 4, the coordinates of the light spot A are (Xa, Ya) and the coordinates of the light spot B are (Xb, Yb).
Then, the shield machine 1 at the mounting position of the target 21a
The X-direction deviation of X is Xa, and similarly the Y-direction deviation is Ya.
Further, the X- and Y-direction deflection angles αx, αy of the shield machine 1 are given by the following formula:
It is obtained from the following equations (1) and (2), respectively.

【数式】[Formula]

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする問題点】しかしながら前記の
ような従来の装置では、両ターゲット21a,21bに形成
された光点を看取するためのマトリックステレビカメラ
22、ターゲット21bを昇降させるための駆動機構を必要
とし、装置が複雑になるだけでなくて高価になり、さら
に高精度の測定がえられにくいという問題があった。
However, in the conventional apparatus as described above, a matrix television camera for observing the light spots formed on both targets 21a and 21b.
22. A drive mechanism for raising and lowering the target 21b is required, which not only complicates the apparatus but also makes it expensive, and it is difficult to obtain highly accurate measurement.

【0004】この発明の目的は、前記のような従来の装
置のもつ問題を解決し、構造が簡単で安価に製作するこ
とができ、しかも微小の偏位、偏角量をも精度よく測定
することのできるシールド機の方向測定装置を提供する
にある。
An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the conventional device as described above, to make the structure simple and to manufacture at a low cost, and also to measure minute deviations and deviations with high accuracy. (EN) Provided is a direction measuring device for a shield machine which can be used.

【0005】[0005]

【問題点を解決するための手段】前記のような目的を達
成するために、この発明は、シールド機の後方に設置さ
れて掘進方向に向けて集束光線を照射する照射器と、シ
ールド機内に設置されるターゲット装置とを具えたシー
ルド機の方向測定装置において、前記ターゲット装置は
前記集束光線の入射窓に設けられた第1凸レンズと、こ
の第1凸レンズの前方に配置されてその光軸に対して45
度傾斜したハーフミラーと、このハーフミラーによって
反射した集束光線の進路上に位置し、第2凸レンズを有
する第1ターゲットと、ハーフミラーを通過した集束光
線の進路上に位置し、第1凸レンズ5の光軸に対して直
角に配設された第1全反射ミラーと、ハーフミラーの下
方において、それとは逆方向に45度傾斜して配設されて
いる第2全反射ミラーと、第2全反射ミラーの前方に反
射光の光軸に対して直角に配設されていて、第3凸レン
ズを有する第2ターゲットとを具えているケーシングを
有し、前記第1、第2ターゲットはその表面にマトリッ
クス状に配列された多数の受光素子を有していることを
特徴とするものである。
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an irradiator installed at the rear of a shield machine for irradiating a focused light beam in the direction of excavation and a shield machine. In a direction measuring device of a shield machine comprising a target device to be installed, the target device is provided with a first convex lens provided in an incident window of the focused light beam, and is arranged in front of the first convex lens and is arranged on an optical axis thereof. To 45
A half mirror inclined by a degree, a first target having a second convex lens positioned on the path of the focused light beam reflected by the half mirror, and a first target lens having a second convex lens positioned on the path of the focused light beam passing through the half mirror. The first total reflection mirror arranged at right angles to the optical axis of the second mirror, the second total reflection mirror arranged below the half mirror and inclined in the opposite direction by 45 degrees, and the second total reflection mirror. The casing is provided in front of the reflecting mirror at a right angle to the optical axis of the reflected light, and has a casing including a second target having a third convex lens, and the first and second targets are on the surface thereof. It is characterized in that it has a large number of light receiving elements arranged in a matrix.

【0006】[0006]

【作用】レーザー光線のような集束光線が第1凸レンズ
を経て、ハーフミラーにおいて該光線の一部を反射する
とともに残部を透過し、反射光線は第2凸レンズを経て
第1ターゲットに照射され、透過光線は第1全反射ミラ
ー、ハーフミラー、第2全反射ミラーによって反射さ
れ、第3凸レンズを経て第2ターゲットに照射され、こ
れらの光線により第1、第2ターゲットの表面にマトリ
ックス状に配列された多数の受光素子が出力を発生し、
この出力を発生した受光素子の座標位置からシールド機
の偏位及び偏角が求められる。
A focused light beam such as a laser beam passes through the first convex lens, reflects a part of the light beam at the half mirror and transmits the rest, and the reflected light beam is irradiated to the first target through the second convex lens, and the transmitted light beam. Is reflected by the first total reflection mirror, the half mirror, and the second total reflection mirror, is irradiated onto the second target through the third convex lens, and these rays are arranged in a matrix on the surfaces of the first and second targets. A large number of light receiving elements generate output,
The deflection and deflection angle of the shield machine can be obtained from the coordinate position of the light receiving element that generated this output.

【0007】[0007]

【実施例】図1に示すこの発明の実施例は、前記したと
おりであり、図2には、この実施例におけるターゲット
装置3が示されており、このターゲット装置3は、レー
ザー光線L0の入射窓に第1凸レンズ5が設けられたケ
ーシング4を有し、このケーシング4内にはハーフミラ
ー6、第1、第2凸レンズ9,10がそれぞれ設けられた
第1、第2ターゲット7,8、第1全反射ミラー11、第
2全反射ミラー12が配設されている。第1凸レンズ5
は、その光軸がシールド機1の軸線と一致するか、又は
平行となるように配設され、ハーフミラー6は第1凸レ
ンズ5の光軸上にあって、該光軸に対して45度傾斜して
配設されている。第1ターゲット7は、ハーフミラー6
に対してシールド機1の半径方向上方にあって第2凸レ
ンズ9を有し、第1凸レンズ5の光軸に対して平行に配
設されている。第1全反射ミラー11はハーフミラー6の
前方において、第1凸レンズ5の光軸に対して直角に配
設され、第2全反射ミラー12はハーフミラー6の下方に
おいて、それとは逆方向に45度傾斜して配設され、第2
ターゲット8は、第2全反射ミラー12の前方に反射光の
光軸に対して直角に配設され、第3凸レンズ10を有して
いる。第1、第2ターゲット7,8は、図3に示すよう
に、表面にフォトダイオード等からなる多数の受光素子
Pがマトリック状に配列され、各受光素子Pはレーザー
光線を受光すると出力信号を発生し、この出力信号は図
示しない演算処理装置に入力されるようになっている。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is as described above, and FIG. 2 shows the target device 3 in this embodiment. The target device 3 receives the laser beam L 0 . It has a casing 4 in which a window is provided with a first convex lens 5, and in this casing 4, a half mirror 6, first and second targets 7, 8 in which first and second convex lenses 9 and 10 are respectively provided, A first total reflection mirror 11 and a second total reflection mirror 12 are provided. First convex lens 5
Is arranged so that its optical axis coincides with or is parallel to the axis of the shield machine 1, and the half mirror 6 is on the optical axis of the first convex lens 5 and is 45 degrees with respect to the optical axis. It is arranged to be inclined. The first target 7 is the half mirror 6
On the other hand, the second convex lens 9 is provided above the shield machine 1 in the radial direction, and is arranged parallel to the optical axis of the first convex lens 5. The first total reflection mirror 11 is arranged in front of the half mirror 6 at right angles to the optical axis of the first convex lens 5, and the second total reflection mirror 12 is below the half mirror 6 and in the opposite direction. The second is arranged at an angle
The target 8 is disposed in front of the second total reflection mirror 12 at a right angle to the optical axis of the reflected light, and has a third convex lens 10. As shown in FIG. 3, each of the first and second targets 7 and 8 has a large number of light receiving elements P, such as photodiodes, arranged in a matrix, and each light receiving element P generates an output signal when receiving a laser beam. However, this output signal is input to an arithmetic processing unit (not shown).

【0008】第1凸レンズ5を通過してターゲット装置
3内に入射したレーザー光線L0は、ハーフミラー6に
よって一部が反射するとともに残部が透過し、反射レー
ザー光線L1は第2凸レンズ9を経て第1ターゲット7
に照射され、透過レーザー光線L2は第1全反射ミラー1
1によって反射したうえ、ハーフミラー6によって反射
し、さらに第2全反射ミラー12によって反射したうえ、
第3凸レンズ10を経て第2ターゲット8に照射される。
これらの光線により第1、第2ターゲット7,8の表面
にマトリックス状に配列された多数の受光素子Pが出力
を発生し、この出力を発生した受光素子Pの座標位置か
らシールド機1の偏位及び偏角が求められる。この際シ
ールド機1が設計路線上の正規の位置にあるときは、第
1、第2ターゲット7,8において、X−Y座標の原点
に対応した受光素子Pが出力を発生するが、シールド機
1が偏向したときは、第1、第2ターゲット7,8にお
いて、X−Y座標の原点からずれた受光素子Pが出力を
発生する。後者の場合、照射された受光素子Pの座標位
置から従来と同様にしてシールド機1のX,Y方向偏位
及びX,Y方向偏角が求められる。この場合第1,第2
全反射ミラー11,12があることにより、第1、第2ター
ゲット7,8の光路間の差、すなわち前記の式(1)、
(2)における光路差lが大きくなるので、その結果測
定精度が良好となる。
The laser beam L 0 which has passed through the first convex lens 5 and is incident on the target device 3 is partially reflected by the half mirror 6 and the rest is transmitted, and the reflected laser beam L 1 passes through the second convex lens 9 and then passes through the second convex lens 9. 1 target 7
And the transmitted laser beam L 2 is applied to the first total reflection mirror 1
In addition to being reflected by 1, reflected by the half mirror 6, and further reflected by the second total reflection mirror 12,
It is irradiated onto the second target 8 through the third convex lens 10.
A large number of light receiving elements P arranged in a matrix on the surfaces of the first and second targets 7 and 8 generate outputs by these light rays, and the shield machine 1 is deviated from the coordinate position of the light receiving elements P that generated this output. The position and declination are required. At this time, when the shield machine 1 is located at the proper position on the design route, the light receiving element P corresponding to the origin of the XY coordinates generates an output in the first and second targets 7 and 8, but the shield machine 1 When 1 is deflected, in the first and second targets 7 and 8, the light receiving element P deviated from the origin of the XY coordinates generates an output. In the latter case, the X, Y direction deviation and the X, Y direction deviation angle of the shield machine 1 are obtained from the coordinate position of the irradiated light receiving element P as in the conventional case. In this case the first and second
Since the total reflection mirrors 11 and 12 are provided, the difference between the optical paths of the first and second targets 7 and 8, that is, the equation (1),
Since the optical path difference l in (2) becomes large, the measurement accuracy becomes good as a result.

【0009】[0009]

【発明の効果】この発明は、前記のようであって、シー
ルド機内に設置されて照射器からの集束光線が入射する
ターゲット装置が、集束光線の入射窓に設けられた第1
凸レンズと、この第1凸レンズの前方に配置されてその
光軸に対して45度傾斜したハーフミラーと、このハーフ
ミラーによって反射した集束光線の進路上に位置し、第
2凸レンズを有する第1ターゲットと、ハーフミラーを
通過した集束光線の進路上に位置し、第1凸レンズの光
軸に対して直角に配設された第1全反射ミラーと、ハー
フミラー6の下方において、それとは逆方向に45度傾斜
して配設されている第2全反射ミラーと、第2全反射ミ
ラーの前方に反射光の光軸に対して直角に配設されてい
て、第3凸レンズを有する第2ターゲットとを具え、第
1、第2ターゲットはその表面にマトリックス状に配列
された多数の受光素子を有しているので、従来のこの種
の装置のように、テレビカメラやターゲットを移動する
ための駆動機構を必要とすることがなく、したがって装
置全体を小型にして軽量とすることができて操作が容易
であるのに加えて製作が容易で安価であり、また第1、
第2、第3凸レンズによって、各ターゲットごとに入射
光線の基準値ラインからのずれ量を拡大することが可能
となって測定精度が向上するのに加えて、第1、第2全
反射ミラーによって、第1、第2ターゲットの光路の光
路差が大きくなるので、さらに測定精度を良好にすると
いう効果がある。
According to the present invention, as described above, the first target device installed in the shield machine and on which the focused light beam from the irradiator is incident is provided in the focused light beam entrance window.
A convex lens, a half mirror disposed in front of the first convex lens and inclined by 45 degrees with respect to the optical axis thereof, and a first target having a second convex lens located on the path of the focused light beam reflected by the half mirror. And a first total reflection mirror, which is located on the path of the focused light beam that has passed through the half mirror and is disposed at a right angle to the optical axis of the first convex lens, and below the half mirror 6 in the opposite direction. A second total reflection mirror that is arranged at an angle of 45 degrees; and a second target that is arranged in front of the second total reflection mirror at a right angle to the optical axis of the reflected light and that has a third convex lens. Since the first and second targets have a large number of light receiving elements arranged in a matrix on the surface thereof, the drive for moving the television camera or the target is performed like the conventional device of this type. Mechanism required Therefore, the whole device can be made compact and lightweight, and the operation is easy, and in addition, it is easy and inexpensive to manufacture.
With the second and third convex lenses, it is possible to increase the amount of deviation of the incident ray from the reference value line for each target and improve the measurement accuracy. In addition, the first and second total reflection mirrors are used. Since the optical path difference between the optical paths of the first and second targets becomes large, there is an effect that the measurement accuracy is further improved.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】この発明の実施例の概略正面図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of an embodiment of the present invention.

【図2】同上のターゲット装置の縦断正面図である。FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional front view of the above target device.

【図3】同上のターゲットの正面図である。FIG. 3 is a front view of the above target.

【図4】光点の位置を座標で示す説明図である。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the position of a light spot in coordinates.

【図5】従来のこの種の装置の概略正面図である。FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of a conventional device of this type.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 シールド機 2 レーザー照射器 3 ターゲット装置 5 第1凸レンズ 6 ハーフミラー 7 第1ターゲット 8 第2ターゲット 9 第2凸レンズ 10 第3凸レンズ 11 第1全反射ミラー 12 第2全反射ミラー 1 shield machine 2 laser irradiator 3 target device 5 first convex lens 6 half mirror 7 first target 8 second target 9 second convex lens 10 third convex lens 11 first total reflection mirror 12 second total reflection mirror

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 シールド機の後方に設置されて掘進方向
に向けて集束光線を照射する照射器と、シールド機内に
設置されるターゲット装置とを具えたシールド機の方向
測定装置において、前記ターゲット装置は前記集束光線
の入射窓に設けられた第1凸レンズと、この第1凸レン
ズの前方に配置されてその光軸に対して45度傾斜したハ
ーフミラーと、このハーフミラーによって反射した集束
光線の進路上に位置し、第2凸レンズを有する第1ター
ゲットと、ハーフミラーを透過した集束光線の進路上に
位置し、第1凸レンズ5の光軸に対して直角に配設され
た第1全反射ミラーと、ハーフミラーの下方において、
それとは逆方向に45度傾斜して配設されている第2全反
射ミラーと、第2全反射ミラーの前方に反射光の光軸に
対して直角に配設されていて、第3凸レンズを有する第
2ターゲットとを具えているケーシングを有し、前記第
1、第2ターゲットはその表面にマトリックス状に配列
された多数の受光素子を有していることを特徴とするシ
ールド機の方向測定装置。
1. A direction measuring apparatus for a shield machine, comprising: an irradiator installed behind the shield machine to irradiate a focused light beam in a direction of excavation; and a target apparatus installed in the shield machine. Is a first convex lens provided in the entrance window of the focused light beam, a half mirror disposed in front of the first convex lens and inclined by 45 degrees with respect to the optical axis thereof, and a path of the focused light beam reflected by the half mirror. A first target having a second convex lens, which is positioned above, and a first total reflection mirror which is positioned on the path of the focused light beam that has passed through the half mirror and is disposed at a right angle to the optical axis of the first convex lens 5. And under the half mirror,
The second total reflection mirror is arranged at an angle of 45 degrees in the opposite direction, and the third convex lens is arranged in front of the second total reflection mirror at a right angle to the optical axis of the reflected light. And a second target having a casing, wherein the first and second targets have a large number of light receiving elements arranged in a matrix on the surface thereof. apparatus.
JP28097491A 1991-10-28 1991-10-28 Shield machine direction measuring device Expired - Lifetime JPH0711422B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP28097491A JPH0711422B2 (en) 1991-10-28 1991-10-28 Shield machine direction measuring device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP28097491A JPH0711422B2 (en) 1991-10-28 1991-10-28 Shield machine direction measuring device

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP13079487A Division JPS63293408A (en) 1987-05-26 1987-05-26 Direction measuring instrument for shield machine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH05296768A true JPH05296768A (en) 1993-11-09
JPH0711422B2 JPH0711422B2 (en) 1995-02-08

Family

ID=17632495

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP28097491A Expired - Lifetime JPH0711422B2 (en) 1991-10-28 1991-10-28 Shield machine direction measuring device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0711422B2 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999022201A1 (en) * 1997-10-29 1999-05-06 Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. Position measuring apparatus and optical deflection angle measuring apparatus for underground excavators
CN109681217A (en) * 2019-01-25 2019-04-26 黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 Exempt from the real-time observation type double-shielded TBM that opens a window

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999022201A1 (en) * 1997-10-29 1999-05-06 Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. Position measuring apparatus and optical deflection angle measuring apparatus for underground excavators
US6480289B1 (en) 1997-10-29 2002-11-12 Hitachi Construction Machinery Co. Ltd. Position measuring apparatus and optical deflection angle measuring apparatus for underground excavators
CN109681217A (en) * 2019-01-25 2019-04-26 黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 Exempt from the real-time observation type double-shielded TBM that opens a window

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0711422B2 (en) 1995-02-08

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