JPS60216872A - Screening apparatus of granules - Google Patents

Abstract

In the case of an apparatus for cleaning grits, which has a plurality of superimposed screen layers, which can be vibrated by means of at least one unbalance exciter and with an inlet or outlet for the product inlet or screen discharge arranged at one end, collecting means with adjustable setting flaps for the screenings, as well as an air circulation through the screen layers over an air distribution chamber in a suction collecting channel adjustable by means of adjusting flaps, it is provided that the apparatus is constructed as a stand with a stand head, a stand base and a vertical intermediate support connecting said two parts, the screen layers being constructed as a dust box and being vibratably supported in the vicinity of the stand base, the stand top being formed by the upper air distribution chamber.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention provides stratification (pu tz
en) a device for treating a plurality of sieve layers which are arranged one on top of the other and which can be subjected to a vibratory movement by at least one unharness vibration generator, each of which is assigned to this sieve layer on one end side; Introduced products and isolates (Siebabs top)
an inlet and an outlet for and a receiving device for collecting screened-out material and for guiding the air through the sieve layer and through the upper air distribution chamber into the suction collection channel. and air guide means adjustable by means of flaps.

[Conventional technology]

This type of equipment for processing granules in boxes is a special machine used almost exclusively in grain mills, by means of which the granules and grains are removed from the respective feed of product. Separated corn grains are sorted. The main function of this machine is to separate the granules into particles with the largest possible particle size range (refined grains, mixed products, lightweight products, special products such as cooking grains, germs, etc.). In this case, it is ensured that as much refined grain as possible is obtained, that fluctuations in product production capacity do not have an adverse effect on the quality of work, and that the respective machine settings are adjusted during the work process. Nothing should be changed without intention.

According to the principles of industrial processing technology, it is conceivable to produce the individual components by means of a plurality of different separation systems, for which the following factors are the main criteria:

Heavy substances, sinking rate of substances in air streams, size of superior substances.

Other processing techniques use pulsed air fluidized beds, centrifugal screens, sieves, blast screens, and other devices to achieve the desired objectives. While heating these devices are not suitable for improving grain sieving machines. The very specific requirements for obtaining grain have already been met to a certain extent effectively only by grain sieving machines which have been known for a long time. It is clear that in the field of grain sifting machines, as in many other fields of technology, it is extremely difficult to make an entirely new and important invention and to put it into practical application.

In the meantime, the structural and functional aspects of the known grain sieving machines have developed to such an extent that, at least with regard to their overall concept, the industry can no longer expect any further improvement.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a grain sieving machine which operates particularly quietly compared to conventional grain sieving machines, which is easy to manufacture and which can be approached satisfactorily. be.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem in a device of the type mentioned at the outset, it has been proposed according to the invention that the sheave layer is constructed as a box and is supported on support means so as to be able to vibrate downwards. .

[Functions and effects of the invention]

This measure provides, first of all, a "free space" above the sieve box for easy access for the operator, thus making it especially clear not only about the equipment itself, but also about its surrounding area. A simple form makes it possible to clean and maintain the state.

If such a solution according to the present invention is taken,
Because the sieve layer, which is designed as a sieving box, is mounted so that it can vibrate downwards, a particularly quiet and vibration-free operation of the entire device is achieved. In conventional conventional machines in which upward support is provided by way of suspension on the machine casing, the casing has to absorb the vibrations generated, which results in relatively noisy operating conditions.

In contrast, according to the measures of the invention, the device casing only needs to absorb much less recoil force, so that the casing in this case not only reduces the overall weight of the device, but also has an open configuration. A lightweight structure can be used that allows for style and thus ease of approach. In the present invention, the box-by-box vibrations to be absorbed are directed downwards, so that the machine casing can be kept perfectly vibration-free.

In the sieving machine according to the invention, a sieve layer configured as a sieving box is fixed to a support having support legs, a support ridge and a straight central column connecting both. In this case, it is particularly advantageous if the upper air distribution chamber is constituted by the support ridge itself or if the air distribution chamber forms the support ridge. Furthermore, the sieve layer, which is designed as a sieve box, is preferably mounted in a vibrating manner on the support base. In addition, in the sieving machine according to the invention which is constructed as a compound machine, it is particularly effective if one central column is provided at each of the front end and the rear end of the support.

Furthermore, according to a particularly advantageous embodiment B of the invention, the separate sieve box is supported via a spring system, which gives the entire vibrating arrangement two additional degrees of freedom with respect to its vibratory movement. It will be done.

In this case, it is advantageous if the spring system is provided with hollow rubber springs, each with a steel spring or a rubber joint, so that the vibration generator can be rigidly connected to the sieving box or box, and yet First, it is also possible to adjust the direction of action of the force of the vibration generator. Furthermore, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the sieving box is constructed as a vibratory component, such as a free vibrating body, which can be vibrated on both end faces and, in particular, 4, which is supported downwardly on the support leg.

Furthermore, according to an advantageous further embodiment of the invention, which is designed as a double machine, the double conveyor trough, which oscillates in the same direction as the sieving box, can oscillate on the support base independently of the sieving box. is supported by. In this case, it is advantageous if the sieving box and the vibrating double conveyor trough are driven by a common unbalanced vibration generator and are rigidly connected either to the sieving box or to the unbalanced vibration generator, and to generate unbalanced vibrations. The direction of action of the force of the generator is adjustable. To increase the vibration stroke in this case,
If it is possible to drive the vibrating double conveying trough by means of a vibrating unit via a lever joint, so that the receiving device can be vibrated from the side of the sieving box via an end support by means of a drive lever and a column. The pivot position of the lever on the end support is made variable in order to adjust the throwing distance, similar to that on the post.

Since the direction of force in the vibration generator is adjustable, the direction and intensity of the vibration applied to the beginning and end of the sieving box can be controlled by selecting the direction of force in relation to the center of gravity of the vibrating unit. It is shown that it can be adjusted as necessary. As mentioned above, the same unbalance can be avoided if the receiving device is supported via a lever system that can be vibrated from one side. Regardless of the fact that the vibration generator is used to generate the vibrations, it is possible to adjust the amplitude independently of the vibration movement of the sieving box.

In a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, the central column projects upwardly beyond the sieving box and merges symmetrically at the bottom into support legs on both end faces, and both support legs The intervening space is free from non-vibration-mounted components, ie, this space is not provided with non-vibration elements. With such a measure, lateral space may remain for supplying air to the inner surface of the device over the entire length of the device.

It is advantageous if an elastic element is arranged between the support base and the sieving box, so that the support base and the support ridge form an effective counter mass for the otherwise vibrating elements. Therefore, the reaction force acting on the device based on vibration energy is absorbed satisfactorily by the device. According to a further advantageous embodiment, an elastic element can also be interposed between the support leg and the central column of the support. In special applications of this type, however, it is advantageous to arrange an elastic element between the support ridge and the central column of the support base. It should be noted that the central column itself can also be constructed as an elastic member, so that the entire device can be operated particularly quietly and stably.

By supporting the vibrating body downwardly and advantageously on the legs of the support as in the present invention, the vibration forces are directed downwards and are deflected, so that the support has no effect on its original function of carrying various components. It can be designed so that it can be fully utilized. In this way, not only the grain sifting process but also the required mechanical energy action on its actual working zone is concentrated, so that a simply higher quality of work is obtained and compared to conventional grain sifting machines. In comparison, not only is the production capacity increased, but the service life of the entire device is significantly extended compared to previously known machines.

Furthermore, the vibration forces can be completely removed from the air guide member, so that the position of the air guide means or the air guide flap, once set, does not change itself.

〔Example〕

The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

First of all, in Figure 1 (as in the other figures),
A so-called "double machine" is shown, consisting of two separate granule sifters operating completely independently, as is clear from Figure 3. be. These two sieving machines are arranged separately on the left and right sides of the central support structure.

As clearly shown in Figure 1, the population (1) for the product to be fed to the device is located in the upper left, and the outlet (2) for the separated material is located in the lower right. It is being Furthermore, three mutually superimposed sieve layers (3
), and below these sieve layers (3) there are arranged an inner receiving device (4) and an outer receiving device (5) (Fig. 3), which collect the sieved material. are collected in these receiving devices (4, 5). In this case, each individual receiving device (4 to 5) usually has two outlets (6
and 7). Since each of the three sieve layers (3) is unitized as a sieve box (8) (FIG. 3), each sieve box (8) has a separate sifter box (8) as in the embodiment shown. Two outlets (2) and four outlets (6, 7) for screened-out material are assigned. Each sieve box (8) has an end support)
(12) (Fig. 1), the support leg part (10) of the support base (9) is
). An unbalanced vibration generator (14) is rigidly coupled to the end support (12), and its thrust direction (arrow 15 in Figure 1) connects the unbalanced vibration generator (14) to a pipe-shaped Lateral joint (1
It can be adjusted by rotating at 6).

Furthermore, the strength of the unbalance can be adjusted by suitably adjusting the unbalance weight (17) in a known manner. Two unbalanced vibration generators (14) are fixed to the lateral joint (16) and are electrically connected so that they can rotate in a counter-rotating manner. Therefore, the lateral unbalance component is removed, and purely linear longitudinal vibration in the direction of arrow (15) is generated. A cover (18) configured as a part of the vibration system is attached to these unbalanced vibration generators (14) in order to simplify the structure.

The receiving device (4) is constructed as a vibrating conveyor trough, with support columns (19) each supported on rubber on both end sides.
He is sitting on top (Figure 1). The vibratory drive of this receiving device (4) connects the vibrating end support (12) to the column (19).
) via a lever (20) connected to the Depending on the height position of the point of action of the lever (20) on the column (19) (the height position in ° is adjustable), the vibration stroke of the receiving device (4) is equal to the vibration stroke of the sieving box (8). It can be set or adjusted independently of the

The support (9) directly carries all the non-vibrating components, in this case the vibrating elements being supported on the support substructure. Furthermore, this support stand (9) has one vertical support (21) on each end side (Fig. 3),
At the bottom, the strut (21) passes through an expansion into the leg structure. As shown in FIG. 3, this vertical column (21) projects slightly beyond the uppermost sheave layer (3) and has a supporting ridge (21) that primarily forms the upper air distribution chamber (22). 11). This upper air distribution chamber (22), which is tapered upward, is connected to the partition wall (22).
3) over its entire length into a total of 16 individual air guide chambers (24). As shown in Figure 1, each partition (23) is guided close to the uppermost sieve layer, the distance between the partitions being equal to the preset maximum material layer thickness. It is set to a slightly higher value.

The upper inclined surface in the air distribution chamber (22) has a transparent window (25) extending over its entire length, so that by using an electric light source the uppermost sieve layer (3)
The flow conditions of the material above can be controlled from outside the device.

FIG. 2 shows the basic superstructure (support structure) of the non-vibration system components of the device, and two different embodiments are depicted in this same drawing. The first
According to an embodiment, an elastic or spring-acting element (3) is provided between the support leg (10) and the vertical column (21).
0) is interposed. In a second embodiment, on the other hand, an elastic or spring-acting element (31) is arranged between the support leg (10) and the support ridge (11). In this case, in the first embodiment, the support leg (21) cooperates with the support ridge (11) to form a vibration damper for the non-vibration system element, whereas in the second embodiment, the support The platform head (11) alone constitutes a vibration damper. In a further complementary embodiment, it is also possible for the support leg (21) to be constructed as a lightweight structure and to have a spring effect on its own. FIG. 3 shows an embodiment that is particularly advantageous in certain applications. In this case, a floor (32) is provided between the separate box (8) and the discharge ports (6, 7), and this floor (32) is vibably supported on the support leg (10). ) is provided with a plurality of recesses (33) over its entire length, each recess (33) being connected downwardly to the inner receiving device (4) via a longitudinal flap or chute (34) (FIG. 3). ) to outer receiving device (5)
so that the sieve droplets are guided into one or the other receiving device located below the sieve layer (3) as desired. The number of longitudinal flaps (34) for the product is advantageously greater than the number of air guide chambers (2).
4) is approximately equal to the number. Furthermore, as is clear from FIG. 3, the working air flows through air suction gaps (35) provided on both sides. This measure offers various advantages. First of all, the air flow guidance path is completely separate from the product guidance that takes place under the floor (32), so that no air flow penetrates into the product guidance path. Next, the air flowing in from the side is on the floor (32
An inward "convergence" is achieved since the product stream falling onto ) is deflected towards the center of the floor where the shoes, ), (34)- are located. A further advantage is that the product stream is guided by the shoes (3, 4) into the interior of the vibrating receiving device (4 to 5) and guided out via the outlet. Furthermore, this product stream provides a kind of self-cleaning effect within the device.

In other words, in the prior art, the switching flap is attached directly to the receiving device, so that half of the corresponding receiving device is constantly covered, resulting in a dirty dirt corner blocking the bottom of the receiving device. On the other hand, in the present invention, such an inconvenient situation does not occur because the cover is removed. A further significant advantage of the device according to the invention is that it is possible to classify the sieve droplets as the desired fraction with great precision, since obstructive air flows in the longitudinal direction are eliminated satisfactorily.

When starting up the illustrated sieving machine, the pie break is switched on, so that the box (8) and the floor (
32) and the receiving device (4, 5) perform a predetermined oscillatory movement in the longitudinal direction of the device.

At the same time, a light negative pressure is applied to the entire device via the suction collection channel (27) or the suction device connected thereto. Depending on the separation operation, all sliders and flaps are temporarily moved, thereby directing the product to the inlet (1).
It becomes possible to supply This product immediately falls onto the top sieve layer (3). Due to the rocking motion imparted to the material and the air flow passing through the sieve layer (3) and the sieve layer (3) which is intentionally inclined diagonally downward from the population (1) towards the outlet (2), The product exhibits fluid-like properties (fluidized). The central issue in the sieving machine is that the original sieving is in the process. This air flow must therefore not be so regulated that all product layers are removed by the sieve layer. Rather, the primary role of this air is to loosen (disperse) the product and distribute it over the entire surface of the sieve.

Depending on the task set, it is necessary to classify the product into coarse grains, medium grains and fine grains, or into cooking grains and medium grains.

In the latter case, for example, the first six shoots are directed toward the receiving device (4), and the following <11 shoots are directed toward the receiving device (5). In this case, what is at stake in both screening operations is a suitable storage or final product that can be handed over to the user. The sieve obtained at the outlet is partially reground or ground before being sent to a suitably adjusted second sieving machine.

As is clear from Fig. 1, two different outlets (6 to 7) are selected from each receiving device (4 to 5), so four different sorting operations are carried out in each elutriation box (8). This can be done separately.

FIG. 4 shows an oscillating unit supported on a rubber joint (43), which is embodied by a spring system (40).

As shown in Figure 1, an unbalanced vibration generator (
14) is pivotable about a transversely extending axis (transverse joint 16), so that the direction of force application (41) can be selectively adjusted. Furthermore, this means that if the direction of action of the force indicated by the symbol (41' in Fig. 4) passes through the center of gravity (S'') of the vibrating unit, the vibration motion of all the sheave layers will generally be uniform. On the other hand, this center of gravity (“S
”), if the direction of action of the force does not extend through the area of
It is possible to adjust the actual vibration according to 8 rounds.

5 and 6 show the principle of a further particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention. In this case, separate boxes (8
) as a free oscillating body of the main body, Spring system (40)
Alternatively, it is supported on a steel spring (42).

An unbalanced bi-break (14), adjustable with respect to the direction of force application, is fixed to the end support (12), by means of two counter-rotating or counter-oscillating pie-breaks, as shown in FIG. This results in an approximately purely linear oscillatory motion as shown in FIG. Receptor device (4
, 5) is the support (19) regardless of the separate box (8).
is supported in a vibrating manner. The end support (12) is connected to the column (19) via one lever (20), so that the oscillating movement of the unit, which is laterally oscillatably supported on the spring system (40), is , lever (20
) to the receiving device (4, 5), .

In this case, the lever (20) can be moved to different height positions (Xl
,X2. It can be fixed to the pillar (19) with X6 pins. (Figure 6). Therefore, vibrations of different magnitudes can be induced from the drive side of the unbalanced pie break (14) via suitably selected adjustable lever paths on the receiver side, so that the vibrations can be configured very simply. A formed body is obtained. Whereas the sieve layer performs short-term oscillatory movements for the task of "sieving work", the receiving device performs long-term oscillatory throwing movements depending on the function of the oscillating conveying trough, which movement is controlled by the lever (20). is supported by correctly pivoting it to the strut (19). It has been demonstrated that surprisingly good working results can be obtained using this combination of free vibrator and lever vibrator.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the device according to the invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the basic superstructure of the device according to the invention with a support and its head, and FIG. 3 is the same as shown in FIG. Fig. 4 is a principle diagram showing the structure of the apparatus according to the present invention supported on the box-separate box and rubber joint system; Fig. 6 is a principle diagram showing a combination method of supporting a separate box in an apparatus according to the present invention via a spring and a vibrating conveying trough on a lever joint. FIG. 3 is a principle diagram showing a force transmission format. 1:::+ +, No change in 11°I of 4i (within -) - Culm Stomach ; Nd Fig, 2 Fig, 3 Procedural amendment (voluntary) May 16, 1985 Commissioner of the Patent Office 1. Indication of the case Patent application No. 60-557952, title of the invention Particulate material discrimination device 3, person making the amendment Relationship with the case Applicant's address Zeher 9240 Uzuil, Switzerland
112 Name Gebrüder Buehler AG 4
, Agent 6, Contents of amendment as attached.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) An apparatus for stratifying granular materials, which comprises a plurality of apparatuses arranged on top of each other and capable of imparting vibration motion by at least one unbalanced vibration generator (14). A sieve layer (3) and an inlet (1) and an outlet (2) for the introduced product and separated material assigned to this sieve layer (3) on one end side respectively and for supplementing the sieved material. a receiving device (4, 5) for collecting the air, and an upper air distribution chamber (22) through which the air passes through the sieve layer (3).
) and air guiding means adjustable by flaps for guiding the air to reach the suction collection channel (27) through the sieve layer (3).
) is constructed as a sieving box (8) and is supported in a downwardly oscillating manner on a bearing device (13). (2) A sieve layer configured as a sieving box (8) (
3) is attached to a support base (9) having a support leg part (10), a support ridge part (11), and a vertical central column (21) that connects both, in this case. Patent (3), characterized in that the upper air distribution chamber (22) forms a support ridge (11), a sieve layer (8) configured as a sieve box (8)
3) A device according to claim 2, characterized in that 3) is mounted in a vibrating manner on the support leg (lO). (4) The two-stage machine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the support stand (9) is provided with one central support (2l) on each end side. device as. (5) The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sieving box (8) is supported via a plurality of springs (40). . (6) The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the spring (40) is constructed as a hollow rubber spring (13) or as a steel spring (42) or as a rubber joint (43). ) according to any one of the patents, characterized in that the sieving box (8) is rigidly connected to an unbalanced vibration generating device (14), which allows the direction of force application (41) to be adjusted; The device as described. (8) Vibrations are transmitted from the side of the sieving box (8) via the end support (], 2) to the receiving device (4.5) by means of the drive lever (2o) and the column (19). In this case, a lever (20) can be used to adjust the throwing distance.
Any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the pivot position of the claim 1 is made to be variable.
Equipment described in Section. (9) The central column (21) protrudes upward beyond the sieve box (8), and downwardly transitions to the support legs (IO) symmetrically on both end surfaces, and both support legs (2)
9. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the intervening space is free of vibrably mounted components. α0) The double conveyance trough (4.5) that vibrates in the same direction as the sieving box (8) is independently supported by the support leg (10), independent of the sieving box (8). An apparatus according to any one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that: (11) The first aspect of claim 1, wherein the sieve box box (8) is configured as a free vibration member.
The device according to any one of Items 1 to 10.