SU1763052A1 - Device for air-vibrating separation of grain products - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: grain processing industry, devices for sorting intermediate products of grain processing according to quality factor. Allow BffCfrupoq. Cffr phage - the device is equipped with an aspiration chamber with a lid 3. its receiving telescopic nozzle 5 and its level lock and air suction nozzles 7, while the sieve is tapered with the possibility of changing the taper angle from 2 to 20 ° and air suction nozzles 7 arranged around a circle with a diameter equal to 2/3 of the overall size of the suction chamber cover. The initial product goes through the pipe 5 to the sifting working body 6. Under the influence of vibration and upward air flow, the initial material is loosened. Dense particles are lowered to the sieve and sifted onto a lower sieve. Particles with a lower density float up and descend from the upper layers of the sieve. The process on the bottom sieve is similar. 4 silt, Original flpotfy / rm cl C Vaszrac. 1 ce / t 1 8 shsh

Description

The invention relates to the field of the grain processing industry, in particular, to devices for sorting intermediate products of grain processing according to good quality.

Known strainer machine A1-BSO 1. Equipment for the production of flour and cereals. Reference book / А.Б.Демский, М.А..Bo-riskin, Е.V.Tamarov, А.S.Chernolikhov. - M .: Agropromizdat, 1990), in which the sieve body consists of two bodies in parallel, rigidly interconnected by brackets, in each sieve case three sieve rusas are placed one above the other, four sieve frames are installed in each rus. The machine also consists of a suction inlet, an aspiration chamber, an eccentric oscillator leading the working body and the collector in a reciprocating motion, and nozzles for outputting the flow and gather fractions. An aspiration chamber is installed above each half of the sieve body. The length of the aspiration chamber is divided by partitions into 16 identical compartments (four compartments above each sieve frame).

As a prototype, a vibration machine for the separation of bulk materials was selected, which contains a frame, a sieve mill made of two round screens and mounted on elastic elements (springs). The sieve mill is connected to a rigid link vibrator, and to the bed by means of elastic coil springs. Under the influence of a vibrator, the sieve mill makes a complex spatial movement, the angle of the relative position of the unbalance varies within 0 ... 360 °. This achieves a change in both the magnitudes and directivity of the amplitudes of the spatial oscillations of the working body 2.

One of the main design features is the shape of the working body, which largely determines the efficiency of the operation of the separation machines. From this point of view, one of the drawbacks of the prototype is that its design is based on the use of flat sieves, which greatly reduces the possibility of using the gravitational properties of the product on the sieve, resulting in its transportability, and, as a result, the separation efficiency .

One of the main factors affecting the efficiency of separation is the value of the specific load on the screening surface, which significantly depends on the physical and mechanical properties of the product being separated. The absence of structural elements designed to change the value of the specific

load on the screening surface, eliminates the possibility of achieving optimal separation efficiency depending on the initial physical and mechanical properties of the product.

In addition, the absence of a cover, an aspiration chamber, and the design of the base of the sieve mill, as well as the air discharge cone, do not allow upward and airflow to be used in order to increase the separation efficiency. This disadvantage of the prototype excludes the implementation of the product enrichment process - separation by quality factor.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the separation process.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the device is equipped with an aspiration chamber with a lid, a receiving telescopic nozzle and its level lock and air suction nozzles, the sieves are tapered with the possibility of changing the taper angle from 2 to 20 °,

and air suction nozzles are arranged in a circle with a diameter equal to 2/3 of the overall diameter of the suction chamber cover.

FIG. 1 shows a vibropneumatic separator, a general view; in fig. 2 - the same, top view (the location of the points of air suction around the circumference of the cover); in fig. 3 is a diagram of the distribution of the bulk product on the working tool with two screening surfaces, respectively, with the top of the cone at the top; in fig. 4 is a device for tensioning and changing the angle of inclination of the sieves.

The device consists of a bed 1, on which case 2 is installed with a hermetically sealed cover 3. In the central part of the cover 3 there is a product supply nozzle 4, inside which a telescopic tube 5 is installed.

there is a working body 6, made of two screening surfaces with the location of the top of the cone up. Four points of air suction 7 are located around the lid of the lid. At each point of the coca, a valve 8 is installed, which allows to regulate the air flow. The tool body is mounted on 24 elastic elements 9 with a device 10 for tensioning and changing the angle of inclination of the screens relative to the horizontal axis in the range from 2 to 20 °. On the shaft

11, a vibrator 12 is fixed, receiving movement by means of pulleys 13 from an electric motor (conventionally not shown).

The device also contains nozzles for outputting the tail 14 and the passage 15 fractions.

The device works as follows. The initial product enters the screening surface 6 through an adjustable receiving port 5. The telescopic shape of the receiving pipe 5 ensures its movement in the vertical plane. With the help of level fasteners, it is possible to regulate the gap between the supply nozzle 5 and the screening surface 6, which facilitates the delivery of the product with support to the tool. Such a technological method allows with a certain accuracy to stabilize the feed rate and the thickness of the layer of the initial mixture to the screening surface 6,

The technological process of enrichment of intermediate products occurs as a result of the interaction of the movement of products along the screening surface 6 during oscillations of the working device and upward air flows. As a result of the combined effect of high-frequency vibrations and upward airflows on the product being processed, conditions are created for its loosening, fluidization, and self-sorting of particles by size and quality. In turn, heavy, high-quality particles with higher density and low ash content, consisting mainly of endosperm, fall down through the layer of particles, come into contact with sieve b and sift as a pass-through fraction onto the underlying sieve. Particles with lower density (splices of the endosperm with shells), on the contrary, float up and are located in the upper layers and come off the sieve as a descent. The first exit from the machine is brought out by means of the upper cone 14. Next, the pass fraction located on the lower screening surface is processed in the same way, and the mixture is divided into the pass and end fractions. The passage fraction is withdrawn from the machine by means of the inner cone 15, the second similar fraction is withdrawn by means of the cone 14.

In order to increase the efficiency of sorting particles by quality using a special element 10 mounted at the top of the screening surface, it is possible to change the angle of the upper and lower sieves relative to the horizontal axis from 2 to 20 °. The work of the working body at an angle of 2 ° provides

yield of high quality enriched product with simultaneous decrease in productivity. When the angle of the screening surfaces is 20 ° or more, the quality of the enriched product is reduced, while increasing productivity. Therefore, the region of particle sorting is the most rational while ensuring the quality of the enriched product and stable high productivity — an interval from 2 to 20 °.

During testing, a device with a sealed lid 3 found that when using three points located around the circumference, the upward air flow did not fully come into contact with the screening surface b (due to the fact that the lid 3 was divided into three independent compartments), using Five and six points of air suction more fully interact with air with the screens, however, with an increase in the number of air suction points, difficulties arise in the selection and regulation of air velocity and flow rate. Therefore, it is more expedient to use four symmetrically located points along a circle with a diameter equal to 2/3 of the overall diameter of the cover.

Depending on the physicomechanical properties of the sorted material, the oscillation frequency of the working body is 10 ... 20 Hz, the amplitude of the vertical oscillations is 0.1 ... 0.2 mm, the angle of the mutual arrangement of the unbalances of the vibrator mechanism is 70 ... 110 °. The area of one screening surface is 0.40 m.

The use of the invention in comparison with the prototype allows:

- to increase the separation efficiency due to the use of cone-shaped sieves and upward air flow, contributing to the intensification of the process;

- implement the process of enrichment of bulk products - separation by quality factor.

Claims (1)

Apparatus of the invention for vibropneumatic separation of grain products, including two sieves mounted on a bed, a drive associated with a bed, a device for discharging separation products, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of separation, the device is equipped with an aspiration chamber with a lid, a telescopic receiver and a lock its level and suction nozzles, while the sieves are made conical with the possibility changes in the angle of taper from 2 to 20 °, and those with a diameter equal to 2/3 of the overall suction nozzles are located around the circumference of the suction chamber cover. tpt .... th & I & X & FIG. 2 t-tpt thai Fig.Z Fiel