RU1830293C - Vibropneumatic machine for separating of grain processing products - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in the grain processing industry of agriculture. Essence: The source material through a telescopic pipe enters the working body. It is made of two conical sieves. They are. arranged in large bases to each other. Between the screens there is a conical insert and unbalance of the vibrator. The center of gravity of the oscillating part of the machine is located symmetrically with respect to the imbalances of the vibrator. Separated products are withdrawn through the nozzles. Radial ribs are made on the inner surface of the nozzle in increments of 45 °. Four taps of the suction chamber are located on a circle with a diameter equal to 2/3 of the diameter of the sieve, 2 silt.

Description

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The invention relates to the field of grain processing industry, in particular, to devices for separating intermediate products of grain processing by quality factor, for example, for large, medium, small grains and dunsts obtained in flour mills.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the separation of grain processing products.

The combined effects of high-frequency oscillations of the working body and the ascending air flow bring the bulk product into a fluidized state, while the coefficients of internal and external friction are significantly reduced. As a result, conditions are created for efficient self-sorting of particles

mixtures of various physical and mechanical properties. Large particles with a higher density, overcoming the resistance of the ascending air flow, fall into the lower layers, and particles with a lower density under the influence of the ascending air flow and high-frequency oscillations are located in the upper layers.

The product passing through the upper sieve enters the distribution cone installed under the sieve, from which it is directed to the initial section of the lower sieve. As a result, the path length (exposure of separation) of the passage of particles through the sieve is increased, which makes it possible to significantly increase the load on the working body while at the same time 100 CJ

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to increase separation efficiency.

The arrangement of the vibrator unbalances symmetrically with respect to the upper and lower screens provides a wide range of variation in the ratio and direction of the disturbing moments of the upper and lower unbalances. The arrangement of the vibrator unbalances symmetrically with respect to the upper and lower screens allowed to significantly expand the range of variation of the vertical component of the oscillation amplitude, since its change is achieved by changing the disturbing moments from both unbalances, and not from the lower one, as is done with the unilateral arrangement of vibrator unbalances in the prototype. Thanks to this, the mass of unbalances is significantly reduced, which reduced the dynamic loads on the bearings of the vibrator mechanism. Reducing the mass of unbalances, in turn, made it possible to reduce the dimensions and mass of the vibrator mechanism and, as a result, the mass of the vibrating part of the whole machine.

As a result of tests of a pilot industrial model of a vibropneumatic machine under production conditions, it was found that at increased loads and a high concentration of passage particles in the initial mixture, the outlet pipe of the internal assembly cone is blocked. To ensure product outflow, the spatial oscillating motion is communicated to the inner collecting cone, the same. as well as sieves, i.e. the internal prefabricated cone is an integral part of the oscillating system of the machine. Depending on the. the mass ratios of the unbalances of the vibrator mechanism and the oscillating part of the machine, as well as the frequency and angle of relative position of the unbalances of the trajectory of the point of the working body are modified, which significantly affects the parameters of the particle’s movement on the surface of the oscillating internal assembly cone and the situation. In most cases, the particle moves in a unfolding spiral from the center to the periphery. In order to interrupt the spiral-like movement leading to the locking of the outlet cone of the pre-assembled cone, radial ribs are installed on the inner surface of the pre-assembled cone with a circumference step of 45 °, guiding the product along the shortest path (i.e. along the generatrix of the cone) to the outlet.

Production tests of a pilot industrial model of a vibropneumatic machine showed the need

arrangement of air outlets around a circle with a diameter equal to 2/3 of the overall diameter of the sieve, as a result of the installation of conical sieves with large bases to each other

and the presence of a distribution cone under the top screen. This ensured the uniformity of the upstream air velocity field in the central zone of the working body, which increased the separation efficiency.

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a general view of a vibropneumatic machine for separating grain processing products; figure 2 is a section of the internal prefabricated cone with radial ribs.

The vibro-pneumatic machine consists of a bed 1 on which the housing 2 is installed. A sealed suction chamber 3 is installed in the upper part of the housing. A nozzle 4 is located in the central part of the suction chamber for feeding the product into the machine. A telescopic nozzle 5 is mounted inside it with the possibility of adjusting the working gap formed

5 between it and the screening surface, ensuring the supply of the product to the working body 6 with backwater. Four vents 7 are arranged around the circumference of the lid. Each duct has a flap for controlling the speed of the upward air flow. A working body 6 is located in the housing 2, mounted on the elastic elements 8 and made of two sieve surfaces connected by large bases to each other, and a distribution cone is installed under the upper sieve. The mechanism of the vibrator 9 is rigidly connected to the working body 6 and the prefabricated inner cone 10. The mechanism of the vibrator 9 is informed of the movement through the pulley block from the electric motor (not shown conditionally) by means of a flexible shaft 11.

The vibropneumatic machine contains inner 10 and outer 12 cones for

5 collection and output through pipes 13, 14, 15 of the passage and gathering fractions.

The vibropneumatic machine operates as follows: the initial product through the receiving and telescopic pipe 4

0 and 5 enters the conical sieves 6. The telescopic shape of the receiving pipe 5 ensures its movement in the vertical plane. Using the level locks, the working clearance between the supply

5 with a pipe 5 and a screening surface 6, which ensures the supply of the product with support to the working body. Such a technological technique makes it possible to stabilize, with a certain accuracy, the size and thickness of the initial mixture layer on sieve 6.

The technological process of separation of grain processing products is carried out as a result of combined exposure to the product of high-frequency vibrations of the working body 6 and the upward air flow. As a result, the bulk product acquires the properties of a viscous liquid, while the coefficients of internal and external friction are significantly reduced, and conditions are created for self-sorting of particles by size and quality. Heavy, solid particles with a higher density and lower ash content, consisting mainly of endosperm, are lowered down through the particle bed, come into contact with sieve 6 and sieved. Particles passing through the upper sieve fall onto a distribution cone below the sieve, from which they are directed to the initial section of the lower sieve. Particles with a lower density (intergrowth of membranes with membranes) float, are located in the upper layers and come off the sieve.

High-frequency vibrations of the working body ensure its self-cleaning, which eliminates the need for cleaning devices.

Depending on the physicomechanical properties of the product being separated, the oscillation frequency of the working body is 15 ... 40 Hz, the amplitude of vertical and horizontal vibrations is 0.1 ... 4.5 mm.

The use of the present invention in comparison with the prototype allows:

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-increase separation performance;

-increase efficiency by improving the dynamics of the machine and increasing the exposure of separation;

-decrease specific energy and material consumption.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Vibro-pneumatic machine for separating grain processing products, including a bed with two conical screens located on it, installed with the possibility of performing complex spatial movements from a vibrator with unbalances, a telescopic pipe for supplying raw material, concentrically mounted cone-shaped pipes for outputting separated fractions, an aspiration chamber with evenly spaced around its circumference air ducts, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency separation, it is equipped with a distribution cone located under the upper sieve, while the sieves are installed with large bases to each other, the vibrator unbalances are located between the sieves symmetrically relative to the conical sieves, and the conical outlet pipe of the small product is made with radial ribs on the inner surface set in increments around a circle of 45 °. and the ducts are located around a circle with a diameter equal to 2/3 of the diameter of the sieve. -OULU , v; .. . . l-l