JPS60144907A - Permanent magnet material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance residual magnetic flux density and coersive force and further improve magnetic characteristic expressed by the maximum energy product by forming a permanent magnet using a material mainly composed of particular rare earth elements and iron. CONSTITUTION:As a material of permanent magnet, composition expressed by R1-alpha-beta-gammaFealphaMbetaXgamma is used. Here, R is one or two or more kinds rare earth elements and M is one or two or more kinds of Mn, Ni, Co. X is one or two or more kinds of B, C, N, Si, P and values of alpha, beta, gamma satisfy the relations, 0.60<= alpha<=0.85, 0.01<=beta<=0.20, gamma<=0.15. For example, an alloy having composition of Nd0.97-alpha-betaFealphaNibetaB003 is fused under the Ar ambient within a buttom dissolving furnace and is smashed into fine powder with a jet mill until the average grain size becomes about 4mum. Next, the powder is press-molded under the magnetic field of 15kOe and is then sintered for an hour under the Ar embient at a temperature of 1,000 deg.C.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) This invention provides a permanent magnet that can be used in a wide range of applications such as home appliances, audio products, watch parts, automobile parts, precision instruments, etc. Regarding materials, in particular, it relates to permanent magnet materials mainly composed of rare earth elements (R) and iron (Fe).

(Prior art) In recent years, the maximum energy product ((B H
) max ) has been significantly improved compared to that of the old alnico magnet materials, etc., and it is quickly being used to make home appliances, audio products, watch parts, automobile parts, precision equipment, etc. smaller, lighter, and higher in performance. He has contributed greatly.

Conventionally, rare earth-cobalt magnets have been typical as permanent magnet materials with such corroded characteristics, and their maximum energy product ((B H) max) is 18 to 28 MG-
It shows a fairly high value of about Oe. However, research to further improve the maximum energy fjt ((BH)maw) continues, and some other rare earth magnets are being developed, and rare earth-iron magnet materials are also being developed. ing. As this rare earth-iron based magnet material, there is also a Nd-Fe-B based material, but the inventors conducted further research based on this, and as a result, they were able to complete this invention. .

(Object of the Invention) The present invention provides an R
In EM-Fe-B-based permanent magnet materials, residual magnetic flux density (Br), coercive force (BHC).

x Ha) and the maximum energy product ((BH) max
) The object of the present invention is to provide a rare earth-iron permanent magnet material with further improved magnetic properties expressed by:

(Structure of the Invention) The permanent magnet material according to the present invention has a general formula: R1-ct-
β-A is represented by FeoMβxA, and R is 1 of a rare earth element.
species or two or more species, M is Mn.

One or more of Ni and Co, and X is B or C.

One or more of N, St, and P, and 0.60≦
It is characterized in that α≦0.85, o, oi≦β≦O, '20, γ<0.15, and 0.65≦α+β<0.90.

The permanent magnet material according to the present invention is represented by the general formula R1-α-β-γF8αMβXγ1 as described above, and R in the formula represents one or more rare earth elements, including Nd. Sc, Y, La, , Ce, P
r, Pm, sn.

Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm.

One or more types of Yb and Lu are used.

In addition, in the above general formula, Fe (iron) is 0.60≦
The range is α≦0.85. Here, if the amount of Fe is too large, the residual magnetic flux density (Br) will improve, but the coercive force (BHC) will increase.

IHc) decreases extremely, so it is no longer possible to obtain an excellent maximum energy product ((BH) may), so α≦
It was set to 0.85. On the other hand, if the amount of Fe is too small, the residual magnetic flux density (Br) will be low, and the maximum energy a ((B
H) rnax) decreases, so 0.60≦α was set.

Furthermore, in the above general formula, M is Mn.

One or more of Ni and Co, 0.01≦
The range is β≦0.20. Also, X is B, C, N
, St, and P, and γ<0.15
The range is as follows. Here, by adding the M in combination with the X element, a part of M forms a compound with the X element, resulting in a remarkable effect on improving the magnetic properties. However, if the amount of M is too small, no improvement in magnetic properties can be expected, so 0. O1≦β, and if the amount of M is too large, the amount of the compound formed will increase and the magnetic properties will deteriorate, so if β≦0.
It was set at 20. In addition, the above-mentioned
It has the effect of raising the temperature to 00°C or higher,
If the amount of X is too large, the coercive force (BHC, 1Hc) and residual magnetic flux density (Br) will decrease, making it impossible to obtain an excellent maximum energy product ((BH) max ), so γ is reduced to 0.
It was set at 15.

Furthermore, if the value of α + β is too large, the coercive force (zHc) will decrease rapidly, and the maximum energy product ((BH) max )
Also decreases, so it is necessary to set α + β to 0.90,
On the other hand, if the value of α+β is too small, the residual magnetic flux density (Br
) decreases, so the maximum energy product ((BH) max
) also decreases, so it is necessary to satisfy 0.65≦α+β.

(Example 1) NdO,! 37- a-j3 FeaNi73 Bo,
An alloy having a composition of 03 was melted using a button melting furnace adjusted to an argon atmosphere. Next, the molten alloy was roughly pulverized in a mortar, and then finely pulverized in a jet mill to an average particle size of about 47 pm.

Next, the obtained powder was heated in a magnetic field of 15 KOe for about 2 to
After press molding under a pressure of nf/cm2, the obtained molded product was heated at 1000°C in an argon atmosphere.
Sintering was carried out under the conditions of 1 hour, and after rapidly cooling to room temperature, a predetermined heat treatment was performed.

Next, the residual magnetic flux density (Br), coercive force (BHC, IHC) and maximum energy product ((BH
) maw ), the results are shown in Table 1.

As shown in Table 1, all of the cases that satisfy the scope of the present invention exhibit excellent magnetic properties, whereas N
Too little i amount No, 1.5゜9, Too much Ni amount No, 12, Too little Fe+Ni amount No, i3, F
It is clear that in the cases of Nos., 4, and 8, in which the amount of e+Ni is too large, the magnetic properties are inferior to those of the present invention.

(Example 2) An alloy having a composition of NdO, 84-a-βFea''/3B0.08 was melted using a button melting furnace adjusted to an argon atmosphere.Then, the melted alloy was coarsely ground in a mortar. The mixture was pulverized to an average particle size of about 4 pm using a jet mill.

Next, the obtained powder was heated in a magnetic field of 15 KOe for about 2 to
After press molding under a pressure of nf / c + n2, the obtained molded body was heated at 1000 °C in an argon atmosphere.
Sintering was performed at °C for 1 hour, and after rapidly cooling to room temperature, a predetermined heat treatment was performed.

Next, the residual magnetic flux density (Br), coercive force (BHC, IHC) and maximum energy product ((BH
) max ), the results are shown in Table 2.

As shown in Table 2, all cases satisfying the scope of the present invention show excellent magnetic properties, whereas Mn
No. 21, 25, the amount is too small.

29, No. with too large amount of Mn, 33.34, Fe+Mn
No.30 with too little amount, N with too much Fe+Mn amount
o, 24.28, it is clear that the magnetic properties are inferior to those of the present invention.

(Example 3) An alloy having a composition of NdO, 2-7FeO, 75Mn0.05B was melted using a Pokun melting furnace adjusted to an argon atmosphere. Next, the molten alloy was roughly pulverized in a mortar, and then finely pulverized in a J-tomill to an average particle size of about 4 pm.

Next, the obtained powder was heated to about 2 Lo in a magnetic field of 15 KOe.
After press molding under a pressure of nf/cm2, the obtained molded body was heated at 1000'c in an argon atmosphere.
Sintering was carried out under the conditions of 1 hour, and after rapidly cooling to room temperature, a predetermined heat treatment was performed.

Next, the residual magnetic flux density (Br), coercive force (BHC, IHC) and maximum energy product ((BH
) mat ), the results are shown in Table 3.

As shown in Table 3, all cases satisfying the scope of the present invention show excellent magnetic properties, whereas No. 41 has too little B amount and No. 4 has too much B amount.
It is clear that in all cases No. 5, the magnetic properties are inferior to those of the present invention.

(Example 4) Alloys having the compositions shown in Table 4 were melted using a button melting furnace adjusted to an argon atmosphere. Next, after coarsely pulverizing the molten alloy in a mortar, an average particle size of 41
1. It was pulverized to about m.

Next, the obtained powder was heated to approximately 2 tons in a magnetic field of 15 KOe.
After press molding under a pressure of f/am2, the obtained molded body was heated at 1000°C in an argon atmosphere for 1
Sintering was carried out under the conditions of a certain amount of time, and after being rapidly cooled to room temperature, a predetermined heat treatment was performed.

Next, the residual magnetic flux density (Br), coercive force (BHC, IHC) and maximum energy product ((BH
) was investigated, and the results are shown in Table 4.

As shown in Table 4, all cases satisfying the scope of the present invention exhibit excellent magnetic properties, whereas α+
No. where the value of β is too low, 51°54.57, and α+
No. The value of β is too high.

53, 56, and 59, it is clear that the magnetic properties are all inferior to those of the present invention.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, in the permanent magnet material according to the present invention, the general formula % is one or more rare earth elements, and M is Mn.

One or more of Ni and Co, and X is B or C.

One or more of N, St, and P, and 0.60≦
α≦0.85. Since 0.01≦β≦0.20, γ<0.15, and 0165≦α+β<0.90, the residual magnetic flux density (Br), coercive force (BHC, I He), and maximum energy Product ((BH)ma
It has extremely excellent magnetic properties expressed by x),
It is possible to bring about extremely excellent effects such as making home appliances, audio products, watch parts, automobile parts, precision equipment, etc. smaller, lighter, and higher in performance from the perspective of permanent magnets. .

Patent applicant: Daido Steel Co., Ltd. Representative Patent Attorney Yutaka Shio

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) Formula, R□-o-β-aFeQ: M/3x, y, where R is one or more rare earth elements, and M
One or more of n, Ni, Co, X is B, C, N
, Si, and P, and 0.60≦α≦0.85. A permanent magnetic material characterized in that 0.01≦β≦0.20, γ<0.15, and 0.65≦α+β<0.90.