JPS60119220A - Hydrophilic conjugate synthetic fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:The titled conjugate fibers, consisting of two components, having one more hydrophilic component than the other, and tapered wedgelike shape in the inward direction viewed from the cross section, and continuous in the longitudinal direction, and capable of exhibiting the water absorbing and water permeation properties, depth of color and scroop. CONSTITUTION:Hydrophilic synthetic conjugate fibers obtained by conjugate spinning of extruding a polymer prepared by blending nylon 6 with 5-sodium sulfoisophthalate copolymer of polyethylene terephthalate as a component (A) and polyethylene terephthalate as a component (B) through a spinneret of a conjugate spinning apparatus, and having one more hydrophilic component (A) than the component (B), and tapered wedgelike shape in the inward direction viewed from the cross section of the fibers in the component (A) continuous in the longitudinal direction of the fibers. Preferably, the depth ratio of the wedge shape of the component (A) to the fiber cross section is 0.25-0.95, and the wedge angle is 0.2-1.5.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A1 Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a composite synthetic fiber that exhibits hydrophilic properties such as light absorption and water permeability, depth of color, and squeakiness.

B. Prior art and its problems Synthetic fibers are widely used as clothing fibers due to their excellent functionality, but because they basically have a hydrophobic matrix, they do not absorb liquid or gaseous moisture from the body. The current situation is that it does not have the function of absorbing and eliminating, so it is not very satisfying in terms of comfort. Many technologies have been proposed to improve this drawback of synthetic fibers, but none of them impair the excellent functionality of synthetic fibers, have insufficient sweat drainage function, or lack of improvements in terms of texture. The effect was insufficient. -171
For example, fibers that are a blend of hydrophobic synthetic fibers and hydrophilic components, or core-sheath fibers with hydrophilic components arranged in the core.

These include fibers in which the sheath is made of hydrophobic synthetic fibers, or fibers in which a hydrophilic component is eccentrically introduced in a core-sheath system so that the hydrophilic component is exposed on the surface. In the former, the hydrophilic components are discontinuously present, resulting in poor water transport performance and insufficient sweat drainage.

The fiber surface is rough and causes diffused reflection, resulting in decreased color development.

There are drawbacks such as the filament (f) being non-uniform and prone to fibrillation.1) In the latter core-sheath method, the hydrophilic component becomes localized, causing dyeing irritation; Due to the large amount of contamination, it becomes devitrified.

Color development is reduced, and since the cross-sectional shape is such that the hydrophobic component contains a hydrophilic component, the opening of the hydrophilic component to the fiber surface is small. 9 Moisture absorption/Water absorption is relatively high, but the moisture release rate is low. slow. Furthermore, the hydrophilic components are absorbed greatly. Since hydrophobic synthetic fibers with high fiber-forming properties become thin, there are drawbacks such as peeling between the two components, formation of fine fibers, and sagging and formation of fibrils. The biggest drawback of conventional twisted synthetic fibers is that
The surface of the fibers is smooth and free from creaks caused by friction.

It has a waxy feel peculiar to so-called synthetic fibers, and has the drawback of not being able to provide a supple surface touch.

Furthermore, as well-known examples, JP-A-57-161123,
Methods such as those disclosed in Publication No. 57-21525 are also known;
For the reason mentioned above, there is no one that has added 64 yet.

C0 Purpose of the Invention The purpose of the present invention is to improve the shortcomings of these conventional hydrophilic synthetic fibers, that is, to improve the original performance of synthetic fibers, such as gloss, rigidity, dyeability, and little change in rigidity when absorbing water or moisture. Absorbent without damage.

To provide a novel composite synthetic fiber suitable for woven or knitted fabrics that easily exhibits hydrophilic properties such as water permeability and hygroscopicity, and also exhibits depth of color, squeakyness, and softness.

D0 Structure of the present invention The present invention consists of the following configuration.

"In a composite synthetic fiber consisting of components A and B, the A component is more hydrophilic than the B component, and the A component has a wedge shape that tapers inward when viewed from the cross section of the fiber,"
A hydrophilic composite fiber characterized in that component A is continuous in the length direction of the fiber. E0 Function of the present invention In the present invention, the composite synthetic fiber 9 is composed of A component and B component, as shown in the model in Figs. It is necessary that the component be more hydrophilic than the other components.

The hydrophilicity of component A basically refers to those that are blended with hydrophilic polymers, made porous, coated with a hydrophilic substance in post-processing, or those that are coated with a hydrophilic substance in post-processing in order to increase moisture absorption and water absorption ability. Contains composite synthetic fibers of polymers that are susceptible to surface graft polymerization. This hydrophilic component increases the diffusivity of unevenly distributed moisture, increases the moisture dispersion area, and speeds up drying.Structurally, even if it absorbs moisture, the fiber surface that is easy to touch the skin is hydrophobic. Contains a lot of B ingredients, so you won't feel any discomfort such as stickiness.

In the present invention, the shape of component A is an important factor in achieving the purpose and effect. The A component is, for example, the 9th
In the fiber cross section as shown.

Wedge-shaped in the direction of the inside of the fiber, the fiber center of gravity G, the vertex P where the A component exists from G, the closest point Q on the GP line to the fiber center of gravity G of the A component, the boundary point M on the outer periphery of the A component and B component -L, the intersection point N of line PQ and line ML, it is natural that the larger the area qMPL of the A component is with respect to the total cross-sectional area of the fiber, the higher the water absorption performance, but when the shape of the A component is PQ,
/G, P (hereinafter referred to as the depth ratio R of the A component to the fiber cross section) must be kept within a certain range. The depth ratio R of the Δ component to the fiber cross section is preferably in the range of 0.25 to 095, more preferably in the range of 06 to 08. If R is higher than 0.95.

Component A exists as a layer near the center of gravity of the composite fiber's cross section, and when a woven or knitted fabric using this fiber is worn, the A component and B component are stripped off and made into fine fibers due to the friction effect when worn, which is called frost. Easily discolored to white.

If R is lower than 0.25, depending on the number of wedges in the cross section of the fiber, the ratio of component A to the entire fiber will be low, making it difficult to sufficiently exhibit the desired water absorption and antistatic properties. Become.

Further, the wedge angle S of the A component is preferably 0.2 to 15,
More preferably, 06 to 10 is desirable.

If S exceeds 1.5, the width of the wedge of the A component is too wide, which may cause problems during spinning, or the influence of unnecessary characteristics of the A component in dyed woven and knitted fabrics, which may lead to dyeing irritation, in some cases.
Decrease in dye room waxiness 1 Decrease in strength, less non-water absorbing surface when water is absorbed, resulting in a sticky feeling. It tends to have drawbacks such as reducing the rigidity of the fibers when water is absorbed, promoting a sticky feeling. If S is lower than 02, the water absorption surface area will be low, the absorption rate of moisture such as perspiration and drying rate will be low, and the antistatic performance will also be difficult to achieve the desired effect. The ratio of component A to component B that forms the composite synthetic fiber of the present invention, that is, the composite ratio, is also a factor that influences the degree of fiber surface exposure of component A and the shape of the wedge, and the weight ratio of component A to component B is 6. []:
The range of 4'0 to 5:95 is preferable, and 50 to 50 to 10
: A range of 90 is more desirable. If the amount of component A exceeds 60%, the spinning/drawing properties and weaving/weaving properties will often deteriorate, and if it is less than 5%, it will be difficult to exhibit moisture absorption ability and antistatic performance.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 as models, the A component is hydrophilic and antistatic, and is compounded into a wedge shape that tapers toward the inside of the fiber, and a portion of the A component is contained in the fiber. If the present invention has grooves in the internal direction, and the width of the entrance of the groove is 04 to 20 microns and the depth is in the range of 03 to 20 microns, the hydrophilic property of component A Combined with the capillary effect of the grooves, it improves moisture absorption and diffusion, reduces uneven distribution of moisture, and increases the area for moisture dispersion.

Even though they can physically hold large amounts of water.

The drying speed is faster, and since the surface of the fabric, which is structurally easy to touch the skin, is made up of the hydrophobic component B, the fabric becomes a fiber that does not cause discomfort such as stickiness.

Here, 1. In order to make the component A of the present invention more hydrophilic than the component B, and to form grooves in the inner direction of the fiber, 1.
If the component is a polymer that is more hydrophilic and more soluble in solvents than component B, the objective can be easily achieved. That is, the grooves are obtained by mainly dissolving and removing a part of the component A in the state of fibers or woven or knitted materials. These grooves create unevenness on the surface of the fibers, giving a squeaky, crunchy feel between the fibers and the skin, and giving a soft feel without stickiness even when it absorbs water or moisture. There is.

Furthermore, these grooves can provide the above-mentioned water transporting and absorbing ability and good touch while satisfying the condition that the color development and gloss of the dyed product are not extremely reduced. For this,
Groove shape, hydrophilicity, and antistatic properties.

As a result of various examinations of the relationship between squeaky feeling 2 color development and gloss,
The constituent elements of the A component are at least the above R and S, and the shape of the groove is as illustrated in FIG.

In order to have a squeaky dry feel with a part of the A component dissolved and removed, the groove depth q, Ip/ should be at least 0 microns, and the groove width should be 1.1. /L/ is preferably 04 microns or more, and in order not to reduce the color development during dyeing after folding, the groove depth is preferably 20 microns or less, and a part of the grooves is preferably 20 microns or less. Therefore, in order to satisfy both characteristics at the same time, it is preferable that the groove depth Q'P be in the range of 03 to 20 microns and the groove entrance width M/L/ be in the range of 04 to 2.0 microns. The number of grooves is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the fabric is used for woven or knitted fabrics so that grooves also exist on the surface thereof, and two or more grooves are desirable.

The B component polymer of the composite fiber is not particularly limited as long as it is fiber-forming.

Many polymers can be used, such as polyester, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyurethane. Among these, polyester-based polymers are effective because they can be used in woven and knitted fabrics and can be easily adjusted for texture in one step (dying, dyeing, etc.). As the A component polymer, B
Composite spinning with component polymers is possible, and water, solvent, or

It should not easily split or peel off due to friction.

The polymer is not particularly limited as long as it is hydrophilic and has high antistatic properties, but it is preferable to use a polymer that has higher solvent solubility than the B component polymer so that the A component can easily have grooves. A combination of A and B components is 1.For example, the B component polymer is polyethylene terephthalate, and the A component polymer is a hydrophilic and highly solvent-soluble polymer, such as polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol, or block polyether. Polyethylene terephthalate blended with amide, polyethylene terephthalate blended with polyamide, polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with alkylene oxide, or polyethylene terephthalate blended with polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with polyethylene glycol and polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with 5-sodium sulfoinphthalate. , polyethylene terephthalate, which is a blend of block polyetheramide and 5-sodium sulfoisophthalate copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate.

In the case of the composite wire of the present invention, the filament yarn may be monofilament or multifilament, and may be mixed with other known filaments as appropriate.

It may be twisted. -! Not only raw silk but also false twisting is used.

Known processing techniques such as entanglement, turbulence treatment, and fluffing may be added. When the conjugate fiber of the present invention is used as a stapled yarn, it may be used not only as a 100% spun yarn, but also as a spun yarn by blending or twisting with other synthetic fibers or natural fibers. Furthermore, the composite fiber of the present invention can also be used as a nonwoven fabric or futon cotton.

F1 Effects of the present invention Figures 1 to 4 show cross-sectional views of an example of the composite synthesis tank 8 and IL of the present invention. Figure 1 shows two A-component wedges with a round cross section.

Fig. 2 shows an example of an A component three wedge with a round cross section, Fig. 6 shows an example of an A component three wedge with a three lobe cross section, and Fig. 4 shows an example of an A component five wedge with an N five lobe cross section. Compared to component B, component A, which is more hydrophilic, has a wedge shape that tapers toward the inside of the fiber. The hydrophilic components are thinner inside the fibers and are exposed continuously in the fiber axis direction, resulting in high moisture transport and diffusion performance.""There are many interfaces between component A and component B, and there is no thin skin. It is difficult to fibrillate.”

There is no extremely uneven distribution of the LA acid component and there is no dyeing irritation."
It has effects such as ``the A component is bitten into a small amount, and there is no devitrification feeling or deterioration of color development.''

Furthermore, FIGS. 5 to 8 show cross-sectional views of an example in which a part of component A of the composite fiber of the present invention has grooves in the fa &(& inner direction. The figure shows an example of three grooves with a round cross section, Figure 7 shows an example of three grooves with a three-lobed cross section, and Figure 8 shows an example of a five groove with a manyo cross section.The inside of the groove part is mainly composed of component A, which is higher than the outer surface of component B. It is a hydrophilic component and has a groove shape in a limited range, that is, a part of component A has grooves toward the inside of the fiber, and the width of the groove entrance is 0.4 to 2.0 microns.

Because the depth is in the range of 06 to 20 microns, when used in woven or knitted fabrics, the hydrophilic components of the grooves are combined with the capillary action of the grooves to increase the water diffusivity of the woven or knitted fabrics. In addition, the surface of the fabric, which is easy to touch the skin, is mainly composed of the hydrophobic B component, which eliminates stickiness and other discomfort.''The grooves change the friction characteristics and eliminate the waxy feeling and moisture, which were conventionally considered disadvantages of synthetic fibers.''4'・Gives a squeaky, supple touch by suppressing the slimy feeling of 1. Generally, hydrophilic polymers often have low friction fastness in dyed products, but in the present invention, the hydrophilic component has a low probability of appearing on the surface of the fabric, causing relatively few problems.'', ``Hydrophobic B composition makes the reflection and absorption of U light unique, increases two-color development, and produces glossy woven and knitted fabrics.'' It has a high proportion of wood, and when water is absorbed, there is little decrease in printing rate, and it does not stick to pans.

Next, a detailed explanation will be given using examples.

Example 1 A polymer obtained by blending ordinary polyethylene terephthalate as the B component and polyethylene terephthalate, which is obtained by copolymerizing ordinary polyamide (nylon-6) with 5-sodium sulfoinphthalate and 5 ruthi, as the A component, was used to make a composite. Using a spinning device with a spinneret having 2 d discharge holes, the yarn was spun into a round cross-section A component tri-wedge cross-section as shown in FIG. 2, and drawn to obtain a 50-denier, 24-filament composite fiber drawn yarn. Table 1 shows 9 in the spinning process.
The figure shows the cross-sectional shape of the yarn obtained by changing spinning conditions such as spinneret shape, spinning temperature, composite ratio of A component and B component, that is, the depth ratio R1 of the A component to the fiber cross section, and the wedge angle S of the A component.

Here, apart from the composite yarns in Table 1, the B component and Δ component single polymers were melt-spun and stretched in the usual way.

Spun 50 denier, 24 filament yarn with a round cross section, align two of each yarn and create a knitted result using a 24 gauge tubular knitting machine. 9 Scouring using a normal polyester knitting method. 9 Opening. 9 Intermediate set. , alkali weight loss treatment (Q%, 21%
),, finish setting.

Made of jersey knitted fabric. The Bayrek method water absorption height of the obtained knitted fabric is 12r+u++
, the alkali loss of 21% was 57+nm, and the alkali loss of 0'% and 21% of the B-component single yarn were both 2 mm.

In other words, the A-component polymer thread is more hydrophilic than the B-component polymer thread, and the A-component thread is alkali-reduced]]l! Therefore, its hydrophilicity was further increased. ! When we enlarged each of the knitted fabrics using an electron microscope and observed the fibers, we found that the B component yarn had a smooth surface in both the alkali weight loss opening width and the 21 ratio, whereas the existing A component yarn had alkali weight loss of 2.
1% is.

The fiber surface has fiber-like grooves along the axis,
This type of groove and hole also existed inside the fiber.

Composite yarns of 10 levels in Table 1 were used as warp and weft yarns at the same level, and the warp density was 102 yarns/1n.

After it was made into a plain weave with a weft density of 84 threads/in, it was dyed blue using a combination of the usual dyeing process for polyester fabrics and the dyeing conditions for polyamide fabrics. No spots were observed that would pose a particular problem in weaving and dyeing processes.

Table 1 shows some of the characteristics of the obtained dyed fabric. Levels 1.2 and 10 are examples for explaining preferred A component wedge shape levels 3 to 9 of the embodiment of the present invention. Example level 1 has a low hydrophilic Δ component composite ratio and S
is less than 02 and the fiber surface area of the hydrophilic component is small,
A sufficient water absorption effect could not be obtained. Example level 2, R
was less than 025 and S was 1.5 or more, so the penetration of the hydrophilic component into the inside of the fiber was somewhat insufficient, and fibrillation due to friction was observed.

Example level 10 has a high water absorption rate and is good;
When R was 095 or more and S was 1.5 or more, dyeing irritation and fibrillation due to friction were observed. On the other hand, except for the Examples, where levels 3 to 9, for example, water absorption at level 4 and fibrillation at level 9, are just at the target level,
Good fabrics were obtained in all cases.

Table 1 Note 1) Byreck method water absorption height: 2 pieces of woven and knitted fabric 30x30Q
After collecting 2 sheets and sewing them with a sewing machine to prevent holes from forming around them, they were placed in the washing tank of an automatic reversing spiral type electric washing machine.
Add 2% anionic detergent 257 of ±2°0, add 500 g of fabric, and process for 5 minutes under strong conditions in a washing machine. After further centrifugal dehydration for 1 minute, rinse with water overflow for 10 minutes, centrifuge dehydration again for 1 minute, and drip dry.

After repeating the above washing operation four times, five 1 x 20 cm test pieces are taken in each of the vertical and horizontal directions. Grasp one end of this specimen.

The other end is immersed vertically for about 2 cm in distilled water at 20±2°C, and the distance the water rises due to capillary action after 10 minutes is expressed as the average value of 5 times.

t2) Water absorption (simple method): After washing in the same manner as in Note 1), stretch it horizontally on the inlet side of a beaker with a diameter of 3 cm or more.
One-button injection needle CTvRUyro 26G172 fixed with a rubber band without applying any extra tension and adjusted so that distilled water at 20 ± 2 °C drops one drop at a time onto the test piece.
0.45 x 13 cm) is fixed in a holder so that the tip is 5 cm'tML from the surface of the test piece placed horizontally, and a water droplet is dropped onto the test piece, and the diffusion rate of the water droplet at this time is Visually judge the diffusion area.

Note 3) Anti-frost property = i111I constant cloth with friction surface of 12.
Set it in a circular holder of 5c + n', completely moisten it with gauze pre-moistened with distilled water, and apply a pressure load of 750 g between the same measurement cloth and the cloth to be rubbed.
The cloth is rubbed eccentrically at 5 rpm for 10 minutes, and the holder set cloth is left to dry for 4 hours or more, and then the fibrillation state of the single fibers in the rubbed portion is observed with a suitable magnifying glass of 20 times or more.

Example 2 1,1 ethylene was prepared by blending 2.5 li of a block polyether amide composition with a polyethylene terephthalate pellet copolymerized with ordinary polyethylene terephthalate as the B component and 4 moles of ethylene glycol as the A component. using terephthalate,
Using a spinneret with 56 discharge holes in a composite spinning device, the three-lobed cross-section A component as shown in Fig. 3 was spun into a wedge-shaped cross-section.
Stretch it out.

A drawn composite fiber yarn of 75 denier and 36 filaments was obtained. Composite ratio of A component and B component itA:B=20:80.
Spinning temperature 285'a, spinning speed 1200m/m
i n *Stretching speed 350m/min, heat bottle temperature 1
The temperature was 20°C.

The wedge shape of the A component of the obtained yarn has a depth ratio R to the fiber cross section of 0.84. (It was a yarn with a rust angle S of 039. Using this yarn, a knitted fabric was made using a 24-gauge knitting machine.9 It was scoured, opened, intermediate set, alkali weight loss treated, and blackened using the usual processing methods for polyester knitting. It was dyed and finished and set. Table 2 shows the relationship between the alkali weight loss rate and the properties of the knitted fabric.

Levels 11, 12, 18 and 19 are examples for explaining preferred fiber groove shape levels 13 to 17 of nine embodiments of the present invention.

In Example Level 1 and Level 2, the width of the fiber groove was less than 0.4 microns and the depth of the fiber groove was less than 0.3 micron, so the desired squeaky feeling was insufficient.

Example level 18 and level 19 are those in which either the width of the fiber groove or the depth of the groove in the fiber exceeds 2 microns, and the color development of the silk fabric is low, which is also part of the purpose. It was a silk fabric that was not completely satisfactory. In contrast to these example levels 1 and 2.18°19, example levels 13 to 17
Since the width of the fiber groove is in the range of 04 to 20 microns and the depth of the fiber groove is in the range of 06 to 20 micron, there is a squeaky feeling, and the color development ΔL of the knitted fabric is 0 or more, that is, there is no groove. 9 knitted fabrics were obtained that had higher coloring properties than the above fibers and also had high water absorbency.

Note 4) Width and depth of fiber grooves: Microscopically enlarged photograph of the disintegrated yarn of the knitted fabric as shown in Figure 10 - and measure the groove depth Q/T''.

Note 5) Creakiness of knitted fabric: Sensory evaluation was performed by slowly rubbing the surfaces of the knitted fabrics together between the thumb and index finger.

Note 6) Foaming property ΔL of knitted fabric: A knitted fabric colored under same-sex conditions was measured using a digital color measurement color difference calculator manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.
ΔL is the value obtained by subtracting the L value of each level from the L value of the level of the alkali weight loss rate factor (ΔL is O(c) weight loss 0%)
The color development is the same as the knitted fabric, and the positive value of ΔL is color development Sumira, ΔL
A negative value means poor color development).

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIGS. 1 to 4 show cross-sectional examples of the composite synthetic fiber of the present invention. Figures 5 to 8 show cross-sectional examples of the grooved composite synthetic fiber of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a model diagram explaining the form of the hydrophilic component of the composite synthetic fiber of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a model diagram explaining the hydrophilic component and groove configuration of the composite synthetic fiber of the present invention. Bihydrophilic component B: Basic component P: Vertex of A component Q: Point closest to the fiber center of gravity of A component Q': Point closest to the fiber center of gravity of the groove Patent applicant Toshi Co., Ltd. $I Yami Sen2F21 Rod'3 fan grass 7F kakugusa 51 ¥6ω mushroom qq ¥9 throat

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) In a composite synthetic fiber consisting of A component and B component, the A component is a more hydrophilic component than the B component, and the A component has a wedge shape that tapers inward when viewed from the cross section of the fiber. A hydrophilic composite synthetic fiber characterized in that the A component is continuous in the length direction of the fiber. (2) The roughness ratio of the A component to the wedge-shaped fiber cross section is 0.25 to 095, and the wedge angle of the A component is 02 to 1.
．． The scope of claim No. 5 (
The hydrophilic composite synthetic fiber described in Section 1, j. (3) A part of component A has grooves in the inner direction of the fiber. The groove entrance width is 0.4~2.0 microns and the depth is 0.6~2.0 microns.
The hydrophilic composite synthetic fiber according to claim (1), characterized in that the fiber has a diameter in the range of 20 microns. (4) The hydrophilic composite synthetic fiber according to claim 11, characterized in that the composite synthetic fiber is a polyester fiber containing ethylene terephthalate as a main component (gold).