JPH06192940A - Water/moisture-absorbable composite fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a synthetic fiber fabric excellent in water/moisture absorbability, also optimal in the field of clothing with comfortableness. CONSTITUTION:The fabric containing >=50wt.% of composite yarns each of such structure as to arrange polyester fibers 1 >=1 denier in single fiber fineness and >=1.5 in the flatness of single fiber section so as to enclose a group of polyamide fibers 2 with a single fiber fineness of <1 denier. This fabric is excellent in hygroscopicity, having such comfortableness as to be nonsticky to the skin.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a synthetic fiber cloth which is excellent in sweat absorption and hygroscopicity and which is most suitable for the field of comfortable clothes, and further relates to a cloth for clothes which is comfortable even when sweating a lot.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Synthetic fibers have excellent mechanical properties and uniformity,
It has been greatly developed as a fiber for clothing due to its easy care properties. However, they are uniform, but there are problems such as plastic feeling as a problem and cold feeling as a touch, and various improvements have been made to reach their present state. Among them, polyester is a fiber material for clothing that has a very excellent texture due to the technique of imparting a yarn length difference such as different shrinkage mixed fibers, the technique of alkali reduction, and the technique of roughening the fiber surface by combining this technique and the technique of adding a micropore-forming agent. Has grown to

However, there is a problem of hygroscopicity as a major problem that has not yet been solved. As an attempt to solve this problem, an improvement utilizing the capillary phenomenon in consideration of the cross-sectional shape and surface morphology has been proposed, but the effect is small and the sweat-absorbing synthetic fiber has not yet appeared. As another improvement means, a method of chemically modifying polyester has been proposed. For example, a method of copolymerizing or blending a polyalkylene glycol or the like, which originally has a hygroscopic property, is known, but not only unavoidable deterioration of mechanical properties but also a marked decrease in light resistance of the dyed product. There is a considerable limitation on the usable range. As another improvement measure, there is a technique of imparting hydrophilicity by post-processing, but particularly in the case of polyester, there is no processing agent having excellent durability. There is also a method of graft-polymerizing acrylic acid or the like as a means for increasing durability, but polyester requires a swelling agent, which causes problems such as recovery of solvent, deterioration of mechanical properties, and deterioration of light resistance. On the other hand, polyamide is water-based and can be graft-polymerized, and although there are few problems, deterioration of light resistance is inevitable.

[0004] Although various improvements in hygroscopicity are more or less recognized, it does not lead to comfort as it is, and it is necessary to consider the separation of the absorbed moisture from the vicinity of the skin, especially when the amount of sweat is large. In many cases, clothes adhering to the skin feel uncomfortable due to the moisture adsorbed on the fiber surface, and the comfort of sweating cannot be discussed only by the water absorption and moisture absorption capabilities of the fiber. Taking this idea into consideration, hydrophobic fibers are arranged near the surface of the yarn, hygroscopic fibers are arranged in the middle layer, and fine denier fibers are arranged in the innermost layer. However, there is a drawback in that the spun yarn is poor in aesthetics and it is difficult to make a thin yarn because it is a composite spun yarn.

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provides a cloth which is not sticky, has excellent water absorbency and hygroscopicity, and has the grace of filament yarn. It is something to do.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems] Means for solving the above-mentioned problems, that is, the present invention, uses a polyamide fiber group having a single-filament fineness of less than 1 denier as a core and a single-filament fineness of 1 around the core.
A fabric containing at least 50% by weight of a composite yarn arranged so as to be surrounded by denier or more polyester fibers.
A water absorbent / hygroscopic composite fiber cloth, wherein the polyester fiber has a flatness of a cross section of 1.5 or more.
(However, the above flatness is expressed by the major axis length / minor axis length.)

An important point of the present invention is to use a composite structure (thread) in which hydrophilic polyamide fibers are arranged in an inner layer (core portion) and the outer periphery is surrounded by a hydrophobic polyester so as to surround the polyamide fibers. Since the fineness of the polyamide is to be a cloth, it is necessary to increase the fiber surface area from the viewpoint of increasing the moisture absorption rate, and it is necessary to set it to 1 denier or less. In addition, it is desirable to reduce the fineness of the polyamide from the standpoint of subdividing the voids between the fibers because the water retention during water absorption is enhanced. This is necessary so that the fabric retains water between the polyamide fibers when absorbing water (sweat) and does not allow water to flow back to the polyester fibers on the fabric surface. Although it is desirable that the fineness of the polyamide is smaller, 0.1 denier is the limit in view of the productivity of the fiber, the durability when worn, and the coloring property of the dyed product. The fineness of the polyester fiber needs to be 1 denier or more from the viewpoint of imparting a proper amount of tension to the cloth and maintaining durability when worn. Although the upper limit of the thickness is not particularly specified, the single yarn fineness is limited to 5 denier due to the texture of the cloth in the use for clothing. The role of the polyester fiber is to wrap the polyamide fiber and to conceal it from the outside, and the flatness is more effective.

[0008] Polyamide fibers tend to be shunned for clothing applications because they have the problems of light resistance and yellowing of dyed products, but this problem can be solved by covering them with polyester fibers as in the present invention. Further, it can also cover the problem that the light resistance of the polyamide fiber is lowered when grafted as described later. As described above, the cross-sectional shape needs to be flat from the viewpoint of the concealing property which is one of the roles of the polyester fiber, and the flatness defined by the ratio of the length of the major axis to the length of the minor axis is 1.5 or more. Is preferred. When it is less than 1.5, the hiding property is lowered and the polyamide of the inner layer is exposed to cause the above problems. Another role of the polyester fiber is to keep the surface of the fabric hydrophobic, which makes the texture of the fabric dry, reduces stickiness when the fabric absorbs water, and keeps comfort even when sweating a lot.

In order to further enhance these effects, the polyester fiber contains a fine pore forming agent such as inorganic fine particles,
A substance having fine pores on the fiber surface by alkali reduction treatment or the like is more preferable. Further, the water absorption and hygroscopicity thereof vary depending on the number of constituents of the composite in the cloth, and the composite composed of polyamide and polyester in the cloth needs to be 50% or more. It is not possible to maintain comfort due to lack of energy. Further, the hygroscopicity is enhanced by graft-polymerizing an alkali metal salt of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid on polyamide fiber, which is particularly preferable. By graft-polymerizing in an aqueous system, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid is selectively graft-polymerized only to the polyamide fiber to obtain the desired cloth.

A composite composed of polyamide and polyester is formed by applying the sea-island type composite spinning technique, in which polyester is used as the outermost island component and polyamide is used as the other island component, and a gear pump is used from different extruders. And then discharged from another extruder via a gear pump to draw a composite fiber obtained by compounding a polymer that is easily dissolved in an alkaline solution as a sea component, and making it into a cloth. It can be obtained by treating with an alkaline solution to completely elute the sea component and at the same time eluting a part of the polyester.

[0011]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples.

Example 1 Intrinsic viscosity (30 ° C. phenol / tetrachloroethane =
(Measured in 6/4 solvent) is 0.60 and the average equivalent spherical diameter is 0.
A polyester containing 2% by weight of 3 μm of kaolinite was placed on the outermost island (Polymer A), and the relative viscosity (30 ° C.
Nylon 6 (polymer B) having a concentration of 2.5 (concentrated sulfuric acid) was melt-blended with 10% by weight of polyethylene glycol (average molecular weight: 20,000) in the inner layer island, and polyester in which 10 mol% of isophthalic acid component was copolymerized with polyester. Using the polymer (Polymer C) as the sea component, the sea-island type composite fiber shown in FIG. 1 was obtained. The spinning temperature was 280 ° C., and the spinning nozzle was modified from the nozzle described in JP-A-57-29605 so that the island component in the outermost periphery and the island component in the inner layer could be supplied from different gear pumps by different polymer passes. A nozzle for discharging 4 filaments as the composite fiber was used. The discharge amount of each polymer A is 10.4.
g / nozzle / minute, Polymer B was 13.0 g / nozzle / minute, and the film was wound at 1300 m / minute. The same unstretched was stretched 3 times with a hot roller temperature of 80 ° C. and a hot plate temperature of 150 ° C. to obtain a 72 denier 4-filament stretched yarn. After weaving into taffeta using the same yarn, it was scoured and preset. 90 g with 30 g / l caustic soda solution
It was treated at 0 ° C., reduced by 30% by weight, washed with neutralized water, and then subjected to ordinary dyeing and final set. After embedding the obtained cloth in acrylic resin, it was cut with a microtome to a thickness of 5 μm and the structure of the warp and weft was observed with an optical microscope. As shown in FIG. 1, the structure formed during spinning of the composite fiber was completely retained. Was.

After the resin of the section was eluted, a 3,000 times cross-sectional photograph was taken with a scanning electron microscope, and the denier of the constituent fibers was calculated from the cross-sectional area. The outer fibers were 1.0 denier and the inner fibers were 0 denier. It was 0.57 denier. As shown in FIG. 1, the number of constituent filaments of the eluted composite fiber was 6 for the outer peripheral fiber and 13 for the inner layer fiber.
It is a filament.

From the photograph above, the flatness ratio of the outer peripheral fibers was 24.
The average flatness obtained by measuring the individual pieces was 2.3. The water absorption of this sample was evaluated by the following method. Sample at 120 ℃ × 3
After drying for 20 hours and weighing the sample, 20 ℃, 65% RH
After the sample was left in a temperature-controlled room for 12 hours, the sample was measured again to calculate the increase in weight, and the rate of increase relative to the original sample weight was taken as the moisture absorption rate. In addition, spread the cloth on a horizontal surface and 0.5c
Drop water from c at a height of 5 cm, measure the time until it is absorbed into the fabric, and compare the water absorption rates from 1 to 5 by relative comparison.
Layered into grades. (5th grade is better) At the same time, after completely absorbing the water, three minutes later, the water absorption surface was touched with a fingertip to relatively judge the feeling of wetness. The results are shown in Table 1. Polyester 100
An improvement in hygroscopicity was recognized as compared with the case of%.

Example 2 The sample obtained in Example 1 was washed with neutralized water, dried, and graft-polymerized with an alkali metal salt of polyacrylic acid under the following conditions. Grafting conditions: Acrylic acid 20 g / l Ammonium persulfate 0.5 g / l Treatment with an aqueous solution of sodium sulfite 3 g / l at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes Grafting rate 5.6% Using this sample, the hygroscopicity was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1. The hygroscopicity was further improved by the graft polymerization.

Example 3 The drawn yarn obtained in Example 1 was used as a warp, a weft yarn was a 40-count cotton yarn, and the warp yarn density was 160 yarns / inch and the weft yarn density was 8
It was woven into a flat design at 8 strands / inch, and scouring and presetting were carried out through the usual steps. Then, the polymer C was completely eluted by treatment with a 60 g / l caustic soda solution at 50 ° C. for 100 minutes. Finished by dyeing and final setting. Using this sample, the hygroscopicity was evaluated by the same evaluation method as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1. It was a refreshing and hygroscopic fabric.

Comparative Example 1 Except that the polymer B is a polyester containing 0.5% of titanium oxide (having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.63 measured with a solvent of phenol / tetrachloroethane = 6/4), the same as Example 1. Spinning, drawing, knitting, scouring, and alkali weight loss treatment were carried out in the same manner. Further, the hygroscopicity was evaluated by the same method as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1. No hygroscopicity was observed.

[0018]

[Table 1]

[0019]

The fabric of the present invention is a fabric composed of a yarn including a two-layer structure composite yarn having a hydrophobic outer periphery and a hydrophilic inner portion, and therefore has the ability to express the grace of filament yarn and is tacky. It is possible to provide a fabric having both moisture absorption and sweat absorption without feeling.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a cross section of a composite yarn used to construct a fabric of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 is a polyester fiber arranged on the outer periphery, 2 is a polyamide fiber arranged on the core, and 3 is a sea component.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A composite yarn comprising at least 50% by weight of a composite yarn in which a polyamide fiber group having a single yarn fineness of less than 1 denier is used as a core portion and surrounded by a polyester fiber having a single yarn fineness of 1 denier or more. A water-absorbing and hygroscopic composite fiber cloth, which is a cloth, wherein the polyester fiber has a flatness of a cross section of 1.5 or more. (However, the above flatness is expressed by the major axis length / minor axis length.)