JPS599636A - Liquid crystal display body - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the resolution in a multicolor-graphic display in a liquid crystal display body of a dot matrix type, by arranging picture elements with a deviation by each half pitch in (a direction X or Y) for each one line. CONSTITUTION:Picture elements consisting of repetitions of green-, blue-, red-display picture elements are disposed with a deviation by each half pitch at every other one step in the X-axis direction (may be disposed with a deviation in the Y-axis direction as well) whereby a multicolor-graphic display liquid crystal device is formed. It is preferable to use thin film transistors (TFT), etc., to increase the number of lines by utilizing the charge accumulation effect thereof and to enable the use of many picture elements in order to improve display resolution.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display having multi-layer pixels.

FIG. 1 shows a conventional dot matrix type pixel arrangement. Usually, they are arranged in a matrix with rows on the X side and rows on the Y side, and are composed of (n x m) pixels as a whole to display characters and the like. This pixel is driven by a driving method called voltage averaging method.
Multiplex drive that drives lighting/non-lighting data from the X-side electrode to the line selected by the X-side electrode,
This is performed using an active matrix method in which charges are accumulated and driven in pixels via thin film transistors ('TPT) and nonlinear elements. With the recent development of converters, liquid crystal displays are increasingly being used in such terminals. In addition, there has been a demand for a display comparable to ORT that takes advantage of the low power consumption and flatness of liquid crystal display panels. As a result, the possibility of displaying not only characters but also graphics and colors is being pursued. Moreover, when it comes to graphics, display resolution becomes a big problem. However, it is difficult to increase the resolution with a simple X-Y parallel arrangement of pixels as shown in Figure 1, which is a big problem especially when realizing a multi-color display.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to
It is an object of the present invention to provide a means for improving resolution, particularly in multicolor graphic displays.

FIG. 2 is a basic conceptual diagram showing the pixel arrangement of the present invention El14. (a) is a method of shifting every other step by half a pitch in the X direction, and (b) is a method of shifting every other step by a half pitch in the Y direction. Since the resolution of pixels in this arrangement improves in diagonal directions, diagonal lines do not appear unnatural in graphics even in monochrome, and considerable visual resolution can be obtained even with the smallest number of pixels.

Also, when making multicolors, considering that R, G, and B color filters are arranged in a plane, R, G.

Since B is repeatedly arranged at each vertex of the triangle, a fairly satisfactory resolution can be achieved with a small number of pixels even in color graphics.

FIG. 3 is an application example of the multiplex driving method of the present invention. For the arrangement shown in Figure 2 (a), wire the G and X electrodes by shifting them by half a pitch every other row. Here, the X electrode and the Y electrode are usually made of transparent conductive electrodes, and if necessary, a wiring material with a very small width made of a metal thin film O may be arranged in order to lower the wiring resistance.

To increase display resolution, increase the number of pixels.

For this reason, there is a method of improving the number of lines by using T4T as a method that surpasses the conventional multiplex drive due to the charge accumulation effect. FIG. 4 shows pixel 5 using TF'['. The gate line 4 connects a thin film transistor (Tall''
T) Turn ON 1, write lighting or non-lighting data to the pixel, that is, the liquid crystal 2, via the data line 3, and then turn on the TIFT1.
is turned off by the gate line 4, and the charges written in the liquid crystal 2 are accumulated and driven.

FIG. 5 shows an arrangement method for improving resolution according to the present invention using TPT. Consisting of data lines 13 to 15 and gate lines 10 to 12, odd-numbered columns are transistors 1
6 and the image collection electrode 17, but in the even-numbered columns, transistors 19, 22 . The pixel electrodes 21 and 23 are arranged in parallel and are substantially shifted by half a pitch. In this example, the wiring materials for the data lines 13 to 15 and the drive electrodes 17, 20, 21, and 23 are formed in the same layer or on the same layer. When there is no problem in the structure, as shown in FIG. 6, the transistor 25 may be made single and shifted by half a pitch, but the one-plane element electrode 24 may be shifted as is.

FIG. 7 shows another specific example of the present invention using TPT, in which the data lines 30 to 32 are arranged in a zigzag pattern and shifted by half a pitch. The purpose of this method is to make the pixel configurations of the area shifted by half a pitch and the area not shifted by a half pitch exactly the same, thereby eliminating the unnaturalness caused by the shift of half a pitch.

FIG. 8 is a specific example corresponding to the method shown in FIG. 2 (b) using TPT. Data lines 40-42. Gate line 46-4
5, x (along the Ll!I line, in the odd numbered rows, the transistors 46, 48 and the drive 141 pole 47°49 are arranged as usual, but in the even numbered rows, the pixels are arranged above and below). Place in parallel. For example, the gate line 44 turns the transistor 4B950.51 ON L, and the drive electrode 49
, 52.55, and drive pixels shifted by half a pitch. In this case, similar to FIG. 6, if the drive electrode 5 overlaps the gate line 56 as shown in FIG. 9, the effect will be further improved.

FIG. 10 shows a method in which the gate lines 63 to 65 are arranged in a zigzag pattern to shift the drive electrodes by half a pitch, and the effect is the same as that in FIG. 7.

FIG. 11 shows yet another example of arrangement using TNT. Drivers 70 to 73 are directly connected to data lines 77.79°131.83, and data lines 7B and 80.82 are alternately connected to the right or left for each line of the Y-side scan by switches 74 to 76. be done. On the side, gate line 84 is TF
When T is turned on and the switches 74 to 76 are tilted to the left, the same data is written in pairs of I# lines 89 and 90, and 91 and 92, respectively. Next, the gate line 84 turns off the TPT.
The gate line 85 turns on the TPT, and the switch 74 turns on.
~ When 76 falls to the right, pixels 94, 95.96, and 9799
The same data is written in pairs of 8 and 99, and the second
The method shown in Figure (a) can be realized.

In the specific examples shown in FIGS. 5 to 11, six types of R, G, and B color filters are arranged at each drive electrode (pixel) according to the principle shown in FIG. 2, as a matter of course.

Also, as a matter of course, the same color filters are assigned to the pixel pairs to which the same data is written, for example 89 and 90 in FIG. It is difficult to realize a multi-color display panel by using three primary colors or a triangular arrangement.

Furthermore, as a means of realizing a high-resolution panel, there is a method using a nonlinear element in a driving method similar to TPT driving. 1st
FIG. 2 shows the configuration of a pixel 100 using a nonlinear element 103. This method uses a nonlinear element 103 to drive the liquid crystal 104 between the timing line (corresponding to the Y electrode in FIGS. 1 and 6) and the data line 102, and the nonlinear element has low resistance and low resistance under high voltage. Under pressure, the resistance becomes high and the data line 10
2 and timing line 101 to write lighting data with the nonlinear element in a low resistance state, and then by lowering the voltage, the nonlinear element is brought into a high resistance state and pixel charge is accumulated and driven. . Specifically, this nonlinear element is Ta or Nb.

A structure in which an oxide film such as T1 is sandwiched between metal electrodes is most often used.

FIGS. 13 to 15 are examples of configurations of high-resolution pixels using nonlinear elements. Although the Y-shaped electrode for scanning is omitted in this figure, it actually exists across the liquid crystal layer as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3.

FIG. 16 shows data 1ii105 to 108 connected to pixel (drive electrode) 1 via nonlinear elements 109, 111, and 113.
10, 112, and 114 are configured. data line 10
Nonlinear elements 111 and 113 connected in parallel to drive electrodes 112 and 114 write the same data to drive electrodes 112 and 114, and as a result, the electrode configuration shown in FIG. 2(a) can be realized.

In FIG. 14, data lines 111, 112, and 115 are wired in a zigzag pattern, resulting in the configuration shown in FIG. 2(A).

FIG. 15 shows a method that uses pixels efficiently, that is, increases the drive electrode ratio and eliminates the unnaturalness caused by half-pitch shift. Data line drivers 120-123 are directly connected to data lines 127-130, and data lines 131-1
34, the connection point to the driver is switched for each scanning Y electrode by switches 124 to 126. For example, when an odd-numbered scan electrode is selected, the switch 12
4 to 126 are tilted to the left, so drive electrodes 166 and 137, and 138 and 169 form a pair and the same data is written. On the other hand, when an even-numbered scanning electrode is selected, switches 124 to 126 are tilted to the right, and switches 141 and 142,
143 and 144 and 145 and 146 form a pair and the same data is written. As a result, the equivalent figure 2 (a)
The electrode configuration is as follows.

In FIGS. 13 to 15, a multicolor display can also be realized by assigning and arranging color filters to each drive electrode. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 15, color filters R1141 and R142 are assigned G, R1141 and R144 and B are assigned to the drive electrodes 136 and 137, and the color filters are arranged above or below the drive electrodes.

As described above, the present invention basically consists of Figures 2 (a) and (
With the electrode arrangement (pixel arrangement) as in (b), a display body with sufficient resolution for graphics and even color graph ink can be realized.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows the pixel structure of a dot matrix panel, which is a conventional liquid crystal display, and FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b) show the basic structure of a high-resolution pixel (drive electrode) of the present invention. FIG. 3 shows an example of the drive electrode configuration of the present invention in multiplex drive. Further, FIG. 4 shows the UL structure of a pixel using a thin film transistor, and FIGS. 5 to 11 show examples of realizing a high-resolution pixel of the present invention using the thin film transistor. Furthermore, FIG. 12 shows the configuration of a pixel using a nonlinear element,
FIGS. 16 to 15 are examples of realizing high-resolution pixels of the present invention using nonlinear elements. 1...Thin film transistor 103...Nonlinear element 70-73, 120-123...Data line driver or above Applicant Suwa Seikosha Co., Ltd. Agent Patent attorney Tsutomu Mogami No. 1 Figure A 5 2 [A 1 Figure 3? :S 4 1 Ku I No. 5 i'1

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a liquid crystal display in which drive electrodes for display are arranged in a matrix at a constant pitch in both the X and Y directions, each row in the X direction or each column in the Y direction,
A liquid crystal display characterized by arranging pixels with a half-pitch or shifted matrix pitch. (2) A liquid crystal display according to claim 1, wherein color filters of R (red), G (green), and B (blue) are arranged at a constant repetition period in each pixel. body.