JPH02244026A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the resolving power in a graphic display, etc., by flatly disposing the central positions of the picture elements in one line or row of the plural picture elements which are adjacent to each other and are formed at the intersected points of video signal lines and scanning signal lines in the state shifted with the central position of the picture elements in other line or row. CONSTITUTION:The picture element arrangement is shifted by a half pitch each at every other step in a direction X or shifted by a half pitch each at every other step in a direction Y. Since the picture elements of this arrangement are improved in the resolving power in a diagonal direction, diagonal lines do not lose the naturality even in a monochromatic or graphic display and the fairly visually sensible resolving power is obtd. even with the fewest picture elements. R, G and B are repeatedly disposed at the respective vertexes of triangles when the plane disposition of the color filters R, G, B is taken into consideration at the time of forming the multicolor display. The resolving power which is fairly satisfactory even with the fewer picture elements is obtd. in this way even with the color graphic display.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display having matrix pixels.

Figure 1 shows a conventional dot matrix type pixel arrangement.1 Normally, they are arranged in a matrix with n rows on the X side and m columns on the Y side, and the whole is made up of (n x m) pixels. , characters, etc. are displayed. The drive 9h of this pixel is
Multiplex driving, which drives lighting/non-lighting data from the X (full electrode) to the line selected by the side electrode, and active matrix driving, which stores charge in pixels and drives them through thin film transistors (TPTs) and nonlinear elements. Recently, with the development of computers, there has been an increase in the number of opportunities for liquid crystal displays to be used in terminals. As a result, the display content is not limited to characters, but the possibility of graphics and color display is being pursued.Moreover, when it comes to graphics, display resolution becomes a big problem.However, It is difficult to increase the resolution with a simple X-Y descending pixel arrangement as shown in FIG. 1, which is a major problem when realizing a multi-color display.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to
The object of the present invention is to provide a means for increasing the resolution, especially in multicolor graphic displays.

FIG. 2 is a basic conceptual diagram showing the pixel arrangement of the present invention.
(a) is a method of shifting every other step by half a pitch in the X direction, and (b) is a method of shifting every other step by a half pitch in the Y direction. Since the resolution of pixels in this arrangement is oriented diagonally, diagonal lines do not appear unnatural in graphics even in monochrome, and even with the smallest number of pixels, considerable visual resolution can be achieved.

Also, when making multi-colors, considering that R, G, and H color filters are arranged in a plane, R, G.

Since B is repeatedly arranged at each IF point of the triangle, a fairly satisfactory resolution can be achieved with a small number of pixels even in color graphics.

FIG. 3 is an application example of the multiplex driving method of the present invention. For the arrangement shown in Figure 2 (a)), wire the l poles by shifting them by half a pitch every other row, where
The electrodes and Y electrodes are usually made of transparent I4 conductive electrodes, and if necessary, a wiring material of a very small width made of a gold aS film may be arranged in order to lower the wiring resistance.

To increase display resolution, increase [1jlP: number.

Therefore, as a method that surpasses the conventional multiplex drive, there is a method of using TPT to improve the number of lines due to the charge product effect. No. 411 shows a picture 1g5 using TPT, and a thin film transistor (TPT) l is connected by gate a4.
is turned ON, the lighting father writes non-lighting data into the pixel, ie, the liquid crystal 2, through the data line 3, and then the TFTI is turned OFF through the gate line 4, and the charges written in the liquid crystal 2 are accumulated and driven.

FIG. 5 shows an arrangement method for improving resolution according to the present invention using T and F T. data! 1113-15
, gate lines 10 to 12, and the odd-numbered columns have a normal arrangement such as a transistor 16 and a pixel electrode 17, while the even-numbered columns have a data line 14 and a transistor 19,
22. The pixel electrodes 21 and 23 are arranged in parallel and are substantially shifted by half a pitch. In this example, the data 1il13-15
The wiring material and the drive electrodes 17, 20, 21, 23 are in the same layer,
Or, if they are formed on the same layer, but if the structure allows the data line and drive electrode to overlap, the sixth
As shown in the figure, even though the transistor 25 is made single and shifted by half a pitch, the pixel electrode 24 may be shifted as is.

FIG. 7 shows another specific example of the present invention using TPT, in which the data $1130 to $32 are zigzag and shifted by half a pitch by 1.
°It is the force method. The purpose of this method is to make the 1g configurations of the area shifted by 12 pitches and the area not shifted exactly the same, thereby eliminating the unnaturalness caused by shifting by half a pitch.

FIG. 8 is a specific example corresponding to the method shown in FIG. 42 (b) using TPT. Data lines 40-42, gate #s43
~45, transistors 48, 48 and drive electrodes 47, 49 are arranged as usual in the odd-numbered columns along the X-side line, but in the even-numbered columns, pixels are arranged in parallel above and below the gate line. 0 For example, the transistor 48.50°51 is ONL by the gate line 44, and the drive electrode 49, 52.53
Data is written to drive pixels shifted by '11 pitch. In this case, similar to FIG. 6, if the drive electrode 58 is overlapped with the gate line 56 as shown in FIG. 9, the effect will be further improved.

FIG. 10 shows a method in which the gate lines 63 to 65 are arranged in a zigzag pattern to shift the drive electrodes by half a pitch, and the effect is the same as that in FIG. 7.

FIG. 11 shows yet another example of arrangement using TPT. Drivers 70-73 are directly connected to data lines 77.79°81.83, and data lines 78, 80.82 are alternately connected to the right or left for each line of Y-side scan by switches 74-76. For example, if the gate line 84 is TPT
is turned on, and the switches 74 to 76 are turned to the left. 90.91 and 92 are bare and the same data is written. Next, the gate line 84 turns off the TPT, and the gate line 85 turns off the TPT. Turn on the switch 74-7.
When 6 falls to the right, pixels 94, 95 degrees, 96, 97, 98, and 99 are bare and the same pig is written, and the method shown in Figure 2 (a) can be realized.

In the specific examples shown in FIGS. 5 to 11, as a matter of course, R, G, and B color filters 3 f! Reference numeral 11 is arranged at each drive electrode (pixel) according to the principle shown in FIG. Also, as a matter of course, the same color filters are assigned to the pixel bears to which the same data is written, for example 89 and 90 in FIG.
The three primary colors of red), G (green), and B (blue) are arranged in a triangular shape to realize a multicolor display panel.

Furthermore, as a means of realizing a high-resolution panel, there is a method using a nonlinear element in a driving method similar to TPT driving. 1st
FIG. 2 shows the configuration of an image 1g100 using the nonlinear element 103. Timing line (corresponds to the Y electrode in Figures 1 and 3)
It is a β formula that uses a nonlinear element 103 to drive the liquid crystal 104 between the data line 102 and the data line 102, and -II/linear element r- has low resistance at high voltage Tζ, and g? 11111i under Tt pressure
Is there a high voltage between the data line 102 and the timing line 101? l! Multiply J and E to write lighting data with the nonlinear element in a 11°C resistance state, then lower the voltage to J1~! This is a method of driving the image cumulative current tU by #product by setting the iA type cumulative signal to a high/low IA state.

Specifically, this nonlinear element most often has a structure in which an oxide film of Ta, Nb, Ti, or the like is sandwiched with a metal electrode.

FIGS. 13 to 15 are examples of configurations of high-resolution f1 pixels using nonlinear elements. Although the scanning Y-side electrode is omitted in this figure, it actually exists across the liquid crystal layer as shown in Figures 1 and 3 of the 4-year-old iris.

Figure 13 shows pixels (driving? [1 pole) via 41 linear elements 109, 111, 113 for data lines 105 to 108.
110, 112, and 114 are configured. data line 1
For 06, nonlinear elements 111 and 11 connected in 16 columns
3 Niyo F), XK a#? The same data is written in [f, pole 112, etc.] 14, and as a result, the electrode configuration shown in FIG. 2(a) can be realized.

In FIG. 14, data lines 111, 112, and 113 are wired in a zigzag pattern, resulting in the configuration shown in FIG. 2(A).

FIG. 15 shows a method that uses pixels efficiently, that is, increases the drive electrode ratio and eliminates the unnaturalness caused by shifting by half a pitch. Data line drivers 120-123 are directly connected to data lines 127-130, and data lines 131-130 are directly connected to data lines 127-130.
134, the connection point to the driver is switched for each scanning Y electrode by switches 124 to 126. For example, when the scanning electrode numbered "1" is selected, switch 1 is selected.
24 to 126 are tilted to the left, so the drive electrode 136
137, 138, and 139 form a pair, and the same data is written. On the other hand, when the even-numbered scanning electrodes are selected, the switches 124 to 126 fall to the right, and the switches 141 and 142
143 and 144 and 145 and 146 form a pair and the same data is written.

As a result, the electrode configuration equivalently becomes as shown in FIG. 2(A).

In FIGS. 13 to 15, a multicolor display can also be realized by assigning color filters to each drive electrode and arranging them. For example, the example shown in FIG. ! ::137G:l;tR, G color filters are assigned to 141 and 142, B color filters are assigned to 143 and 144, and the color filters are arranged at or below the drive electrode 1U.

・As described below, the present invention basically consists of the structure shown in FIG. 2 (a).
With the electrode arrangement (pixel arrangement) as shown in (b), it is possible to realize a display with sufficient resolution for graphics, even color graphics.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a pixel configuration diagram of a 1-nit 7-trix panel, which is a conventional liquid crystal display, and Figures 2 (a) and (b) are basic configuration diagrams of a high-resolution pixel (drive electrode) of the present invention. It is. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the drive electrode configuration of the present invention in multiplex drive. Also, Figure 4 is a configuration diagram of a pixel using thin film transistors, and from Figure 5! 1r111 is a diagram showing an example of realizing a high-resolution pixel of the present invention using the FBI film transistor. Furthermore, FIGS. 1 and 2 are configuration diagrams of pixels using nonlinear elements, and FIGS. 13 to 15111 are diagrams showing examples of realizing high-resolution pixels of the present invention using nonlinear elements. l...M@transistor 103...Nonlinear element 70-73, 120-123...Data line driver and above Applicant: Seiko Epson Co., Ltd. agent Patent attorney Kizobe Suzuki and 1 other person Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 14 Figure 15 Scope of Claims. Procedural amendment (voluntary) March 1990! 3rd, 2nd, Name of the invention: Simple matrix type liquid crystal display device 3, Relationship to the person making the amendment Applicant: 2-4-1 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo (236) Representative Director of Seiko Epson Corporation Tsuneya Nakamura 4 , Attorney 1 amends the title of the invention to be "liquid crystal display device" and 6 to "simple matrix liquid crystal display device 1." 2. Amends the scope of the claims as shown in the attached sheet.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a liquid crystal display in which drive electrodes for display are arranged in a matrix at a constant pitch in both the X and Y directions, each row in the X direction or every column in the Y direction is arranged at a half pitch in a matrix. A liquid crystal display device characterized by having pixels arranged with a shifted pitch. (2) A liquid crystal display according to claim 1, wherein color filters of R (red), G (green), and B (blue) are arranged at a constant repetition period in each pixel. Device.