JPS5929297A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument that controls the tempo of automatic performance. Conventionally, music data such as a melody is stored, and the music data is sequentially read out by counting a tempo clock that advances automatic performance, and the performance timing of the read music data and the keyboard of the key corresponding to the music data are stored. In this comparison, if the key press timing is later than the performance timing, the generation of the tempo clock is stopped, and the tempo clock is adjusted using tempo correction data related to the earlier or later key press timing. An electronic musical instrument that achieves synchronization between key-depressed performance and automatic performance through frequency control is known from Patent Application No. 78784 filed in 1980. However, with such conventional electronic musical instruments, if the timing of key presses is significantly off due to a difficult point in the performance, the subsequent tempo may be changed too much. That recovery trap took a very long time. This invention was made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and it is possible to
Then, KL, so as not to drastically change the tempo from then on.
The aim is to provide beginners with easy-to-use electronic musical instruments. Therefore, the present invention detects the performance difficulty level of the note to be played, and uses tempo correction data formed from the performance data read by the reading means and the performance data corresponding to the performance by the performance operation means. The degree of tempo correction (the degree of tempo correction) is controlled in accordance with the degree of failure of the ML performance. This invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows this invention. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of an electronic musical instrument to which the key art I is applied. In FIG.
Turn on the key switch corresponding to the pressed key. The press B detection circuit 2 scans the key switch, detects the turned-on key switch, that is, the (9) key, and outputs key information (key code) KC representing that key in a time-division manner. , it outputs (JN) as a binary key-on signal, indicating that the key is not pressed.Key code J (C is, for example, a 2-bit octave code representing the metave a range as shown in Table 1 VC). IJ2
．． A 4-pit note code that represents IJ and the note name of J2 within one mectaf: N4, Ns, N2, N
+,,, /- /7,' / /' The key code KC and key-on signal KON output from the first key press detection circuit 2 are sent to the sound generation channel assignment circuit 3 and the melody pitch data extraction circuit 4. It will be done. The sound generation channel assignment circuit 3 receives, as other inputs, obbligado pitch data ON outputted from a chord/opligado data extraction circuit 200, which will be described later, and a plurality of key codes indicating chord constituent tones outputted from the subordinate tone forming circuit 5. CKC and a key code BKC indicating the bass sound output from the pace sound forming circuit 6 are added. The subordinate note forming circuit 5 forms a plurality of key codes CKC representing chord constituent notes based on the chord base data CH output from the chord/obligado data extraction circuit 200. Note that the chord base data CH is a 6-bit binary code consisting of 4-bit data indicating the note name of the root note of the chord (see Table 1) and 2-bit data indicating the type of chord (major, mica, seventh). To show an example of key code CKC formation in the subordinate note forming circuit 5, when the chord type is major, perfect 1 is applied to the root note.
The key code CK C is formed to indicate notes that are in the interval relationship of degree, major third, and perfect fifth, and when the chord type is mica, the interval is perfect 1st, minor 3rd, and perfect 5th relative to the root note. Forms the key code c rc c that indicates the notes in the relationship, and when the chord type a is the seventh, the key indicates the notes that are in the interval relationship of the #''ii root note, perfect 1st, major 3rd, and minor 7th. The bass tone forming circuit 6 is based on the chord base data CII outputted from the chord/oprigade data extraction path 200 and the bass pattern signal BP outputted from the automatic accompaniment pattern signal generation circuit 7. Key code L indicating the bass note
The automatic accompaniment pattern signal generation circuit 7 will now be described.The automatic accompaniment pattern signal generation circuit 7F'i generates a chord corresponding to the rhythm selected by the rhythm selection switch (not shown). A tempo control circuit 50 generates a sound generation timing signal CT, a bass sound generation timing signal BT, a rhythm pattern signal ItP, and a base pattern signal Bp, which will be described later.
It is generated by the tempo clock TCL outputted from 0 and is composed of a pattern memory and an address counter. The pattern memory stores a plurality of chord sound generation timing patterns, bass sound sound generation timing patterns, rhythm patterns, and bass patterns for each rhythm. The patterns for each rhythm stored in this pattern memory are selected by the rhythm selection switch, and each of the selected patterns is sequentially read out using the count value of the address counter counting the tempo clock TCL as an address signal. Note that the chord sound generation timing signal CT and the bass sound sound generation timing signal BT are number 43 indicating the sound generation timing of automatic chord sound and automatic bass sound, respectively, and the rhythm pattern signal RP indicates the type of rhythm sound to be generated and its generation timing. The bass pattern signal Bp is a signal indicating the interval relationship corresponding to the root tone of the automatic bass note that should be produced. The base tone forming circuit 6 adds the key code indicating the root of the TII note in the input chord name data CH and the pace pattern signal 13 P7, so that the K and C roots have a predetermined pitch relationship. Key code B K indicating the bass note
form C. Incidentally, when the base pattern signal BP corresponds to the interval of a major third, and the chord type of the chord name data CH is "ma f", the base tone forming circuit 6 changes the base pattern signal UP to the interval of a minor third. Modify and add accordingly. The sound generation channel allocation circuit 3 is a channel to which the key code KC output from the key press detection circuit 2 is exclusively allocated.
A channel to which the mebriguard pitch data ON outputted from the chord/obligado data extraction circuit 200 is exclusively assigned, a channel to which the key code CK C indicating the chord constituent tones outputted from the subordinate tone forming circuit 5 is exclusively assigned, and the bass tone. Key code IJ K C't-dedicated K that indicates the bass sound output from the formation circuit 6! l! Guess IJ? has a predetermined number of sounding channels consisting of channels,
The above-mentioned key codes are appropriately assigned to these sound generation channels, and the key code I (C* assigned and stored to each channel is time-divisionally output to the musical tone forming circuit 8. The musical tone forming circuit 8 receives signals from the sound generating channel allocation circuit 3 A musical tone signal is formed based on the key code KC* added in a time-division manner.The key code K output from the key press detection circuit 2
The musical tone signal formed based on C is subjected to open/close envelope control by the key-on signal KONK output from the key press detection circuit 2, and the musical tone signal formed based on the key code CK indicating chord constituent notes is
The musical tone signals formed based on the key code BKC indicating the C and bass notes are subjected to open/close envelope control based on the chord sound generation timing signal CT and the bass sound sound generation timing signal BT generated from the automatic accompaniment pattern signal generation circuit 7, respectively. Ru. The musical tone signal formed by the musical tone forming circuit 8 is sent to an amplifier 9.
The signals are amplified and added to the speaker 10, where they are produced as melody tones, chords, bass tones, and obbligato tones. Further, the rhythm sound source circuit 11 generates rhythm sound signals indicating various rhythm sounds in accordance with the rhythm pattern signal RP generated from the automatic accompaniment pattern signal generation circuit 7, and adds this to the speaker 1o via the amplifier 9, Pronounce it as a sound. Next, tempo control for automatic performance of an electronic musical instrument will be explained. First, the data format of the automatic performance data output from the external recording means 12 will be explained. The external recording means 12 is a magnetic card/tape, punch card, bar code, etc., and as shown in FIG. Data is recorded in the form of serial data according to the order of description. Note that mark data DM, ~DM+t for identifying each data is recorded at the beginning of each data. The melody pitch data and the oprigade speech data each indicate pitch, and are composed of 6-bit binary codes (see Table 1). The melody note length data and obbligado note length data indicate the length of a note or rest, respectively, and can be made up of 4 notes using 6-bit binary code. An example of note length data is shown in Table 2. 2nd 1st to 11th note data e indicates the chord name of the chord H to be generated; Jll 1 name data and timing data indicating the chord generation timing are included, in 6-bit and 10-bit binary codes, respectively. configured. In addition, the Japanese name data is iiJ due to the H extrusion of the nlJ M's Obligado pitch data. , the timing data is stored at the storage address in the data memory 14 after the opligado tl high data of the obbligado sounds to be generated at the same time is transferred to the data memory 14, which will be described later. It corresponds to this. Each data recorded in the external recording means 12 can be
111 data input device JISi is read in the form of 7 real data. The music data input device I3e converts the read serial data into parallel data, and supplies the melody pitch data, melody note length data, opligado pitch data, obligado pitch data, and book 11 note data to the data memory 14. In addition, 311-inclusive control data' including mark data DM+~I)Mn
11ζAM, trandom, axis memory) is supplied to the convolution control circuit 15. Data memory 11i each data f! t4U K storage area :f], write each data if to the corresponding storage area and read from the Rbj, e area. Each storage area has five counters 16a that output a corresponding address signal.
-16d. 1tAM writing system 1 circuit 15) Music data human power system f'
Each data 1 supplied from t 13 to data memo January 4
1r is written to each storage area Uρ corresponding to each data in the data memory 14, tllTl, -1-j''
Music data input device May 13 to 7-ku data 1) M,
When you input the message "1 day sound 1311 data
Counter 16 of address counter 16 corresponding to territory
enable operation of the music data input device j13.
The melody pitch data is sent from 1.1. IteNeru Bu IJ
ni R eating way r nunta I6n 蓓'力' nntasof. Well, let's get it. Callan 16 R#i The B1 value is outputted to the data memory 14 as an address signal, and the melody height data ν4 is written into the address indicated by the address signal. /, r, 1e A M write side subcircuit 15 writes mark data I)81. At the same time as inputting the address No. 43 of the counter 16a, the melody scale and the data record 1. The counter is initially set to indicate the start address of area a.In this way, when all the melody pitch data) is completed, I(A rvl W system atil 1m
K"; 515 is 7-K data I) input 8.11, t
Similarly to 'j'l ili[2, melody note length data is written from the start address of the core storage area to the storage area corresponding to the mejidi note length data of the data memo IJM. Below, It A M'p! 5V] Every time mark data D M s, D M 4, D M y is input, obbligado pitch data and obbligado note are stored in the storage area corresponding to the mark data from the start address of the storage area. Write long data and chord data. Next, a case will be described in which the switch 17 is turned on after all automatic calculation data has been written into the data memory 14. When the start switch 17 is turned on, the RAM read control circuit 18 initializes the address counter 16 so that each counter in the address counter 16 indicates the start address of the corresponding storage area, and then reads data from the data memory 4 to 4. Controls the address counter 16 to sequentially read out melody pitch data and melody note length data corresponding to the first and second notes of the melody, and obbligado pitch data and obbligado note length data corresponding to the first note of the obbligado. do. That is, the RAM readout control circuit 18 is a counter 16a of the address counter 16 corresponding to the storage area of melody sound product data and melody note length data. JGb is operated at 6J, and each counter is 16”%.
] (Data memory 1 based on address No. 48 of i b
Read the melody pitch data: Id and melody note length data corresponding to the first note of the melody from 4. ej7. Then, the counters 16n and L6b are counted up to read out melody if'JTr data and 70-day note length data corresponding to the P112 note of the melody. Similarly,
Obrigado pitch data and Obrigado t; counter 16c and Ifid of the address counter 16 corresponding to the storage area of 1-length data are set to mh production nJ function, and the corresponding force')
7ri] ('+(!. J
"Dark" 6 and Mebriguard note length data. It should be noted that the primary melody read request number n M
Iζ is output, and the counter 16 of the address counter 16
Every time c and June 6d are counted up, the next obligate h is output request signal UNIζ.
The ζAM readout control circuit 18 drives the counter 16e of the address counter 16 corresponding to the storage area of the chord data at the speaking speed, and reads the obligate pitch data'! 6 and obligate note length data, all chord data is read from the data memory 14. Data output month circuit 19 is + II - search circuit 19
Of each data read from the data memory 14, including obbligado pitch data ONl, obbligado note length data OLI, and chord name data CHI, 111
Everyone, Onori Guard Data 111! The output circuit 200 outputs the melody acoustic data M N 2 J,i and the melody note length data MIJ2 to the melody data extraction circuit 100. Note that the 1 (one-note hitch circuit 19a) uses the address counter 16 when reading the obligate pitch data.
λ is read out from the dark memory 14 at high speed based on the address No. 4U output from the counter 16c.
11■ Search the timing data of the Japanese data indicating the GiJ address signal address from the data,
This timing data and a pair of chord name data CII 1
Melody data extraction circuit 1 100V data output circuit 1
0mega melody pitch data M N 2 and melody note length dark M L 2 are added, and 1ζA8l reading system (,
At the 111th time, next melody read request signal M from 1ii IR
NR is added, ten and Jζ clock 1' CL are added from the tempo control circuit 500 described later, and the melody pitch data of these (the melody to be played based on the it number ft1 note preceding melody sound) MN1 and ME are D note length data ML], melody pitch data of the melody note being played H・i Nic; Yohime 17 day note JA data ML, Denbo system? , 11 Reading of melody data (melody f Akane data and melodima'1 length data) from the stop command I to No. 5/IPl and data memory] 4 used to stop the output of the tempo clock from the circuit 500 Directive (M number M L
This is to take out U. m 3 and 1 shows details of the melody data retrieval circuit 100 (111 example). When MNR is added,
The latch circuits 101 and 102 each receive melody pitch data M N applied from the data output circuit 19.
2 t, r, and melody note length data ML2 are latched, and the latch circuits 103 and 104 respectively latch the melody pitch data MN1 and melody note length data MLI that were previously latched by the latch circuits 10 and 102, and the melody note length data is Counter 105 is reset. Immediately after the start switch 17 is turned on, the signal MN [has been output 11 times with the reading of the two melody data, so the melody pitch data MNI and the melody sound data MLI latched by the latch circuits 101 and 102 are correspond to the first note of the melody that is about to be played, and the latch circuits 103 and 104Vi silent pitch data (v, binary code other than the key code shown in Table 1) and blank i;) length data (all in total). '0' is latched. Melody pitch data M latched by the latch circuit 101
HI is the tempo correction degree control circuit 300, the tempo control circuit 5
00 and the melody note length data MLI added to the display device and latched by the latch circuits 102 and 103, and the melody high data MN are each 1L. Tempo correction degree; 1111? In addition to the n circuit 300, the melody note length data ML latched in the latch circuit 7L and 04 is applied to the B input of the comparator 106, the tempo correction circuit 300, and the tempo control circuit 500. The display device 20t is composed of lamps placed on each key, and by lighting the lamp corresponding to the manually input melody pitch data MN4, -[6 to be pressed: +! Display ¥. The display device [20] lights up the key corresponding to the first note of the melody based on the Melody High School data MNI. The comparator 106 removes the lower two bits from the melody note length counter 105 which counts the tempo clock 'I'eL by 1 (the parallel output of the i'l bit is added to the input as note length data -C). It compares each note length data applied to the A manual and the 8 manual input, and when they match, outputs a melody code length matching signal MLEQ.In this case, the melody restriction length counter 105 outputs the signal ΔIN1.
ζ resets the tempo clock 105), and inputs no equal length data (after resetting, three tempo clocks i'cL are added to the melody note length counter 105, but the fourth tempo clock i'CL is added to the melody note length counter 105. Stop command signal M
I' (Fig. 4 (mountain @ II (because one is stopped at ()), the comparator 106 outputs a match signal MLEQ (-1
) (see FIG. 4(C)) is added to the AND circuit 107 to enable the AND circuit JO7 to operate. After being reset, the melody note length counter 105 receives three tempo clocks TCL as shown in FIG. Signal through “1”
′, so the AND times P? 5107 is
When the fourth tempo clock TCL is added to the melody note length counter 105, the signal "1" is stopped by the command signal MP.
tempo control times p? l50
0 and also outputs to the AND circuit 109. Here, the melody performance corresponding to the first note number τ of the melody is performed at the performance time tKoN (see FIG. 4(b)),
When the fourth tempo clock TCL is output from the tempo control circuit 500 after the note length color/reset 105 is reset,
AND circuit]09 converts this tempo clock TCL into a melody data read command signal MLU (see FIG. 4(e)).
It is output to the ζAM read control circuit 18 as . When the output command signal MLU is input to the RAM output index control circuit 18, counters 18a and 18b of the address counter 18 are immediately counted up, and the data memory 14 containing melody data corresponding to the third note of the melody is also read out. , next melody read request signal MNR (fourth
1kl (see f)) is output. As a result, the latch circuits 101 and 102Fi output melody pitch data MNI and melody note length data MLl corresponding to the second note of the melody, respectively, and the latch circuits 103 and 104 respectively output the melody pitch data MNI and melody note length data MLl corresponding to the second note of the melody.
-IN and melody note length data MI are output to the melody pitch data corresponding to the note. Display device 20# Yu, Rakuchi I! Based on the melody pitch data M'NI corresponding to the second note of the melody output from the two-circuit JOI, the key to be pressed next is displayed by lighting, and the melody output from the comparator 1061113 and the latch circuit 104 is also output. fJ 1 [Input the melody note length data ML corresponding to the eye. Comparator 106 inputs melody note length counter 105 to
The note length data corresponding to the melody playing time t) [after ON is added, and from the time t0 when these note length data match, the melody note length match signal M L E Q is generated in the same way as above. (See Section 5, Section 1(c)). Then, after the AND circuit 107 outputs the signal MLEQ, the tempo clock TCL of number 3g is output from the tempo control circuit 500 to the melody length counter 105, and the stop command signal MP1m5 is output (d). reference)
When the AND circuit 109# outputs the fourth tempo clock TCL, the read command signal MLU (see FIG. 5) is output.
e) Output (see). Furthermore, as shown in Part 5, Part 1 (b), there is a point in time t when the performance time t and KON match. If the melody matching signal M I (E Q
Matched by

The fourth and subsequent tempo clocks TCL after 0 are not stopped. In this way, the melody data retrieval circuit 100 extracts the melody pitch data M, N1 of the melody tone preceding the melody note by one note and the melody pitch data M L for each melody performance.
1. Melody pitch data MN and melody note length data PII of the melody tone being played. I stop command signal 11), and melody read command 4@
Take the issue MLU. A11 sound/Mebriguard data extraction number 1 path 200 is added with Obliguard sound product data UNI, Mebriguard pitch data OLI, and chord name data CII i from Deku IJJ No Tsukido 1 path 19, and is read out from the RAM read control circuit 18. Then, an off-reguard read request signal ONR is applied to the tempo clock'
l' CL is added, and the melody data is extracted based on these signals (!, !L 100 and 4I 1;
Automatic sweat! Metsuburi guard sound of official card H played 1N data ON, own town υ played O[1M
・Reading of chord name data C11 corresponding to the bass note and obbligado data (mebrigado pitch data and obbligado ladle length data) from data memory 4 fr
4th order a; (It is for extracting the number MLU. vrs a ryt shows a detailed configuration example of the above-mentioned chord/mebriguard data extraction path 200. When the next obli-guard read request correction signal ONR is added in accordance with
NI, chord name data CH], and obbligado note length data OL1, and the obbligado note length counter 204 is reset by this signal ONH. Note that immediately after the start switch 170 is turned on, the signal O
Since NR is not output, the latch circuits 201 and 203 latch the fJT of the obbligado, the obbligado pitch data ONI corresponding to the first note, and the obbligado note length data OL1. 20
In No. 2, the chord name data CHI indicating the chord to be pronounced together with the [] interval of Oprigado is also not latched. The latch circuit 203 latches unsigned length data (all "0"). The obbligated code length data Ol, (unsign length data) latched by the latch circuit 203 is applied to the B input of the comparator 205. To the input of the comparator 2050A, the parallel output of the upper bits excluding the lower two pits is added as code length data from the obbligard code length counter 204 that counts the tempo clock TCL. The comparator 205 compares each code length data applied to the A input and the B input, and outputs an oprigade match signal 0LEQ when they match. Obrigado note length counter 20
4 outputs non-sign length data like the melody mark length counter 105, so the comparator 205 #'i match signal 0LEQ is added to the AND circuit 2Q6, and the AND circuit 2
Make 06 operational. The obbrigade note length counter 204 inputs three tempo clocks TCL after being reset, and the outputs of the lower two bits are both @l'', so the AND circuit 207
outputs a signal 11" through the AND circuit 206. Here, the melody corresponding to the first note of the melody is played, and the tempo control circuit 500 outputs a signal 11".
When the fourth tempo clock TCL is output after the reset of 4, the AND circuit 208 outputs this tempo clock TCL.
Let L be the obligate data read command signal OLU and R
It is output to the AM read control circuit 18. RAM read control circuit Ill read command signal. ■When U is input, the counters 18c and 18d of the address counter 18 are immediately counted up and the second
Data memo of Oprigard data corresponding to Onme Busy January 4th
At the same time, the next obligate read request signal O
Outputs NR. This signal ONR causes the latch circuit 201 to output the obligado pitch data O corresponding to the first Vi myobrigado note.
Latch NI, set it to obliga, - C pitch data ON
Appear as a. Since this obligado-do pitch data ON is applied to the aforementioned sound generation channel assignment circuit 3 (11th E?l), the first obligado tone is produced by the speaker 1o. In addition, the latch circuit 2Q2 latches the chord name data C)11 indicating the chord to be sounded in a trap along with the first note of the obbligado, and uses this as the chord name data CH to the subordinate tone forming circuit 5 and the bass tone forming circuit. 6, the latch circuit 203 latches the obbligado note length data OLI corresponding to the first note of the obbligado, and compares this as the note length data OL of the currently played obbligado note. output to the B input of the device 205. Also, the signal is ON
The oprigade note length counter 204 is reset by R. The ratio unit 205 adds the note length data OL to the B input,
The note length data corresponding to the time after the hit is added from the obbligard note length counter 204 to the input, and when these note length data match, the obbligard code length match signal 0LEQ is generated as described above. Output. Then, after the signal 0LEQ is output, the AND circuit 206 inputs 3
When the @th tempo clock TCL is output, the AND circuit 208 is activated, and when the fourth tempo clock TCL is output, the AND circuit 208 outputs this tempo clock TCL as the read command signal OLU. In this way, the chord/obligado data extraction circuit 20
0 indicates that when a melody is played and the tempo clock TCL is output from the tempo control circuit 500, the mebrigar-1-'l-f sieve data is ON, and the chord name data Ca
1, and Mebriguard data read J5# signal OLU. The tempo correction degree control circuit 300 # detects the degree of the pitch to be played, and sets the ambo correction degree arc (den; only correction contribution rate data) '1'' M that corresponds to this performance difficulty level.
PC is output to the tempo control circuit 500 to control the tenboi ω stop based on the performance of the H note in the tempo control circuit 500. FIG. 7 shows an example of the configuration of the circuit 300, which includes six detectors 301 to 306 and an adder 307 for detecting the difficulty level of the performance.
It is made up of Detectors 301 to 306#, respectively, as shown in Table 3, depending on which performance level the melody pitch data MHI or melody pitch data MLI of the PJ line to be played falls into. Data corresponding to the performance difficulty level (“0” to “3”) /”---”
-'- Third, the pitch difference detector 301 has a subtracter and a read-only memory (ROM) that stores the performance difficulty classifications shown in Table 3 above and data corresponding to the classifications, The subtracter takes the absolute value of the pitch difference data between the melody treble data MN and MNI, compares this absolute value with the performance difficulty classification of the ROM, and outputs data corresponding to the matching performance difficulty classification. . As is clear from Table 3,
Since it is difficult to press a key when the change in pitch is large, the larger the change in pitch is, the smaller the value of the data forming the tempo modification contribution rate data TMPC is set. The white/black key detector 302 has a ROM that stores key codes corresponding to white keys, and input melody pitch data M.
If NI matches the data stored in the ROM, data indicating "2" is output, and if they do not match, data corresponding to "0" is output. In other words, since black keys are more difficult to press than white keys, when the key to be played is a black key, the tempo correction contribution rate data TM
The above data forming the PC is reduced and value-trapped. Like the pitch difference detector 301, the note length base detector 303 has a subtractor and a ROM that stores the performance difficulty classifications shown in Table 3 and data corresponding to the classification examples. The absolute value of the note length difference data between the length data ML and MLI is taken, this absolute value is compared with the performance difficulty classification of the ROM, and data corresponding to the performance difficulty classification with a match of 1- is output. That is, when the note length change is large, it is difficult to determine the timing, so the larger the note length change is, the smaller the value of the data forming the tempo correction contribution rate data TMPC is set. , this circuit can also be configured to detect the change ratio with respect to the previous code length. The note length detector 304 has a ROM that stores the performance difficulty classifications shown in Table 3 and data corresponding to the classifications, and compares the input melody note length data MLI with the performance difficulty classifications, Data corresponding to the matching performance difficulty level classification is output. In other words, if the note length is very long or short, it is difficult to adjust the timing, so based on the quarter note length, the longer the note length is, the shorter fc is, the higher the tempo correction contribution data TMPC. The above data forming . The pitch frequency detector 305 and the note length frequency detector 306 output data rOJ ~ "3" according to the frequency of appearance of the melody pitch data MHI and melody note length data MLI of the notes to be played in the music, respectively. In addition to melody pitch data MNI and melody note length data MI, 1, the pitch frequency detector 306 and note length frequency detector 307 receive note frequency and note length frequency from an appearance frequency search circuit 400, respectively. The sound hole data MNF and note length data MLF are added for this purpose. Here, the appearance frequency search circuit 400 will be explained with reference to a detailed configuration example of the appearance frequency search circuit 400 shown in FIG. This appearance frequency search circuit 400, control circuit 401, working memory (RAM) 402, pitch frequency order register 403, and note length frequency order register 4
It consists of 04. The control circuit 401 is
First, after the data memory 14 completes reading the music data from the external recording means 12, a control signal is sent to the RAM readout control circuit 18 so that the melody W height data and melody note length data are read out #ii from the data memory 14 at high speed. Send. Working Memory 402) J. The melody pitch data and melody note length data read out at high speed from the data memory 14 are counted by 81 for each pitch data and each note length data, and the counted value (number of appearances) is stored. When the number of occurrences of each pitch data and each note length data is accumulated in the working memo 17402, the control circuit 401t:i stores the seven pitch data and note length data in descending order of the number of occurrences to the pitch frequency order register 403. and sequentially stored in the note length frequency order register 404. "High data MNF" in pitch frequency order stored in pitch frequency fiY register 403 and note length frequency 111'i register 404
The note length data MLF in the order of note length frequency is read out by read data MNF It and M I, F It from the pitch frequency detector 305 and the note length frequency detector 306, respectively. When the pitch frequency detector 305 receives the melody pitch data MN1, the pitch frequency detector 305 transmits the read data MNFR to the control circuit 4.
01, input pitch data MNF from the high frequency 1 mute register 403 to the face that appears frequently, and compare it with the pitch data MNF that is sequentially inputted with the melody pitch data MN1. The data corresponding to the 110th pitch appearance frequency (performance difficulty classification) 1'c shown in Table 3 is output. When the note length frequency detector 306 inputs the melody note length data MLI in the same way as the pitch frequency detector 305, it outputs the read data MLFR to the control circuit j# 401 and selects the note length frequency order register 404 from which the melody note length data MLI is inputted. By sequentially inputting the note length data MLF and comparing it with the note length data NILF, which is input sequentially, the melody note length data MLI corresponds to the note length appearance frequency ranking (performance difficulty level) shown in Table 3. Output data. That is, the pitch frequency detector 305 and the n-length B31 degree detector 30G each have melody pitch data M N 1
The higher the frequency of appearance of the melody note length data MLI in a song, the larger the data forming the tempo correction contribution rate data TMPC. This is because the more frequently a song appears in a piece of music, the more one gets used to its performance. Data corresponding to the performance difficulty level outputted from each of the detectors 301 to 306 is added to an adder 307. Adder 307 adds these data and converts this added value into tempo correction contribution rate data TMPC corresponding to the performance difficulty level.
It is output to the tempo control circuit 500 as a tempo control circuit 500. In addition, the above tempo correction contribution rate data TMPC is "0" ~
This data indicates a value of "17", and the harder it is to play, the smaller the value. The tempo control circuit 500 uses tempo correction contribution rate data TM.
In addition to the PC, melody pitch data MHI, melody note length data ML, and stop command signal MP are applied from the melody data retrieval circuit 100, and a next melody read request signal MNR is applied from the RAM read control circuit 18. Melody pitch data MMN based on the keys pressed on the keyboard 1 is added from the pitch data extraction circuit 4, and based on these signals, the generation of the tempo clock TCL is controlled to be stopped, and the frequency of the tempo clock TCL is controlled. It is something to control. In addition, the melody pitch data extraction circuit 4
Out of the key codes KC input from the key press detection circuit 2 in a time-divisional manner, only the key code KC input at the rising edge of the key-on signal KON is extracted as melody pitch data MMN. FIG. 9 shows a detailed configuration example of the tempo control circuit 500, which performs tempo control according to Jin's invention in accordance with the operating states of selection switches 501 and 502. The selection switch 501 is for selecting the rising condition of the melody match signal MKEQ, and the contacts 501a, 501b and 501C of the selection switch 501 have the output of the p≠i circuit 503, the output of the comparator 504, and the output of the comparator 504, respectively. The output of the differentiating circuit 506 is added. OR circuit 50
3 is melody pitch data MMN (6-bit binary)
In order to take the OR condition of the chord (see Table 1), key 1
When any key is pressed (any key on), a signal ""1' is output at the time of the key depression. Note that the keyboard range of keyboard 1 does not include a cone corresponding to a key code in which all 6 bits are q"0". Melody pitch data MMN indicating the pressed key at keyboard 1 is added, and when these pitch data match, that is, when the appropriate key is pressed on keyboard 1, a signal "1" is added.
", WI division j'1350G outputs 3 of this signal "1" when the self-resetting switch 505, which is a key switch other than keyboard 1, is turned on and the signal "1 # is input.
γ also increases, and the differential is taken and output to contact 501C. Note that the self-resetting switch 5051″1. is used during one-key play. Therefore, the selection switch 501
When 1d is connected to contact 501a, when any key is pressed on keyboard 1, a signal ``]''& is output, and contact 5
When connected to 03 b, there is a key press match and a 1 hit signal is output.
When connected to contact 5 (11c), a trap signal "1" is output when the self-recovery switch 5050 is turned on. 508, the output of an inverter 509 that inverts the next melody read request signal MNR is added to the other human power of the AND circuit 508.
4(f) and 8! As shown in the NG diagram (f3), since it is output immediately after the melody read command signal MLU, the AND circuit 508#J is enabled to operate when a melody coincidence is detected.
The signal “1” output from the D flip-flop 510 is applied to the D flip-flop 510 via an OR circuit 507 and an AND circuit 508. D flip-flop 5] 0 is inputted by delaying the input signal ``1'' by a predetermined time and converting it into a melody matching signal M KEQ(''
1 #). This melody matching signal MK
Since E'Q is returned to the D flip-flop 510 via the OR circuit 507 and the AND circuit 508, it is held in the trench where the next melody read request signal MNR is output (Fig. and FIG. 6 (see bl). The selection switch 502 connects its movable contact piece 502d to contact 5.
028.502b, and 502C as shown in Table 4, fixed mode, multiple I variable mode and single nJ Select one of the game modes.
A'M＜Eru thing and spear, ru. Tempo modification [contribution rate control circuit 511, 1, iq r7) to the Oki 3-cho circuit 512 according to the 4R mode? It shows 111 Fi nails, j''! 5 fold mode is rl number town strange mode l' or Jlt
-1jl game mode's accent - tJ1 further ten, Jl
Modification 1 "Z to instruct the performance that becomes y4 according to the value of contribution rate data T M p c" Table 4 The calculation circuit 512 has four types of calculation functions (see Table 4), A input The data added to the and B inputs are processed based on the calculation instructed by the tempo correction bias rate control circuit 511. Here, the data added to the inputs '
%: Assuming that the data added to the A and B inputs is '&B, the arithmetic circuit 512 performs one of the following arithmetic operations. Next, the operation of the tempo control circuit 500 will be explained. Before the automatic performance starts, the latch circuits 513.5]4 and 515 each latch the frequency information (tempo data) of the reference tempo clock. Also, counter 5
The tempo data latched by latch circuits 513 and 514, which have been presected so that the count value 23 matches the tempo data, are applied to the A input and B input of the arithmetic circuit 5]2, respectively. The arithmetic circuit 512 performs arithmetic processing on the two-man power based on the arithmetic operation instructed by the tempo correction contribution rate control circuit 511 as described above. In this case, no matter which calculation is performed, the calculated value matches the tempo data of the reference tempo clock. Tempo data output from arithmetic circuit 5]2 is applied to latch circuits 513 and 515 via limiter 516. Here, the limiter 516 limits the maximum and minimum values of the tempo data output from the arithmetic circuit 512. As described above, the latch circuit 515 latches the tempo data of the reference tempo clock in advance, and transfers this to the comparator 517.
In addition to A count value from a counter 518 that counts high-speed clock pulses φ is added as tempo data to the other input of the comparator 517, and when the two data match, the comparator 517 inputs the signal ``1'' to an AND circuit. 5
Output to 19. Since the AND circuit 519 has a high-speed clock pulse φ applied to the other input, only when the signal “l#” is applied from the comparator 517, this clock pulse φ is applied to the load input LD of the latch circuit 515 and the counter 518. From this, the latch circuit 5]5 latches the tempo data input from the limiter 516 and outputs it to the comparator 5]7, and the counter 518 is reset. Then, the high-speed clock pulse φ is counted again and this counted value is output to the comparator 5]7.Therefore, the comparator 517
A match signal is generated at a period corresponding to the tempo data added from 5.
The AND circuit 520 has the output of the OR circuit 521 added to its other input.
The signal MKEQ and the signal MP are as shown in FIG. 5(b) and FIG. 5(d), respectively.
When the signal MKEQ and the signal MP are as shown in FIG. 4(b) and 41/(d), the time from the rising edge of the signal MP to the rising edge of the signal MKEQ is Except for this, a signal "1" is output. That is, the OR circuit 521 always outputs the signal ""1 when the actual performance time tKON is earlier than the regular performance time t0.
# is output, and if it is slow, the signal "0" is output from the rise of the signal MP (the time when the third tempo clock is output from the regular performance time t0) to the actual performance time tKO)f.
The AND circuit 520 is operable when the OR condition of the OR circuit 52 is satisfied, and outputs the high-speed clock pulse periodically applied from the AND circuit 519 to the tempo clock TCL.
Output as . Of course, the OR circuit 521 is the signal 10#
While outputting the tempo clock TCL, generation of the tempo clock TCL is stopped. That is, the output of the OR circuit 521 controls the generation of the tempo clock TCL to be stopped. Here, when the performance corresponding to the first note of the melody is performed and the melody matching signal MKEQ is output, the differentiating circuit 5
24 differentiates this signal MKEQ and applies a pulse signal to the load terminals LD of latch circuits 513 and 514 at its rise. The latch circuit 5]3 latches the tempo data added from the limiter 516, and the latch circuit 514 latches the tempo correction data added from the counter 523. Note that the counter 523 is preset with the tempo data of the reference tempo clock, as described above. Therefore, the tempo data latched in latch circuits 513 and 5]4 are both tempo data that is a tempo delay of the reference tempo clock. On the other hand, when the melody match signal MKEQ is applied to the AND circuit 520 via the OR circuit 521 and the tempo clock TCL is output from the AND circuit 520, the melody data retrieval circuit 100 immediately outputs the melody data read command signal MLU. The next melody read request signal MNR is output from the RAM read control circuit 18. to this signal
NR is applied to the reset terminal R of inverter 509 and counter 523. As a result, the signal MKEQ becomes 10'', and the counter 523 is reset.
Further, the melody data extraction circuit 100 outputs melody note length data ML corresponding to the first note of the melody to the variable division divider 525. The variable frequency divider 525 divides and outputs the high-speed clock pulse φ at a frequency division ratio corresponding to the input melody mark length data ML, and the period of the clock output from the variable frequency divider 525 depends on the input melody. It is proportional to the note length indicated by the note length data ML. For example, the period of the clock that is divided and output based on the note length data ML corresponding to a quarter note is twice the period of the clock that is divided and output based on the note length data ML that corresponds to an eighth note. . The clock output from variable frequency divider 525 is applied to clock input CK of counter 523 via AND circuit 526. The output of the NAND circuit 527 is added to the other input of the AND circuit 526. The NAND circuit 527 takes the NAND condition of the count value (binary code) output from the counter 523 to the latch circuit 514, and outputs a normal signal "1#" to enable the AND circuit 526 to operate.
When all the bit outputs of the counter 523 reach °1", a signal "'0" is output to the AND circuit 526 to block the output of the clock from the AND circuit 526. When a performance is performed and the melody matching signal MKEQ is output, the latch circuits 513 and 514 latch the tempo data input at the rising edge of the signal MKEQ.At this time, the tempo data latched by the latch circuit 514 is The value is a small value when the performance time point is earlier than the regular performance time point, and a large value when it is later than the regular performance time point.The tempo data latched by the latch circuit 514 is sent to the arithmetic circuit 512 as tempo correction data. The first calculation path 512 performs calculation processing for the two-person data based on the calculation instructed by the tempo correction contribution rate control circuit 511 as described above.
When the movable contact piece 502d is connected to the contact point 5Q2bK and the multiple variable mode of the tempo correction contribution rate control circuit 511 is selected, the tempo correction contribution rate control circuit 511 adjusts the note wave corresponding to the second note of the melody. The more difficult the Qin is (the smaller the value of the tempo correction contribution rate data TMPC), the lower the tempo correction contribution rate by the tempo correction data added to the B input, as shown in Table 4. In other words, the more difficult it is for a beginner to play, the more likely the performance time will be significantly shifted.In this case, the tempo correction contribution rate to the current tempo data by the tempo correction data l'rc output from the counter 523 Since the current tempo data is kept low, the current tempo data will not be changed significantly. In this way, the tempo control circuit 500 controls the stoppage of the tempo clock TCL. 1) and also controls the frequency of the tempo clock. In addition, in this embodiment, in order to detect the difficulty level of the performance, 6
Although one detector is used, the difficulty level of the performance may be detected by a detector consisting of a combination of two to five detectors. Further, although the note length detector 304i treats both long and short note lengths equally, it may be configured to detect only note lengths shorter than a predetermined note length (for example, quarter note length); Although the note length difference detector 303 detects the absolute value of the note length difference, it may detect the note length difference only when the note length data ML1 is smaller than the note length data ML. Furthermore, the pitch difference detector 301 and the note length difference detector 303 detect the pitch difference and note length difference between two notes.
The average pitch difference and average note length difference between notes having a number of notes greater than f notes may be detected. Further, a pitch frequency detector 305 and a note length frequency detector 30
It is also possible to detect the frequency of appearance of the six-digit and six-digit note strings. However, in this example, new control tempo data was formed by past control tempo data and current measured tempo data (tempo correction data). New control tempo data may be created based on the measured tempo data of the previous time and the measured tempo data of the previous time. In this case, the share ratio of the currently measured tempo data is controlled by comparing the average of the past measured tempo data with the reference tempo data. Furthermore, when the automatic performance is to be advanced by any key on-o or one-key play instead of the key-press matching progression, it is preferable to perform the melody by automatic performance. In this case, this can be easily realized by inputting the melody pitch data M N extracted from the melody data extraction circuit 100 to the sound generation channel allocation circuit wJ3. As explained above, according to the present invention, it is possible to control the tempo correction contribution rate to the current tempo data by the tempo correction data measured according to the performance difficulty level of the note to be played. Even if the timing of the key presses is significantly off at a difficult point during the progression, the tempo will not change significantly, allowing him to realize a tempo side effect that is extremely effective for beginners.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 1f U Kazumi K of the TLT child instrument to which this invention is applied
FIG. 2 is a data mat showing an example of automatic performance data that can be used in the present invention; FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of the main part of the melody data retrieval circuit according to this invention; Figures 4 and 5 are timing charts of each signal according to the present invention, Figure 6 is a block diagram showing a detailed example of the chord/opliguard data extraction circuit according to the present invention, and Figure 7 is a diagram according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a detailed example of the frequency-of-appearance search circuit according to the present invention; FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a detailed example of the tempo control circuit according to the present invention. It is a block diagram. 1... Keyboard, 8... Tone formation circuit, 10...
Speaker, 13... music data input device fFJ, 1.
+4-・Data memo 1, 15・-・lL A M #
Overcontrol circuit, 16...address counter, 17...
Start switch, 18...RAM read control circuit, 1
9...data output circuit, addition...display device, 100...
...Melody data extraction path, 200...;fl-
N.Obligado data extraction circuit, 300...Tempo correction degree control 1 circuit, 400...Appearance frequency search circuit, 5
00...Tempo control circuit. ONR ,300 MIFMLF MNFRMLFR

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) A performance operating means, a storage means for storing at least performance data corresponding to the performance by the performance operation means, and reading the stored data from the storage means in accordance with the progress of the music piece. reading means; forming tempo correction data from the performance data read by the reading means and performance data corresponding to the performance by the performance operation means; and controlling reading by the reading means based on the tempo correction data. ten,′
J! :b control means, and a tempo correction level system il1 that detects the performance difficulty level of the notes to be played and controls the degree of tempo correction applied to the tempo correction data in the tempo control means in accordance with the performance difficulty level. (2) The tempo correction data is read out by the reading means, and the timing key V5.F of the performance data read out.
W3 P.1 stitch Prn that opens during performance operation using Qin operation means
The electronic musical instrument according to claim 4, paragraph (1), which is data containing Z-shaped data. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 0, wherein the difficulty level of performance is detected based on the pitch difference between the note being played and the note to be played. (4) The electronic musical instrument according to claim 11, wherein the tempo correction degree control means detects the performance difficulty level based on the note length difference between the currently played note and the note to be played. ) The tempo correction level control means 1 detects the performance difficulty level depending on whether the corresponding key is a white key or a black key. Musical instrument. (6) The tempo correction degree control means #: L, "Should I play?" A bamboo tuner that detects the difficulty level of playing based on the note length of the f note.
An electronic musical instrument according to claim (1). (7) The tempo correction degree control means detects the performance difficulty level based on the frequency of appearance of the IJ pitch to be played in the music piece. musical instrument. (8J tffJ tempo correction rate system (nu means) detects the performance difficulty level based on the frequency of appearance in the music 1101 of the note length of the note to be played. (9 ) a performance operation means, a storage means for storing at least performance data corresponding to the performance by the performance operation means, a readout means for reading out the arrangement data from the storage means in accordance with the progress of the music, and the readout means. tempo correction data is formed from the performance data read and extracted by the performance data and the performance data corresponding to the performance by the performance operation means, and based on the tempo correction data, the reading of the previous 0C reading means is restricted to 1. jljJ sub-means detects the performance difficulty level of the ear-beating to be played, and controls the degree of tempo correction based on the correction data using the ten-y-no in the tempo control means corresponding to the performance difficulty level. An electronic musical instrument comprising a tempo correction degree control means and an automatic performance device that produces an automatic performance sound based on stored data read from the previous storage means. (10) Compatible with performance using the performance operation means. The electronic system Be according to claim (0), wherein the performance data to be played is melody data, and the storage means stores obligate data and old publication data in addition to the performance data. ) needle!! board, storage means for recording performance data corresponding to at least the performance on the keyboard, and accessing the stored data from the means 1 and 0 in accordance with the progress of the music;
a display device for displaying the tato to be pressed based on the performance data read by the reading and outputting means; Tempo correction data is formed from the performance data read out by the nil note readout means and performance data corresponding to the performance on the keyboard, and the readout of the nil note successive output means is performed on the basis of the tempo correction data. ), and a tempo correction degree control that detects the performance difficulty level of a note to be played and controls the degree of tempo correction by tempo correction data Pj sent to the tempo control means in accordance with the performance difficulty level. A city equipped with means, a child instrument. (12) The electronic musical instrument according to claim (11), wherein the reading means reads performance data of one note line to the display device.