JPH0125994Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea]

(Field of invention) This invention is a chord signal generation method for an automatic performance machine that generates various inversion chords by forming chord key data from chord name data consisting of chord root, chord type, and expansion type. Regarding equipment. (Background of the invention) Conventionally, when generating a chord signal in an automatic performance machine, chord name data is stored in advance, and this chord name data is sequentially read out to form a plurality of chord constituent note key data and a musical tone forming circuit is used. I was trying to control it. However, this method has the disadvantage that only one type of chord is always generated for each chord name data, and automatic accompaniment using such chords is not musically interesting. It is also possible to generate various expanded chords by storing the key data for each chord constituent note of a desired expanded chord, but in this case, a large capacity memory is required to store the chord name data. I had the inconvenience of doing so. (Purpose of the invention) The purpose of this invention is based on the concept of storing chord expansion type data in addition to conventional root note data and chord type data as chord name data, and obtaining chord constituent note key data by calculation. The object of the present invention is to improve the musicality of chord generation in an automatic performance machine without particularly increasing the capacity of a storage device. (Structure of the invention) In order to achieve the above object, this invention includes a memory device that stores chord name data including at least the root of a chord, a chord type, and expansion data, and a memory device that stores the chord name data at a predetermined timing. a reading unit for reading out the chord type data, a subordinate interval data memory for storing the subordinate note interval data read out using the chord type data, and expanded chord octave control data for storing expanded chord octave control data read out using the expanded chord data. It is characterized by comprising a memory, and an arithmetic circuit that generates each chord constituent note key data of an inverted chord by playing the root note data, these subordinate note interval data, and expanded chord octave control data. do. (Explanation of overall configuration of embodiment) An embodiment of this invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the configuration of an automatic musical instrument according to an embodiment of this invention. The automatic performance machine shown in the figure has a melody sound automatic performance function that reads musical score data recorded on an external recording medium (not shown) using an external recording data reading device 1, and automatically plays a melody sound based on this read data. Rhythm tone automatic performance function, key press guide display function that displays keys to be pressed when playing melody notes or chords on the keyboard, and accompaniment such as chords based on the read data or key press data from the keyboard. It has an automatic accompaniment sound performance function that automatically plays sounds. As the external recording medium, a magnetic recording medium such as a magnetic tape, a magnetic disk, a magnetic stripe formed on a musical score or a magnetic card, a recording medium based on a punched card or a bar code, etc. can be used. An externally recorded data reading device 1 reads data recorded on the external recording medium and stores it in an internal data storage device 2 constituted by a random access memory (RAM). The internal data storage device 2 stores melody key data, note length data, and chord name data, as shown in the data format diagram of FIG. The melody key data and note length data are paired, and one pair of melody key data and note length data corresponds to one note on the musical score. The chord name data consists of a total of 10 bits of data, including 4 bits of root note data, 3 bits of chord type data, and 3 bits of expansion type data, and is recorded only when the chord changes. The data reading circuit 3 counts the tempo clock TCL output from the tempo oscillator 4, and when the count value corresponding to the note length data is reached, and when data other than the note length data, that is, melody data or chord name data is read out. At the same time, the read address RAD of the storage device 2 is sequentially advanced, and the melody, chord name, and note length data stored in the corresponding address are read out. This code length data is set in the readout circuit 3 and determines the timing of the next data readout. That is, the reading circuit 3 outputs the melody sound key data at the timing corresponding to the note length data.
Generate RMKC and chord name data CDN. Note that if multiple pieces of melody key data RMKC are recorded between one note length data and the next note length data, these key data are sent out as time-division or parallel data, so that they are musically the same. pronounced at the right time. The tempo oscillator 4 consists of a variable frequency oscillator,
The tempo clock TCL generated by the oscillator 4 determines the tempo of automatic performance in this automatic performance apparatus. The chord key data forming circuit 5 generates three or four chord keys constituting a chord based on the chord name data CDN, that is, the root note RT, chord type CT, and expansion type RV data sent from the data reading circuit 3. Form data RCKC. The key press lamp 6 is provided corresponding to each key of the keyboard 7 for playing melodies and chords, and consists of a plurality of lamps that are lit individually.The chord key display device 8 and the melody key display device 9 each correspond to a chord key. Based on the data RCKC and the melody key data RMKC, a lamp corresponding to the key to be pressed to produce the chord and melody tone indicated by these data is lit. In other words, by sequentially pressing the keys indicated by the lamp 6, the player can play the music on the keyboard according to the musical score stored in the internal data storage device 2. The keyboard 7 here is a single-level keyboard divided into key areas, with the upper keyboard area used for playing melodies and the lower keyboard area for playing chords, but in the case of a multi-level keyboard, the upper keyboard is used for playing melody. The lower keyboard is used for playing chords. A pattern signal generation circuit 10 generates a rhythm pattern pulse RP consisting of a chord sound generation timing (key-on) pulse CP and a sound generation timing (key-on) pulse for each type of rhythm instrument to a tempo oscillator 4.
occurs sequentially based on the generated tempo clock TCL. The key switch circuit 11 has a large number of switches corresponding to each key of the keyboard 7, and detects outputs from the switches to generate key data representing the pressed key. This key data is classified into melody tone key data MKC and chord key data CKC according to the depressed key range, and is sent to the melody musical tone forming circuit 12 and chord forming circuit 13, respectively. The melody tone forming circuit 12 receives melody key data RMKC from the data reading circuit 3 and melody key data from the key switch circuit 11.
Generates a melody sound signal based on MKC. This melody sound signal is produced via the sound system 13. The chord sound forming circuit 14 generates a chord sound generation timing pulse CP generated by the pattern signal generating circuit 10.
According to the timing, the chord key data forming circuit 5
A plurality of musical tones indicated by the chord key data RCKC from the keyboard 7 or the chord key data CKC from the keyboard 7 are formed, and a chord signal is generated by acoustically mixing these musical tones. The percussion instrument sound forming circuit 15 generates a rhythm sound signal of a percussion instrument type and timing based on the rhythm pattern pulse RP generated by the pattern signal generation circuit 10. These chord signals and rhythm sound signals are also produced via the sound system 13 along with the melody sounds. In this automatic performance machine, a performance mode selection switch (not shown) allows automatic performance of the melody and/or chords, manual performance, and automatic/manual ensemble (duet).
You can select the mode etc. That is, in the melody sound automatic performance mode, a melody sound signal is generated based on the melody key data RMKC from the data reading circuit 3, and in the melody sound manual performance mode, a melody sound signal is generated based on the melody key data MKC from the key switch circuit 11 by keyboard performance. Generates a sound signal, and also receives melody key data from both the key switch circuit 11 and the data read circuit 3 in duet mode.
A melody musical tone is formed based on RMKC and MKC, and a melody tone signal is generated by acoustically mixing these musical tones. Further, an any key on signal indicating the depression of any key on the keyboard 7 is supplied to the melody tone forming circuit 12 and/or the chord tone forming circuit 14, and the timing of the any key on signal (key press timing) is used to generate a melody tone or It is also possible to perform automatic chord performance, or so-called one-key performance. In addition, there are devices that read data from an external recording medium and temporarily store it, or generate this temporarily stored data at a predetermined timing, devices that guide the key to be pressed based on this data (key data), and keyboards. , a device that generates key data corresponding to pressed keys on this keyboard, a device that generates musical tones based on this key data, a device that generates pattern pulses, and a device that forms chords and rhythm sounds based on the pattern pulses. Since various known components can be used, a detailed explanation of the configuration will be omitted in this specification. (Detailed Operation of Chord Key Data Forming Circuit 5) Next, the detailed operation of the chord key data forming circuit 5 will be described with reference to FIG. This circuit 5 includes an input circuit 51, a note order counter 52, a follower tone interval data memory 53, an expanded chord data memory 54, and addition circuits 55 and 56. In this circuit 5, C major (C, E,
For G), code RT and chord type data CT
A chord represented by (for example, C major)
For this purpose, chord constituent note key data for eight types of expanded chords shown as basic and inversions 1 to 7 are created.
Figure 4 shows C major (C, E,
The case of G) is shown. The input circuit 51 is the data read circuit 3 (FIG. 1)
Each time it reads new chord name data CDN, it takes in and latches this chord name data CDN, and generates a root note code RT, chord type data CT, and expansion type data RV according to this chord name data CDN. Table 1 shows an example of a root chord RT.

[Table] For convenience, the lower two of the 4-bit binary number are shown here.
Each of the 12 musical scales C#, D, . . . C is represented by 12 note codes excluding those whose bits N1 and N2 are 00. Here, the lower 2 bits N2,
The reason for excluding codes where N1 is 00 is that it is easier to determine whether there is a chord name (no chord is pronounced) based on the lower two bits N2 and N1, and it is expressed as 0000 to 1011. Decimal number or 0001
Of course, consecutive codes such as ~1100 may be assigned. The note order counter 52 is reset when the input circuit 51 inputs new chord data CDN, and also counts, for example, the system clock that drives the entire automatic performance machine, and outputs the count.
CH is supplied to memories 53 and 54 as address data. As a result, memories 53 and 5
4, data corresponding to the count output CH of the counter 52 is read out, and adders 55 and 56 calculate chord key data based on these data. That is, in this chord key data forming circuit 5, memories 53, 54 and adders 55, 5
6 etc. are shared in a time-sharing manner, and the root note,
The key data of the first additional note, the second additional note, and the third additional note are sequentially calculated and formed, and are output as they are as time-division multiplexed three to four chord structure key data. The secondary note interval data memory 53 includes a secondary note interval table configured with a read-only memory (ROM), etc., and is addressed by the chord type data CT and the count value of the note order counter 52, and stores each note for the root note. Generates a subordinate tone interval code ITC indicating the pitch of the additional tone. Table 2 shows the correspondence between each pitch and interval code ITC. Table 2 (Interval chords) Minor 3rd 0 1 0 0 Major 3rd 0 1 0 1 Perfect 4th 0 1 1 0 Augmented 4th 1 0 0 0 Perfect 5th 1 0 0 1 Minor 6th 1 0 1 0 Major 6th 1 1 0 0 Minor 7th 1 1 0 1 Major 7th 1 1 1 0 The expanded chord data memory 54 includes an expanded chord data table, and expands type data from this table.
The octave shift code SOC shown in Table 3 is read out according to the count values of the RV and the phonetic counter 52.

[Table] In the adder 55, the root note data RT from the input circuit 51 and the interval code ITC from the memory 53 are added to generate chord constituent note key data.
Generate RKC note code NC. In this example, codes 0000, 0100, 1000 and
1100 is not used as a note code, so
If the calculation result matches these values, the calculation value is corrected by adding 1. For example, C
When forming the key data for the first additional note of the major chord, the root note code RT is 1111 from Table 1, and since the interval is a major third, the interval code for subordinate note ITC is 0101 from Table 2. . Therefore, the calculation result of the adder 55 is 1111+0101=0100, but since code 0100 is not used as a note code, 1 is added in this case. Therefore, the first additional note of the C major chord has a note code NC of 0101, that is, an E note. When the calculation result corresponds to one of the note codes, the note code obtained by the calculation is used as it is as the note code NC of the chord constituent note key data. The adder 56 adds the octave code from 000 to 010 according to the setting of a range setting switch (not shown), the octave shift code from the memory 54, and the carrier output _C0 from the adder 55,
Generates a 3-bit octave code. The 4-bit note code NC from the adder 55 and the 3-bit octave code OC from the adder 56 are sent out as one chord key data RCKC consisting of 7 bits. In addition, in this invention, data on whether or not there is control to shift the sounding timing of chord constituent notes is further stored in the chord data, and if "Yes", the chord constituent notes are sequentially produced at small time intervals like a guitar. When it is set to "None", the notes that make up the chord can be sounded simultaneously, like the automatic chords of a normal electronic musical instrument. (Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, various expanded chords can be generated in addition to the basic chords, so that it is possible to enjoy playing chords with more variety. Also, as mentioned above, since the chord constituent note key data is formed only from the chord expansion type data, the memory capacity is increased by a corresponding amount compared to the case where all the key data of each chord constituent note is stored. It is possible to generate various expanded chords.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of an automatic musical instrument according to an embodiment of this invention, FIG. 2 is a format diagram of data stored in the internal data storage device of the automatic musical instrument of FIG. 1, and FIG. Detailed circuit diagram of the chord key data forming circuit in the automatic performance machine shown in Figure 1,
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a developed chord (C major). DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... External recorded data reading device, 2... Internal data storage device, 3... Data reading circuit, 4... Chord key data formation circuit, 53... Interval data memory for subtone, 54... Expanded chord data Memory, 55, 56...adder.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] a memory device for storing chord name data including at least a root note, a chord type, and expansion data of a chord; a reading means for reading out the chord name data from the memory device at a predetermined timing; an interval data memory for a subordinate note from which data is read; an octave control data memory for an expanded chord from which octave control data for an expanded chord is read out with the expanded data; and an octave control data memory for expanded chords from which data is read out, and an octave control data memory for expanded chords from which data is read out, and an octave control data memory for expanded chords from which octave control data for expanded chords is read out using the expanded data; 1. A chord signal generating device for an automatic performance machine, comprising: an arithmetic circuit that generates key data for each chord constituent tone of an inversion chord by computing octave control data.