JPS5922437Y2 - Air conditioning/heating water heater - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention relates to an air-conditioning/heating water supply system using a compressor. During the cooling period, the cooling exhaust heat is used to supply hot water, and during the intermediate and heating periods, outside air is used as a heat source to supply hot water. The present invention provides an energy-saving and low-cost air-conditioning/heating-water heater that enables prompt defrosting operation during heating while maintaining a predetermined cooling/heating capacity.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, a device as shown in FIG. 1, for example, has been proposed as an air-conditioning/heating/water supply device using a compressor.

In FIG. 1, A is an indoor unit and B is an outdoor unit.

1 is a compressor, 2 is a four-way valve, 3 is a heat source side air heat exchanger, 4
Reference numerals a and 4b denote a throttle mechanism, and reference numeral 5 denotes a load side air heat exchanger.These are connected by a series of refrigerant piping to form a heat pump cycle, and a heat source side fan 6 and a load side fan 7 are arranged.

Further, a water heat exchanger 9 for hot water supply and a throttle mechanism 4C are installed in the refrigerant pipe that branches from the middle of the discharge refrigerant pipe 8a connecting the compressor 1 and the four-way valve 2 and is connected to the refrigerant pipe between the throttle mechanisms 4a and 4b. It is attached so that heat can be exchanged with the circulating water from the circulation pump 10.

11 is a heat storage tank; 12 is a water circulation circuit that connects the heat storage tank 11, the circulation pump 10, and the water heat exchanger 9 for hot water supply; circulating water from the lower part of the heat storage tank 11 is heat-exchanged with the water heat exchanger 9 for hot water supply; Accordingly, hot water is stored from the upper part of the heat storage tank 11.

At this time, the water temperature in the heat storage tank 11 is clearly separated into a low temperature region and a high temperature region with a slight mixed layer as a boundary.

Further, 13 is a water supply pipe, and in this example, the heat storage tank 11 is always kept full of water by pressurizing tap water, and the heat storage tank 11 is always filled with water.
By connecting the hot water supply circuit 14 from the top of the tank 1, hot water in the heat storage tank 11 is supplied by pushing up from the bottom.

Table 1 shows the flow of refrigerant in the air conditioning, heating, and hot water supply system shown in FIG. 1 when compared with usage patterns and in relation to control means.

That is, during the cooling period, the load-side air heat exchanger 5 is always operated as an evaporator to perform cooling operation, while the hot water supply water heat exchanger 9 is operated as a condenser while hot water storage is not completed. All of the heat is used for hot water storage (Usage pattern A), and after the hot water storage is completed, the heat source side air heat exchanger 3 acts as a condenser to release the cooling waste heat to the atmosphere. .

(Usage pattern B). In addition, during hot water supply operation in the intermediate period and heating period, the load side air heat exchanger 5 is not activated, the hot water supply water heat exchanger 9 is activated as a condenser, and the heat source side air heat exchanger 3 is activated as an evaporator. This makes it possible to supply hot water using the atmosphere as a heat source.

(Usage patterns C, D).

Finally, during heating operation of the heating agent, the circulation pump 10 is stopped, the load side air heat exchanger 5 acts as a condenser, and the heat source side air heat exchanger 3 acts as an evaporator, thereby using the atmosphere as a heat source. This makes it possible to operate the heating system.

(Usage pattern E). However, such devices have the following drawbacks.

(1) In the cooling operation after hot water storage is completed (Usage pattern B), the circulation pump 10 stops and the resistance on the refrigerant side to the water heat exchanger 9 for hot water supply is also small, so the still water in the water heat exchanger 9 for hot water supply There is a phenomenon in which heat is exchanged gradually and the refrigerant accumulates, and the amount of refrigerant circulating to the heat source side air heat exchanger 3 side decreases, resulting in a state of gas starvation, which makes it impossible to maintain the specified cooling capacity. Otherwise, the discharge temperature will become abnormally high, which will cause problems in operation.

(2) Also, in heating operation (Usage pattern E), as in cooling operation, refrigerant always accumulates on the side of the water heat exchanger 9 for hot water supply, which acts as a condenser, resulting in an extreme gas shortage. The suction pressure to the compressor 1 is extremely reduced, making it impossible to maintain a predetermined heating capacity, and even under normal heating load conditions, frost builds up from the heat source side air heat exchanger 3 to the suction line.

The present invention is an improvement on the air-conditioning/heating/water-heating equipment that has the above-mentioned drawbacks, and makes it possible to supply hot water all year round while maintaining the specified cooling/heating capacity, and also enables prompt defrosting operation at low outside temperatures. be.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 7 showing one embodiment thereof.

In FIG. 2, a compressor 21, a four-way valve 22, a heat source side air heat exchanger 23. Aperture 24a.

24b, load side air heat exchanger 25, accumulator 26
etc. are connected by normal refrigerant piping to enable heating and cooling operation.

Also, 27.28 is a heating throttle and check valve inserted to maintain a predetermined heating and cooling capacity, and 29.30 is a throttle 2
A solenoid valve and a suction bypass throttle are provided in the bypass circuit connecting the midpoint between 4a and the heating throttle 27 (and check valve 28) and the midpoint between the four-way valve 22 and the accumulator 26. By opening the circuit during defrosting operation, prompt defrosting is possible, and the circuit is normally closed.

The feature of this embodiment is that the refrigerant pipe connects the midpoint between the discharge side of the compressor 21 and the four-way valve 22, and the midpoint between the heating throttle 27 (and check valve 28) and the crest 24b. Inside, in order from the discharge side of the compressor 21, there are solenoid valves 31.
A water heat exchanger 32 for hot water supply, a throttle 33, and a check valve 34 are arranged, and the intermediate point between the throttle 33 and the check valve 34 and the intermediate point between the solenoid valve 29 and the suction bypass crest 30 are connected via an electric valve 35. The reason is that I connected it.

Further, 36 is a heat source side fan, and 37 is a load side fan.

Further, 38 is a circulation pump 40 that connects the bottom and top of the heat storage tank 39.
, a water heat exchanger 32 for hot water supply, and a water circulation circuit connected through a hot water temperature control valve 41, and the hot water temperature control valve 41 controls the outlet water temperature of the water heat exchanger 32 for hot water supply despite yearly fluctuations in the inlet water temperature. This is to control the amount of circulating water so that it remains constant.

Further, 42 is a water supply pipe, and 43 is a hot water supply pipe.

Next, the mode of operation of this embodiment will be explained below. During cooling hot water supply operation (usage pattern A), the solenoid valve 31 is opened, the solenoid valve 35 is closed, and the control means shown in Table 1 A is used. As a result, the refrigerant flows in the direction shown by the arrow in FIG. 3, making it possible to cool the room and supply hot water.

In addition, in the cooling operation after the completion of hot water storage (Usage pattern B), the solenoid valve 31 is closed, the solenoid valve 35 is opened, and the water heat exchanger 32 for hot water supply is operated until then by using the control means shown in Table 1 B. The flowing refrigerant escapes to the suction line side via the solenoid valve 35, and then the solenoid valve 31 and check valve 34, which are closed, connect the hot water supply water heat exchanger 32.
Refrigerant does not flow inside the chamber and the pressure is always maintained at a low level, so that no refrigerant liquid accumulates. This makes it possible to maintain the cooling capacity of

Also, hot water supply operation during the intermediate period and heating period (Usage patterns C and D)
In this case, by opening the solenoid valve 31 and closing the solenoid valve 35, and using the control means shown in Table 1 C and D, the refrigerant flows as shown in Fig. 5 and hot water supply operation becomes possible. The amount of circulating water is automatically adjusted by the hot water temperature control valve 41 in response to fluctuations in the inlet water temperature, and hot water for hot water supply can always be stored at a high temperature.

Finally, in the heating operation (Usage pattern E), the solenoid valve 31 is closed, as in the cooling operation (Usage pattern B).
By opening the solenoid valve 35 and using the control means shown in Table 1 E, heating operation is performed using the normal heat source side air heat exchanger 23 as an evaporator as shown in FIG. 6, and a predetermined heating capacity is achieved. This makes it possible to maintain the following.

In addition, especially during heating operation (or hot water supply operation) at low outside temperatures, frost forms on the heat source side air heat exchanger 23, but in this case, the four-way valve 22 is switched to the cooling cycle and the load side fan 37 is turned on. By stopping the operation and opening the solenoid valve 29, the refrigerant flows as shown in FIG. 7, and defrosting operation becomes possible without blowing cold air into the room.

In order to perform defrosting operation without interrupting heating operation, an auxiliary heater (not shown) is installed at the air outlet on the indoor side.
It may be controlled to operate the load side fan 37 and energize the auxiliary heater.

As explained above, the features of this embodiment are as follows:
During cooling and heating operations using outside air as a heat source, no refrigerant is flowed into the water heat exchanger 32 for hot water supply, and when switching operations, the refrigerant in the water heat exchanger 32 for hot water supply is always drawn out and connected to the suction line. The system is designed to prevent the accumulation of refrigerant liquid by maintaining the same low pressure, and maintains a predetermined heating and cooling capacity with the normal optimal amount of refrigerant.

Another feature of this embodiment is that the suction bypass throttle 30 during defrosting operation at low outside temperatures is also used as the throttle when switching the refrigerant flow from the water heat exchanger 32 for hot water supply. The reason lies in the simplification of the .

As is clear from the above embodiments, according to the present invention, in an air-conditioning/heating water supply system using a compressor, hot water can be supplied throughout the year, and a predetermined heating/cooling capacity can be maintained during hot water supply cooling, cooling, and heating operations. In addition, the system can be operated to satisfy various operation patterns using as few solenoid valves as possible, and in particular, the configuration can be simplified by also serving as a suction bypass throttle during defrosting operation. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional air-conditioning/heating/hot water supply system, Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a cooling/heating/water supply system showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the same system during cooling/hot water supply operation, and Fig. 4 Figure 5 is a configuration diagram of the same device during cooling operation, Figure 5 is a configuration diagram of the same equipment during hot water supply operation, Figure 6 is a configuration diagram of the same equipment during heating operation, and Figure 7 is a configuration diagram of the same equipment during defrosting operation. FIG. 21...Compressor, 22...Four-way valve, 2
3... Heat source side air heat exchanger, 24 a, 24
b...Aperture (first aperture), 25...
・Load side air heat exchanger, 29...Solenoid valve (3rd
solenoid valve), 30... suction bypass throttle (third throttle), 31... solenoid valve (first solenoid valve)
, 32... Water heat exchanger for hot water supply, 33...
- Throttle (second throttle), 34...Check valve, 35
...Solenoid valve (second solenoid valve).

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] It consists of a compressor, a four-way valve, a heat source side air heat exchanger, a first throttle, a load side air heat exchanger, etc., and in order from the discharge side of the compressor, a first solenoid valve, a water heat exchanger for hot water supply, a second A branch refrigerant pipe is provided that is connected to the first throttle via a throttle and a check valve, and a second solenoid valve is provided in a bypass pipe that extends from between the second throttle and the check valve to the suction line. Air conditioning, heating, and hot water equipment.