JPS5852077B2 - Sliding and pivoting skylight - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides for a main frame fitted to a roof.
This relates to a skylight in which a fixture is protruded from one side of the main frame, and the rail of the window glass frame is attached to the guide rail, which is rotatably attached to the fixture, so as to be able to slide in the horizontal direction. be.

A skylight with these characteristics is disclosed in German Patent No. 124-
It is known as No. 64.56.

In this patent, the T-shaped guide rail is
It is fixedly attached to the frame.

Further, a C-shaped movable rail surrounds the guide rail, and a window frame is pivotally attached to the C-shaped rail by a hinge.

This pivoting movement of the glazing frame for opening the window can be carried out manually or by means of a crank mechanism which lifts the opposite end of the glazing frame.

However, there is no facility for automatically opening this window so that the frame of the window pane can pivot.

The automatically opening skylight is covered by German Utility Model No. 7540.
Known by No. 055.

In this utility model, a movable frame is pivotally fixed to the main frame by hinge means, and a laterally displaceable window glass frame is attached to the movable frame.

In one embodiment, a gas pressure spring is provided which engages the main frame on the one hand and the pivotable frame on the other hand.

When closing the window - the pressure inside the gas pressure spring increases, automatically moving the window to the limit position if the window is not locked.

If the window is to be swiveled beyond this limit position, at least two connection points of each gas pressure spring must be connected to the braking device, so that the window cannot easily swivel beyond this limit position and do not move further. It must be liberated.

The object of the invention is, on the one hand, to automatically open a window by a predetermined size after unlocking it, and, on the other hand, to be able to easily open it beyond this predetermined size, if necessary. ,
It is an object of the present invention to provide the above-mentioned skylight having a frame of window glass that is slidable laterally with respect to the main frame.

In order to achieve the above object, a spring member is disposed within a guide rail rotatably mounted to a fixture projecting from one side of the main frame:1. - When the window is closed, this spring member is in a pre-stressed state, and when this spring is released, it causes a rotational movement of the guide rail, and likewise the frame of the window glass is attached to the main frame. On the other hand, it is a turning movement.

The main frame is generally in the form of a sealed body and is fixedly and permanently fitted to the roof.

Apron members of flexible material are disposed at the upper and lower ends of the main frame, the apron members facilitating sealing of the main frame to the shaped roof panel.

Glass or transparent plastic fitted within the frame of the glazing is provided to close the opening formed by the main frame.

The glazing frame may be formed from two structures to facilitate changing the glazing.

To seal this skylight when the glazing frame contacts the main frame and the window is locked, the glazing frame force consists of a shaped sealing member, fitted over the main fusea. The dimensions of the window frame are adapted to the main frame so as to be capable of engaging the shaped sealing member.

The glazing frame is connected to the main frame by a rail fixedly attached to the frame, the rail being slidable along a guide rail, which・It is rotatably attached to a fixture that is fixedly attached to the frame.

The connection between the glazing frame rail and the guide rail is so precise that it ensures that the glazing frame rail slides laterally relative to the guide rail, while the guide rail installation The rotational movement of the guide rail attached by the tool causes a pivoting movement of the rail of the glazing frame, with the result that the frame with the glazing also undergoes a pivoting movement relative to the main frame.

In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the rail of the glazing frame, which is C-shaped in cross-section, surrounds a corresponding part of the casing of the guide rail, in order to make the above-mentioned guiding movement precise. .

Each longitudinally-extending corresponding guide surface has an individual circumferentially shaped end region for providing a recess on the inside of the rail of the glazing frame and on the outside of the guide rail, respectively. roller guide tracks are formed.

The roller guide track has a circular cross section and is adapted to accommodate the ball.

After the desired number of balls have been inserted into each of the two roller guide tracks, the rails of the glazing frame are held spaced apart by the balls relative to the guide rails and It becomes possible to easily slide it along the rail.

The large distance between the two roller guide tracks ensures a good supporting moment and prevents the rails of the glazing frame from pivoting relative to the guide rails even when fairly large forces are applied to this assembly. Don't exercise.

With this structure, this guiding action can be made more precise if the ball is not guided by a ball cage and the roller guide track fits completely around the ball. It is.

To ensure uniform placement of the balls in the roller guide tracks even when the ball cage is thin, a portion of the balls in each roller guide track is separated from the remaining balls by a spacer bar. has been done.

As explained above, the guide rail represents one component of the connection between the glazing frame and the main frame.

Preferably, the guide rail includes an elongated casing that completely or partially surrounds the spring member and means for rotatably attaching the casing to the fixture.

a portion of the outer wall of the casing conforms to the rails of the glazing frame and has two guiding surfaces;
The guide surfaces are spaced parallel to each other and extend longitudinally of the guide rail, as described above.
Roller guide tracks are provided along with corresponding guide surfaces for the rails of the glazing frame.

The guide rail is rotatably attached to two fixtures, and the two fixtures are preferably fixed to substantially both ends of one side of the main frame.

For example, this fitting may consist of a hinge with an annular plain bearing to support the force/shaft.

The rotatable mounting of the guide rail must ensure two different effects.

(a) After the window is unlocked, the guide
Relieving the pressure of the spring member within the rail results in rotation of the guide rail relative to the fixture by a predetermined amount.

For example, this rotational movement must correspond to an angular movement of about 25 degrees to 40 degrees.

This angular movement corresponds to the angle between the main frame and the frame of the glazing after the window force persuasively opens to a predetermined limit position.

(b) Next to the above limit position, if necessary, open the window further so that the upper side of the window touches the roof surface.
The guide rail must be capable of further rotational movement relative to the fixture so that it can be opened.

This further opening movement does not require any special unlocking movements to be made to the skylight and can be performed, for example, by hand.
good.

In this double mode of operation, i.e., in the case of opening the window automatically, the guide rail makes a limited rotational movement of up to about 40 degrees relative to the fixture, and on the other hand, if necessary, Beyond this 40 degree limit position, at the point where the window is completely folded back, a shaft rotatably attached to the fixture is provided and a button is provided for further rotational movement. Preferably, a guide rail is rotatably mounted to the shaft.

The shaft is conveniently arranged within the casing of the guide rail and extends parallel to the guide rail over substantially its entire length.

In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, for automatically opening a window,
A guide rail is rotatable relative to the shaft, while at the same time the shaft is fixed against rotation relative to the fixture.

If the window is then opened further, and therefore the guide rail is rotated further, the shaft is rotated relative to the fixture while at the same time preventing the guide rail from rotating about the shaft.

In modifications, the opposite method to that described above can also be used.

That is, in order to automatically open a window, a guide rail is fixed to a shaft, then the guide rail and shaft are rotated relative to the fixture, and for further rotational movement,
The guide rail is rotatable relative to the shaft, while at the same time this shaft is immovable relative to the fixture.

The force for automatically opening the window is provided by a spring member that is in a pre-compressed state.

This spring member is arranged within the casing of the guide rail.

One end of the spring member is fixedly connected to the guide rail, while the other end of the spring member is fixedly connected to the shaft.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, this spring member is a coil spring disposed about the shaft.

Even after the window is automatically opened to a predetermined size,
This spring member is still in a pre-compressed state.

During the automatic opening movement of the window, the guide rail rotates around the shaft, while at the same time, in the first variant described above, where this shaft does not rotate relative to the fixture, the window After reaching the desired rotational position, further continued rotational movement of the guide rail around the shaft must be prevented.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, for this purpose:
An abutment pin is provided extending through and projecting perpendicularly from the shaft, and further provided with a second abutment pin provided within the casing of the guide rail.
It is possible to contact two abutting members.

The distance between the two abutment members determines the degree of rotational movement of the guide rail by the spring member about the shaft which is stationary relative to the fixture.

A rotational movement of the shaft relative to the fitting can be prevented by a clamping neck projecting from the fitting parallel to the shaft.

The spring force of the spring member forces the abutment pin extending through the shaft into firm contact with the clamping beng.

Details of these arrangements can be found in the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below.

The extent to which the window is automatically opened by the spring member may be any desired size.

Exercises that open from 25 degrees to 40 degrees, for example, 25 degrees, 30 degrees
It has been found that motion 75 at an angle of 35 degrees, 35 degrees or 40 degrees is suitable in practice.

According to the invention, an angle of 35 degrees is particularly preferred for this window opening movement.

The reason is that windows opened at this angle provide a very good ventilation effect, yet when the windows are open, under normal conditions, they practically block out undesirable rain, snow and/or dust. is being prevented.

In order to be able to fix the skylight at a smaller opening angle, if necessary, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, a protruding disk-shaped segment is fixedly attached to the guide rail and then on both sides of this segment. is provided with a detent position.

In relatively thick discs, this detent location may consist of a depression, while in relatively thin discs there is a raised area, and the detent location is formed between the raised areas. .

A pair of detent positions on each side of the disk-like segment may be located either directly opposite each other on each side of the disk-like segment, or laterally relative to each other. Place it at a position displaced by .

Opposite the disc-shaped segment, the U-shaped fastener bracket is fixed to the main frame by a U-shaped web part such that the disc-shaped segment is located between the two free rim parts of the fastener bracket. has been done.

A separate roller is rotatably mounted at the end of each rim portion of the U-shape, and the roller may engage the detent position.

Tightening is done by the spring force of the bracket forcing the roller into the detent position and holding the window fixed in the selected position.

Preferably, there are three sets of detent positions each associated with each other, the outermost position corresponding to a position where the window is approximately 35 degrees out.

The degree of lateral displacement of the glazing frame relative to the main frame is determined by the length of the guide rail and the length of the glazing frame.

In a normal embodiment of the skylight according to the invention, the frame rail of the guide rail glazing has a length M-, which length is equal to the length of the main frame around which the glazing frame pivots. Corresponds to the length of one side.

In this case, the extent to which the glazing frame must overlap the opening in the main frame when the window is maximally displaced laterally is determined by the total length of the spacer rods and the total length of the roller guide track. Determined by the diameter of the pole.

The degree of overlap required is typically - to - of the internal opening of the rail.

4 In certain embodiments of the skylight according to the invention, larger lateral displacements are possible without substantially increasing cost.

This embodiment has particular advantages in allowing for relatively narrow skylights to be used to climb up and down the roof when necessary.

Even in this embodiment, the rail of the window frame and the guide rail can be of the same length.

The degree of lateral sliding can be easily adapted to individual requirements without compromising the stability of the skylight and the ease of lateral displacement.

In the marginal case described above, the frame of the glazing can extend completely beyond the main frame in a lateral direction so that the entire opening formed by the main frame can be used for climbing up and down the roof, etc. It can be displaced to

In order to close the glazing frame to the main frame, the glazing frame must be held against the main frame so that the individual molded seal springs are not damaged when the glazing frame is lowered. , it is desirable to first be in a position that aligns accurately.

In order to ensure that the glazing frame is in precise alignment with the main frame, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, a detent member is secured to the guide rail; , is lockable in corresponding detent positions on the rails of the window frame.

For example, the detent member may consist of a resiliently mounted roller that can engage in a corresponding recess in the rail of the window frame.

The structure of the rollers, the chamfering of the recesses, and/or the spring force with which the rollers are pressed against the glazing frame rails may cause the glazing frame rails to change laterally after the window is opened. The detent connection is selected to facilitate engagement and disengagement without significant interference with the detent connection.

The invention will be further described with reference to seven drawings showing preferred embodiments of the skylight according to the invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a skylight according to the invention installed on a conventional pitched roof.

The skylight comprises a main frame 1 and a glazing frame 2 supporting a glazing 3 for closing the window opening formed by the main frame.

Once a rail 4 is fixedly attached to the window frame 2, it surrounds a guide rail 5 and is slidable along this guide rail.

The guide rail 5 is rotatably fixed to the main frame 1 by fittings 7 (only one visible in the figure).

In the embodiment shown, the window frame 2 is slid laterally relative to the main frame 1 and is also pivoted upwards into the ventilation position.

FIGS. 2 and 3 are detailed views of a mechanism for laterally sliding and pivoting the window glass frame 2 with respect to the main frame 1. FIG.

This means mainly consists of a coil spring 58 and a shaft 5.
7, a guide rail 5, a rail 4, and a fixture 7.
and includes.

The rail 4 is fixedly connected to the window frame 2 by a hollow chamber-like member 41;
The window glass frame 2 is attached to the window glass 3 by a seal 21.
is fixed.

The rail 4 has a C-shaped shape, and the guide rail 5
It partially surrounds the area.

Each guide surface 44 and 45 creates a recess in the short projecting rim section, and the guide surfaces 44 and 45, together with the corresponding guide surfaces 51 and 52 on the guide rail 5, form a roller guide track for the ball 9. is formed.

The rail 4 is held at a distance from the guide rail 5 by a pole 9.

The rail 4 is therefore slidable laterally relative to the guide rail 5.

This roller guide is further illustrated in detail in FIG.

The guide rail 5 essentially consists of a closed casing 53 and supporting means 54, 55 . %- and 56 are formed on the inner wall of this casing 53.

The shaft 57 and coil spring 58 are located within the casing 53.

The coil spring 58 has a curved end 59 of the spring located in the support means 56.
The other end 60 of the spring 58 is fixed to the shaft 57 by a fixing pin 61 at the fittings 7p and 7 of the guide rail 5 on the shaft 57.
The installation state of the shaft 57 fixed to each of the second
This is illustrated in detail in the figure.

Fittings 7 and 7' (see also Figures 4a and 4b), which are identical, are fixedly attached to the inner ends of one side 11 of the main frame.

This attachment method may use, for example, screws that can be screwed into the frame 1.

Round hole 7 to provide a bearing for shaft 57
2 is formed on the fixture 7.

At a distance from this hole 72 a clamping beng 73 is arranged, which protrudes horizontally into the fixture 7 and serves as a stop for the abutment pin 62.

Through each of these abutment pins 62 pass two corresponding end portions of the shaft 570, and the pins also have a portion 63 projecting beyond the circumferential portion of the shaft 570.

The abutment pin 62 has a protruding portion 63 in contact with the clamp beng 73.

As a result, the shaft 57 is prevented from rotating with respect to the fixture 7 in the direction in which the spring 58 is pulled.

Moreover, the protruding portion 63 of the abutment pin 62
located in contact with one of the two support means 54 or 55 of the inner wall of 3.

This in turn determines the degree of rotational movement of the guide rail 5 relative to the shaft 57.

In the illustrated embodiment, the distance between the support means 54 and 55 is
If the angle at which the guide rail 5 is rotatably movable relative to the shaft 57 is approximately 35 degrees and the part 63 of the abutment pin 62 is located in the support means 54, the frame 2 of the glazing is also - Located in frame 1, window closed (part A).

) On the other hand, the portion 63 of the abutment pin 62 is
If the windowpane frame 2 with the windowpane 3 is located at the position BK indicated by the dashed line, this position is
Equal to the maximum opening width after this window opens automatically.

Finally, in order to reach position C, which is indicated by the old dashed line and which corresponds to the fully folded position of the window, the guide rail 5 and the shaft rotate together relative to the fixture 7, so that: It can be seen that only the shaft 57 rotates on the bearing 52.

On the other hand, the portion 63 of the abutment pin 62 remains in contact with the support means 55 so that the guide rail does not rotate relative to the shaft 57.

If the window returns from position C to position B, during this return movement,
Since the only opposing force that must be overcome is the frictional force applied to the bearing 52, the protrusion 6 of the abutment pin 62
3 still contacts the support means 55.

Only in the case of a pivoting movement of the window from position B to position A does the projection 63 of the abutment pin 62 move away from the support means 55 and finally the abutment pin contacts the support means 54. Return to position.

As seen in FIG. 2, a friction or flat bearing 64 is provided, the inner circumferential surface of which is in sliding contact with the shaft 57, while the outer circumferential surface of the bearing is in sliding contact with the shaft 57. The surface is fixed to the inner wall of the casing 53 of the guide rail 5.

As a result, the guide rail 5 is connected to the shaft 57Vc.
It is possible to install it so that it can rotate freely.

FIG. 2 also shows the balls 9, 9' and the spacer rods 91 arranged in the roller guide tracks, which are arranged on one side of the guide rail and on the other side of the guide surface of the rail 4. is formed by.

The ends of this roller guide track are delimited by abutment ends 65 and 66 of guide rail 5 and thus by abutment ends 46 and 47 of rail 4.

Therefore, at the position where the rail 4 is maximally displaced in the lateral direction with respect to the guide rail 5, the ball γ contacts the contact end 66, the ball 9 contacts the contact end 46, or the ball 9 contacts the contact end 46, or the ball 9 contacts the contact end 46. Either the ball 9' contacts the contact end 65 or the contact end 47.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a ball placed in a roller guide track.

The guide surface 44 (or 52) of the casing 53 of the guide rail 5 and the guide surface 44 (or 46) of the guide rail 4 almost completely surround the ball 9. .

For manufacturing reasons, this guide surface has a slightly different shape with a circular cross-section, but the ball 9 must be in contact with the end area of each of the guide surfaces 44 and 51. It won't happen.

As a result, a so-called 4-point installation was achieved, which resulted in two
With the maximum possible distance between the two roller guide tracks, the rail 4 is accurately guided on the guide rail 5.

In this embodiment, each of balls 9 and 9' is not guided by a ball cage, so that guide surface 44
It is possible to omit the ball cage for the balls 9 so that they are substantially surrounded by each of the balls 9 and 51.

During the process of practical testing of the skylight according to the invention,
Even large windows with considerable weight can be easily displaced along a single guide rail due to these features and can be pivoted around the guide rail at the same time. .

Figures 6a, 6b and 6c are detailed views of the restraining means for permanently fixing the open skylight in its open position.

This restraining means 8 is connected to the casing 53 of the guide rail 5.
includes a disc-shaped segment 80 projecting perpendicularly from the outer wall of the.

In this embodiment, the disc-shaped segment 80 consists of a plate of thick plastic material, with recessed detent locations 81.degree., 81'button and 81" along the circumference of the segment.

Detent locations 81 consist of indentations on both sides of plate 800.

A spring bracket 82 is fixedly attached to the main frame 1 by a clamping plate (not shown).

Free rim portions 83 and 84 of spring bracket 82
are bent at an angle and support rotatable rollers 85 and 86 around each of the rim portions 83 and 84.

Rollers 86 and 85 are engageable into oppositely disposed positions 81 on disk segment 80 and resiliently urged into the detent positions by the spring force of spring bracket 82. has been done.

This allows even if the window is quite heavy,
It becomes possible to fix the window in the open position.

In the spring bracket shown in Figures 6b and 6c,
If the rim portions 83 and 84 have different lengths, if the detent positions 81 on opposite sides of the disk segment 800 are also displaced relative to each other, the rollers 85
and 86 are arranged so that they can be engaged with the detent position 81.

As shown in FIG. 6a, roller 85 is at detent position 8.
1, the skylight is fixed in the open position at an angle of approximately 35 degrees; in this case, the automatic opening movement
It is in the maximum open state.

When the roller 85 is fixed in the detent position 81', this window is tilted approximately 20 degrees; similarly, when the roller 85 is fixed in the detent position 81'', the window is tilted approximately 20 degrees. It was weighed 7 times.

Figures 7a and 7b are schematic illustrations of different embodiments of the skylight according to the invention, in which the frame 2 of the glazing is maximally displaced relative to the main frame 1.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7a, a guide rail 5 rotatably fixed to the main frame 1 by means of a fixture 7
and the rail 4 fixedly attached to the frame 2 of the window glass have approximately the same length.

This length corresponds to the length of one side 11 of the main frame 1 along which the glazing frame is displaceable.

As shown in the figure, the state in which the frame 2 of the window glass can be displaced to the maximum with respect to the main frame 1 is when the pole 9 contacts the abutting end 46 of the rail 4 and the pole 9' , in contact with the abutting end 66 of the guide rail 5, and furthermore, these poles and the spacer rod 91 are arranged between the two poles.

As can be easily seen by comparing Figures 7a and 7b, the lengths of the guide rails 5 and 4 are relative to the length 11 along which the window frame is displaced. hand,
By elongating, it is easy to increase the degree of lateral displacement mentioned above.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7b, the guide rail 50
The ends project beyond the longitudinal edges 12 and 13 of the main frame 1.

Similarly, both ends of the rail 40 project beyond the longitudinal ends 22 and 23 of the window frame 2.

If the guide rails 5 and 4 extend beyond their corresponding longitudinal ends by a distance "d", the overall transverse displacement will be a distance "2d" compared to the embodiment of FIG. 7a. increases.

However, this is the case when the lengths of the number buttons of the poles 9 and 9' and the spacer rod 91 are maintained in either embodiment.

As a result, the glazing frame 2 can be displaced completely beyond the main frame 1 without impairing the stability and ease of movement of the skylight.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a skylight according to the invention installed in a sloping roof. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the guide rail of the main frame and the rail of the glazing frame of the skylight according to the invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the main frame guide rail and the glazing frame rail and their adjacent parts. Fig. 4a is a front view of the fixture, and Fig. 4b is a side view of the same. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the poles of adjacent guide surfaces. Figures 6a, 6b and 6c show the parts of the braking means. Figures 7a and 7b show different embodiments of the skylight in the position of maximum lateral displacement of the glazing frame. Description of symbols, 1... Main frame, 3... Window glass, 2... Window glass frame, 4... Rail, 5
...Guide rail, 7...Mounting tool, 9,9'...
・Pole, 11...One side of the main frame, 44,
45°51.52...Each guide surface, 57...
Shaft, 58...Spring member (coil spring)
, 59...Other end, 60...1 end, 80...Disk-shaped segment, 81, 81', 81''...Detent position, 81...U-shaped fastening is bracket, 83 .8
4...Two ends, 85.86...Individual rollers 91...Spacer rod.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A rectangular main frame is installed in a hole for a skylight drilled in the roof, and a guide plate is attached to one side of the main frame.
A rail is rotatably mounted, a window glass frame is fitted to the guide rail so as to be slidable in the lateral direction with respect to the guide rail, and the guide rail is rotatably fitted to the guide rail. A shirt 1 is provided with a spring member, one end of which is pivotally supported on a guide rail, and the other end of which is fixed to the guide rail, so that when the window is closed, the spring member is rolled up and put into a compressed state. When opening the sliding window, simply by releasing the lock, the spring member rebounds and rotates in the opposite direction, automatically rotating the guide rail and the frame of the window glass to open the window. , and a skylight that can be rotated freely. 2. The guide rail according to claim 1, characterized in that a shirt track is provided in the longitudinal direction of the guide rail, and the shaft is rotatably supported on a fixture protruding from an example of the main frame. Skylight. 3. Claim 1, wherein the spring member is a coil spring extending around the shaft, one end of the spring member being fixed to the shaft, and the other end being fixed to a guide rail. and a skylight as described in paragraph 2. 4. said guide rail slidably fitted to a window frame is capable of automatically rotating about said shaft by at least about 35 degrees after the window is unlocked;
A skylight according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the coil spring is sufficiently compressed beforehand. 5. The shaft rotates within the fixture when the window automatically rotates approximately 35 degrees and simultaneously prevents the guide rail from rotating about the shaft, or further rotates the window. 5. The skylight according to claim 4, which allows an opening movement.