JPS5836654A - Coarse dust shir - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention belongs to the field of waste utilization and comprises shaft parts which operate relatively and are driven by hydraulic means, one of which is fixed and the other. The present invention relates to a bulky waste 7 yard arranged such that the shear portions can move about a common shear rotation point.

Burning is the most commonly used method of recovering the energy contained in waste. The heat deposited from this waste can be used in many ways, and at the same time it at least partially solves the problem of waste disposal. For combustion, combustible material is charged into a common furnace and discharged from the other end of the furnace as completely burnt ash or charcoal husk. Condition combustible materials prior to combustion to ensure favorable transport and combustion conditions.

For example, it may be necessary to crush the material, mix it with other components, homogenize it, etc. Heat generation can also be controlled by these means.

For crushing garbage, especially bulky garbage, the garbage crushing device described, for example, in Swiss Patent No. cfd 400046 is useful. The device consists of a hydraulically operated shear, the seven-yard movable shear beam having a blade convexly curved relative to the cutting direction. A press plate is connected to this blade at a distance from the shear rotation point. This press plate, together with counter parts of other shaft parts, precompacts the material to be crushed. It was discovered that the shear gap of this device developed by Hondetonin was blocked during operation. This leads to locking of the shear depending on the type of material. Furthermore,
It has been found that in the case of a convexly curved blade, the cut material is moved out before the cutting point without being crushed by a constant cutting force and by a varying speed of movement of the cutting point, especially at the end of the cutting cycle. Ta.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to create a bulky waste shear which has good cutting properties, has no tendency to blockage and achieves self-cleaning.

Another object of the invention is to maintain the output of the bulky waste shear while at the same time reducing the structural length in order to reduce manufacturing costs and space requirements.

The problem is that the cutting edges of the shearing portions of both shafts form a straight line and are of the same length, and the dimensions of the shear openings of one shaft portion are the same as those of the other shaft in order to allow the shearing portions to interlock. Larger than part of the cutter beam size 9
, a movable shear part is supported on a stationary support member in the front third of a hydraulic cylinder, which is resolved by a bulky waste shear which is likewise suspended on this support member.

In a preferred embodiment, the width of the face of the cutter beam carrying the shearing force is greater than the width of the back face not carrying the shearing force.

In another preferred embodiment, the shear edge is provided with a plurality of replaceable shears.

In other embodiments, retaining bolts are provided near or between the shear points.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Figure 1 has been simplified for clarity.

1 shows a shear rotating about a shear rotation point 1 and having two shaft sections 10.20.

The shaft part 10 is a shaft part fixed relative to the base, and the Co acting through points A and B or B and C.
It is fixed to the base with. The sturdy frame 11 of the shear part 10 not only supports and holds it fixed, but also provides the shear part with the necessary stability to resist the forces acting upon it during cutting. Shall part 2 movable with respect to the base and its supporting parts, i.e. the shear part 10
0 rotates around the same pivot point 1. This shade part 2
0 is of solid construction and is provided with a reinforcing frame 21. This shaft part 20 is fastened to the base at point B on the one hand and indirectly to the base via the hinge 5 and the support member 3 on the other hand.

The pressing force at the time of cutting bulky waste, which acts against the closing force of one part of both shafts, is determined by the tension between anchoring points A and C, which is shown here only in principle. Therefore, this force does not act on the support.

The movable shaft portion 20 is shown in its two positions, an open position and a closed position.

The closing movement of the shaft part through the opening angle α is effected, for example, by means of a hydraulic tensioning and tensioning device as shown in FIG. This hydraulic device also re-opens the shear. In order to couple the linear movement of the piston of this hydraulic device with the rotary movement of the shaft part 20, a hinge 5 provided in this shaft part serves. During the cutting operation, this hinge traces part of a circular path. At that time, the force acts on this hinge in a different direction. Thereby, the closing force is distributed by a force acting on the longitudinal axis of the collar section 20. The shear is partially closed to a complementary angle β to the longitudinal axis. This angle can also take negative values. At this time, the cutting point (intersection point) S moves from the turning point 1 to the end cutting point S' beyond the maximum cutting length. Therefore, the complementary angle β should be set as follows. That is, the entire cut surface of the movable shaft portion 20 should be utilized, and at the same time the shaft portion should be set so that it engages in a single-pole shape for self-cleaning.

FIG. 2 shows the bulky waste miner with additional details whose main functions were explained in FIG.

In addition to the individual parts shown in FIG. 1, there is also a part of a hydraulic device for operating the movable shaft part 2o, namely a hydraulic piston rod 31, 31' shown in two positions;
Hydraulic cylinders 30, 50' also shown in two positions
, is illustrated. The support member 3 is connected to the end member 3 as usual.
2, 32'-'J, but in the forward half of the cylinder, in particular in the third of the cylinder on the side of the opening for the biston rods 31, 31'.

By making the supporting member of the hydraulic cylinder have a special structure as mentioned above, the overall length of the coarse garbage yard is shortened.
This results in some advantages. For example, the material and M yzt can be reduced because the tensile anchors 25 are short and the framework 26, which serves for the mechanical and total reinforcement of the entire installation, is correspondingly short. The equipment requires only a narrow renovation space and has a short structural length, so it can be easily attached to existing equipment. Dimensions may be on the order of 12 m long, 5 m wide and 5 m or more in height. This size dimension ensures that the aforementioned reductions are achieved.

FIG. 3 shows a top view in the open state of the shear parts with suitable cutter beams 10', 20', ie the fixed shear part 10 and the movable shear part 2o. The fixed cutter beam 10' and the movable shear part (7) cutter beam 20' are connected to each other so that the two cutter beams in contact with each other are connected to each other with a spacing of shear openings 12 or 22. They are staggered. This connection consists of an intermediate beam 14 for each fixed and one excitation shear section in the area of the shear rotation point 1.
' , 24'l (thus, and in the end region the transverse beam 1
4.24. A hinge 5 can be fixed to this compensating beam 24 for the movable shaft part, which couples the rotational and translational movements.

Each cutter beam is provided with a hardened shear force 5 on one or both cutting edges thereof. Advantageously, this blade is fixed to the cutter beam so that it can be quickly and easily assembled and disassembled. It is clear that when cutting bulky materials, even if the material is sorted, a phenomenon occurs in which the material that dulls and destroys the blade begins to be hardened and processed together with the blade. Therefore,
Careful attention should be paid to spare parts as well as to prevent damage to the cutter beam that requires replacement. This replacement will cause the operation to be stopped for a long time.

The cutter beam at the edge carries the appropriate shearing force only at one edge, the active cutting edge. The total length of the cutter beam blades in both shaft portions is approximately the same. Of course, the shear opening 1 on the same side is set so that the cutter beam is >+H when the shear is completely closed, that is, the entire cutter beam is inserted into the shear opening.
2.22 dimensions shall be determined. This results in
The full length of the blade is utilized, rather than the bud where self-cleaning action is achieved.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the cutter beam cut perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. Fixed 7-ya part 1
The inner cutter beam 10', which belongs to 0, carries a clamp 15 on both edges of the 7-yard, and the edge-cutter beam 20', which belongs to the movable shear part 20, carries a cutter beam 20' on one shear edge. However, it cannot bear the full shear force. The cutter beam has a trapezoidal shape that converges inward from the shear edge. This means is provided only on the side of the shear edge with the shearing part 15 of the edge-fixed cutter beam 20'; it can also be formed converging trapezoidally. This special measure prevents clogging on the opposite side of the /ya part. This clogging often causes known machines to stop operating. This clogging is caused by the fact that the cutting takes place only in one direction and by the small degree of freedom of the cutter beam in the direction transverse to the direction of movement of the cutter beam. When the material that causes the clogging trench - in the worst case, a strongly adhesive material - is sufficiently filled between the cutter beams by the strong cutting pressure, the opening force of one part of the shaft is no longer sufficient to remove the clogging trench. cannot be removed. To increase the pressing force between the cutter beams, components often must be unscrewed from their screwed condition.

Figures 5a and 5b show two working positions of the canter beams in engagement with each other. This working position corresponds to the cross section ``--'''' in FIG. cutter beam 10
The fixed shear part with the cutter beam 20' is designated by the reference numeral 10, and the movable shear part with the cutter beam 20' is designated by the reference numeral 20. The arrows attached to each cutter beam indicate the t-eye movement of the cutter beam. It is clear that the cutter beam 10' remains stationary with respect to constant coordinates.

In the working position of FIG. 5a, the shear force section is located immediately in front of the cutting point S of FIG.
．． 15 of the 20 determinations have not yet crossed. The process leading to the clogging and leakage described above begins approximately at this point. If the cutting material is not fractured by the shearing section 15 but is caught by the closing movement of the shear part and falls between the opposite cutter beams, even if the stability of the cutter beam is sufficient, the material is not in a tight state. It passes through the chassis opening and hits the outer surface of a portion of the chassis. Even if clogging occurs each time, it is actually eliminated by the above two means.

This state of cleaning can be called self-cleaning.

FIG. 5b shows a variant of the cutter beam 10', 20' with staggered shears. Due to this positional shift, the cut surface is also changed into a continuous step shape. The two opposing cutters as a pair of blades each reach the shearing mesh earlier than the other blades or pair of blades to which it belongs. When the shearing work is distributed over time,
Instant cutting 1 analysis output can be reduced.

The holding projection 16 on the cutter beam is formed in such a way that it pierces the cutting material under the action of a closing pressure. This allows the material to be cut to be moved in front of the cutting point,
No movement during previous crushing.

ig 2, 4 and 5, a retaining projection 16 is provided on the cutter beam and between the shearing section or in the vicinity of the shearing section on the end beam, as a further measure for as trouble-free operation as possible. This retaining projection prevents angular, bulky material to be crushed from being carried away before the cutting point. In other words, the tooth-like retaining protrusion 16 acts as a unidirectionally acting obstacle.

This is because the material in the shear opening is fixed by piercing or scratching the material to be crushed with the holding projection.

In FIG. 5d, a shearing bar 15 is inserted into a groove extending along the cutting edge of the cutter beam. The screw 15' carries a shear force 15 which only acts on the pace. Shear blade 1517) - The exposed shear edge is in a position where the other six shear edges are protected by the cutter beam. This measure simplifies the installation of an unused shear edge into a shear position by simply replacing the shear force.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 is a schematic view showing the open and closed states of the bulky waste shear; FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the open and semi-open form of the bulky waste shear according to FIG. 1, with additional details;
Fig. 6 is a plan view of the cutting mechanism of the bulky waste shear according to Fig. 2, Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the inner cutter beam and the outer edge-cutter beam, and Figs. The cutter beam of the bulky waste shear is fixed to the cutter beam by two positions ft, i.e., the cutting point and the cutter beam having the cut surface of FIG. 1 behind the cutting point, and FIG. FIG. Symbols S and C in the figure...Supporting member 10.20: Shear portion 12... Shear opening 15... Shearing force 16... Holding protrusion 20'... Cutter beam 30... Liquid pressure cylinder

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. comprising a shaft portion that operates relative to each other and is driven by hydraulic means, one of the shaft portions being stationary;
The other shear portions are arranged to be movable about a common shear rotation point, each shear portion having a plurality of cutter beams whose cutting edges form paired cutting points. At the bulky waste shear,
The cutting edges of the shear force (15) of both shear portions (10, 20) form a straight line and are of the same length, and in order to engage the shear portions, the shear opening of one shear portion (10) is 9, the dimensions of which are larger than the dimensions of the cutter beam (20') of the other shaft part (20); (31C), this hydraulic pressure 71J
The invention is characterized in that the conductor is likewise suspended on this support member. Ogomisha. 2. Patent 3, characterized in that the dimensions of the face of the cutter beam that carry the shearing force (15) are larger than the dimensions of the back surface that does not carry the shearing force (15). A bulky waste shear according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the shear comprises a shear slope (15). 4. The holding protrusion (16) is provided in the longitudinal central plane perpendicular to the plane of the cutter beam (10.20) carrying the shearing force (15) and close to the shearing force. A bulky waste shear according to claim 1 or 2. 5. The bulky waste shear according to claim 3, characterized in that the reservoir hole for fixing the shearing force has a center of symmetry so that the blade can be attached in various positions.