JPH0938515A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crusher of high crushing efficiency provided with crushing blades which can be easily dismantled and removed and also easily restored to the original state without lifting rotating shafts when a crushing blade of lowered crushing capability is replaced and which can retain high rigidity close to an integrated type crusher, although having a split-type cutter. SOLUTION: A crusher includes at least one rotating shaft 20 or more rotated in a casing 10 of almost rectangular shape with a feed opening 11 for a material to be crushed formed on the upper section and a discharge opening 12 for the crushed material formed on the lower section and crushing blade rotors 25 set in the axial direction on rotating shafts 20 in a manner of moving close to fixed blades 30 and 35 in the casing 10. The crushing blade rotors 15 consist of flanges 26 provided at intervals on the rotating shafts 20, rib-shaped blades 27 mounted on the longitudinal direction on the rotating shafts 20 between the flanges and provided at intervals in the rotating shaft peripheral direction, and crushing blades 29 in the state of being mounted across the rotating shafts 20 on one side faces of the flanges 26 mounted replaceably by fastenings 28.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crusher suitable for shearing and crushing soft to hard bulky garbage such as furniture such as beds, refrigerators, drums, bicycles and motorcycles, tires, and wood. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, this type of crusher is shown in FIG. 6 in a state where the crusher overlaps and enters two rotating shafts driven to rotate at unequal speed so as to bite from top to bottom. A mono-cutter or piece cutter as shown is spaced apart, and an integral bearing scraper with an arc-shaped portion on each side wall of the casing close to the circular portion of the rotating shaft between the cutters is individually made using bolt holes in the side wall. Some are fixed.

[0003]

However, in the crusher which crushes by such a shearing action, the shear crushing operation is performed between both side edges of the blades which overlap the object to be processed. Wear is great. Therefore, blade replacement is performed relatively frequently, and the cost of replacement is extremely high because the above-mentioned mono-cutter and piece cutter must be hard and rich in toughness. That is, the monocutter removes the rotating shaft at the time of replacement and pulls out from one side, but if it is operated for a long time, rust may occur, or the shaft may be twisted or distorted,
Extraction was very difficult. In addition, it is difficult to maintain the rigidity of the piece cutter as a single piece if the number of divisions is large, and it is difficult to disassemble and restore due to rust and distortion when replacing damaged parts after long-term operation. is there.

[0004] The crusher of the present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional inconvenience, and when replacing a protruding crushing blade having a reduced crushing capacity after a long-term operation, it can be easily disassembled, detached and restored without removing the rotating shaft. It is another object of the present invention to obtain a crusher having a high crushing efficiency provided with a protruding crushing blade capable of maintaining high rigidity close to an integral body even in a split type.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, a crusher according to claim 1 of the present invention has an opening for inputting an object to be treated and an outlet for an object to be crushed below. A casing having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, at least one rotating shaft that is rotationally driven in the casing, and a fixed blade mounted in the casing are provided axially on the rotating shaft so as to approach the fixed blade during rotation. In the crusher consisting of the crushing blade rotors, the crushing blade rotors are attached to the rotary shaft in the longitudinal direction between the flanges separated from the rotary shaft and the flanges. And a protruding crushing blade that is replaceably attached to one side surface of the flange on the rotary shaft by a stopper while riding on the rotary shaft.

The protruding crushing blade can be easily removed from the flange of the rotating shaft by loosening the stopper when damaged by prolonged use, and can be replaced and restored. The mounting of the protruding crushing blade is performed by fixing the protruding crushing blade to the side surface of the flange with a stopper while riding on the rotating shaft, so that it is possible to maintain a high rigidity close to an integral body. In addition, the crushing operation is performed between the rotating protruding crushing blade and the rib-shaped blade and the fixed blade fixed to the casing, and is performed substantially over the entire length of the rotating shaft, so that high crushing efficiency is obtained. Can be done. The fixed blade has a concave shape and a convex shape corresponding to the convex protruding crushing blade and the concave rib-shaped blade, and performs compression, tearing, and shearing action between the rotating protruding crushing blade and the rib-shaped blade.

[0007] In the crusher according to the second aspect, the casing is provided with a liner inside each side wall so as to be replaceable, so that the casing main body can be prevented from being worn by the object to be treated or the crushed pieces. In the crusher according to the third aspect, the projecting crushing blade has both end faces fitted between the rib-shaped blades, so that a higher rigidity close to that of the rotating shaft and the projecting crushing blade can be obtained. In the crusher according to claim 4, the rotating shaft is reversibly driven, and the protruding crushing blade has crushing edges in both directions. In order to perform crushing work with the fixed blade, the crushing efficiency is improved even if the rotation direction is changed. The crushing operation can be performed for a long time with one protruding crushing blade without any damage.

[0008] In the crusher according to claim 5, the rib-shaped blade is
A replaceable plate-shaped blade is attached by a stopper, and crushing work can be performed without damaging the rib-shaped blade main body attached to the rotating shaft by welding or the like. In the crusher according to the sixth aspect, the fixed blade is supported and reinforced from the bottom of the casing, and even if the fixed blade is long corresponding to the rotating shaft having a long length attached with the protruding crush blade, the fixed blade does not bend at the central portion in the longitudinal direction. It can be made small and stable crushing work can be performed.

In the crusher according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the rotary shaft is detachably attached to the both end shafts by the stoppers via the flanges at both ends, and the rotary shaft is lifted without releasing the bearings at both ends. Can be done. In the crusher according to claim 8, two rotating shafts are provided, the protruding crushing blades of the crushing blade rotors of the rotating shafts are staggered in the axial direction, and the tip portions of the crushing blades are over-rotated when viewed in the axial direction. The shaft intervals are set so as to wrap, and the fixed blades are formed in an uneven shape corresponding to the protruding crushing blades and the rib-shaped blades. When rotationally driven so as to be bitten, crushing is performed particularly efficiently with a protruding crushing blade having a tip portion that overlaps with the uneven fixed blade between the two shafts.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, a crusher according to a representative embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG.
Is a longitudinal sectional view of a shear crusher of a representative embodiment, FIG. 2 is a partial schematic plan view of the crusher, FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of a rotor of the crusher, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a partial side view in which the blade is attached with a stopper, and FIG. 5 is an assembled side view of a rotor including three protruding crushing blades.

1 to 3, furniture such as a bed,
The crusher 1 for chopping large pieces of refuse such as refrigerators, drums, car bodies, tires, and wood into pieces has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape having an input opening 11 for large trash and an outlet 12 for pieces below. A casing 10, two rotating shafts 20, 20, which are rotationally driven at irregular speeds so as to bite from top to bottom as indicated by arrows R <b> 1 and R <b> 2 in the casing 10, Blade mounted rotor 25, ...
., Fixed blades 30, 35 mounted in the casing 10 so as to approach the rotating rotor 25, and the shafts 20, 2
0 rotation drive device.

The casing 10 is installed on a gantry by connecting a hopper (not shown) to the charging opening 11 and connecting a discharge chute (not shown) to the discharge port 12. The reinforcing rib 15A is fixed. The horizontal upper beams of the end walls 16, 16 and the presser of the bearing B are removed so that the rotating shafts 20, 20 can be lifted up for the whole inspection and maintenance. Ruggedly assembled to receive. The casing 10 has a liner 15 </ b> B replaceably mounted inside each side wall 15.

The rotating shaft 20 has a circular cross section,
It is detachably attached to both end shafts 21 supported by bearings B via stoppers 20A via flanges 20A at both ends thereof, and only a mounting portion of the rotor 25 is lifted to repair the flange 26 and the rib-like blade 27. It is supposed to be. The rotating shaft 20 may have a regular polygonal cross section in addition to a circular cross section.

The crushing blade rotor 25 has a plurality of flanges 26 spaced apart from the rotating shaft 20, and a pair of flanges 26 attached to the rotating shaft 20 in the longitudinal direction between the flanges 26 and spaced 120 degrees around the rotating shaft. A plurality of pairs of rib-shaped blades 27
And a protruding crushing blade 29 which is mounted on one side surface of the flange 26 at intervals of 180 degrees so as to be replaceable by a push bolt 28 of a stopper while riding on the rotating shaft 20. Two rotating shafts 20 are provided, and the crushing blades 29 of the crushing blade rotor 25 of each rotating shaft are staggered in the axial direction, and the shaft intervals are such that the tips overlap during rotation as viewed in the axial direction. Is set.

The protruding crushing blade 29 has a hook-shaped portion 29A protruding outside the flange 26 and having crushing edges in both rotation directions, and a mounting base portion 29B having both end surfaces fitted between a pair of rib-shaped blades 27. The rotary shaft 20 and the projecting crushing blade 29 can obtain higher rigidity close to that of an integrated body. Because the rotating shaft 20 is driven reversibly, the crushing operation is performed with the fixed blades 30 and 35 by the bidirectional crushing edge of the protruding crushing blade 29, so that one protruding crushing without changing the crushing efficiency even if the rotation direction is changed. Blade 29
The crushing operation can be performed over a long period of time. As shown in FIG. 3, the crushing blade rotor 25 includes a hook-shaped portion 29A.
The rib-shaped blade 27 adjacent to the rib-shaped blade 27, for example, 45
The phases are changed in the circumferential direction by degrees, and are arranged spirally throughout the longitudinal direction.

The fixed blades 30 and 35 are provided with a fixed blade 30 between the rotors 25 of both rotating shafts 20 and an outer fixed blade 35, and are provided from the transverse beam 19 at the bottom of the casing 10 via a support 19A. Has been reinforced. Each fixed blade 30, 35
The recessed portions 30A, 35A corresponding to the hook-shaped portion 29A of the protruding crushing blade 29, and the convex straight portions 30B, 35B corresponding to the rib-shaped blade 27 are provided in the. The fixed blades 30 and 35 are concave and convex corresponding to the convex protruding crushing blade 29 and the concave rib-shaped blade 27 as described above, and are formed between the rotating protruding crushing blade 29 and the rib-shaped blade 27. It acts on compression, tearing and shearing.

The rotary drive devices are provided outside the left and right end walls 16, 16 of the casing 10 for each of the rotary shafts 20, 20.
r. p. m. It is driven by a reversible motor, a power transmission means such as a chain, a speed reducer, and a joint of its output shaft. There is also provided an overload detection means that rotates only in reverse. Since the crushing action is performed between the protruding crushing blade 29 and the rib-shaped blade 27 and the fixed blades 30 and 35, the crushing action is the same even at constant speed rotation.

As shown in FIG. 4, the rib-like blade 27 can be attached to a replaceable plate-like blade 27A by a stopper 27B, and damages the rib-like blade 27 main body attached to the rotating shaft 20 by welding or the like. The crushing work can be performed without using. As shown in FIG. 5, the crushing blade rotor 25 has a plurality of flanges 26 spaced apart from the rotating shaft 20, and is attached to the rotating shaft 20 in the longitudinal direction between the flanges 26, and 120 degrees in the circumferential direction around the rotating shaft. Can be replaced by a push bolt 28 of a stopper in a state in which one of the rib-shaped blades 27 is laid on one side surface of the flange 26 across the rotary shaft 20 between the rib-shaped blades 27. And three protruding crushing blades 29 attached at intervals of 120 degrees. In this case, the number of rotations is set to be low so that the crushed pieces can easily fall from the biting recesses 30A and 35A.
Further, instead of the two-shaft crusher 1 of the above-described representative embodiment, a single-shaft crusher is also employed according to the amount of the material to be processed.

[0019]

As described above, according to the crusher according to the first aspect of the present invention, (1) an opening for introducing the object to be processed and an outlet for discharging the crushed object are provided below. A casing having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, at least one rotating shaft driven to rotate in the casing, and an axial direction provided on the rotating shaft so as to approach a fixed blade mounted in the casing during rotation. Crushing blade rotor, the crushing work is mainly performed between the crushing blade rotor and the fixed blade, almost constant crushing work efficiency is obtained, the rotating shaft and the crushing blade rotor according to the amount of the workpiece to be processed The number of fixed blades can be increased.

(2) The crushing blade rotor includes a flange provided on the rotating shaft, a rib-like blade attached to the rotating shaft in a longitudinal direction between the flanges, and provided in a circumferential direction of the rotating shaft. And a protruding crushing blade which is mounted on the one side of the flange so as to be replaceable by a stopper while riding on the rotating shaft, the protruding crushing blade stops when it is damaged by long-term use. It can be easily removed from the flange of the rotating shaft by loosening the tool, and replacement can be restored. The mounting of the protruding crushing blade is performed by fixing the protruding crushing blade to the side surface of the flange with a stopper while riding on the rotating shaft, so that it is possible to maintain a high rigidity close to an integral body. In addition, the crushing operation is performed between the rotating protruding crushing blade and the rib-shaped blade and the fixed blade fixed to the casing, and is performed substantially over the entire length of the rotating shaft, so that high crushing efficiency is obtained. Can be done.

(3) In the crusher according to the second aspect of the present invention, the casing is provided with a liner inside each side wall so as to be replaceable, so that the casing body can be prevented from being worn by the object to be processed or the crushed pieces. . (4) In the crusher according to the third aspect, the projecting crushing blade has both end faces fitted between the rib-shaped blades, so that a higher rigidity close to that of the rotating shaft and the projecting crushing blade can be obtained. I can do it. (5) In the crusher according to claim 4, the rotating shaft is driven reversibly, and the protruding crushing blade has crushing edges in both directions.
Since the crushing operation is performed with the fixed blade, the crushing operation can be performed for a long period of time with one protruding crushing blade without impairing the crushing efficiency even if the rotation direction is changed.

(6) In the crushing machine according to the fifth aspect, the rib-shaped blade has a replaceable plate-shaped blade attached by a stopper, and does not damage the rib-shaped blade main body attached to the rotating shaft by welding or the like. Can be crushed. (7) In the crusher according to claim 6, the fixed blade is supported and reinforced from the bottom of the casing, and even if the fixed blade is attached to a long rotating shaft by mounting a large number of protruding crushing blades, the fixed blade is provided at the central portion in the longitudinal direction. The bending of the can be reduced and stable crushing work can be performed.

(8) In the crusher according to the seventh aspect, the rotary shaft is detachably attached to the both end shafts by the stoppers via the flanges at both ends of the rotary shaft, and the rotary shaft is not released from the bearings at both ends. Can be fried. (9) In the crusher according to claim 8, two rotating shafts are provided, the protruding crushing blades of the crushing blade rotor of each rotating shaft are staggered in the axial direction, and the tips rotate when viewed in the axial direction. The shaft spacing is set so as to overlap the inside, and the fixed blade is formed in an uneven shape corresponding to the protruding crushing blade and the rib-shaped blade, and the two rotary shafts are arranged between them. When it is rotationally driven so as to bite downward from, the crushing is performed particularly efficiently with the protruding crushing blade having the tip end portion that overlaps with the concave-convex fixed blade between the two shafts.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a shear crusher according to a representative embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial schematic plan view of the crusher.

FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of a rotor of the crusher.

FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view in which a replaceable plate-like blade of a rib-like blade is attached with a stopper.

FIG. 5 is an assembled side view of a rotor composed of three protruding crushing blades.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a mono cutter and a piece cutter of a conventional shear crusher.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Casing 11 Input opening 12 Discharge port 15 Side wall 15B Liner 20 Rotating shaft 25 Crushing blade rotor 26 Flange 27 Rib-shaped blade 27A Plate-shaped blade 28 Stopper 29 Projecting crushing blade 30 Fixed blade 35 Fixed blade

Claims (8)

[Claims] A casing having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape having an upper opening for charging an object to be processed and an outlet for discharging crushed material, and at least one rotating shaft rotatably driven in the casing. And a crushing blade rotor axially provided on the rotating shaft so as to approach the fixed blade mounted in the casing during rotation. The crushing blade rotor is separated from the rotating shaft. A flange provided, a rib-like blade longitudinally attached to the rotary shaft between the flanges and spaced apart in a circumferential direction of the rotary shaft, and in a state of riding on one side of the flange over the rotary shaft. A crushing machine, comprising: a protruding crushing blade which is replaceably attached by a stopper. 2. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein the casing has a liner exchangeably mounted inside each side wall. 3. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein both end faces of the protruding crushing blade are fitted between the rib-shaped blades. 4. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein the rotating shaft is driven reversibly, and the protruding crushing blade has crushing edges in both directions. 5. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein said rib-shaped blade is attached with a replaceable plate-shaped blade by a stopper. 6. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein the fixed blade is supported and reinforced by a bottom of the casing. 7. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein the rotary shaft is removably attached to the both end shafts by means of stoppers via flanges at both ends thereof. 8. The rotating shaft is provided in two lines, and the crushing blades of the crushing blade rotor of each rotating shaft are alternately arranged in the axial direction, and the leading ends overlap when viewed in the axial direction during rotation. 2. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein a shaft interval is set, and the fixed blade is formed in an uneven shape corresponding to the protruding crush blade and the rib-shaped blade.