JPH10191780A - Culture soil for raising plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prepare culture soil for raising seedlings for not damaging the germination of crops, providing a fertilizer response over the long period of time, not causing the elution of a fertilizer during preservation and not raising the electric conductivity of a base material. SOLUTION: This culture soil for raising plants contains 0.1-43 pts.wt. peat- moss, 3-7 pts.wt. activated carbon, 0.03-0.5 pts.wt. surfactant, 2-6 pts.wt. slow- acting fertilizers and 0-2 pts.wt. quick-acting fertilizers to 100 pts.wt. base material composed of granular culture soil or the granular culture soil and vermiculite. Further, 0.7-7 pts.wt. coconut fibers or pearlite can be contained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a soil for cultivating plant seedlings,
Particularly, the present invention relates to a cultivation soil having a long fertilizing period, which is suitable for raising seedlings such as leek, onion, asparagus, leek, and eustoma.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, long-term seedlings are grown by topping up fertilizer. By the way, it is necessary to add a large amount of fertilizer in order to maintain the fertilizer effect over a long period of time by topping up the fertilizer. In this case, the fertilizer increases the electrical conductivity of the soil and inhibits germination of some crops. And the problem of uneven growth. In order to solve this problem, a method using topdressing is used. However, topdressing of a fast-acting fertilizer has a problem that concentration adjustment is troublesome and easy to make mistakes, and furthermore, it requires labor. On the other hand, in order to avoid the problem of topdressing, a fertilizer in which a coated fertilizer (the surface of a grain of a chemical fertilizer coated with oils and fats or synthetic resins) is mixed with a culture soil is also used. However, when a large amount of the coated fertilizer is blended, the fertilizer is rapidly eluted by moisture during storage, so that there is a drawback that the electric conductivity increases and germination failure occurs.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems in the prior art. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a seedling cultivation soil that does not impair the germination of crops, has a long-term fertilizing effect, does not elute fertilizer during storage, and does not increase the electrical conductivity of the base material. is there.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, added a carbide to the culture soil, and furthermore, it is hardly soluble in water and eluted due to a decrease in pH. When a slow-release fertilizer with the property of
The present inventors have found that a fertilizer that has a long-term fertilizing effect and does not elute fertilizer during storage can be obtained, and has completed the present invention.

[0005] That is, the soil for cultivating a plant of the present invention is 0.1 to 43 parts by weight of peat moss and 100 parts by weight of activated carbon on a dry weight basis with respect to 100 parts by weight of granular culture soil or a substrate composed of the granular culture soil and vermiculite. It is characterized by containing 3 to 7 parts by weight, 0.03 to 0.5 parts by weight of a surfactant, 2 to 6 parts by weight of a slow-acting fertilizer, and 0 to 2 parts by weight of a fast-acting fertilizer. The soil for cultivating a plant of the present invention preferably further contains 0.7 to 7 parts by weight of coconut fiber or pearlite.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail.
As the base material in the plant cultivation soil of the present invention, a granular culture soil or a material composed of a granular culture soil and vermiculite is used. As the granular culture soil, granulated clay loam is preferably used. In addition, those obtained by granulating aquatic rock, pumice, volcanic ash, and the like can also be used. Moreover, when a base material consists of granular culture soil and vermiculite, the compounding ratio of granular culture soil and vermiculite can be suitably set in the range of 15:85 to 90:10. The average particle diameter of the granular culture soil and vermiculite is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 5 mm.

[0007] Peat moss is added to increase water retention and reduce weight.
It is added in the range of 0.1 to 43 parts by weight based on parts by weight.

Surfactants are effective for suppressing the water repellency of peat moss and the like, and nonionic surfactants and anionic surfactants are used. Examples include acid ester-based anionic surfactants and nonionic surfactants having in their structure an ether bond in a copolymerized state obtained by ring-opening polymerization of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
Specific examples of the above nonionic surfactants include those obtained by subjecting ethylene oxide and propylene oxide to ring-opening polymerization using an alkali metal hydroxide such as sodium or potassium or a basic compound such as an alcoholate as a catalyst. Polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene glycol and a polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene obtained by subjecting an aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 20 carbon atoms to ring-opening polymerization of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide with a basic compound as a catalyst.・ Monoalkyl ethers. Among these nonionic surfactants, those having a copolymerization ratio of ethylene oxide / propylene oxide in the range of 60 to 20/50 to 80 (% by weight) and an average molecular weight in the range of 900 to 5000 are preferable. is there. Since these nonionic surfactants continuously show the water repellency suppressing effect on peat moss,
There is an effect that storage stability is improved. In the present invention, the content of the surfactant is set in the range of 0.03 to 0.5 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the base material.

Activated carbon has the function of preventing the soil from becoming acidic, and is, for example, one that uses vegetable, coal, petroleum, or other (organic waste, pulp waste liquid, etc.) as a starting material. Can be used, and specific examples include charcoal, bamboo charcoal, coconut shell charcoal, straw ash, decarburized coal, papermaking sludge ash and the like. Average particle size is 0.2-5
mm is preferable, and the amount used is
It is set in the range of 3 to 7 parts by weight with respect to 0 parts by weight.

As a slow release fertilizer, it is difficult to dissolve in water,
Conventionally known substances having a property of elution due to a decrease in pH can be used, and those containing magnesium ammonium phosphate, magnesium ammonium potassium potassium, magnesium potassium phosphate or the like as a constituent component are preferably used. The slow-release fertilizer is preferably used in an average particle size range of 0.1 to 5 mm.
It is appropriately set in the range of 2 to 6 parts by weight with respect to 0 parts by weight. When the content is lower than the above range, the fertilizing time is short and the effect is inferior. On the other hand, when it is higher than the above range, the viability is inferior.

The cultivation soil for growing plants of the present invention may further contain other components in addition to the above components. Specifically, a fast-acting fertilizer, coconut fiber, perlite, pumice, zeolite and the like can be contained.

It is preferable that the soil for cultivating a plant of the present invention contain a fast-acting fertilizer, since the fertilizing effect occurs even in the initial stage. As the fast-acting fertilizer, known fertilizers can be appropriately used, and examples thereof include nitrite lime, heavy burnt phosphorus, potassium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, and superphosphate lime. The amount of the fast-acting fertilizer is preferably 1 part by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the base material. When coconut fiber or perlite is contained, the amount of the coconut fiber or the pearlite is preferably in the range of 0.7 to 7 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the base material.

[0013]

【Example】

(Production Example) A nonionic surfactant (Newcalgen 2517EHB [manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd., monoalkyl ether of polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer, average molecular weight 1700, ethylene oxide / propylene] Oxide = 25/75 (% by weight)]), a solution obtained by dissolving 0.15 kg was added to 7.7 kg of peat moss (55% by weight of water) and mixed, and further, granular soil (average rock having an average particle size of 2 mm) was added. 73.5 kg (17% by weight of water), 3.1 kg of 5 mm-sized coconut fiber (52% by weight of water) %), 2.7 kg of activated carbon having an average particle size of 3 mm,
0.29 kg of slaked lime was added, and 2 kg of slow-release fertilizer (Green Map, manufactured by Nippon Godo Fertilizer Co., Ltd.) was added, and water was added so that the water content of the final product was 30% by weight. Then, soil for plant growth was obtained. (Formulation A) Instead of the nonionic surfactant of the above-mentioned formulation, an anionic surfactant (Sorpol 7542, containing 27% or more of polyoxyethylene alkyl sulfosuccinate manufactured by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) Aqueous solution]) 0.15 kg
A soil for plant growth was obtained in exactly the same manner, except that was used. (Formulation B) As a comparative example, instead of the slow-acting fertilizer in the above-mentioned Formula A, 1.5 kg of a fast-acting fertilizer (a mixture of ammonium sulfate, lime perphosphate, and potassium sulfate) was added to obtain a soil for plant growth. . (Prescription C)

(Measurement of Electric Conductivity) Each 1 kg of the cultivation soil for plant growth of Formula A and the cultivation soil for plant growth of Formula C
Each was placed in a bag made of a vinyl-based synthetic resin, stored in a constant temperature oven at 35 ° C., and after 3 and 6 months, their electric conductivity (mS / cm) was measured as follows. Table 1 shows the results. 40 ml of sample in a 300 ml beaker
Was weighed and added, 200 ml of water was added, and the mixture was stirred for 15 minutes with a magnetic stirrer. Then, stirring was stopped, temperature was corrected, and read with an electric conductivity meter (EC meter, manufactured by Toa Denpa Kogyo KK).

[0015]

[Table 1]

The effect of electric conductivity on the germination rate was separately tested, and the results shown in Table 2 below were obtained. The test was performed as follows.
Two filter papers were previously spread on a 90 × 15 mm petri dish, and liquid fertilizer (O) diluted and adjusted to a target electric conductivity was obtained.
After 5 ml of K-F9 (manufactured by Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added, 40 seeds each of green onion seeds were added, and sealed so as not to dry.
Was left in the incubator. Germination rate (%) 7 days after treatment
investigated.

[0017]

[Table 2] From the results in Table 2, it can be seen that when the electric conductivity is around 2.3, the germination rate is significantly reduced. Therefore, in the case of Formulation C, it is estimated from the results in Table 1 that the germination rate is significantly reduced at the third month of storage.

Seedling Test Example 1 A pot for growing plants of Formula A and a growing medium of Formula C, which have passed 3 months after production, are filled in a chain pot CP303 (manufactured by Nippon Sugar Beet Sugar Co., Ltd.), and then used as a seeder. Using Japanese beet sugar (manufactured by Nippon Beet Sugar Co., Ltd.), three onion seeds (variety: Nagaetsu, coated seeds) were sown in each section. After the soil was covered with the common soil, it was grown in a vinyl house. 60 days after sowing, 100 seeds were selected at random, and the germination rate, plant height, above-ground dry weight,
The underground dry weight was measured. Table 3 shows the results.

[0019]

[Table 3]

Seedling Test Example 2 A pot for growing a plant of Formula A and a growing soil of a plant of Formula C three months after production were filled in a chain pot CP303 (manufactured by Nippon Sugar Beet Sugar Co., Ltd.). Using Japanese beet sugar (manufactured by Nippon Beet Sugar Co., Ltd.), three onion seeds (variety: Yoshizo, coated seeds) were sown in each section. After the soil was covered with the common soil, it was grown in a vinyl house. 60 days after sowing, 100 seeds were selected at random, and the germination rate, plant height, above-ground dry weight,
The underground dry weight was measured. Table 4 shows the results.

[0021]

[Table 4]

[0022]

EFFECT OF THE INVENTION Since the cultivation soil for cultivating plants of the present invention has the above-mentioned constitution, it is possible to suppress an increase in electric conductivity over time or during storage despite containing a large amount of fertilizer, The effect of maintaining the fertilizing effect for a long time without impairing the germination of the seeds is exhibited. Therefore,
Leek, onion, asparagus, leek,
Particularly suitable for raising seedlings such as eustoma.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. On a dry weight basis, 0.1 to 43 parts by weight of peat moss and 3 to 3 parts of activated carbon per 100 parts by weight of a granular culture soil or a substrate composed of the granular culture soil and vermiculite
A cultivation soil for growing plants, comprising 7 parts by weight, 0.03 to 0.5 parts by weight of a surfactant, 2 to 6 parts by weight of a slow-acting fertilizer, and 0 to 2 parts by weight of a fast-acting fertilizer. 2. A coconut fiber or perlite having 0.7
The cultivated soil for cultivating a plant according to claim 1, wherein the soil is contained in an amount of about 7 parts by weight.