JPH10133660A - Musical factor controller - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To have musical factors having no odd feel selected in the case the musical factors are changed during playing. SOLUTION: When timbre (musical factor) is selected by a tone number key, the tone allowance data TA indicating the range where the change of the timbre is allowed is read out (step 176). Whether the selected timbre (tone number data TN) is within the allowance range or not is discriminated (step 178). If the timbre within the allowance range is selected, the timbre of the musical tones to be produced is changed to the selected timbre (step 180). If, on the other hand, the selected timbre (tone number data TN) is out of the allowance range, the leftmost two bits of the tone number data TN of the selected timbre is changed to the same numerical value as the numerical value of the tone allowance data TA (step 184). As a result, the timbre of the musical tones to be produced is regulated to the timbre within the allowance range and the musical tones of the timbre having no odd feel are produced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a musical factor control device in which when a musical factor is changed, a musical factor that does not cause a sense of incongruity is selected.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional electronic musical instrument, for example, an automatic performance system reads out automatic performance information stored in a storage medium such as a ROM, a RAM, and a CD (compact disk) and automatically plays a musical tone. Some conventional automatic performance systems can select and change a tone color for each of a plurality of parts such as a melody, a bass, and a chord from a plurality of tone data.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional automatic performance system, there are many types of timbre data, and some of them have more than 100 types of timbre data. For this reason, the performer must select a desired tone from a variety of tones, and it takes time until the desired tone is found, or a tone that gives a sense of discomfort to the tone of the other parts. You may choose.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a range in which musical factors such as timbres can be changed in a performance, and a musical factor outside this allowable range is designated. Will not change the musical factor, change to the closest musical factor within the acceptable range,
The musical factor having the highest priority within the allowable range is changed.

According to the present invention, when changing a musical factor in an automatic performance or a manual performance, a musical factor such as a timbre without a sense of incongruity can be selected in a short time.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

1. Overall Circuit FIG. 1 shows an overall circuit of an electronic musical instrument. Each key of the keyboard 1 is used to generate / mute a musical tone. The keys are scanned by a key scan circuit 2 to detect data indicating a key operation, that is, a key on / key off.
The data is written to the RAM 6 by the PU 5. Then, the data is compared with the data indicating the on / off state of each key stored in the RAM 6 until then, and the CPU 5 determines the on / off event of each key.

As a result, the position of the key related to ON / OFF is detected. Further, since the scanning is performed periodically, the timing of turning on / off the key is also detected. The keyboard (electronic keyboard instrument) 1 may be replaced by an electronic stringed instrument, an electronic tube (lead) instrument, an electronic percussion (pad) instrument, a computer keyboard, or the like.

Each switch of the panel switch group 3 is scanned by a panel scan circuit 4. By this scanning, data indicating ON / OFF of each switch is detected and written into the RAM 6 by the CPU 5. Then, the data is compared with the data indicating the on / off state of each switch, which has been stored in the RAM 6, and the CPU 5 determines whether the switch is on or off.

The RAM 6 stores, in addition to the various data described above, various data processed by the CPU 5 and data necessary for the processing. The RAM 6 is provided with a working memory 32 described later.

The ROM 7 (internal storage medium / means) stores computer programs corresponding to various flowcharts described later, such as system programs, job programs, various fixed data, etc., corresponding to various processes executed by the CPU 5. . This computer program is CD-
Stored in a ROM (external storage medium / means) or the like;
M6 (internal storage medium / means) may be written and stored (installed / transferred / copied).

The ROM 7 has a code pattern memory 3
3 are provided. From this code pattern memory 33, a key number corresponding to each code type is read out, corrected and changed according to the code route, and output.
Data such as programs stored in the ROM 7 is R
AM6, RAM / ROM card, floppy disk,
It may be stored in a CD-RAM / ROM or the like. A base pattern memory storing various preset base pattern data may be provided instead of or in addition to the code pattern memory 33.

The automatic performance memory 8 stores automatic performance information MP of a plurality of music pieces. The automatic performance memory 8 stores the RA
M or ROM, but may be integrated with the RAM 6 or ROM 7, or may be a RAM / ROM card, floppy disk, CD-RAM / ROM, or the like.

The MIDI circuit 9 is an interface for transmitting and receiving musical sound information to and from an externally connected electronic musical instrument. The musical tone information conforms to the MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) standard, and a tone or automatic performance is performed based on the musical tone information. The automatic performance information MP is also sent from another electronic musical instrument via the MIDI circuit 9.

The tone data according to the automatic performance information MP and the tone data according to the ON / OFF of each key of the keyboard 1 are sent to a tone generator 10 and are emitted from a sound system 11. In the tone generator 10, a tone generation system for a plurality of channels, for example, 16 channels is formed by time-division processing, whereby a tone is generated polyphonically. The tone generator 10 is provided with an assignment memory 31 described later. Various data stored in the RAM 6 are sent to and displayed on an LCD (liquid crystal display) 12 via an LCD driver 13.

The timer circuit 14 generates a clock signal φ having a constant cycle by performing time counting. This clock signal φ is C as an interrupt signal INT.
Input to PU5.

2. FIG. 2 shows the automatic performance information MP stored in the automatic performance memory 8. The automatic performance memory 8 stores directory data DR and reproduction condition data RC. After the data DR and RC, automatic performance information MP of a plurality of music pieces is stored.

FIG. 2 shows the code part data in the automatic performance information MP.
In addition, data of other parts such as a melody part, a bass part, a backing part, an arpeggio, and a rhythm can be stored in a similar format.

The automatic performance information MP of the chord part is
It consists of a note data group, bar mark data BM and return mark data RT inserted between the note data groups. The note data includes chord data CP, gate time data GT, touch data TC, step time data ST, and the like. Note that the gate time data GT, the touch data TC, and the step time data ST
May not be included.

The chord data CP is composed of chord types such as minor, major, seventh... And chord roots such as A, B, C. It should be noted that, in addition to this, information on the inverted shape may be included. Gate time data GT
Is data indicating the time from key-on to key-off. The step time data ST is data indicating the time from the beginning of a song or the beginning of a bar, that is, the bar mark data BM to the start of sounding of the chord data CP or execution of a command.

The touch data TC is data indicating the key ON / OFF speed or strength. This touch data T
C is provided for each key of the keyboard 1 and is data corresponding to a time difference between on / off of a plurality of key switches that are turned on / off with a time shift at the time of key operation. In accordance with the touch data TC, control of the volume of sound, frequency components, and the like is performed. The bar mark data BM is data indicating a break of each bar. The return mark data RT is data indicating that the music piece returns to the beginning.

At the head of the automatic performance information MP, performance condition data PC is stored. The performance condition data PC includes song name data SN, tempo data TP,
It consists of beat data BE, tone number data TN, tone permission data TA, and the like. Song name data S
N is data indicating an identification name such as a song name of the automatic performance information MP. The tempo data TP and the beat data BE are data indicating the tempo and time signature of the automatic performance based on the automatic performance information MP.

The tone number data TN includes a piano,
This is data set for each tone color or artificially created tone color according to the type of musical instrument such as a violin, flute, drum, cymbal, and the like. Note that this tone number data TN
Is stored in the middle of the automatic performance information MP of one song,
The tone may change in the middle of the song. Further, the automatic performance information MP of one song is stored separately for a plurality of tracks, tone number data TN is stored at the head of the automatic performance information MP for each track, and the tone may be different for each track. .

The tone number data TN is data corresponding to a waveform shape (for example, a sine wave, a triangular wave, a rectangular wave, an organ envelope, a parkus envelope, etc.),
Data corresponding to the magnitude of the specific spectrum content (for example, the content of harmonic components and the content of noise components), and the frequency components corresponding to the spectrum groups of a plurality of specific frequency bands corresponding to the characteristic formants The data may be data corresponding to the shape of the waveform from the start of sound generation to the end of sound generation, or the like. The tone allowable data TA is data indicating a range of the timbre that can be changed when the timbre is changed during the automatic performance operation.

The melody part automatic performance information MP
In the case of, key number data KN is stored instead of the code pattern data CP in FIG. Also,
In the case of the automatic performance information MP of the base part, base pattern data BP is stored instead of the chord pattern data CP in FIG.

3. FIG. 3 shows an example of the tone permission data TA. In the present embodiment, the types of musical instruments are divided into four groups: keyboard instruments, wind instruments, string instruments, and percussion instruments, and the range in which the timbre can be changed is limited to each group. For example, each tone number data is 7-bit data, with the upper 2 bits indicating the group and the lower 5 bits indicating the tone color in each group. Note that the number of bits of the tone number data TN may be other than 7 bits.

Accordingly, the upper two bits of the keyboard instrument group are “00”, and the upper two bits of the wind instrument group are “0”.
1 ", the upper two bits of the stringed instrument group are" 10 ", and the upper two bits of the percussion instrument group are" 11 ". Therefore,
From the upper two bits of each tone number data, it is possible to determine which group the tone color belongs to.

The automatic performance information MP incorporates the tone permission data TA together with the tone number data TN. This tone allowable data T
A is the same data as the upper two bits of the tone number data of the group to which the paired tone number data TN belongs. For example, if the upper two bits of the tone number data TN in the automatic performance information MP are “00”, the tone permission data TA paired with the tone number data TN is “00”.

Similarly, if the upper two bits of the tone number data TN in the automatic performance information MP are "01", the paired tone allowable data TA is "01", and if the upper two bits are "10", they are paired. The tone permission data TA is “10”,
If it is "11", the paired tone permission data TA is "11".

As described above, the tone permission data TA in the present embodiment is data equal to the upper two bits of the tone number data TN.
N and a part common to all tone number data TN in the same group. Therefore, the tone permission data TA can be omitted by being included in the tone number data TN.

4. Assignment Memory 31 As shown in FIG.
A memory area for six channels is formed, and tone data assigned to the sixteen time-division tone generation channels formed in the tone generator 10 is written. Note that the assignment memory 31 may be provided in the RAM 6.

The tone data written into each channel memory area includes ON / OFF data ON / OFF, key number data KN, tone number data TN, touch data TC, gate time data GT, and the like. The ON / OFF data ON / OFF includes ON ("1"), OFF ("0"), or sound ("1") of each key of the keyboard 1.
This is data indicating mute ("0").

5. Working Memory 32 As shown in FIG. 5, the working memory 32 is provided with various registers, various buffers, various counters, and various memories. The mode flag register 41 stores mode flag data MF indicating the operation mode of the electronic musical instrument. The mode flag data MF is followed by start / stop of an automatic performance mode in response to operation of an auto play key (not shown) provided in the panel switch group 3, and bar mark data BM of the automatic performance information MP. Predetermined data is written according to the start / stop of the bar standby mode when a plurality of bars are read.

The input buffer register 42 stores tone data (on / off data ON / OFF, key number data KN, and so on) corresponding to the automatic performance information input by the user.
Tone number data TN, touch data TC, gate time data GT, etc.) are stored. In this case, the automatic performance information is input by operating the keyboard 1,
It is input from outside via the IDI circuit 9. A plurality of tone data can be set in the input buffer register 42.

The reproduction buffer register 43 stores tone data (on / off data O) corresponding to the automatic performance information MP.
N / OFF, key number data KN, tone number data TN, touch data TC, gate time data GT,
Step time data ST, etc.) are stored. A plurality of tone data can be set in the reproduction buffer register 43 as well.

In the input tone number register 44, tone number data TN input by a tone number key (not shown) provided in the panel switch group 3 is set. In the reproduction tone number register 45, tone number data TN in the automatic performance information MP is set. The reproduction tone number register 45 includes:
When the timbre is changed, the tone number data TN corresponding to the changed timbre is set.

The input tone number register 44
The touch data TC or the like may be added to the tone number data TN set in the reproduction tone number register 45, and a plurality of data TN may be set. Further, the tone number data TN input by the tone number key of the panel switch group 3 may be set in the reproduction tone number register 45 by mode switching.

The tone permission data register 46 is set with the tone permission data TA in the automatic performance information MP. In the tempo beat register 47, tempo beat data TB corresponding to the tempo data TP and the beat data BE in the automatic performance information MP are set. This tempo beat data TB represents the time for one measure. The time counter 48 is incremented by one every time the clock signal φ goes high, and counts the time count data TM.

When the time count data TM matches the tempo beat data TB, the time count data TM is cleared. The frequency of the clock signal φ may be the same as or different from the frequency of the clock signal φ in the timer circuit 14. The frequency of clock signal φ may change according to the set tempo.

The assignment address counter 49 counts assignment address data AA specifying each channel memory area of the assignment memory 31. In the reproduction address counter 50, the read address data RD of the automatic performance memory 8 is counted.

The chord type register 51 stores chord type data CT of chord data CP to be automatically played. The chord root register 52 stores chord root data CR of chord data CP to be played automatically.

The base pattern register 53 stores the base pattern data BP included in the automatic performance information MP when the musical sound to be automatically performed is a base sound. The code event flag register 54 stores a code event flag CF. This code event flag CF
Is set to "1" when there is a code event, and reset to "0" when the code event ends.

6. Main Routine FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of a main routine executed by the CPU 5. This process starts when the power is turned on.
At the start, the RAM 6 and the working memory 3
2. The timer circuit 14, the automatic performance memory 8, etc. are cleared, and various initialization processes are performed (step 10).
2).

Next, when a key-on event of the keyboard 1 is detected (step 104), key-on processing based on the on-key is performed (step 106).
When a key-off event is detected (step 10
8) A key-off process based on the off-key is performed (step 110).

In the key-on process (step 106), the key number data KN of the ON key, the touch data TC,
ON / OFF data ON / OFF of "1" is set in the input buffer register 42, and this musical tone data is written together with the tone number data TN of the input tone number register 44 into a memory area of the assignment memory 31 corresponding to an empty channel. It is. As a result, a musical tone corresponding to the ON key is generated at a timing corresponding to the ON key.

In the key-off process (step 110), among the key number data KN in the assignment memory 31, the same tone data as the key number data KN of the off key is searched, and the ON / OFF data O of this tone data is searched.
N / OFF is set to "0". Thus, the tone corresponding to the off key is muted.

Next, the on / off state of each key of the panel switch group 3 is determined (step 112), and if it is determined that an on / off event has occurred, a process corresponding to the key having the on / off event is performed. (Step 114).
In the panel switch processing (step 114), when the tone number key of the panel switch group 3 is operated, the tone number data TN input by the tone number key is stored in the input tone number register 44 or the reproduction tone number register 45. It is memorized.

If the automatic performance mode is selected (step 116), an automatic performance process (step 118) is performed. If there is a MIDI input / output (step 120), a MIDI input / output is performed. Processing (step 122) is performed. Then, after the other processing (step 124) is performed, the routine returns to step 104. Thereafter, the above processing is repeatedly executed until the power is turned off.

7. Automatic Performance Processing FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of the automatic performance processing (step 118) for the chord part (or base part). It should be noted that processing similar to the processing in FIG. 7 is performed for other parts such as the melody part.

First, it is determined whether or not the bar standby mode is set based on the contents of the mode flag MF stored in the mode flag register 41 (step 130). If it is not the bar standby mode, it is determined whether or not the time count data TM of the time counter 47 has reached the step time data ST set in the reproduction buffer register 43 (step 132).

If the time count data TM has reached the step time data ST, the contents of the tone data in the reproduction buffer register 43 are determined (step 134). Here, if the content of the musical sound data is the code data CP (or the base data BP), the code event flag CF of the code event flag register 54
Is set to "1" (step 136), and code base processing is performed (step 137). This code
In the base process, the code data CP written in the code type register 51 and the code route register 52
Is written in the reproduction buffer register 43, and the code event flag CF is cleared. In this case, touch data TC, step time data ST,
Gate time data GT and the like are also stored in the reproduction buffer
Has been written to.

The data in the reproduction buffer register 43 is sent to the assignment memory 31 and output via the MIDI interface 9 (step 138). At this time, the tone number data TN of the reproduction tone number register 45 is also sent to the assignment memory 31. As a result, sounding / muting according to the automatic performance information MP is performed, and automatic performance of a musical tone according to the chord pattern (or the base pattern) is performed.

Next, the read address data RA of the reproduction address counter 50 is incremented, the next event data is read, and the code type register 5 is read.
1. The data is written to the code route register 52 and the reproduction buffer register 43 (step 140).

On the other hand, in step 134, if the tone data in the reproduction buffer register 43 is the bar mark data BM or the return mark data RT, the tempo corresponding to the beat data included in the bar mark data BM or the return mark data RT Beat data TB is written into tempo beat register 47 (step 1).
44).

Then, as in step 140, the next note data is read out. If this data is also bar mark data BM or return mark data RT (step 146), the next note data is stored in the mode flag MF of the mode flag register 41. "1" indicating the bar standby mode is set (step 148). Thereby, the bar standby mode operation is performed.

In the case of a melody automatic performance, the return mark data RT is the end mark data.
If the end mark data is determined in step 134, it is next determined whether or not the mode is the automatic performance mode based on the contents of the mode flag MF of the mode flag register 41. Then, in the case of the automatic performance mode, the mode flag MF is cleared. Thereby, the melody automatic performance operation is stopped.

In step 134, if the tone data in the reproduction buffer register 43 is tone number data TN, the tone number data TN is written into the reproduction tone number register 45, and is paired with the tone number data TN. Tone Tolerance Data TA
Is written to the tone permission data register 46 (step 154). The tone permission data TA is a tone number data group in the group to which the tone number data TN belongs as described above.

The processing of step 154 is also executed when the automatic performance processing is started. This is because the tone number data TN and the tone permission data TA are stored at the head of the automatic performance information MP.

8. FIG. 8 shows a flowchart of the cycle interrupt processing. This process is executed by the CPU 5 each time the clock signal φ goes high. First, if it is determined that the automatic performance mode is set based on the contents of the mode flag register 41 (step 16).
0), the time count data TM of the time counter 48
Is incremented by 1 (step 162).

If the value of the time count data TM matches the tempo beat data TB of the tempo beat register 46 (step 164), the time count data TM
Is cleared (step 166), and the bar standby mode flag of the mode flag register 41 is cleared (step 168). Thereby, the waiting for one measure is completed.

9. Panel Switch Processing FIG. 9 shows a flowchart of the panel switch processing (step 112). In this panel switch processing,
When the tone color is changed by operating the tone number key during the automatic performance operation, if the tone color selected by the tone number key is within the allowable range, the tone color is changed to the selected tone color. If the selected timbre is out of the permissible range, the change to the selected timbre is prohibited, and the timbre is automatically changed to a timbre within the permissible range.

First, it is determined whether or not the tone number key provided in the panel switch group 3 has been operated based on the scan data read from the panel scan circuit 4 (step 170). When the tone number key is operated, the tone number data TN corresponding to the tone selected by the tone number key is written into the input tone number register 44 (step 17).
2).

Next, it is determined whether or not the mode is the automatic performance mode based on the contents of the mode flag register 41 (step 174). Data TA
Is read (step 176). Then, it is determined whether or not the upper two bits of the tone number data TN written in the input tone number register 44 match the tone allowable data TA (step 178).

If the upper two bits of the tone number data TN coincide with the tone allowable data TA, the tone selected by the tone number key belongs to the same group as the group to which the tone of the tone generated by the automatic performance operation belongs. , And within a range in which a change in timbre is allowed. Therefore, in this case, the tone number data TN of the input tone number register 44 is copied to the reproduction tone number data register 45 (step 180).

As a result, in the subsequent automatic performance operation, a tone having a tone corresponding to the tone number data TN newly written in the reproduction tone number data register 45 is generated (step 118). That is, the tone color of the tone generated by the automatic performance operation is changed to the tone color selected by the tone number key.

On the other hand, if the upper two bits of the tone number data TN input by the tone number key do not match the tone allowable data TA in step 178, the tone selected by the tone number key is automatically played. The tone belongs to a group different from the group to which the timbre of the tone generated by the operation belongs, and is a timbre that is out of the range in which the timbre change is allowed.

Therefore, in this case, the upper two bits of the tone number data TN of the input tone number data register 44 are changed to the same numerical value as the tone allowable data TA (step 184). Then, the changed tone number data TN is copied to the reproduction tone number register 45 (step 186).

For example, when a tone of "piano 1" belonging to the keyboard instrument group is being produced and a tone of "guitar 1" belonging to the stringed instrument group is selected by the player, "guitar 1" The upper two bits “10” of the tone number data “1001010” of “” are rewritten to the tone allowable data “00” of the keyboard instrument group.

Thus, the tone number data “1001010” of “guitar 1” becomes the tone number data “00010” of the electric organ of the keyboard instrument group.
10 ". Then, the tone color of the tone being generated is changed to the tone color of the electric organ. As described above, when the tone selected by the tone number key is out of the allowable range, the tone is changed to the tone within the allowable range, and a tone having a natural tone is generated.

If no tone number key is operated in step 170, or if the automatic performance mode is not set in step 174, or after steps 180 and 186 are executed, other panel switches Is performed (step 182).

10. Another Example of Panel Switch Process (1) FIG. 10 is a flowchart of another example of the panel switch process (step 112). In this process, step 190 is performed instead of step 178 in the panel switch process shown in FIG. 9, and step 192 is performed instead of steps 184 and 186.

Further, for each tone number data TN, tone permission data TA which is composed of a plurality of tone number data and is assigned a priority is set. For example, FIG.
As shown in the figure, the tone number data TN is "00000".
01 "," 0000001 "," 00000 "
00 ”,“ 0000010 ”, and“ 0000011 ”in order of priority. Similarly, tone permission data TA assigned with priority is set for each of the other tone number data TN.

This priority can be determined according to various criteria. In this embodiment, the tone number data T
The priority order is determined in the order of tone colors close to (including the same as) the tone colors corresponding to N. Note that the same timbre may not be included in a timbre close to the timbre corresponding to the tone number data TN.

For example, as shown in FIG. 11, as for the tone number data TN corresponding to the tone color of "piano 2", the tone number data of "piano 2" which is the same as the tone number data TN is the highest order, "Piano 1",
The priorities are determined in the order of “electric piano”.

In this panel switch processing, when the tone color is changed by operating the tone number key during the automatic performance operation, if the tone color selected by the tone number key is within the allowable range, The tone is changed to the selected tone, and if the tone is out of the allowable range, the change to the selected tone is prohibited, and instead, the tone is automatically changed to the tone within the allowable range according to the priority.

At step 190, it is determined whether or not the tone number data TN of the tone selected by the tone number key matches any one of the tone permission data TA. If there is matching data, the tone selected by the tone number key is within the range in which the tone can be changed. Therefore, the tone number data TN of the selected tone is copied to the reproduction tone number data register 45. (Step 180). Thus, in the subsequent automatic performance operation, a tone having a tone corresponding to the tone number data TN newly written in the reproduction tone number data register 45 is generated (step 118). That is, the tone color of the tone generated by the automatic performance operation is changed to the tone color selected by the tone number key.

On the other hand, if there is no tone permission data TA matching the tone number data TN of the tone selected by the tone number key in step 190, the selected tone is out of the range in which the change is allowed. . In this case, the tone priority data TA with the highest priority is read out, and the reproduced tone number data register 4
5 is copied (step 192).

For example, if a tone of "violin 1" is selected by the player while a tone of "piano 2" is being generated by the automatic performance operation,
"Violin 1" tone number data "100000"
"0" is replaced by the tone number data of "piano 2" at the top of the tone permission data TA.

As a result, the tone color of the tone being generated is not changed to the tone color of "violin 1", but remains the tone color of "piano 2". As described above, when the tone selected by the tone number key is out of the allowable range, the tone closest to (including the same as) the tone of the tone being sounded is changed according to the priority within the allowable range, and the tone without incongruity is changed. Will be pronounced.

Although illustration is omitted, for example, if a tone color outside the allowable range is selected many times by operating the tone number key, the tone allowable data of the next rank is sequentially arranged for each operation of the tone number key. The lower tone permission data is read out and written to the reproduction tone number data register 45.

Thus, every time a tone outside the allowable range is selected, the tone of the tone being generated changes in the order of priority. After the lowest tone, the tone returns to the highest tone again, and the tone is changed within the allowable range.

In addition to the above, tone allowable data TA of lower priority may be read out according to a predetermined condition. For example, musical factors other than timbre factors, that is, performance speed factors (tempo, ritardando, etc.), performance intensity factors (volume, forte, piano, etc.), pitch factors, touch factors, length factors In accordance with all or a part of the stereoscopic factor or the set effect amount, the lower priority tone allowable data TA may be read out and written to the reproduction tone number data register 45.

11. Another example of panel switch processing (2) When a tone outside the range in which tone change is allowed is selected by operating the tone number key, the tone corresponding to the tone number data in the tone allowable data TA is selected. Instead of being changed, the tone may not be changed. In this case, steps 184 and 18 in FIG.
6, or step 192 in FIG. 10 is omitted.

12. Another example of panel switch processing (3) In the panel switch processing of FIG. 9, when the tone selected by the tone number key is out of the allowable range,
The timbre corresponding to the tone allowable data TA may be notified so that the player can select from the timbres within the allowable range. In this case, for example, the tone corresponding to the tolerable range,
That is, the tone number key including the tone allowable data TA at the upper level is turned on or blinked, or the tone numbers of the timbres within the allowable range are enumerated and displayed.

Similarly, in the panel switch processing of FIG. 10, when the tone selected by the tone number key is out of the allowable range, the tone corresponding to the tone allowable data TA is notified, and the performer is notified of the tone within the allowable range. May be selected from the tones. In this case, the tone number corresponding to the tone allowable data TA in FIG. 11 is notified or displayed, the tone color within the allowable range is notified, the storage address of each tone number is also displayed, the priority is displayed, and the sense of incongruity is displayed. It is possible to easily select a tone without any noise.

13. Another example of panel switch processing (4) Tone allowable data T in panel switch processing of FIG.
A and tone allowable data TA in the panel switch processing of FIG. 10 may be used in combination. That is, upper two bits of data “00”, “0” for each musical instrument group.
Tone number data T of "1", "10", and "11"
The data corresponding to N is referred to as first tone permission data TA1, and the tone number data group with the priority set according to the tone number data TN is referred to as second tone permission data TA2.

Then, it is determined whether or not the upper two bits of the tone number data of the tone selected by the tone number key match the first tone permission data TA1 (step 178). Then, the tone number data in the second tone permission data TA2 is read out according to the priority (step 192).

In this case, the second tone allowable data T
The tone number data included in A2 does not need to match the range of the first tone permission data TA1. For example, when the first tone permission data TA1 is “00” indicating a keyboard instrument group, the second tone permission data TA1
The tone number data included in No. 2 may be a part of a keyboard instrument group, or may include tone number data of another instrument group. Alternatively, tone number data of only another instrument group may be used.

14. Another example of panel switch processing (5) Second tone allowable data TA2 in the embodiment of (4) above
May be only one tone number data indicating a tone closest to the tone corresponding to the tone number data TN. If the tone selected by the tone number key is out of the range of the first tone allowable data TA1, the tone is changed to the tone of the second tone allowable data TA.

15. Other Modifications The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be variously modified without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the range in which the timbre can be changed is classified into groups according to the type of musical instrument. However, the range is not limited to this range. For example, classical (orchestra), jazz, march, disco, etc. The range of musical instruments used according to the genre and rhythm of the music, such as rock, waltz, light music, chamber music, and contemporary music, may be used. Alternatively, a range of musical instruments having the same or similar sound range, envelope waveform, and playing method (hitting, playing, rubbing, hitting, blowing, sucking, etc.) may be used.

When the performance part whose timbre is to be changed is a chord or a bass, the range in which the timbre can be changed may be set according to the melody timbre. Further, in this case, when the timbre of the melody is changed, the chord or bass timbre may be automatically changed to a timbre within an allowable range set according to the melody timbre.

Further, when data for instructing the change of the timbre is input via the MIDI circuit 9, the MIDI circuit 9
About the tone number data TN input through the
The same processing as in each of the above embodiments may be performed.

The musical factors that determine the permissible range of the change include the above-described timbre type, timbre variation, timbre type, pitch variation, touch type, touch variation, sound image position,
Fluctuation of sound image, fluctuation of sound volume, fluctuation of tempo, fluctuation of effect, effect type, rhythm type, fluctuation of quantization, fluctuation of pitch, fluctuation of modulation, fluctuation of specific frequency component Alternatively, the variation amount of the filter characteristic may be used. In this case, the type of each touch (Fortessimo, Forte, Piano, Pianissimo), the range (upper keyboard, lower keyboard, pedal keyboard), the type of effect (portamento, glide, vibrato, reverb, echo),
The type of rhythm (rock, disco, waltz) or the position of the sound image (right, middle, left) is stored in groups as shown in FIGS. 3 and 11, or stored with priorities. Similarly, from the panel switch group 3, the type of each touch, the type of the range, the type of the effect,
The type of the rhythm or the position of the sound image is changed and input. In steps 178 to 186 and 180 to 192, the touch type, the range type, the effect type, the rhythm type or the change range of the sound image position are determined. Regulation is performed, and a tone corresponding to this change is output in the same manner as the above-described change in tone type.

Also, the variation of the tone (the variation of the frequency component), the variation of the pitch (transpose value, transposition), the variation of the touch (the variation of the touch sensitivity), the variation of the volume,
Tempo variation, effect variation, quantize variation, note duration variation (sustain effect), modulation variation (frequency / amplitude modulation period / depth), specific frequency component variation or The upper limit value and the lower limit value of the permissible range of the variation amount of the filter characteristic are stored in the automatic performance memory 8 instead of the priority permissible tone data TA of FIG.

Similarly, from the panel switch group 3, the timbre variation, the timbre type, the pitch variation, the touch variation, the sound image variation, the volume variation, the tempo variation, and the effect variation are obtained. The amount, the fluctuation amount of the quantization, the fluctuation amount of the sound length, the fluctuation amount of the modulation, the fluctuation amount of the specific frequency component, or the fluctuation amount of the filter characteristic are changed and input.
At 90, it is determined whether or not the change input value is between the upper limit value and the lower limit value. If the change input value is within the range, the change value is written to the working memory 32 at step 180, and the above tone type change is performed. The tone corresponding to this change is output in the same manner as described above. If it is out of the range, in step 192, a value close to the changed value between the upper limit value and the lower limit value is written in the working memory 32, and a tone corresponding to the change is output in the same manner as the above-described tone color change. Is done.

In addition to the above, the performance may be a manual performance in addition to the automatic performance. In this case, the information defining the permissible range of the change is input in advance from the panel switch group 3 or transferred from the external storage means / medium, and stored in the working memory 32 in the state shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. Also in the manual performance, the above steps 178-1
86, the same processing as in steps 180 to 192 is executed, and the range of change is similarly restricted.

[0096]

As described above in detail, the present invention provides a range in which musical factors such as timbre are allowed to be changed in a performance, and when a musical factor outside this allowable range is selected, The change of the musical factor is prohibited, the regulation is changed to the closest musical factor within the allowable range, or the control is changed to the musical factor with the highest priority within the allowable range.

Thus, when the player selects a desired musical factor from a large number of musical factors, a musical factor that does not cause a sense of incongruity with the musical factors of the other performance parts can be easily set in a short time. Can be selected.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an entire circuit of an electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing automatic performance information MP.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of tone permission data TA.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an assignment memory 31;

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a working memory 32 of a RAM 6;

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a flowchart of a main routine.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a flowchart of an automatic performance process.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a flowchart of a cycle interrupt process.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a flowchart of panel switch processing.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a flowchart of another example of the panel switch processing.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing another example of the tone permission data TA.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... keyboard, 3 ... panel switch group, 5 ... CPU,
6 RAM, 7 ROM, 8 automatic performance memory, 10 ...
Tone generator, 11 ... Sound system, 14 ...
Timer circuit, 31: assignment memory, 32: working memory, 33: code pattern memory.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. Performance information comprising information representing the content of each musical tone and information representing the sounding timing of each musical tone is generated, and a performance is performed based on the generated performance information. In the above, when the musical factor of the musical tone related to the performance information is changed, the allowable information indicating the allowable range of the changed musical factor is generated, and based on the generated allowable information, A musical factor control device for controlling the change of the musical factor when the musical factor is changed. 2. The musical performance is an automatic performance or a manual performance, and the musical factors include a timbre type, a timbre variation, a timbre type, a pitch variation, a touch type, a touch variation, Position of sound image, fluctuation amount of sound image, fluctuation amount of volume, fluctuation amount of tempo, fluctuation amount of effect, effect type, rhythm type, fluctuation amount of quantization, fluctuation amount of pitch, fluctuation amount of modulation, specific frequency 2. The musical factor controller according to claim 1, wherein the variation is a variation of a component or a variation of a filter characteristic. 3. The permissible information is information on a part common to each musical factor, or the permissible information is:
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the musical factors are composed of a plurality of musical factors, and the plurality of musical factors are prioritized.
Or the musical factor controller according to 2. 4. The music according to claim 1, wherein the permissible information is information permitting a change within each of a keyboard instrument group, a wind instrument group, a string instrument group, and a percussion instrument group. Factor control device. 5. If the change of the musical factor of the musical tone is out of the range of the permissible information, the musical factor is not changed or the musical factor to be changed in the permissible information is not changed. 5. The musical factor control device according to claim 1, wherein the musical factor is changed to the closest musical factor. 6. A method for reading out performance information including stored musical factor information and outputting a musical tone corresponding to the read performance information, or according to performance information generated by a manual performance operation. Output musical tone information, generate or input musical factor information by manual operation or external input, generate or input information indicating change of musical factor by manual operation or external input, For musical factors included in the performance information, allowable range information indicating a range in which the change of the musical factors set according to the type of musical instrument, the genre of the music, the musical range, and the like is generated. The range in which the change of the musical factor set to be the same as, different from, or overlapping with the above-mentioned allowable range for the musical factor included in One or more permissible musical factor information, or a plurality of prioritized musical factor information are assigned, and when the information instructing the change of the musical factor is generated or input, the generated or input is performed. It is determined whether or not the musical factor information is included in the allowable range information in which the change of the musical factor is allowed, and the musical factor information is allowed to be changed by the allowance determination. When it is determined that the musical factor information is included in the allowable range information, the musical factor information is sent in place of the musical factor information included in the performance information, and a musical tone corresponding to the changed musical factor information is output. When it is determined that the musical factor information is not included in the allowable range information in which the change of the musical factor is allowed by the allowable determination, the change of the musical factor is prohibited. Similarly, when it is determined that the musical factor information is not included in the range in which the change of the musical factor is permitted by the allowable determination, the musical factor information included in the performance information is determined. The musical factor information included in the performance information is transmitted in place of the factor information, or the musical factor information of the musical factor closest to the musical factor of the output musical tone in the plurality of allowable musical factor information is included in the performance information. Or transmitting the musical factor information having the highest priority among the plurality of allowable musical factor information in place of the musical factor information included in the performance information. Control device.