JPH09510791A - 光化学反応を監視するための改良セル及び回路 - Google Patents
光化学反応を監視するための改良セル及び回路Info
- Publication number
- JPH09510791A JPH09510791A JP8519288A JP51928896A JPH09510791A JP H09510791 A JPH09510791 A JP H09510791A JP 8519288 A JP8519288 A JP 8519288A JP 51928896 A JP51928896 A JP 51928896A JP H09510791 A JPH09510791 A JP H09510791A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- predetermined
- cell
- radiation
- electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
- G01N33/1826—Organic contamination in water
- G01N33/1846—Total carbon analysis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
- G01N31/005—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods investigating the presence of an element by oxidation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/20—Oxygen containing
- Y10T436/204998—Inorganic carbon compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/23—Carbon containing
- Y10T436/235—In an aqueous solution [e.g., TOC, etc.]
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
- Optical Measuring Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1、細長い内容積のサンプル量を定義し、放射に透明な材料から形成された少 なくとも1つのウィンドウを備えた管状部材と、 前記内容積に連通する少なくとも1つの液体ポートと、 前記サンプル量の軸に沿って相互に平行に延長している1対の細長い電極と、 さらに前記内容積を定義して、管状部材の端部内に前記電極の対向端部を密封 する第1及び第2密封手段と、 電気接続が、放射への露光中に前記内容積中の液体の電気特性を監視するため に前記電極及び外部の回路間で維持されるように、前記電極の末梢端部に接続さ れ前記第1密封手段を交差して延長している電気伝導度部材と、 前記管状部材の長手方向と平行に延長して、前記放射源が前記内容積の液体に 入射する予め決定された波長の細長い放射源とを備えた放射への露光中に液体の 電気特性を監視する機器。 2、前記電極は、両方の電極の有効面が直接前記放射源にさらされるように、 前記放射源に関して配向され、 前記電極の表面が前記源からの前記予め決定された波長の放射への露光時に前 記液体に対する目標の反応を刺激する光触媒的材料から形成される請求項1に記 載の機器。 3、目標の前記反応は、二酸化炭素への超純水中の有機炭素含有材料の酸化で あり、予め決定された波長の前記放射が紫外線を合み、前記電極の表面の材料は TiO2と、SrTiO3と、CdSと、WO3と、Fe2O3と、MO3とからなる 群から選択されるN−型半導体である請求項2の機器。 4、前記半導体材料が、固体のチタン電極部材の表面の酸化によって形成され るTiO2であり、 紫外線の前記源は、略184.9及び253.7nm波長で放射を出している 低圧水銀灯である請求項3に記載の機器。 5、内部のサンプル量を定義している前記細長い管状部材は、UV透過ガラ ス、石英及び合成の石英ガラスからなる群から選択される、前記放射源に透明な 材料の主要な管を含み、 前記第1及び第2密封手段は、前記主要な管の第1及び第2端部に溶接させら れたガラス製の2穴管のセクションを含み、前記電極存在の前記端部が前記2穴 の第1及び第2内腔内で管を受入れる請求項4に記載の機器。 6、第1及び第2液体の入口及び出口ポートは形成され、各々は連通がそれら の間で確立された前記主要な管に溶接させられたガラス管を含む請求項5の機器 。 7、液体サンプルを含みながら、源からの予め決定された波長の放射によって その中の液体を同時に露光し、液体の予め決定された電気特性を監視するための セルを作る方法であって、 予め決定された波長の前記放射に実質的に透明なガラス、溶融石英又は石英材 料から形成される管の細長い第1セクションを形成し、 管の前記第1セクションの端部を密封するために前記管の材料に可融性の材料 の端部部材を形成し、前記端部部材は、管の前記第1セクションの心板の下に延 長している2つの平行な細長い電極を支持する支持手段を備え、 露光中に前記液体の前記予め決定された電気特性を監視するために好適な材料 の2つの細長い電極を形成し、 管の前記第1セクションの材料に可融性の材料の少なくとも1つの管を形成し 、 連通路が管の前記第1セクションの内部に確立するように、管の前記第1セク ションへの前記少なくと1つの管と溶接し、 前記端部部材に前記電極を取付け、 前記電極が管の前記第1セクションに沿って軸方向に相互に平行に延長し、電 極の基部の端部が1つの端部部材内で密封され、一方電極の末梢端部が対向端部 部材から延長するように管の前記第1セクションに前記端部部材を溶接する段階 を備えた方法。 8、管の前記第1セクションの材料に可融性の材料の少なくとも1つの温度セ ンサ溜め管を形成する更なる段階を備え、 前記温度センサ溜めは、管の前記第1セクションの内部と連通しないように、 前記少なくとも1つの温度センサ溜め管を管の前記第1セクションに溶接させる 請求項7に記載の方法。 9、前記電極の表面の材料がTiO2であり、中実のチタン電極部材の表面の 酸化によって前記電極の表面上に前記TiO2を形成する段階を含む請求項7に 記載の方法。 10、紫外線放射を含む、予め決定された波長の放射を出しているランプをも 含む密封されたハウジングに前記セルを取付ける更なる段階を含む請求項7に記 載の方法。 11、前記第1及び第2端部部材が、管の前記第1セクションの第1及び第2 端部に溶接させられたガラス製の2穴管のセクションから形成され、 前記電極の前記端部が、前記2穴管の第1及び第2内腔内で受入れられる請求 項7に記載の方法。 12、各々がコモン電気特性を表す負荷のグループの入力端子間の予め決定さ れた入力信号を多重化し、負荷の前記グループが、測定されるべき量を有する前 記電気特性における変化を表す少なくともセルを含み、基準デバイスが前記電気 特性の知られている値を表し、負荷の前記グループが、前記特性を表す更なるデ バイスを任意に含み、前記負荷の各々の出力端子は、それを通って通過している 信号を分析するための手段に接続される回路であって、 前記予め決定された入力信号の源と、 前記負荷の数に等しい数の増幅器であって、前記入力信号の前記源が各非反転 入力端子に接続され、各出力端子が前記負荷の対応の入力端子に接続される複数 の増幅器と、 前記増幅器の動作用の電源と、 前記予め決定された入力信号が予め決定された順序の前記負荷の各々に印加さ れるように、前記増幅器の各々に前記電源を順に連続的に接続するスイッチング 手段とを備えた回路。 13、前記スイッチング手段は前記増幅器の各々に協働する1対のスイッチン グトランジスタを備え、前記1対のスイッチングトランジスタは前記増幅器への 給電の前記予め決定された順序を実行するマイクロプロセッサによって制御され る請求項12に記載の回路。 14、測定されるべき前記電気特性が抵抗率であり、前記校正デバイスは固定 抵抗を含み、前記更なるデバイスは、可変抵抗温度センサを含む請求項12の回 路。 15、入力信号の源を形成し、 それを通る信号を分析する手段に前記所定のデバイスの出力端子を接続し、 入力信号の前記源に接続される入力端子及び前記所定のデバイスの入力端子に 接続される出力端子を有し、電力がそれに印加される時にだけ前記所定のデバイ スに前記入力信号を導く増幅器を形成し、 前記増幅器に給電することに好適な電源を形成し、 前記電源及び前記増幅器間に制御できるスイッチング手段を接続して、前記ス イッチング手段が前記増幅器を通る前記所定のデバイスへの前記入力信号の伝導 を制御し、 前記入力信号が予め決定された順序に従って前記所定のデバイスに前記増幅器 を通して導かれ、前記順序は、 前記入力信号が前記所定のデバイスに印加された少なくとも1つの期間と、前 記入力信号が前記所定のデバイスに印加されなかった第2期間を含むように、前 記スイッチング手段を制御し、 前記順序の両方の前記期間中に前記所定のデバイスの出力端子で存在する信号 を測定して、前記入力信号及びシステムオフセット値に対する前記所定のデバイ スの応答を決定し、 前記システムオフセット値に関する前記デバイスの前記応答を分析する、段階 を備えた所定のデバイスの予め決定された電気特性の測定を校正する方法。 16、前記スイッチング手段は、前記増幅器のパワー入力端子及び前記電源間 に接続されるトランジスタを備える請求項15に記載の方法。 17、前記スイッチング手段がマイクロプロセッサによって制御された請求項 15の方法。 18、入力信号の前記源に接続している更なる増幅器に前記電気特性の公知値 を表す校正デバイスを接続し、 前記入力信号が前記第2期間中に前記校正デバイスに接続されるように前記更 なる増幅器を制御し、 前記第2期間中に前記校正デバイスの出力端子に存在する信号を測定する、更 なる段階を備えた請求項15に記載の方法。
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US08/355,968 US5677190A (en) | 1994-12-14 | 1994-12-14 | Cell and circuit for monitoring photochemical reactions |
US08/355,968 | 1994-12-14 | ||
PCT/US1995/016407 WO1996018887A1 (en) | 1994-12-14 | 1995-12-14 | Improved cell and circuit for monitoring photochemical reactions |
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JPH09510791A true JPH09510791A (ja) | 1997-10-28 |
JP3642789B2 JP3642789B2 (ja) | 2005-04-27 |
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US (1) | US5677190A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0745219B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3642789B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU683192B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2181676C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69530070T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1996018887A1 (ja) |
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JPS6346375B2 (ja) * | 1984-01-10 | 1988-09-14 | Anateru Insutsurumento Corp | |
JPS63233370A (ja) * | 1987-03-20 | 1988-09-29 | Horiba Ltd | 水中の全有機炭素測定装置 |
JPS63284458A (ja) * | 1987-05-15 | 1988-11-21 | Nec Corp | 汚染有機物の測定方法 |
JPS6434555U (ja) * | 1987-08-25 | 1989-03-02 | ||
JPH0491794U (ja) * | 1990-05-23 | 1992-08-10 | ||
JPH06186187A (ja) * | 1992-07-14 | 1994-07-08 | Anatel Corp | 溶液の電導度の測定方法及び装置 |
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JP2001311710A (ja) * | 2000-02-23 | 2001-11-09 | Japan Organo Co Ltd | 多元電気伝導度測定装置 |
JP2004508551A (ja) * | 2000-09-06 | 2004-03-18 | アナテル・コーポレイション | 水中における全有機炭素含有量測定装置の改良 |
JP2004521318A (ja) * | 2000-10-16 | 2004-07-15 | シーヴァーズ インスツルメンツ,インク. | パルスフロー全有機炭素分析装置 |
JP2003053178A (ja) * | 2001-08-13 | 2003-02-25 | Dkk Toa Corp | 光酸化器 |
JP2005507499A (ja) * | 2001-10-26 | 2005-03-17 | ミリポア・コーポレイション | 液体の酸化可能な炭素を測定する装置およびその使用方法 |
JP2016508223A (ja) * | 2012-12-27 | 2016-03-17 | ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ | 水の広いダイナミックレンジの導電率測定 |
JP2018132401A (ja) * | 2017-02-15 | 2018-08-23 | ウシオ電機株式会社 | 測定装置 |
WO2018151187A1 (ja) * | 2017-02-15 | 2018-08-23 | ウシオ電機株式会社 | 測定装置 |
KR20190105043A (ko) | 2017-02-15 | 2019-09-11 | 우시오덴키 가부시키가이샤 | 측정 장치 |
CN110234987A (zh) * | 2017-02-15 | 2019-09-13 | 优志旺电机株式会社 | 测量装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0745219A1 (en) | 1996-12-04 |
JP3642789B2 (ja) | 2005-04-27 |
WO1996018887A1 (en) | 1996-06-20 |
AU683192B2 (en) | 1997-10-30 |
CA2181676C (en) | 2004-02-24 |
US5677190A (en) | 1997-10-14 |
CA2181676A1 (en) | 1996-06-20 |
EP0745219B1 (en) | 2003-03-26 |
EP0745219A4 (en) | 1997-01-29 |
AU4521596A (en) | 1996-07-03 |
DE69530070D1 (de) | 2003-04-30 |
DE69530070T2 (de) | 2004-01-08 |
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