JPH09500355A - 平面或いは曲面ガラス板を造るための方法 - Google Patents
平面或いは曲面ガラス板を造るための方法Info
- Publication number
- JPH09500355A JPH09500355A JP8504030A JP50403096A JPH09500355A JP H09500355 A JPH09500355 A JP H09500355A JP 8504030 A JP8504030 A JP 8504030A JP 50403096 A JP50403096 A JP 50403096A JP H09500355 A JPH09500355 A JP H09500355A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- glass plate
- temperature
- quenching
- heat treatment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 206010034156 Pathological fracture Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000005250 Spontaneous Fractures Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 11
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007706 flame test Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010016334 Feeling hot Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000034713 Spontaneous Rupture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005354 aluminosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005329 float glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010338 mechanical breakdown Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B27/00—Tempering or quenching glass products
- C03B27/012—Tempering or quenching glass products by heat treatment, e.g. for crystallisation; Heat treatment of glass products before tempering by cooling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.ガラス板を先ず熱的に或いは化学的に焼入れし、引続きガラスの転移温度以 下の温度水準で熱処理を行う様式の、高い曲げ引張り強度を備えた平面或いは曲 面ガラス板を造るための方法において、ガラス板を相前後している方法工程にお いて少なくとも2回熱的に或いは化学的に焼入れし、それぞれ2回の焼入れ工程 の間熱処理を適用することを特徴とする方法。 2.ガラス板の第一の焼入れの後熱処理方法工程を、引続きあらためて機械的或 いは化学的に数回焼入れを繰返すことを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載の方 法。 3.熱的な焼入れを相前後している焼入れ方法工程にあって異なる最高の温度で 行うことを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項或いは第2項に記載の方法。 4.熱処理を少なくとも300℃の温度で行うことを特徴とする請求の範囲第1 項1から第3項までのいずれか一つに記載の方法。 5.第一の焼入れの後280℃以下の温度で第一の熱処理を、そして2度の後続 して行なわれる焼入れ工程の間に第二の熱処理を300℃以上の温度で行うこと を特徴とする請求の範囲第1項1から第3項までのいずれか一つに記載の方法。 6.ガラス板の熱処理の各々の相を少なくとも2時間、最大限10時間の間に行 うことを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項から第5項までのいずれか一つに記載の方 法。 7.熱的焼入れの際ガラス板を600℃から850℃の範囲の温度に加熱し、引 続き冷却することを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項から第6項までのいずれか一つ に記載の方法。 8.ガラス板のために3,0から9,5×10-6K-1の線状の熱伸び係数αと6 ,0から9,0×104N/mm2の弾性モジュールEを有しているガラスを20 ℃から300℃の温度範囲で使用することを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項から第 7項までのいずれか一つに記載の方法。 9.ガラス板のために最大0,02重量%の酸化鉄Fe2O3を含有しているおよび /または最大0,01重量%の他の着色作用を有する酸化物を含有している ガラスを使用することを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項から第8項までのいずれか 一つに記載の方法。 10.ガラス板のために少なくとも表面領域に着色酸化物で着色されているガラス を使用することを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項から第9項までのいずれか一つに 記載の方法。 11.ガラス板の少なくとも一つの側に少なくとも4%の透過性を有している層を 積層することを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項から第10項までのいずれか一つに 記載の方法。 12.積層がガラス板の縁部に沿って板の中央方向で少なくとも5mmの幅の範囲 で離れていることを特徴とする請求の範囲第10項に記載の方法。 13.ガラス板の縁部を焼入れおよび熱処理する以前に研摩および/または磨きに より処理することを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項から第12項までのいずれか一 つに記載の方法。 14.縁部の処理のために研摩液として研摩添加物を含有していない水を使用する ことを特徴とする請求の範囲第13項に記載の方法。 15.ガラス板を縁部の処理の際少なくとも1,7m/分の送り速度で処理工具の 傍らを通過させることを特徴とする請求の範囲第13項或いは第14項に記載の 方法。 16.処理工具のガラス板の表面に対する押圧力を少なくとも2,5バールとする ことを特徴とする請求の範囲第13項から第15項までのいずれか一つに記載の 方法。 17.防火−安全窓ガラスを製造するために請求の範囲第1項から第16項までの いずれか一つに記載の方法の使用。 18.枠ガラス−安全窓ガラス或いは合せ−安全窓ガラスを製造するために請求の 範囲第1項から第16項までのいずれか一つに記載の方法の使用。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH2184/94-4 | 1994-07-08 | ||
CH218494A CH686304A5 (de) | 1994-07-08 | 1994-07-08 | Verfahren zum Herstellen von ebenen oder gewoelbten Glasplatten. |
PCT/CH1995/000140 WO1996001792A1 (de) | 1994-07-08 | 1995-06-23 | Verfahren zum herstellen von ebenen oder gewölbten glasplatten |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH09500355A true JPH09500355A (ja) | 1997-01-14 |
JP3094166B2 JP3094166B2 (ja) | 2000-10-03 |
Family
ID=4227856
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP08504030A Expired - Lifetime JP3094166B2 (ja) | 1994-07-08 | 1995-06-23 | 平面或いは曲面ガラス板を造るための方法 |
Country Status (17)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5676722A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0719241B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3094166B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1100731C (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE220052T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2667295A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2171323C (ja) |
CH (1) | CH686304A5 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE59510257D1 (ja) |
DK (1) | DK0719241T3 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2088857T3 (ja) |
FI (1) | FI961067A0 (ja) |
GR (1) | GR960300057T1 (ja) |
NO (1) | NO316782B1 (ja) |
PT (1) | PT719241E (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2148036C1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1996001792A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000001627A1 (fr) * | 1998-07-07 | 2000-01-13 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. | Procede permettant de produire une plaque de verre trempe refroidi a l'air |
JP2000272927A (ja) * | 1999-03-26 | 2000-10-03 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 強化ガラス製品およびその製造方法 |
US6609394B1 (en) | 1998-07-07 | 2003-08-26 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. | Method for producing air-quench-toughened glass plate |
Families Citing this family (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5882371A (en) * | 1996-07-12 | 1999-03-16 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Method for heat-treating a glass substrate |
DE19643870C2 (de) * | 1996-10-30 | 1999-09-23 | Schott Glas | Verwendung eines Glaskörpers zur Erzeugung eines chemisch vorgespannten Glaskörpers |
DE19710289C1 (de) * | 1997-03-13 | 1998-05-14 | Vetrotech Saint Gobain Int Ag | Feuerwiderstandsfähige Verglasung |
US6905991B1 (en) * | 1997-03-13 | 2005-06-14 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Soda-lime-silica glass compositions and applications |
FR2762838B1 (fr) * | 1997-04-30 | 1999-11-05 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | Compositions de verre silico-sodo-calcique et leurs applications |
FI101621B (fi) * | 1997-04-21 | 1998-07-31 | Tamglass Ltd Oy | Menetelmä karkaistujen lasilevyjen heat-soak käsittelyä varten |
GB2329382A (en) * | 1997-09-23 | 1999-03-24 | Glaverbel | Chemical treatment of vitreous material |
DE50106482D1 (de) * | 2001-08-09 | 2005-07-14 | Lsg Interver Special Glass Ltd | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung einer vorgespannten glasplatte |
KR100524842B1 (ko) * | 2002-09-25 | 2005-10-28 | 삼성코닝정밀유리 주식회사 | 낮은 잔류응력을 갖는 평판 유리의 제조방법 |
AT501080B1 (de) * | 2005-01-12 | 2006-06-15 | Schuller Thomas | Verfahren zur prüfung auf nickelsulfideinschlüsse in einscheibensicherheitsglas und vorrichtung hierfür |
US7818980B2 (en) * | 2006-11-30 | 2010-10-26 | Corning Incorporated | Forming glass sheets with improved shape stability |
DE102008062362A1 (de) * | 2008-09-08 | 2010-07-01 | Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg | Verfahren zur Herstellung von thermisch gehärteten Gläsern |
CN101913759A (zh) * | 2010-08-26 | 2010-12-15 | 湖州东科电子石英有限公司 | 石英玻璃的应力消除工艺 |
US8960014B2 (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2015-02-24 | Corning Incorporated | Methods of validating edge strength of a glass sheet |
WO2015000090A2 (de) * | 2013-07-04 | 2015-01-08 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Brandschutzglasscheibe und brandschutzverglasung |
US10005691B2 (en) | 2014-07-31 | 2018-06-26 | Corning Incorporated | Damage resistant glass article |
US10611664B2 (en) | 2014-07-31 | 2020-04-07 | Corning Incorporated | Thermally strengthened architectural glass and related systems and methods |
US11097974B2 (en) | 2014-07-31 | 2021-08-24 | Corning Incorporated | Thermally strengthened consumer electronic glass and related systems and methods |
BR112018002063A2 (pt) * | 2015-07-30 | 2018-09-18 | Corning Inc | ?vidros reforçados tecnicamente, sistema e métodos relacionados? |
WO2017123573A2 (en) | 2016-01-12 | 2017-07-20 | Corning Incorporated | Thin thermally and chemically strengthened glass-based articles |
US11795102B2 (en) | 2016-01-26 | 2023-10-24 | Corning Incorporated | Non-contact coated glass and related coating system and method |
EP3269546A1 (de) | 2016-07-13 | 2018-01-17 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Beheiztes glas |
US11485673B2 (en) | 2017-08-24 | 2022-11-01 | Corning Incorporated | Glasses with improved tempering capabilities |
TWI785156B (zh) | 2017-11-30 | 2022-12-01 | 美商康寧公司 | 具有高熱膨脹係數及對於熱回火之優先破裂行為的非離子交換玻璃 |
CN113727954A (zh) | 2019-04-23 | 2021-11-30 | 康宁股份有限公司 | 具有确定的应力分布曲线的玻璃层叠物及其制作方法 |
WO2021025981A1 (en) | 2019-08-06 | 2021-02-11 | Corning Incorporated | Glass laminate with buried stress spikes to arrest cracks and methods of making the same |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3287200A (en) * | 1962-10-04 | 1966-11-22 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Method of strengthening glass by ion exchange and articles therefrom |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE602431C (de) * | 1933-04-05 | 1934-09-08 | Fritz Eckert Dr | Verfahren zum gleichmaessigen Haerten von Glastafeln |
DE1142220B (de) * | 1959-09-29 | 1963-01-10 | Saint Gobain | Verfahren zur Verbesserung des mechanischen Widerstandes von vorgespannten Glaesern |
US3356477A (en) * | 1963-12-04 | 1967-12-05 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Method of increasing stain resistance of a glass body subjected to an ion exchange strengthening set-up |
US3460927A (en) * | 1966-05-25 | 1969-08-12 | Owens Illinois Inc | Process for glass strengthening |
GB1208153A (en) * | 1967-04-27 | 1970-10-07 | Glaverbel | Glass tempering processes and apparatus |
US4172921A (en) * | 1974-05-17 | 1979-10-30 | Jenaer Glaswerk Schott & Gen. | Fireproof glass |
US4004901A (en) * | 1975-10-28 | 1977-01-25 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Tempering glass sheets |
US4416930A (en) * | 1980-11-24 | 1983-11-22 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Treating glass sheets to heal vents that result in breakage during thermal treatment |
US4566893A (en) * | 1984-10-03 | 1986-01-28 | Rca Corporation | Method for fabricating a glass CRT panel |
DE3611844A1 (de) * | 1986-02-28 | 1987-09-03 | Flachglas Ag | Verfahren zum herstellen einer vorgespannten und/oder gebogenen glasscheibe mit platinbeschichtung oder dergleichen |
JPH0818850B2 (ja) * | 1986-09-05 | 1996-02-28 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | 化学強化ガラス |
US4913720A (en) * | 1988-09-29 | 1990-04-03 | Glasstech, Inc. | Glass sheet modulated quenching |
FI91247C (fi) * | 1992-06-15 | 1994-06-10 | Aulis Bertin | Pinnoitettujen lasien esikäsittelymenetelmä lämpökäsittelyä varten |
-
1994
- 1994-07-08 CH CH218494A patent/CH686304A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1995
- 1995-06-23 PT PT95921674T patent/PT719241E/pt unknown
- 1995-06-23 JP JP08504030A patent/JP3094166B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-23 WO PCT/CH1995/000140 patent/WO1996001792A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1995-06-23 RU RU96107124A patent/RU2148036C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-06-23 CN CN95190619A patent/CN1100731C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-06-23 AU AU26672/95A patent/AU2667295A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-06-23 DE DE59510257T patent/DE59510257D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-23 EP EP95921674A patent/EP0719241B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-23 DK DK95921674T patent/DK0719241T3/da active
- 1995-06-23 CA CA002171323A patent/CA2171323C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-06-23 AT AT95921674T patent/ATE220052T1/de active
- 1995-06-23 ES ES95921674T patent/ES2088857T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-02-23 US US08/601,016 patent/US5676722A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-07 NO NO19960928A patent/NO316782B1/no unknown
- 1996-03-07 FI FI961067A patent/FI961067A0/fi unknown
- 1996-10-31 GR GR960300057T patent/GR960300057T1/el unknown
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3287200A (en) * | 1962-10-04 | 1966-11-22 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Method of strengthening glass by ion exchange and articles therefrom |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000001627A1 (fr) * | 1998-07-07 | 2000-01-13 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. | Procede permettant de produire une plaque de verre trempe refroidi a l'air |
US6609394B1 (en) | 1998-07-07 | 2003-08-26 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. | Method for producing air-quench-toughened glass plate |
KR100661762B1 (ko) * | 1998-07-07 | 2006-12-28 | 닛폰 이타가라스 가부시키가이샤 | 풍냉 강화 유리판의 제조방법 |
US7213415B2 (en) | 1998-07-07 | 2007-05-08 | Nippon Sheet Glass Company, Limited | Method for producing air-quench-toughened glass plate |
JP2000272927A (ja) * | 1999-03-26 | 2000-10-03 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 強化ガラス製品およびその製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1130374A (zh) | 1996-09-04 |
FI961067A (fi) | 1996-03-07 |
GR960300057T1 (en) | 1996-10-31 |
NO960928L (no) | 1996-03-07 |
ES2088857T3 (es) | 2002-12-16 |
DK0719241T3 (da) | 2002-07-22 |
JP3094166B2 (ja) | 2000-10-03 |
WO1996001792A1 (de) | 1996-01-25 |
ATE220052T1 (de) | 2002-07-15 |
CH686304A5 (de) | 1996-02-29 |
CA2171323A1 (en) | 1996-01-25 |
EP0719241A1 (de) | 1996-07-03 |
ES2088857T1 (es) | 1996-10-01 |
EP0719241B1 (de) | 2002-07-03 |
NO316782B1 (no) | 2004-05-10 |
RU2148036C1 (ru) | 2000-04-27 |
AU2667295A (en) | 1996-02-09 |
NO960928D0 (no) | 1996-03-07 |
FI961067A0 (fi) | 1996-03-07 |
CN1100731C (zh) | 2003-02-05 |
DE59510257D1 (de) | 2002-08-08 |
PT719241E (pt) | 2002-11-29 |
US5676722A (en) | 1997-10-14 |
CA2171323C (en) | 2006-02-07 |
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