JPH09309164A - Panel structure, friction bonding method and panel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a joint shape for controlling the deformation of joint sections and forming good bonded sections in the case of carrying out the friction bonding for bonded faces of a two-face structure (panel). SOLUTION: Panels 31 and 32 are constituted of two plates 33 and 34 substantially in parallel with and a third component 35 connecting the plates 33 and 34 together. Ends of respective plates 33 and 34 of one panel 32 are connected with ends of respective plates 33 and 34 of the other panel 32 by the friction bonding. A plate 36 connecting the plate 33 with the plate 34 is provided at least on the end of one panel, and rigidity for supporting the pressing force at the time of friction bonding is provided.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a friction joining method and is suitable for joining panels made of aluminum alloy, for example, to railroad cars and buildings.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Two-sided structure (panel) of the structure of a railway vehicle
The one using a hollow mold material is JP-A-2-24686.
No. 3, which uses a laminated panel such as a honeycomb panel is disclosed in JP-A-6-106661.

In the friction welding method, a round bar inserted in a welding portion is rotated to generate heat and soften, and welding is performed. This joining is applied to the abutting portion and the overlapping portion. This is WO 9
3/10935 (WO 0615480B1, Special Publication 7)
-50,090), Welding & Metal Fabr
ication, January 1995 pp. 13-16.

[0004]

In the friction welding method, a downward force is exerted on the joint due to the reaction of the member immediately below the rotary tool (round bar) being discharged to the surface during joining. Therefore, when this joining method is applied to joining two-sided structures (panels), this downward force causes the joint member at the joint to be swept downward, causing deformation, and good joining can be performed. could not.

The two-sided structure (panel) is, for example, a hollow molding material of an extrusion molding material of aluminum alloy, or a honeycomb panel. Conventionally, MIG welding or TIG welding has been performed as the joining between the panels. When friction joining is applied to the shape of the joint, the joint is bent downward or the member is caused to flow downward due to the pressing force at the time of friction joining.

The inventor discovered the above phenomenon through various experiments.

A first object of the present invention is to suppress deformation of the joint portion and obtain good joining when joining two surfaces by friction joining.

A second object of the present invention is to obtain good joining when joining one surface by friction joining.

A third object of the present invention is to make it possible to join two surfaces in a short time with little deformation.

[0010]

The first object can be achieved by arranging a member for connecting two plates forming two surfaces at a joint portion.

Alternatively, the tip of one member is placed on the tip of the other member, and the outer surface of the tip of the one member is arranged to be substantially the same as the outer surface of the other member. This can be achieved by frictionally joining the tip of one member to the other member.

The above second object can be achieved by providing a convex portion projecting to the tool side of the friction welding on a member of the welding portion.

A third object of the present invention is to arrange rotary tools for friction welding on both sides of an object to be joined, and to substantially extend the rotation center of the other rotary tool on an extension line of the rotation center of one of the rotary tools. It is possible to achieve this by simultaneously performing frictional joining in the state of being arranged in the above.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The embodiment of FIG. 1 is a case where the shape of the joint portion of the hollow mold members 31 and 32 as a panel is a butt type. Vertical plates 36, 36 are provided at the ends of the hollow mold members 31, 32 in the width direction. Before joining, there are vertical plates 36, 36 immediately below the rotary tool 50.
They are facing each other and touching each other. When they are separated, the gap between them is small. The gap is about 1 mm. Board 3
The center of the convex portion 52 is located on the extension line between 6 and 36.
The plates 36, 36 are rigid enough to support the downward force. The plate 36 is orthogonal to the two plates 33 and 34. The hollow mold members 31 and 32 are extruded mold members made of aluminum alloy. The upper and lower surfaces of the hollow mold member 31 coincide with the upper and lower faces of the hollow mold member 32. That is, the hollow mold members 31 and 32 have the same thickness. The same applies to the following embodiments. At the time of friction welding, the boundary 53 between the large diameter portion 51 of the rotary tool 50 and the convex portion 52 of the small diameter portion is located on the upper surface of the hollow mold members 31, 32. The numeral 35 connects the two plates 36, 36, and a plurality of them are arranged in a truss shape. Hollow mold materials 31, 3
The shape of the end of 2 is symmetrical. Hollow mold materials 31, 3
2 is mounted on a stand (not shown) and is fixed so as not to move. There is also a pedestal below the plates 36, 36.

In friction welding, while rotating the rotary tool 50, the convex portion 52 is inserted into the joint portion of the hollow mold members 31 and 32,
This is done by moving along the joint. The center of rotation of the convex portion 52 is between the two plates 36, 36.

FIG. 2 shows a state after friction welding. Reference numeral 45 shows the shape of the joining bead after joining. Plate 36,
The center of the width of the joining bead 45 is located on the extension line between the 36. Beads 45 are provided in the range of the extension line of the thickness of the plates 36, 36.
There is. The depth of the welding bead 45 is determined by the height of the convex portion 52 at the lower end of the rotary tool 50 inserted into the welding portion.

According to this, the plate 3 perpendicular to the plates 33 and 34
Since 6 and 36 support the vertical force at the time of friction welding, the joint portion does not bend and a good connection can be obtained as shown in FIG. The plate 36 is orthogonal to the plates 33 and 34 as much as possible.

It should be noted that the plate 36 may be perforated to reduce the weight. The same applies to the following embodiments.

The lower surface side is joined by inverting the upper and lower surfaces of the hollow mold member.

In the embodiment of FIG. 3, there is a plate 36 at the end of one hollow mold member 31, and no plate 36 at the end of the other hollow mold member 32. The vertical corners of the plate 36 of the hollow mold member 31 are recessed so that the tips of the projecting pieces 38, 38 at the ends of the hollow mold member 32 can be placed. This recess is a hollow member 3
1 in the thickness direction and the direction orthogonal thereto (the hollow mold member 32
Side). When the protrusions 38 are placed (overlapped) on the recesses, they are in contact with each other in the figure, but there is actually a gap. In addition, the tips of both (protrusions 38, 38 and the corner 3
3a, 34a). Butt portions on the surface side of the two hollow mold members 31, 32, that is, the rotary tool 5
Directly below the center of 0 is the abutment and plate 36. The center of rotation of the convex portion 52 is located on an extension line of the thickness center of the plate 36. That is, the plate 3 is placed on the extension line of the thickness center of the plate 36.
The joint between the plate 3 (34) and the plate 33 (34) is located. Board 3
The corners 33b and 34b extending from 3, 34 to the recess are on the extension line of the thickness center of the plate 36. Or the corners 33b, 3
The position of 4b is slightly left on the extension line of the center of the thickness of the plate 36 in FIG. 3 in consideration of the distance from the projecting piece 38. The plate 36 has rigidity to support the vertical force. The horizontal gap between the tip of the protruding piece 38 and the hollow mold member 31 is the same as in FIG. The height of the convex portion 52 of the rotary tool 50 is about the thickness of the protruding piece 38. Generally, a plastic flow state is formed below the convex portion 38, and friction welding is performed. Similarly, the diameter of the convex portion 52 is larger than that of the convex portion 52, and a plastic flow state is established.
It is desirable that the lower surface of the projecting piece 38 and the plate 36 are frictionally joined to below the contact portion.

FIG. 4 shows the state after joining. The center of the width of the joining bead 45 is located on an extension line of the thickness center of the plate 36.

In order to support the vertical force, it is desirable that the center of rotation of the rotary tool 50 is located on an extension line of the central portion of the thickness of the plate 36. In order to make the joining amounts of the left and right hollow mold members 31 and 32 the same, it is desirable that corners 33b and 34b are provided on the extension line. It is desirable that the convex portion 52 of the rotary tool 50 is within the range of the extension line of the thickness of the plate 36.
Is determined by the vertical force, the position of the convex portion 52, and the strength of the plate 36. Therefore, the thickness of the plate 36 may be smaller than the diameter of the convex portion 52. Also, the rotary tool 5
Considering the error in the position of 0 and the error in the positions of the corners 33b and 34b, the corners 33b and 34 are within the range of the extension line of the thickness of the plate 36.
It is desirable that at least a part of the convex portion 52 of the rotary tool 50 is located in the above range. According to this, plate 3
6 can receive the vertical force at all, and can substantially prevent the deformation of the joint and obtain a good joint. Based on the bead 45, the bead 45 has a convex portion 5
Although slightly larger than 2, it can be said that it is almost the same as the above. The same applies to the other examples.

According to this joint shape, according to experiments,
Compared with the case of FIG. 1, generally, the protruding piece 38 and the hollow mold member 3
Even if there is a large horizontal gap with respect to 1, the concave portion of the joint can be reduced. Therefore, the appearance is good and the amount of putty can be reduced even when painting. It is considered that this is because the gap between the two ends with the thickness of the protruding piece 38. It is also generally considered to be lightweight. Further, since one hollow mold member is fitted into the other, it is possible to easily align the two in the height direction.

The shape of the end of the hollow mold member 31 is symmetrical, and the shape of the end of the hollow mold member 32 is symmetrical. Alternatively, one end of the hollow mold member 31 is as shown in FIG. 3, and the other end is the shape of the end portion of the hollow mold member 32 of FIG.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, there is substantially no vertical plate 36 immediately below the corners 33b and 34b of the recess of the hollow mold member 31. The right end of the plate 36 is located on the extension of the corners 33b and 34b. The center of rotation of the rotary tool 50 is located on this extension line. Rigidity for supporting the vertical force at the end of the hollow mold member 31 by increasing the thickness of the protruding piece 37 located below in the joint portion and increasing the arc of the connecting portion from the tip of the protruding piece 37 to the plate 36. I have to. The projecting piece 38 of the other hollow mold member 32 overlaps the recess of the projecting piece 37 as in the embodiment of FIG. The other hollow mold member 32 has a plate 36 connecting the two plates 33 and 34 near the projecting piece. As a result, even if there is no vertical plate 36 immediately below the corner of the recess, no defect occurs at the joint. However, in the vertical direction of the range of the bead 45, the panel 3
There is one plate 36. FIG. 6 shows a state after joining.

In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the plate 36 of the hollow mold member 32 can be omitted.

The embodiment of FIG. 7 is the same as the embodiment of FIG.
In the joint portion of the two hollow mold members 31 and 32, convex portions 37a and 38a protruding to the front surface side are provided. That is, the wall pressure of the joint is thick. The heights of the convex portion 37a and the convex portion 38a are the same. The other shapes are the same as those in FIG. 5, but the thickness of the plate 36 and the projecting piece 37 is slightly thinner.

According to this, the convex portion 37 is formed before the friction welding.
Even if there is a gap between a and the convex portion 38a, the volume of the convex portions 37a and 38a fills the gap by friction bonding. Therefore, it looks good and the amount of putty can be reduced.

Further, conventionally, holes have been formed in the volume and the joining bead of the member 41 which has been washed away by the downward force. According to the joint shape of FIG. 7, the convex portions 37a and 38a are plastically flown by the rotary tool 50 and are pushed downward by the rotary tool 50 at the time of joining, thereby compensating for the volume of the member 41 which has been washed away. It is possible to prevent and perform good joining. FIG. 8 shows the shape of the bead 45 after joining. After joining, if there are unnecessary parts, they are cut as shown in the figure.

The convex portions 37a and 38a can be applied to FIGS. 1, 3, 5 and the embodiments described later.

In the embodiment of FIG. 9, the upper and lower surfaces can be joined from only one side. Hollow template 31,3
The end portion of the lower surface side of 2 has a protruding piece 34a largely protruding from the same surface as the lower surface plates 34, 34 toward the other hollow mold member side. The tips of the protruding pieces 34a, 34a are substantially in contact with each other. The tips of the upper plates 33, 33 are located rearward of the tips of the lower plates 34a, 34a. The tip portions of the upper plates 33, 33 and the lower plates 34, 34 are connected by vertical plates 36, 36. The plates 36, 36 are connected in the middle of the plate 34. On top of the vertical plates 36, 36 are recesses 39, 39 on which the joints 60 overlap. Fit the joint 60 into the recesses 39, 3
When it is placed on the plate 9, it is flush with the upper surfaces of the plates 33, 33 on the upper surface of the joint 60. The distance between the two plates 36, 36 is large enough to insert the rotary tool 50, and is as small as possible. The relationship between the plate 36 and the recess 39 is as described in the embodiments of FIGS. 3, 5 and 7.

The joining procedure will be described. In the state of FIG. 9A, the tips of the lower plates 34a, 34a are joined by the rotary tool 50. At this time, the hollow mold members 31 and 32 are the plates 34.
It is placed on the bed including the joints of a and 34a. The upper surface of the bed of the joint (the backing of the joint bead) is flat.
The height of the convex portion 52 of the rotary tool 50 is smaller than the thickness of the plates 34a, 34a. According to this, the lower surface after joining is flat. Therefore, this lower surface side can be easily made to be the outer surface of the structure of the railway vehicle or the outer surface of a structure such as a building (a surface on which the decorative plate is not arranged). In general, unevenness is likely to occur on the upper surface side (the portion of the boundary 51) of the friction-bonded portion.

Next, as shown in (B), two hollow mold members 3 are used.
The joint 60 is placed between 1 and 32. The longitudinal cross section of the joint 30 is T-shaped. When both ends of the joint 30 are overlapped with the recesses 32, 32, the lower end of the vertical piece 61 has a gap between it and the joining bead of the lower plate. The vertical side 61 may be omitted.

Next, as shown in (C), the joint between the joint 60 and the hollow mold member 31 is frictionally joined by the rotary tool 50. This rotary tool 50 does not have to be the same as the welding tool of (A).

Next, as shown in (D), the joint between the joint 60 and the hollow mold member 32 is frictionally joined by the rotary tool 50.

According to this, the joining can be performed from one surface side, and the reversing work can be eliminated. By omitting the reversing work, it is possible to obtain the advantages of omitting the reversing and positioning time, omitting the reversing device, and improving the assembly accuracy.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the upper and lower surfaces of the hollow mold members 51 and 52 are simultaneously friction bonded.
There is a rotary tool 50a that joins the upper rotary tool 50 downward in the vertical direction. The convex portion 52 of the rotary tool 50a faces upward. The two rotary tools 50 and 50a are opposed to each other and moved at the same speed to perform friction welding. 70,
70 is a bed. The centers of rotation of the tools 50 and 50a are on the same line. On this line, the hollow mold member 31,
There are 32 joints.

According to this, since the rotation center of the other rotary tool 50a is located on the extension line of the rotation center of the one rotary tool 50, the forces are balanced, the deformation of the joint is small, and the welding can be performed in a short time. Since it is not necessary to invert the hollow mold members 31, 32, the deformation is small and the working time can be shortened.

This embodiment can be applied to other embodiments.

In each of the above embodiments, a hollow mold member is used as the panel. The following examples show the case of application to a honeycomb panel. As shown in FIG. 11, the honeycomb panels 80a and 80b have two face plates 81 and 82.
A core member 83 having honeycomb cells, a face plate 81,
The edge member 84 is arranged along the end face of 82, and the core member 83 and the edge member 84 are brazed to the face plates 81 and 82 to be integrated. The face plates 81 and 82, the core material 83, and the edge material 84 are aluminum alloys. The edge member 84 is an extruded shape member, and its cross section is square. The thickness of each piece is plate 8
Thicker than 1,82. The thickness of the vertical pieces of the edge members 84, 84 which contact each other is the same as in the case of FIG. The two honeycomb panels 80a and 80b have the same thickness.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 11 corresponds to the embodiment shown in FIG. The height of the convex portion 52 of the rotary tool 50 is the face plate 8
Greater than the thickness of 1,82. By this, the face plate 8
1, 82 and the edge members 84, 84 are joined. The edge member 84 mainly transmits the load acting on the panels 80a and 80b. After the panels 80a and 80b are manufactured, both are combined and friction bonded.

The embodiment of FIG. 12 corresponds to FIG. The edge member 84 of the honeycomb panel 80a has a substantially rectangular cross section and has concave portions at the corners. Honeycomb panel 80b
The edge member 84 has a channel shape in which the end side of the honeycomb panel 80b is open, and the tip end thereof is placed in the concave portion of the edge member 80a.

The honeycomb panel corresponding to FIG. 5 can be manufactured in the same manner.

The embodiment of FIG. 13 corresponds to that of FIG. After combining the two honeycomb panels 80a0 and 80b, the plate 86 is placed on the upper surfaces of the face plates 81 and 81, and the plate 8
It is temporarily fixed to 1,81 by welding. The plate 86 supplements the material flowing out by plastic flow. Further, in FIG. 12, a vertical piece on the end side of the edge member 84 of the honeycomb panel 80a is removed. The vertical force is taken up by the thickness of the horizontal piece and the shape around it.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 14 will be described. FIG.
While the previous examples were panels with two faces (plates), the embodiment of FIG. 14 has substantially one face (plates 94, 9).
4) panels 91, 92. However, panel 9
At the ends of 1, 92, the outside with the plates 94, 94,
Friction welding is performed at two inner points without a plate. For this reason,
The inner joint has a narrow surface (plates 93, 93). The plates 93, 93 are supported by the plates 96, 96. Even in this case, the plate 96 can be said to be substantially orthogonal to the plates 93 and 94. The plates 93 and 94 are the same as in FIG.
38a is provided. A plurality of ribs (plates) 95 for strength members are arranged at predetermined intervals on the plates 94. The cross section of the rib 95 is T-shaped. The top surface of the rib 95 is flush with the top surface of the joint plate 93. A strength member (for example, a pillar) is welded to the top surfaces of the two, or serves as a seat for attaching articles. The plates 93, 93 serve as seats for managing the height position of the tool 50. The movable body including the tool 50 is the plate 9
Move on 3, 93. By the plates 93, 94,
It can be said that the panels 91 and 92 are also two-sided structures. Panel 9
Reference numerals 1 and 92 are extrusion mold materials.

The shape of the joint between the panel 91 and the panel 92 in FIG. 14 is such that the plates 96, 96 face each other as in FIG. 1, but they can be overlapped as shown in FIGS. 3, 5, and 7. it can.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an application to the structure of a railway vehicle. The structure is composed of a side structure 101, a roof structure 102, a floor structure 103, and a gable structure 104 at an end portion in the longitudinal direction. The side structure 101 and the roof structure 102 are, for example, the panel 3
The longitudinal direction of 1, 32, 80a, 80b, 91, 92 is the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. Side structure 101 and roof structure 10
2 and the side structure 101 and the floor structure 103 are connected by MIG welding. The roof structure 102 and the side structure 101 are often arc-shaped. Panels 91 and 92 on the side structure 10
When used for No. 2, the surface having the plate 96 and the rib 96 is the inside of the vehicle, and the strength member is a pillar.

The panels 31 and 32 shown in FIG. 9 can be arbitrarily combined. Protruding plates 34a, 34
The end of “a” overlaps with the recesses 39, 39 on the plate 32 side.
The joint 60 is not used. The joints can be frictionally joined from above and below simultaneously. The plates 33 and 34a may be provided with a convex portion as shown in FIG.

The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the wording described in each claim of the claims or the wording described in the section of the problem to be solved by the invention, and a range easily replaced by those skilled in the art. It extends to.

[0050]

According to the present invention, when the two surfaces are joined by friction joining, deformation of the joint portion is suppressed and good joining can be obtained.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, good joining can be obtained when joining one surface by friction joining.

According to the third invention, the two surfaces can be joined in a short time with little deformation.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view after friction welding in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view after friction welding in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a vertical cross-sectional view after friction welding in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a vertical cross-sectional view after friction welding in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view illustrating a procedure of friction welding according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a vertical sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a vertical cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a vertical sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a vertical sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a structure of a railway vehicle.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Office reference number FI technical display area // B23K 101: 02

Claims (34)

[Claims] 1. A first plate, a second plate substantially parallel to the first plate, and a third plate connecting the first plate and the second plate to each other at an end portion of the first plate and the second plate. Wherein the third plate is a first panel substantially orthogonal to the first plate and the second plate, the first plate and a second plate substantially parallel thereto. And a second panel including a third plate connecting the two, the first plate and the second plate of the second panel being one of the end portions of the first panel. The first plate and the second plate are respectively joined, and at least at the joining portion between the first plates or the joining portion between the second plates, the third portion of the first panel A panel structure having a bead of the joint in the range of an extension line of the plate thickness. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first plate or the second plate of the second panel is located within the extension line of the thickness of the third plate of the first panel. A panel structure characterized by. 3. The end portion of the first panel according to claim 2, wherein the end portion of the first panel projects toward the second panel side from the end portion of the third plate of the first panel. The panel structure is characterized in that the protruding portion is in parallel with the first plate or the second plate connected to the beads of the second panel. 4. The panel structure according to claim 2, wherein the third plate of the first panel is provided on an extension line of a center portion in the width direction of the bead. 5. The third panel of claim 1, wherein the second panel comprises the third panel at an end of the first panel and the second panel, and the third panel of the first panel. Faces the third plate of the second panel, and the bead is in the range of the extension line of the thickness of each of the third plates. 6. The first plate according to claim 1, wherein the first plates are joined to each other, and the second plates are joined to each other, and within a range of an extension line of a thickness of the third plate of the first panel. A panel structure characterized in that there is a bead at each of the joints. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the first plate and the second plate of the first panel and the second panel are substantially parallel to each other, and a plurality of first plates are provided therebetween. 4. A panel structure characterized by having four plates. 8. The plurality of fourth plates according to claim 6, wherein the first panel and the second panel are not connected to the second plate but are connected only to the first plate. There is a panel structure. 9. A first plate, a second plate substantially parallel thereto, a plurality of third plates connecting the first plate and the second plate, and the first plate. A second plate, which is substantially orthogonal to the first plate at the end of the second plate and is connected to the middle of the second plate. One plate and the second plate are substantially orthogonal to each other, the ends of the second plate are joined to each other, the end of the first plate of one of the panels and the end of the other of the panels. The panel is joined to the end of the first plate by a fifth plate, and the thickness of the fourth plate is formed at each of the joints between the fifth plate and the respective first plates. A panel structure characterized in that the bead of the joint is in the range of the extension line of the height. 10. A first plate and a second plate substantially parallel to the first plate.
Plate, a plurality of third plates connecting the first plate and the second plate, and the first plate at an end of the first plate substantially orthogonal to the first plate. 4th connected in the middle of 2 plate
And a second panel of the other panel, wherein the second panel of the one panel is connected to an end of the first panel of the other panel. Plate is connected to an end of the first plate of the one panel, and the extension of the thickness of the fourth plate at each of the joints between the one panel and the other panel. A panel structure characterized in that there is a bead of the joint in the range of a line. 11. A first plate and a second plate substantially parallel to the first plate.
And a third plate connecting the first plate and the second plate to each other at an end portion of the first plate and the second plate, wherein the third plate is connected to the first plate and the second plate. Preparing two panels that are substantially orthogonal, arranging the two panels so that the third plates face each other, and friction-bonding the first plates to each other from the outside of the panel, Friction joining method of panels characterized by. 12. A rotary tool for friction welding is arranged on the outer side of the first plate and the outer side of the second plate, respectively, on the extension line of the rotation center of one of the rotary tools, and the other one. 2. The friction joining method for a panel, wherein the first plates and the second plates are friction-joined at the same time with the rotation center of the rotary tool substantially arranged. 13. A first plate and a second plate substantially parallel to the first plate.
And a third plate connecting the first plate and the second plate to each other at an end portion of the first plate and the second plate, wherein the third plate is connected to the first plate and the second plate. Substantially orthogonal to each other, the connection portion of each of the third plate, the first plate, and the second plate has a recess opening in the thickness direction of the panel and in a direction orthogonal to the thickness direction. A second panel comprising a first panel, a first plate, a second plate substantially parallel to the first plate, and a third plate connecting the two is prepared, and the first panel is provided. The end portions of the first plate and the second plate of the second panel are overlapped with each of the recesses of the panel, and the third part of the first panel is overlapped with the overlapped portion.
The friction welding method for panels is characterized in that the friction welding is performed from the extension line of the plate. 14. A rotary tool for friction welding is arranged on the outer side of the first plate and the outer side of the second plate, respectively, on the extension line of the rotation center of one of the rotary tools, and the other one. 2. The friction joining method for a panel, wherein the first plates and the second plates are friction-joined at the same time with the rotation center of the rotary tool substantially arranged. 15. A first plate and a second plate substantially parallel to the first plate.
Plate, a plurality of third plates connecting the first plate and the second plate, and the first plate at the end of the first plate substantially orthogonal to the first plate. 4th connected in the middle of 2 plate
And a plate having a concave portion opened at the connecting portion between the fourth plate and the first plate in the thickness direction of the panel and in the direction orthogonal to the thickness direction. The second plate of the panel overlaps the recess of the other panel and the second plate of the other panel
The plate is laid on the concave portion of the one panel, and the lapped portion is friction-bonded from an extension line of the third plate. 16. The friction member according to claim 15, wherein the first plates and the second plates are simultaneously frictionally joined from the outside of the first plate and the outside of the second plate. Friction joining method for panels. 17. A first plate and a second plate substantially parallel to the first plate.
Plate, a plurality of third plates connecting the first plate and the second plate, and the second plate substantially at right angles to the first plate at the end of the first plate. A second panel consisting of a fourth plate connected in the middle of the plate and the second plates of the respective panels are friction bonded from the upper side of the first plate, A fifth plate over each of the fourth plates,
A friction welding method for panels, characterized in that friction welding is performed from above. 18. A first plate and a second plate substantially parallel to the first plate.
And a third plate connecting the first plate and the second plate to each other at an end portion of the first plate and the second plate, the third plate being connected to the first plate and the second plate. Substantially orthogonal, at least one of the connection portion of the third plate and the first plate, the second plate, a recess in the range of the extension line of the thickness of the third plate The panel is characterized in that the recess is open in the thickness direction of the panel and in a direction orthogonal to the thickness direction. 19. The projection according to claim 18, wherein the recess has a protrusion projecting in parallel to the first plate and the second plate toward the end of the panel rather than the third plate. , Featuring a panel. 20. The corner according to claim 18, wherein there is a corner extending from the recess to the first plate or the second plate on an extension line of the central portion of the thickness of the third plate. And the panel. 21. The panel according to claim 18, wherein a convex portion protruding outward in a thickness direction of the panel is provided in a portion extending from the concave portion to the first plate or the second plate. . 22. The panel according to claim 18, wherein the concave portion is provided at each of connection portions of the third plate, the first plate, and the second plate. 23. In each of the recesses according to claim 22, a protrusion protruding in parallel to the first plate and the second plate toward the end portion side of the panel with respect to the third plate is provided. A panel characterized by having. 24. The corner portion from each of the recesses to the first plate and the second plate on the extension line of the central portion of the thickness of the third plate, Panel characterized by. 25. The projection according to claim 22, wherein each of the recesses has a projection protruding outward in the thickness direction of the panel from the recess to the first plate and the second plate. Panel to do. 26. Two plates that are substantially parallel to each other, a third plate that connects the two plates, an end portion of the two plates on one end side of the panel, and an outside in the thickness direction of the panel. A panel characterized in that each of the panels has a protruding convex portion. 27. A first plate and a second plate substantially parallel to the first plate.
Plate, a plurality of third plates connecting the first plate and the second plate, and a fourth plate connected to the middle of the second plate at the end of the first plate. And the fourth plate is substantially orthogonal to the first plate, the thickness of the third plate at the connection between the fourth plate and the first plate. A panel is characterized in that there is a recess in the range of the extension line of, and the recess is open in the thickness direction of the panel and in the direction orthogonal to this. 28. A panel comprising: a plurality of second plates projecting from one surface of the plate, and a projection projecting toward the other surface at an end of the plate. 29. Two members each having a convex portion projecting to one side in the thickness direction at one end in the length direction are prepared, and the convex portions are abutted against each other, and friction joining is performed from the side of the convex portion. A friction welding method characterized by: 30. A third member is superposed on the abutting portion of the two members, the third member is fixed to the member, and then the two members are frictionally joined from above the third member. A friction welding method characterized by the following. 31. Two plates that are substantially parallel to each other, a third member that connects the two plates, and at least one end of the plates are arranged, and the plates are arranged in the thickness direction of the panel rather than the plates. Two panels comprising an outwardly projecting convex portion, and frictionally joining the ends of the respective panels from the outside in the thickness direction of the panel. Friction welding method. 32. A joined part of two members, wherein rotary tools for friction joining are respectively arranged on one surface and the other surface of the members, and the rotary tool is extended on an extension line of the rotation center of one of the rotary tools. And the rotating tool is rotated and simultaneously moved in a state in which the center of rotation of the other rotating tool is substantially arranged. 33. The tip of one member is superposed on the tip of the other member in the thickness direction, and the outer surface of the tip of the one member is arranged to be substantially the same as the outer surface of the other member. Then, the tip end of the one member is frictionally joined to the other member. 34. The two tips of the surfaces on both sides in the thickness direction of one member are overlapped in the recesses of the tips of the other member in the thickness direction, and the outer surface of the one tip is the other member. The friction joining method is characterized in that it is arranged so as to be substantially the same as the outer surface of, and each tip of the one member is friction joined to the other member.