JP4494671B2 - Structure and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a structure having a hollow shape and a manufacturing method thereof. For example, it is suitable for the production of a structure made of a hollow extruded shape member made of an aluminum alloy used for a railway vehicle or a building.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The friction stir welding method is a method in which a round bar (referred to as a rotary tool) inserted into a joint is moved along a joining line while rotating, the joint is heated and softened, plastically flowed, and solid phase joining is performed. . A rotary tool consists of a small diameter part inserted in a junction part, and a large diameter part located outside. The small diameter part and the large diameter part are coaxial. The boundary between the small diameter portion and the large diameter portion is slightly inserted into the joint. This is shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 09-309164 (EP0797043A2).
[0003]
FIG. 9 of this document shows that two surfaces of a hollow extruded shape member are joined from one surface. Also shown is a joint that prevents deformation of the hollow profile.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The difference between friction stir welding and arc welding is that a large load acts on the members to be joined by inserting a rotary tool. This load mainly acts in the insertion direction (axial direction) of the rotary tool. That is, the insertion force of the rotary tool acts on the member to be joined.
When a hollow extruded shape member is friction stir welded, the insertion force acts on a face plate or a rib connecting two parallel face plates, and the hollow shape member is deformed. For this reason, a structure for preventing deformation of the joint portion is necessary.
[0005]
This deformation preventing means is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-309164 (EP0797043A2). This is provided with a vertical plate (referred to as a longitudinal rib) for joining two face plates at the joint. The vertical rib is on the extension line of the axis of the rotary tool. The vertical rib is one of the ribs connecting the two face plates. Since a large load acts on the vertical ribs in a concentrated manner, it is necessary to increase the plate thickness. For this reason, there is a limit in reducing the weight of the joint.
[0006]
Moreover, this vertical rib is examined from another viewpoint. It is known that when an out-of-plane bending force is applied to a hollow shape member, a portion that is dominant in the overall rigidity is a rib. In order to improve the rigidity with respect to the out-of-plane bending force, it is desirable to arrange the ribs in the direction of 45 degrees with respect to the face plate which is the main stress direction of the shearing force. However, the vertical rib perpendicular to the two face plates hardly contributes as a strength member.
[0007]
From the above, the vertical ribs need to increase the plate thickness in order to support the insertion force at the time of friction stir welding in spite of little contribution to the improvement of rigidity when using the structure as a strength member. It is difficult to reduce the weight of the joint.
[0008]
An object of the present invention is to provide a lightweight and highly rigid structure.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The above-mentioned object is a hollow shape member having a truss structure in which two face plates are connected by a plurality of ribs, and the end portion of one face plate is closer to the end portion side of the hollow shape member than the end portion of the other face plate A first rib connecting the end of the one face plate and the end of the other face plate, and a second rib connecting the middle of the one face plate and the end of the other face plate A hollow member having a truss structure in which two face plates are connected by a plurality of ribs, the end of one face plate being the other A first rib that protrudes from the end of the face plate toward the end of the hollow shape member, connects the end of the one face plate and the end of the other face plate, and the middle of the one face plate second in forming the truss has a second rib parallel to the second rib of said first hollow shape member for connecting the ends of the other surface plate A shape member is prepared, and an end portion of the one face plate of the first hollow shape member is joined to an end portion of the other face plate of the second hollow shape member, and the first hollow shape member the other face plate end and a match against an end of said one surface plate of said second hollow shape member Rukoto of the achievable.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The vehicle body 200 includes a side structure 201 that constitutes a side surface, a roof structure 202 that constitutes a roof, a frame 203 that constitutes a floor, and a wife structure 204 that constitutes an end portion in the longitudinal direction. The side structure 201, the roof structure 202, and the underframe 203 are each configured by joining a plurality of extruded shapes. The longitudinal direction of the extruded shape member is the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. The extruded shape is a hollow shape made of an aluminum alloy.
[0011]
The structure and joining method of the hollow shape members 10 and 20 constituting the side structure 201 will be described. The same applies to other parts and other structures.
[0012]
The hollow members 10 and 20 include two face plates 11, 12, 21 and 22 and a plurality of ribs 13 and 23 arranged in a truss shape. The two face plates 11, 12 (21, 22) are substantially parallel. The pitch of the truss by the ribs 13 and 23 is the same. The truss is constituted by the center line of the plate thickness of the ribs 13 and 23 and the face plates 11, 12, 21 and 22. The apex is on the face plate 11, 12, 21, 22 side. The vertices are indicated by black circles.
[0013]
Rails 19 and 29 for attaching devices are integrally provided near the apex of the truss inside the vehicle. The rails 19 and 29 are composed of two L-shaped members. The rail serves as a mounting seat for equipment such as interior boards and chairs.
[0014]
The structure of the joint part of the hollow shape members 10 and 20 will be described. A rib 13A constituting one side of the truss is provided at the end of the hollow profile 10. The end of the face plate 12 protrudes from the end of the face plate 11 to the end side (the adjacent hollow shape member 20 side). The end rib 13 </ b> A connects the end of the face plate 11 and the end of the face plate 12. There is a rib 13 </ b> B that connects the end of the face plate 11 and the face plate 12. The ribs 13A and 13B constitute an isosceles triangle truss. The other truss is also an isosceles triangle truss.
[0015]
The end portion of the face plate 21 of the hollow shape member 20 protrudes to the end portion side (the adjacent hollow shape member 10 side) from the end portion of the face plate 22. There is no rib connecting the end of the face plate 21 and the end of the face plate 22.
[0016]
The inner side of the end portion of the face plate 21 overlaps with a seat 17 protruding from the rib 13A. The seat 17 is provided on the rib 13A near the intersection of the ribs 13A and 13B. The inside of the end portion of the face plate 12 overlaps with a seat 27 that protrudes from the end portion of the face plate 22.
[0017]
When the two hollow members 10 and 20 are brought into contact with each other, the ribs 23B and 13A and the face plate 21 constitute an isosceles triangle truss. The size of this truss is the same as the size of other trusses. Other trusses are also isosceles triangles.
[0018]
Convex portions 15, 25, 16, and 26 are provided on the outer surface side of the butted portion. The height and width of the convex portions 15, 25, 16, and 26 are the same. This butted portion is friction stir welded. The plate thickness of the ribs 13A, 13B, and 23B is thicker than the plate thickness of the ribs 13 and 23 in other portions. The abutting surface is on the vertical line (the line along the normal of the face plate) of the apex of the truss formed by the ribs 13A, 13B, 23B and the face plates 12, 22. In practice, the axis of the rotary tool 250 is positioned on a vertical line near the apex of the truss from the accuracy of the position of the rotary tool 250.
[0019]
The hollow members 10 and 20 are placed on the bed 240 with the face plates 12 and 22 facing downward. The rotary tool 250 is inserted into the joint from above and friction stir welding is performed.
[0020]
The butted surfaces 15 b and 26 b of the convex portions 15, 25, 16 and 26 are perpendicular to the face plates 11 and 22. The butt surface is also perpendicular to the corresponding member. The vertical surfaces 15b and 26b and the upper surfaces of the seats 17 and 27 form a recess. The recess is open to the surface along the face plates 11 and 22 and the end side of the hollow shape members 10 and 20.
[0021]
The abutting surfaces 15 b and 26 b are orthogonal to the face plates 11, 12, 21 and 22. That is, it is along the normal of the face plate. The butting surfaces 15b and 26b are along the thickness direction of the hollow members 10 and 20.
[0022]
The positions of the butted surfaces 15b and 26b are located on the other end side of the hollow shape members 10 and 20 with respect to the normal passing through the apex of the truss. When the abutting surfaces 15b and 26b are on the normal passing through the apex of the truss and the end portions of the other face plates 21 and 12 are short (within tolerance), the insertion position of the rotary tool 250 is the other. This is to approach the face plate side. In this case, the load on the rib on the approaching side may be excessive. The widths of the two convex portions 15 and 25 (16 and 26) are detected, and the axis of the rotary tool 250 is aligned with the center thereof.
[0023]
A method for manufacturing this structure will be described. The hollow members 10 and 20 are placed on a bed 240 and fixed. The abutting portions of the end portions of the face plates 11 and 21 (12 and 22) are in contact or close to each other. The convex portions 15 and 25 of the butted portion of the face plates 11 and 21 on the upper surface side are temporarily fixed by arc welding from above. Temporary welding is intermittent.
[0024]
The convex portions 16 and 26 are placed on the bed 240. The vicinity of the intersection between the rib 23 </ b> B and the face plate 22 is also placed on the bed 240.
[0025]
In this state, in a state where the rotary tool 250 of the friction stir welding apparatus is inserted from above into the butted portions of the convex portions 15 and 25, the rotary tool 250 is moved along the joining line to perform friction stir welding. The axis of the rotary tool 250 is in the vertical direction. However, the axis is inclined in a known manner with respect to the traveling direction of the rotary tool 250. The widths of the two convex portions 15 and 25 are detected, and the axis of the rotary tool 250 is positioned at the center thereof.
[0026]
The rotary tool 250 includes a large diameter portion 252 and a small diameter portion 251 at the tip thereof. The tip of the small diameter portion 251 is inserted deeper than the upper surface of the seat 17. The lower end of the large-diameter portion 252 is located between the tops of the convex portions 15 and 25 and the outer surfaces of the face plates 11 and 21. The diameter of the large diameter portion 252 is smaller than the width formed by the two convex portions 15 and 25. The small diameter portion 251 is a screw.
[0027]
By this friction stir welding, the gap between the butted portions of the face plates 11 and 21 is filled and joined.
[0028]
Next, this structure is inverted and placed on the bed 240. Temporary fixing is performed by arc welding from above the convex portions 16 and 26. Next, friction stir welding is performed with the rotary tool 250 from above the convex portions 16 and 26. The friction stir welding is the same as described above.
[0029]
Finally, the convex portion on the outer surface side of the vehicle body is cut to be flush with the face plate.
[0030]
According to this, the axis of the rotary tool 250 is on the vertical line passing through the apex of the truss or the vicinity thereof by the two ribs 13A, 13B (13A, 23B). The insertion force at the time of joining is supported by two ribs 13A and 13B (13A and 23B) arranged toward the axis of the rotary tool 250. For this reason, the bending of the ribs 13A, 13B, and 23B can be suppressed. The plate thickness of 13A, 13B, and 23B can be reduced and the weight can be reduced. Of course, the bending of the face plates 11 and 21 can also be suppressed. The plate thickness of the ribs 13A, 13B, and 23B is larger than the plate thickness of the other ribs 13 and 23.
[0031]
Since there is the bed 240 that supports the ribs 13A, 13B, and 23B, the face plate can be prevented from bending.
[0032]
In addition, considering the case of using the structure as a structure after joining, substantially all are constituted by a truss structure. For this reason, the out-of-plane bending rigidity is improved and the weight can be reduced.
[0033]
The apex by the two ribs 13A and 13B (13A and 23B) may be on the outer surface side of the face plates 11 and 21.
[0034]
Although the joining of the said Example is performed by friction stir welding, you may perform any one joining or both joining by arc welding. In the case of arc welding, since there is no load at the time of joining, the ribs 13A, 13B, and 23B will be thin.
[0035]
The upper surface of the projecting seat 27 and the lower surface of the seat 17 may be inclined.
[0036]
In the above-described embodiment, the face plates 11, 12, 21, and 22 are parallel to each other, but the case where one face plate is inclined with respect to the other face plate can also be handled.
[0037]
FIG. 4 shows a case where the normal line of the face plate of the joint portion is inclined. One end of the hollow shape member 10 is horizontal. The hollow members 10 and 20 are placed on the bed 240. This is likely to occur at the joining line at the end of the side structure 201. In this case, the axis of the rotating body is along the normal of the face plate. This normal passes near the truss apex. Arrows indicate the position and direction of the rotary tool 250.
[0038]
The embodiment of FIG. 5 will be described. The hollow shape member 20 is a block-shaped member 30. It does not matter whether the member 30 is hollow. Others are similar to the embodiment of FIG. When the member 30 is a hollow shape member, the seat 27 is provided on a rib connecting the convex portion 26 and the face plate 21. The rib is substantially orthogonal to the face plate 11 (along the normal of the face plate). The face plate 21 is substantially along the extended line of the face plate 11.
[0039]
The embodiment of FIG. 6 will be described. The hollow shape member 20 of FIG. 1 does not have a rib connecting the end of the face plate 21 and the end of the face plate 22. On the other hand, there are convex portions 25 and 26 at the end of the face plate. For this reason, manufacture of the convex part 25 is difficult. The embodiment of FIG. 6 aims to improve this. There is a rib 23 </ b> A that connects the end of the face plate 21 and the end of the face plate 22. The ribs 23A and 23B and the face plate 21 constitute an isosceles triangle. According to this, the insertion force is supported by the two ribs. The plate thickness of the ribs 13A, 13B, 23A, and 23B can be reduced. After manufacturing the hollow member 20, the rib 23A can be removed, and then friction stir welding can be performed as shown in FIG.
[0040]
In the embodiment of FIG. 7, the rib 23A is provided close to the end of the hollow shape member. An isosceles triangle is formed from the center line of the rib 23A and the center line of the rib 13B. The axial center of the rotary tool 250 is on a vertical line passing through the intersection of both center lines. According to this, insertion force can be supported more by three ribs.
[0041]
In the embodiment of FIG. 8, the insertion position of the rotary tool 250 is between two intersections.
[0042]
The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the language described in each claim of the claims or the language described in the means for solving the problem, and is also within a range easily replaced by those skilled in the art. It extends.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, since the vicinity of the apex of the truss by the two ribs connecting the two face plates is joined as the joining portion, a lightweight and highly rigid structure can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of a joint part according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a set of hollow profiles according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a vehicle body of a railway vehicle.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of another embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
10, 20 Hollow profile 11, 12, 21, 22 Face plates 13, 13A, 13B, 23, 23A, 23B Ribs 17, 27 Seat 201 Side structure 202 Roof structure 203 Underframe 240 Bed 250 Rotating tool

Claims (2)

A hollow shape member having a truss structure in which two face plates are connected by a plurality of ribs, and an end portion of one face plate protrudes from an end portion of the other face plate toward the end portion side of the hollow shape member. The first rib connecting the end of the one face plate and the end of the other face plate, and the second rib connecting the end of the one face plate and the end of the other face plate. Preparing a first hollow profile forming a truss;
A hollow shape member having a truss structure in which two face plates are connected by a plurality of ribs, and an end portion of one face plate protrudes from an end portion of the other face plate toward the end portion side of the hollow shape member. The first rib connecting the end of the one face plate and the end of the other face plate, and the first hollow profile connecting the middle of the one face plate and the end of the other face plate Providing a second hollow profile having a second rib parallel to the second rib to form a truss ;
The end of the one face plate of the first hollow profile is joined to the end of the other face plate of the second hollow profile, and the end of the other face plate of the first hollow profile Rukoto to match against a part on the end portion of the one surface plate of said second hollow shape member,
A method of manufacturing a structure characterized by the above. A hollow shape member having a truss structure in which two face plates are connected by a plurality of ribs, and an end portion of one face plate protrudes from an end portion of the other face plate toward the end portion side of the hollow shape member. The first rib connecting the end of the one face plate and the end of the other face plate, and the second rib connecting the end of the one face plate and the end of the other face plate. A first hollow profile forming a truss;
A hollow shape member having a truss structure in which two face plates are connected by a plurality of ribs, and an end portion of one face plate protrudes from an end portion of the other face plate toward the end portion side of the hollow shape member. The first rib connecting the end of the one face plate and the end of the other face plate, and the first hollow profile connecting the middle of the one face plate and the end of the other face plate wherein comprises a second hollow profile to form a truss with a second rib parallel to the second rib,
The end of the one face plate of the first hollow profile is joined to the end of the other face plate of the second hollow profile, and the end of the other face plate of the first hollow profile part that the not joined to an end portion of the one surface plate of said second hollow shape member,
Structure, wherein a call.

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