JPH0928182A - Culture of spawn in mushroom growing and loader for mushroom bed block - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make the culture level of mushroom spawns or mycelia even and increase its operation efficiency. SOLUTION: Four blocks of inoculated mushroom mycelial bed are placed in the container 25 whose upper face is opened so that they have spaces enough for air to pass through and these containers are conveyed by the roller conveyer 40 to the stacker 26 where the containers are stacked in order on the rack pallets 41 having the plural shelves to which the bed blocks can be stacked in plural steps in the vertical direction. The rack pallets loaded with containers are conveyed in the culturing chamber 2, the rack pallets are stably arranged in the culturing chamber and the spawns or mycelia are cultured, as the mycelial beds stay on the rack pallets.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for culturing a mushroom inoculum in a fungal bed block in cultivating mushrooms such as shiitake mushrooms, maitake mushrooms, shimeji mushrooms, nameko mushrooms, chestnut mushrooms, and only mushrooms. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for cultivating an inoculum suitable for shiitake cultivation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the conventional mushroom cultivation using a fungal bed block, for example, shiitake cultivation, after inoculating the inoculum of the shiitake mushroom into the fungus bed block inside the bag, the opening of the bag is sealed and the fungus bed block is closed. Is placed on a trolley and transported to the culture room. A shelf for cultivating the fungal bed block is installed in the culturing chamber, and the fungal bed block transported by a trolley is manually placed on the culturing shelf. When placing the bacterial bed blocks on the shelves in the culture chamber, it is necessary to place them at a predetermined interval from each bacterial bed block so that the air permeability is improved and the culture can be performed in a short period of time. I won't.

When transferring the cultivated bacterial bed block to the generation chamber, an operator manually takes out the cultivated bacterial bed block and transfers it.

[0004]

However, since the operator places the fungal bed blocks inoculated with the inoculum on the culture shelves one after another from the trolley while keeping a predetermined interval, the work efficiency is high. Not only is it difficult to improve, but it has to be placed on a culture shelf that is much taller than the worker's height, which is a heavy labor.

In addition, when the bacterial bed blocks are placed one by one on the culture shelf, the number of bacterial bed blocks to be cultured decreases if the intervals between the bacterial bed blocks are too wide. There is a problem that the area cannot be effectively utilized, and if the interval is too narrow, good air permeability cannot be obtained, and the culture time is prolonged. Therefore, when placing the bacterial bed block removed from the trolley on the culture shelf, it is necessary to pay attention to the interval.

[0006] Furthermore, if the intervals between the fungal bed blocks are not uniform, the air permeability that greatly affects the culturing speed becomes uneven, so that the fungal bed blocks were inoculated on the same day and placed on the same culture shelf. However, the progress of the culture will be scattered. If the progress of the culture of the bacterial bed blocks cultivated on the same culture shelf becomes uneven, the time to move to the germination process performed in the subsequent generation chamber must be adjusted according to the degree of culture, which complicates the work. Will end up.

[0007] Further, if the fungal bed block placed on the same culture shelf is transferred to the sprouting step ignoring the degree of culturing, the germination time varies depending on the fungal bed block. Will be separated and the harvesting time will be significantly delayed, which will cause a decrease in work efficiency.

[0008] As described above, the operation of placing the inoculated fungal bed block on the culture shelf in the culture room requires skill, and if an unskilled worker performs it, the subsequent germination and growth become uneven, and the harvest The amount will also decrease. Also, when transferring the cultured bed blocks to the generation chamber, it is necessary to manually remove the cultured bed blocks one by one from the culture shelf, which makes it difficult to improve work efficiency. there were.

[0009] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for culturing fungi in mushroom cultivation, which can make the degree of culturing of seed bacteria uniform and can easily enhance the working efficiency.

[0010]

The present invention has been proposed in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, and a method of inoculum culture comprises a mixture of sawdust, a nutritional material and water, which is a breathable bag. The bag filling process of filling the body into a fungal bed block, the sterilization process of heating and sterilizing the fungus bed block created in the bag filling process in the heating chamber together with the bag body, and the sterilized fungal bed block,
Inoculate this inoculum that can be opened with the opening of the bag body,
Inoculation step of sealing the opening of the bag, and placing a plurality of inoculated fungal bed blocks in a container with an open upper surface, with aeration intervals, respectively A container shelf for sequentially transporting the transported containers to a rack pallet having a transporting step of transporting to the shelving device and a rack capable of stacking a plurality of containers in a vertical direction at predetermined vertical intervals. A stacking process, a process of transporting the rack pallets loaded with containers to the culture chamber, and a culture process of arranging the transported rack pallets in the culture chamber and laying them down, and culturing the mushroom inoculum with the bacterial bed block loaded on the rack pallet. And a method for culturing fungi in mushroom cultivation.

Then, it is desirable to mark in advance on the bottom surface of the container a mark indicating the position where the fungal bed block is placed.

Further, the fungal bed block loading device has a chuck for holding the fungal bed block, a moving mechanism for moving the chuck vertically and horizontally, and a container is placed and rotated to a predetermined angle. The container comprises a turntable, and the container has a rectangular shape in which one side of the bottom surface has at least a length obtained by adding the length of the long side of the bottom surface of the fungal bed block, the length of the short side, and the aeration interval length. , A member whose upper surface is open, and the center of the bottom surface of the container is aligned with the center of the turntable, and the fungus bed block mounting position by the chuck is located outside the center of the container and at the center of the container. The corner of the fungus bed block farthest from is closer to the corner of the container than the other corner of the fungus bed block, between one short side of the fungus bed block and the side edge of the container, Bacterial bed The short side length and the ventilation gap length length plus the click is characterized in that it has set at least leave position.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway plan view of a fungus bed shiitake cultivation facility (fundus shiitake cultivation center) 1. This fungi bed shiitake cultivation facility is located adjacent to a vast culture room 2 from sawdust to a fungus bed. A facility is installed to carry out the steps from manufacturing blocks to planting seeds.

Reference numeral 3 in FIG. 1 indicates a yard for storing sawdust. A fungal bed production line 4 is installed from the side of the sawdust yard 3, a high-pressure sterilization kettle 5 is installed as a heating chamber in the vicinity of the end of the fungal bed production line 4, and is placed adjacent to the outlet side of the high-pressure sterilization kettle 5 and released. A cold room 6 is provided, and an inoculation room 7 is provided adjacent to the cold room 6. The space between the sawdust storage 3 and the high-pressure sterilization kettle 5 is a space for placing an empty cart 9.

Next, each step will be described in order. First, the bag packing step for making the fungal bed block 10 will be described.

A mixer 11 is provided at one end of the bacterial bed production line 4.
Are connected by a belt conveyor 12, and the sawdust, which is the main material of the fungal bed block 10, is added to the mixer 11, and a predetermined amount of nutrients and water are added and mixed. In addition, sawdust is powder of broad-leaved trees such as Nara, Kunugi, Shii, etc., and the nutritional supplement is, for example, bran, as long as it contains nutrients necessary for mushroom growth. It may be something like this. Then, the mixture mixed according to the predetermined mixing ratio is conveyed to the sawdust bag packing machine 14 by the belt conveyor 13, and the sawdust bag packing machine 14 packs a predetermined amount of the mixture into the culture bag body 15. Then, it is pressed into a predetermined shape and molded into the fungal bed block 10.

As shown in FIG. 2, the bag body 15 is formed by molding a synthetic resin sheet such as polyethylene into a bag-like body having an opening, and the window portion opened at a part of the side surface is made of a nonwoven fabric 16. It is configured so as to have air permeability by blocking and also to prevent invasion of various bacteria. When the mixture is put into the bag body 15 to form the fungal bed block 10,
Its shape is generally a rectangular parallelepiped, but it may be formed into a cylindrical body.

The fungal bed block 10 produced by the sawdust bag packing machine 14 is conveyed by the belt conveyor 17, and the upper end opening of the bag body 15 is folded back by a worker 18 during or after the conveyance. Then, it is temporarily fixed with adhesive tape or stapler, and the bag filling process is completed. The work of temporarily fixing the opening of the bag body 15 may be performed during the transportation by the belt conveyor 17, but it is more efficient to perform it on the work table 19.

The bacterial bed block 10 thus packed in a bag and placed in a block is placed on a trolley 9 prepared on the downstream side of the bacterial bed production line 4. When the fungus bed block 10 is fully loaded on the trolley 9, the trolley 9 is carried into the high-pressure sterilization kettle 5 and the sterilization process is started. It should be noted that a plurality of fungal bed blocks 10 may be placed on the trolley 9 while being placed in a plurality of containers.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the high-pressure sterilizer 5 for performing the sterilization process has an inlet 5a on one wall and an outlet 5b on the other wall adjacent to the cooling chamber 6. The carriage 9 transferred from the bag filling process can be carried in through the entrance 5a. The carriages 9 are arranged in the high-pressure sterilization kettle 5, and when the carriages 9 are arranged as planned, the doors of the entrance 5a and the exit 5b are closed. Then, the high-pressure sterilization kettle 5 is filled with high temperature steam from the boiler 20, and the fungal bed block 10 is kept together with the bag body 15 for a predetermined time (for example, about 4 degrees at about 120 degrees Celsius).
Heat for 3 hours to sterilize. The time and temperature required for sterilization are appropriately adjusted depending on the number of the bacterial bed blocks 10. Further, the sterilization process is not limited to the pressure sterilization by the high-pressure sterilization kettle 5 as long as it can kill miscellaneous bacteria. For example, it may be sterilized by heating at normal pressure at 98 to 100 degrees Celsius for about 8 hours.

The bacterial bed block 10 sterilized in this manner
Is still hot even if heating is stopped, so the trolley 9 and the exit 5b
To the adjacent cooling chamber 6 and is gradually cooled in the cooling chamber 6 to end the sterilization process. In addition, the cooling room 6 has an air conditioner 21.
Room temperature is adjusted to 15-18 degrees Celsius. Then, the fungus bed block 10 that has undergone the sterilization process is carried to the next inoculation chamber 7 together with the trolley 9 and moves to the inoculation process.

The inoculation chamber 7 is adjusted to be a so-called clean room, and is configured to prevent bacteria and the like from adhering to the fungal bed block 10. The carriage 9 carried from the cooling chamber 6 is lined up in the inoculation chamber 7, and the workbench 22 and the clean bench 23 are arranged side by side next to them. The fungal bed blocks 10 sequentially taken out from the trolley 9 are placed on the workbench 22, where the bag 1
The opening 5 is opened, and then the inoculum of Shiitake mushroom is inoculated on the clean bench 23 into the fungal bed block 10 in the bag 15 through the opened opening. Then, the inoculated fungal bed block 10 is hermetically sealed by heat-sealing the opening with a heat sealer 24.

The bacterial bed block 10 after the inoculation step is
A plurality of containers 25 are placed in a rectangular container 25 having an open upper surface with a ventilation space between adjacent fungal bed blocks 10, and the containers 25 are transferred to a shelving device 26 by a transfer means. (Transport process).

The container 25 has at least one side length of the bottom surface, which is the sum of the length of the long side and the length of the short side of the bottom surface of the fungal bed block 10 and the length of the aeration interval. The container 25 shown in FIG. 3 is a shallow box having a square bottom surface, and has a size capable of mounting four bacterial bed blocks 10. For example, a fungal bed block 10 formed in a horizontally long rectangular parallelepiped
Assuming that the long side is L, the short side is W, the height is H, and the ventilation interval is D, the length of one side of the container 25 is S = L + W + D + 2.
Set to d. Note that d is the distance between the side wall of the container 25 and the fungal bed block 10. If the height of the side wall is low, this distance d is sufficient because a ventilation distance is ensured between the bacterial floor block 10 in the adjacent container 25 and d.
= 0.5D may be set. Therefore, container 2
The length S of one side of the bottom surface of 5 is from L + W + 3D to L + W +
It is desirable to set in the range of 2D.

In order to mount four bacterial bed blocks 10 in the container 25 having such a structure, the long side of the first bacterial bed block 10a should be spaced by a distance d along one side (side wall) S1 of the container 25. And the short sides are parallel to each other along the other side S2 with a space d therebetween.
The fungal bed block 10a is placed with one end corner located near the corner of the container 25. When the first fungus bed block 10a is placed in this manner, the first fungus bed block 10 is placed.
D + between the short side at the other end of a and one side S4 of the container 25
There is a space of W + d. Therefore, the second bacterial bed block 10 is placed at an angle orthogonal to the first bacterial bed block 10a and with a ventilation interval D. In this case, the short side at one end of the second fungal bed block 10b is connected to one side S1 to d of the container 25.
Separate and parallelize. In this way, the second fungal bed block 1
When 0b is placed, the outer long side of the second fungal bed block 10b and the one side S4 of the container 25 are parallel to each other with a space d therebetween, and the short side of the other end of the second fungal bed block 10b. There is a space of D + W + d between the side of the container 25 and S3. Therefore, the 3rd fungal bed block 10c can be mounted here. Similarly, the fourth fungal bed block 10d can be placed between the other end of the third fungal bed block 10c and one side S2 of the container 25.

When the four fungal bed blocks 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d are sequentially placed on the container 25 in this manner, an aeration interval D is secured between adjacent fungal bed blocks 10 and each fungus is kept. A space d is secured between the floor block 10 and the side wall of the container 25.

It is not necessary that the intervals D and d when the bacterial bed block 10 is placed on the container 25 are strict, but it is desirable that the bacterial block 10 can be placed as accurately and easily as possible. Therefore, a mark indicating a predetermined position is previously marked on the bottom surface of the container 25 on which the fungal bed block 10 is placed, and when the mark is set as a target, the mark is accurately and quickly positioned at the predetermined position. Can be placed. The mark may be indicated by a target line 27 such as a ridge or groove according to the shape of the bottom surface of the fungal bed block 10, or may be indicated by a point such as a dent or a small protrusion.

Since the work for placing the inoculated fungal bed block 10 in the container 25 is carried out at a height that is easy to work by using the work table 28, it does not cause heavy labor. However, the fungal bed block 10 is placed on the container 25.
The work of placing the can be further mechanized by mechanization.

For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the inoculated fungal bed block 10 is conveyed by a conveyance means such as a roller conveyor 31 in a state in which the postures and directions are aligned and aligned. Then, the bacterial bed block 10 is placed at a predetermined position in the container 25 by the bacterial bed block loading device 32.

The fungal bed block loading device 32 has a chuck for holding the fungal bed block 10, a moving mechanism for moving the chuck in the vertical and horizontal directions, and a container 25 placed on the chuck 32 to turn it at a predetermined angle. A turntable that moves, and with the center of the bottom surface of the container 25 aligned with the center of the turntable, the fungus bed block mounting position by the chuck is outside the center of the container, and from the center of the container. The corner of the farthest fungus bed block is closer to the corner of the container than the other corners of the fungus bed block, and the fungus is placed between one short side of the fungus bed block and the side edge of the container. The floor block is set at a position where at least the length obtained by adding the short side length and the ventilation interval length is left.

The bacterial bed block loading device 32 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 rotates the container 25 by a predetermined angle with an arm 34 having a holding chuck 33 for laterally opening and closing and holding the upper part of the bacterial bed block 10. Turntable 35
And are the main components. The arm 34 is configured to be movable vertically and horizontally by a moving mechanism including a servo motor, a cylinder, and a transmission mechanism.
A position detector or the like can control the tip of the arm 34 to surely move to a predetermined position. The holding chuck 33 can be opened and closed by driving an electromagnetic solenoid or the like. Although the arm 34 is configured to move along the rail 36 in the illustrated embodiment, it may be configured to rotate about the base end of the arm 34. Further, the chuck may have any structure as long as it has a function of holding and opening the fungal bed block 10, and may be, for example, a pinch-shaped member that can be opened and closed.

When the fungal bed block 10 conveyed by the roller conveyor 31 reaches the standby position at the end of conveyance,
A detector (not shown) provided at the standby position detects the bacterial bed block 10 and sends a signal, and based on this signal,
With the arm 34 of the bacterial bed block loading device 32 positioned near the standby position, the holding chuck 33 is opened and lowered.
When the gripping chuck 33 descends to a height at which the upper part of the bag body 15 of the fungus bed block 10 located at a predetermined position, that is, the standby position, can be clamped, it is closed and the upper part of the bag body 15 is sandwiched. In this state, the sandwiching chuck 33 rises to lift the fungal bed block 10 together with the bag body 15 to a predetermined height, and the arm 34 moves toward the turntable 35. When the sandwich chuck 33 lifts the bacterial bed block 10, the next bacterial bed block 10 flows down to the vacant standby position and stands by.

A container 25 is placed on the turntable 35.
However, the positional relationship with the turntable 35 is also shown. That is, the center O of the container 25 is aligned with the rotation center of the turntable 35, and the relative rotation angles of the turntable 35 and the container 25 are aligned with each other. The container 25 is set on the turntable 35 in a state where the position of the bacterial bed block to be placed) can be specified.

The bacterial bed block 10 lifted by the movement of the arm 34 is conveyed to the turntable 35, and when it moves to a predetermined position, the movement of the arm 34 is based on a signal from a position detector (not shown). Stop and
The bacterial bed block 10 stops at a predetermined position of the container 25 (above the bacterial bed block mounting position P1). In this state, after the arm 34 descends to a predetermined position, the holding chuck 33
Opens, and the fungal bed block 10 that has been transported is transferred to the container 25
It is placed at the predetermined placement position P1.

When the bacterial bed block 10 is released, the holding chuck 33 is raised to a predetermined height, and then the arm 34 returns to the roller conveyor 31 to move the next bacterial bed block 10 to the next position.
It is conveyed by repeating the above operation.

In this way, the turntable 35 is rotated 90 degrees by the rotation drive mechanism 35 'driven by the servomotor, the speed reducer, etc. until the arm 34 conveys the next fungal bed block 10. The container 25 is rotated 90 degrees clockwise about the center O. In this way, when the container 25 rotates 90 degrees, the placement position P1 on which the fungal bed block 10 is placed is rotated and moved by 90 degrees and the vacant placement position P2 is changed to the placement position P1. It will move to the position where it was.

The arm 34 conveys the next fungal bed block 10 onto the turntable 35 and stops at a predetermined position.
When the holding chuck 33 is lowered and opened, the next fungal bed block 10 is placed at the placement position P2 of the container 25.

When the above operation is repeated four times, that is, the arm 34 reciprocates four times to convey four bacterial bed blocks 10, and the turntable 35 rotates 90 degrees four times, that is, when the turntable 35 rotates 360 degrees, The fungal bed block 10 is placed on the placement positions P1, P2, P3, and P4 of the container 25, respectively. In short, in the present embodiment, the position at which the arm 34 lowers the fungal bed block 10 is always the same position, and the container 25 is rotated by 90 degrees at this position so that the mounting position is adjusted to a predetermined position. The bacterial bed block 10 is mounted on the floor, and the ventilation space is reliably formed between the mounted bacterial bed blocks 10.

If four bacterial bed blocks 10 are placed in the container 25 by the above operation, the container 2
5 is conveyed by the conveying means to the shelving device 26 (conveying step), and the shelving device 26 sequentially stacks the containers 25 on a rack pallet having a plurality of shelves vertically stackable at predetermined vertical intervals. (Container shelving process).

The conveying means may have any structure as long as it can convey the container 25. In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the roller conveyor 40 is installed in a state in which it is slightly inclined toward the shelving unit 26. is there.

The rack pallet 41 includes the containers 25,
In order to ensure air permeability, a plurality of shelves 42 that can be stacked in a vertical direction are provided at predetermined vertical intervals, and the shelves 42 can be moved by a forklift or the like. The rack pallet 41 shown in FIG. 6 has pillars 43 erected at four corners.
Shelf 42 ... is provided at intervals of 6 steps between the upper and lower shelves 4.
The interval between 2, 42 is set to the size of the height H of the bag 15 of the fungal bed block 10 plus the interval required for ventilation. Then, each shelf 42 is set to a size such that three containers 25 can be placed in three rows in a line. Further, in this embodiment, a base 44 formed in a dish shape or a bowl shape is provided at the lower ends of the pillars 43 at the four corners, and the base 44 can be fitted to the upper ends of the pillars 43. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
Two rack pallets 41 can be piled up.

The shelving unit 26 has columns 45 standing upright, and an elevating member 46 for mounting and elevating three containers 25 is provided between the columns 45.
A pressing member 47 for pushing out 5 is provided so as to be movable in the horizontal direction. The shelving device 26 shown in the drawing has a height corresponding to the container 25 so that the containers 25 can be pushed into the shelves 42 with the rack pallets 41 stacked in two stages. Further, the elevating member 46 is always stopped at the initial position which is a height capable of receiving the container 25 conveyed by the roller conveyor 40. The initial position is preferably at the same height as the lowermost shelf 42 of the rack pallet 41, but is not limited to this and may be set at the same height as the intermediate shelf 42. In addition, the shelving device 2
The control device 6 has preset and stored procedures such as the height of each shelf 42 of the rack pallet 41 and the order of loading on the shelf 42, and the lifting member 46 and the pressing member 47 are operated according to this procedure. .

The container 25 by the roller conveyor 40
Are conveyed in a line, the first, second, and third containers 25 ... Are placed on the elevating member 46, and the fourth container 25 is stopped by a stopper (not shown).
Is stopped at the standby position before being placed on the elevating member 46. In this state, the elevating member 46 ascends under the control of the control device and stops at the same height as the rack 42 of the rack pallet 41 or slightly higher. When the elevating member 46 stops, the pressing member 47 moves forward under the control of the controller to push the container 25 onto the rack 42 of the rack pallet 41. Therefore, the three containers 25 are placed on the rack pallet 41.

The elevating member 46 emptied by pushing out the container 25 descends and returns to the initial position. When the elevating member 46 returns to the initial position and a detector (not shown) detects it, the stopper is disengaged based on the signal from the detector, and the container 25 waiting is allowed to move. Therefore, three containers 25, which have been waiting on the roller conveyor 40 until then, are placed on the elevating member 46.

When three containers 25 are newly placed on the elevating member 46, the stopper stops the subsequent containers 25, and the elevating member 46 is controlled by the control device.
Ascend to the previous shelf 42 and push out the three containers 25 onto the shelf 42. In this way, when the three containers 25 are inserted on the shelf 42, the three containers 25 placed first are pushed by the containers 25 placed later and move to the back, and A total of 6 containers 2 on top
5 is loaded.

When the above operation is repeated once more, nine containers 25 are loaded on the shelf 42,
Fill up.

In this way, the elevating member 46 moves up and down between the initial position and the shelf 42, whereby the roller conveyor 40 is moved.
Shelf 42 of three containers 25 transferred by
When the shelves 42 can be loaded on the upper side and the shelves 42 are full, the next shelf 42 can be loaded with three containers 25 by repeating the same operation. Therefore, when the above operation is repeated, both rack pallets 4
The containers 25 can be sequentially loaded on each of the shelves 42.

While the above description has described one shelving unit 26, in the illustrated embodiment, the roller conveyor 4
Since three shelving units 26 are installed in a state of being connected by 0, and the containers 25 can be loaded on two rack pallets 41 by each shelving unit 26, the containers 25 can be loaded on a total of six rack pallets 41. can do. Then, the container 25 passes through the inside of the shelving apparatus 26 on the front side and is conveyed to the shelving apparatus 26 at the back.

As described above, when the containers 25 are loaded on the rack pallet 41 by the three shelving units 26, if the number of processings per day is exactly six rack pallets, the rack containers 25 are collected at the end. Should be moved to the culturing chamber 2, which improves work efficiency and contributes to labor saving. The present invention is not limited to the number of shelving units 26.

When the loading of the containers 25 on the shelves 42 of the rack pallet 41 is completed as described above, the rack pallet 41 is transported to the culture chamber 2 using a forklift or the like (transporting step).

The rack pallets 41 transported into the culture chamber 2 are arranged on the floor in order and placed in a safe place, and the bacterial bed block 1
The inoculum seeded at 0 is cultured while being loaded on the rack pallet 41 (culturing step). In the present embodiment, since the planned number of treatments per day is 416 rack pallets, the rack pallets 41 are stacked and arranged in two stages. The temperature and humidity inside the culture chamber 2 are adjusted by the action of an air conditioner or a humidifier to suit the culture.

As described above, even when the bacterial bed blocks 10 are transferred by the rack pallet 41 and cultured while being lined up on the floor, the left and right aeration intervals of the fungal bed blocks 10 are already secured when they are placed in the container 25. Therefore, since the upper and lower ventilation intervals are secured at the time of loading on the rack pallet 41, it is not necessary to adjust the ventilation intervals by transferring or changing the position at the time of transportation to the culture chamber 2. . Therefore, it is possible to eliminate the manual work of transporting and transposing using a trolley for the work from inoculation to the storage in the culture room 2.
The work efficiency can be significantly increased.

When the inoculum is sufficiently cultivated under an appropriate temperature and an appropriate humidity, the rack pallet 41 can be lifted by a forklift and transported to the generation chamber or loaded on a truck for shipment. it can. Therefore, it is possible to extremely easily carry and ship the cultivated fungal bed block 10, and it is possible to remarkably improve the work efficiency and contribute to labor saving.

In the above embodiment, four bacterial bed blocks 10 were placed in the container 25 having a square bottom shape.
The present invention is not limited to this.

Further, the bacterial bed block loading device 32 described above
Does not only automatically perform the work of loading the fungal bed block 10 into a predetermined position of the container 25, but can also perform the work of taking out the fungal bed blocks 10 in the container 25 one by one by reversing the work. It also works as a floor block removal device. Therefore, when taking out the bacterial bed blocks 10 one by one from the container 25 in the generating room and arranging them on the generating shelf, the bacterial bed blocks 10 are removed from the container 25.
Can be taken out automatically and the work can be rationalized.

Further, also in the bag packing process and the inoculation process, the automation can be promoted by using the bacterial bed block loading device 32. For example, after the bag 15 is filled with a mixture of sawdust, nutrients and water, the fungal bed blocks 10 are placed in the container 25 by using the fungus bed block loading device 32, four by four. The work can be performed in the same manner as described above. Then, the container 25 is loaded on a trolley 9, conveyed into the high-pressure sterilization kettle 5, sterilized, and the cooled bacterial bed block 25 is loaded into the bacterial bed block loading device 3
It is also possible to take out one by one from the container 25 using the No. 2 and put it on the belt conveyor and send it out to the inoculation step.

For example, in the inoculation line 50 shown in FIG. 8, the fungal bed block loading device 32a is installed as a take-out device near the upstream end of the belt conveyor 51 which is a conveying means, and the downstream end of the belt conveyor 51 is installed. A fungal bed block loading device 32b is installed as a loading device in the vicinity and between the upstream end of the roller conveyor 40 to the shelving device 26, and in the middle of the belt conveyor 51, a bag opening device from the upstream side. 52, an automatic inoculation device 53, and an automatic heat sealer 54 are provided. Container 25 unloaded from trolley 9
The turntable 35a of the fungal bed block loading device 32a
The cell bed block 10 is placed on the turntable 35a by operating the cell bed block loading device 32a, and the cell bed blocks 10 are taken out one by one from the container 25 on the turntable 35a.
Put it on 2.

That is, the sandwiching chuck 33 descends to sandwich the upper part of the bacterial bed block 10 at a predetermined position (a specific position in the container corresponding to the mounting position), and in this state, the sandwiching chuck 33 rises and moves horizontally. Moving in the direction, the fungal bed block 10 is conveyed onto the belt conveyor 51. Then, when it moves to a predetermined position, the holding chuck 33 descends and then opens to move the fungal bed block 10 to the belt conveyor 5
Put it on 1. When one of the fungal bed blocks 10 in the container 25 is taken out in this way, the turntable 35a turns into
The next fungal bed block 10 is positioned at a predetermined position by rotating 0 degree.

Therefore, if the above operation is repeated,
The fungal bed blocks 10 are sequentially taken out from the container 25 placed on the turntable 35a, and the belt conveyor 5
Can be placed on top of 1. The container 25 that has been emptied by removing all the fungal bed blocks 10 is used by the fungal bed block loading device 32b.
Place on 5b directly or once after stacking nearby.

The fungal bed block 10 placed on the belt conveyor 52 is conveyed to the bag opening device 52, and the temporarily fixed opening is opened. The bag opening device 52 has a structure in which the suction cups at the tips are adsorbed to the side surfaces of the opening of the bag 15 by the cylinders on both sides, and in this state, the opening of the bag 15 is opened by separating the suction cups to both sides by driving the cylinder. is there.

The fungus bed block 10 with the opening of the bag 15 is conveyed to the automatic inoculation device 53, and a predetermined amount of inoculum is inoculated to the fungus bed block 10 in the bag 15 by the automatic inoculation device 53. To be When the inoculation is completed, it is conveyed to the automatic heat sealer 54, and the opening of the bag body 15 is heat-sealed. Then, the fungal bed blocks 10 are conveyed to the downstream end of the belt conveyor 51, from which they are sequentially loaded one by one by the fungal bed block loading device 32b into the containers 25 on the turntable with a ventilation interval. It
The container 25 on which the four fungal bed blocks 10 are placed is moved from the turntable 32b to the roller conveyor 4 by manual operation or operation of an automatic device such as a pusher.
It is moved to 0 and sent to the shelving unit 26. Since the operation of the fungus bed block loading device 32b is the same as that described above, the description thereof will be omitted.

Thus, the bacterial bed block loading device 32a,
In the inoculation line 50 incorporating 32b, the operation of taking out the fungal bed block 10 from the container 25, the operation of opening the bag 15, the inoculation operation, and the operation of loading the fungal bed block 10 into the container 25 are mechanically performed. Because you can
The work efficiency can be significantly increased.

[0063]

As described above, according to the present invention, when a plurality of inoculated bacterial bed blocks are placed on a container, they are placed with a ventilation interval and the container is placed in a predetermined space. Since the rack pallets can be stacked on a rack pallet that can be stacked in multiple stages at intervals above and below, the rack pallets are transferred to the cultivation room and the bacterial bed blocks are cultivated while being loaded on the rack pallets, the bacterial bed blocks inoculated with inoculum It is possible to omit the work of placing the cells on the culture shelves one after another while keeping a predetermined space between them, and it is also necessary to transfer the fungal bed block to a shelf that is higher than the worker's height. There is no. That is, the worker is released from heavy labor. Therefore, the work efficiency in culturing the inoculum can be significantly improved, which can greatly contribute to labor saving and rationalization.

If a mark indicating the placement position of the fungal bed block is written on the bottom surface of the container, the fungus bed block can be placed with this mark as a target. It can be reliably formed (claim 2).

The aeration interval between each fungal bed block is
Since it can be set in advance when it is put into the container after inoculation, it is not only easier to work than the conventional method when transferring to a culture shelf, but also the interval of the fungal bed block It is possible to eliminate inconveniences such as that the width is too wide or too narrow, or the intervals are not uniform, and even an inexperienced worker can surely secure an appropriate ventilation interval. Therefore, it is also useful for optimizing the aeration interval between each fungal bed block.

Further, if the aeration intervals between the fungal bed blocks can be adjusted to appropriate intervals, the culture rates of the inoculum of the respective fungal bed blocks will be the same. Since it is possible to make the transition to the same time, it is possible to reduce the time and effort to confirm each one at the time of the transition. Then, in the generation process, germination occurs at almost the same time, and the size of germinated shiitake mushrooms can be easily made uniform, so that the efficiency of harvesting work can be improved.

Further, in the bacterial bed block loading device according to the fourth aspect, the bacterial bed blocks can be sequentially loaded in the container with a predetermined ventilation interval. Therefore, the efficiency of the work of loading the fungal bed block into the container can be significantly increased, and labor can be saved.
It is possible to ensure a predetermined ventilation interval between the bacterial bed blocks.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway plan view of a mushroom bed shiitake culture facility.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a bag-containing fungal bed block.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the container.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the loading / unloading device.

5 is a plan view of the loading / unloading device shown in FIG. 4. FIG.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the shelving device.

7 is a rear view of the shelving device shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view of an inoculation line.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Mushroom Shiitake Cultivation Facility 2 Cultivation Room 3 Oga Station 4 Bacteria Bed Production Line 5 High Pressure Sterilization Kettle as Heating Room 6 Cooling Room 7 Inoculation Room 9 Carriage 10 Mushroom Block 11 Mixer 12, 13, 17 Belt Conveyor 14 Sawdust bagging machine 15 Bag for culture 16 Non-woven fabric for ventilation window 18 Workers 19, 22, 28 Workbench 20 Boiler 21 Air conditioner 23 Clean bench 24 Heat sealer Container container 26 Shelving device 27 Loading of bacterial bed block Target line 31, 40 Roller conveyor 32 Loading / unloading device 33 Clamping chuck 34 Arm 35 Turntable 41 Rack pallet 42 Rack pallet rack 43 Pillar 44 Base 45 Strut 46 Elevating member 47 Pressing member 50 Inoculation Line 51 Belt conveyor 52 Bag opening device 53 Automatic inoculation Location 54 automatic heat sealer

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A bagging step of filling a mixture having a mixture of sawdust, a nutrient and water into a bag having air permeability to form a fungal bed block, and a fungal bed block prepared in the bagging step. Sterilization step of heating and sterilizing the bag body in the heating chamber, and inoculation step of sterilizing the fungus bed block with this inoculum that can open the bag body and sealing the opening of the bag body In the container with the open upper surface, a plurality of inoculated fungal bed blocks are placed with aeration intervals, and the container is transferred to a shelving unit by a transfer means. A rack pallet that has a plurality of racks that can be stacked in a vertical direction with a predetermined vertical gap, and a container stacking process that sequentially stacks the transported containers using a shelving unit, and culture the rack pallets with the containers loaded. Process and the rack pallet has been transported enshrined side by culturing chamber, the culture step of culturing the inoculum of mushrooms while loaded with bacteria bed block rack pallet, seed culture method in mushroom cultivation comprising a transport to. 2. The container is preliminarily marked with a mark indicating the position where the fungus bed block is to be placed, and the fungus bed block is placed with this mark as a target. Inoculum culture method for mushroom cultivation. 3. The method for cultivating inoculum in shiitake cultivation according to claim 1, wherein the inoculum is inoculum of shiitake. 4. A chuck for holding a fungal bed block,
The container is provided with a moving mechanism for moving the chuck vertically and horizontally, and a turntable on which a container is placed and which is rotated by a predetermined angle. Is a rectangular member having at least the length of the long side, the length of the short side, and the length of the ventilation interval, and is a member having an open upper surface, and the center of the bottom surface of the container is aligned with the center of the turntable. In this state, the position of the fungus bed block placed by the chuck is outside the center of the container, and the corner angle of the fungus bed block farthest from the center of the container is different from that of the fungus bed block with respect to the corner angle of the container. Set at a position that is closer than the corner angle of at least one side of the fungus bed block and the side edge of the container, and leaves at least the length of the fungus bed block short side length and the aeration interval length. What you did Bacteria bed block loading device according to symptoms.