JPH09271326A - Moist pellet-type binding agent for diet for fish farming - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a moist pellet-type agent for binding a diet for a fish farming, containing a sodium carboxmethy1 cellulose having each a specific etherfication degree and a 1% aqueous solution viscosity, excellent in shelf life of pellet qualities and capable of forming a single-type moist pellet without containing raw feed. SOLUTION: This moist pellet-type agent for binding a diet for a fish farming comprises a sodium carboxymethy1 cellulose, produced by a method for etherifying a cellulosic raw material with an etherification agent in an organic containing water (the weight ratio of the organic solvent to water is 80/20 to 93/7) by using an alkali in an amount satisfying the formula, 0.85>=(A1 A2 )/E<1.00, in which A1 is the total molar number of the used alkali, A2 is the molar number of the used alkali for neutralizing the etherification agent and E is the molar number of the etherification agent, having 0.55-0.80mol/c6 of an etherification degree and 17,000-20,000cps of a 1% aqueous solution viscosity. A formability, a turbid resistance and a preservation stability of a hardness, etc., are not lowered even when the water content is increased.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a moist pellet-shaped binding agent for fish feed, which does not use live feed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the early 1960s, a fish feed in the form of moist pellets was developed for the cultivation of yellowtail, sea bream, silver salmon, etc., and the reduction of marine pollution compared to the conventional method of feeding raw food as it was. Since it had advantages such as improved feeding efficiency and improved quality of farmed fish, it rapidly spread.

Generally, moist pellets are sardines,
Raw pellets (including frozen ones) such as mackerel and locusts are mixed with a mixed feed containing fish meal, vegetable oil meal, grains, vitamins, minerals, binders, etc., and pelletized. This moist pellet is also called a mixed moist pellet.

The use of a binder is indispensable for the mixed moist pellets, and as the binder, known sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ether (hereinafter abbreviated as CMC), sodium polyacrylate, sodium alginate, guar gum or the like is appropriately selected. Has been used.

[0005] In recent years, the catch of sardines, which is the main fish for live feeding, has been rapidly decreasing. For this reason, it has become difficult to stably obtain raw bait, and until now, the ratio of raw bait and compounded feed had been based on the same amount, but we have taken measures by increasing the ratio of compounded feed. There is. On the other hand, this situation is becoming more severe in remote islands, and it has been predicted that raw bait will not be available at all. Under such circumstances, "single-type moist pellets", which are composed of a compounded feed, an oil / fat raw material and water without using any live feed, have been receiving attention.

This single type moist pellet is composed of a compounded feed (including a binder), a raw material of fats and oils and water without using a raw feed, and is produced by a pelletizing machine similar to an ordinary moist pellet. In general, a single type moist pellet is 100% by weight of compounded feed, 5 to 30% by weight of fat and oil raw material, and 30 to water.
70% by weight. Here, the use of the oil and fat raw material makes up for a considerable amount brought from the raw feed. Also, the use of water is necessary to make the pellets as soft as moist pellets.

As described above, the stand-alone moist pellet is
Basically, by adding an oil / fat raw material and water to the compounded feed instead of the raw feed, there was an advantage that it could be produced by a conventionally used pellet machine.

Recently, in the stand-alone moist pellet, a quality closer to that of the live feed has been required. That is, the pellets have a particularly high water content as compared with the conventional single type moist pellets.

The present inventors have previously described (Japanese Patent Application No. 7-23770).
4) In a single-type moist pellet having a high water content, it is obtained from a compounded feed containing a binder, an oil / fat raw material and ice, and more specifically, an oil / fat raw material is added to and mixed with a compounded feed containing a binder, and then ice is added. After adding and mixing, granulate, etherification degree as a binder 0.6-1.5 mol / c ₆ , 1%
It has been found that the use of CMC having an aqueous solution viscosity of 3000 to 15000 cps can achieve the production of a stand-alone moist pellet having excellent pellet formability and pellet physical properties.

[0010] However, although the above-mentioned technique was suitable for feeding by feeding on a ship or the like, when feeding on land and then transporting to a feeding station and feeding, pellets may be added depending on the season. In some cases, it became soft or inferior in turbidity resistance in seawater.

As a binder for mixed moist pellets, CMC having an etherification degree of 0.6 to less than 0.8 and a 1% aqueous solution viscosity of 9000 cps or more is disclosed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-61545). Gazette). However, the CMC which can be produced by the conventional technique has a 1% aqueous solution viscosity of 1500.
The limit is about 0 cps, and even if such CMC is used for a stand-alone moist pellet having a high water content, there is a drawback that the pellet quality such as turbidity resistance and hardness is poor in storage stability.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a moist pellet-shaped binder for fish feed which is excellent in storage stability of pellet quality and which does not use a raw feed.

[0013]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The inventors of the present invention have found that in a single type moist pellet having a high water content, the degree of etherification is 0.55 to 0.80 mol / c ₆ , and the viscosity of a 1% aqueous solution is 17
It was found that by using a binder containing CMC of 000 to 20000 cps, a single type moist pellet having excellent storage stability of pellet quality can be obtained.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the present invention, a single type moist pellet having a high water content is composed of a compounded feed containing a binder, an oil / fat raw material and water, and it is desirable to use ice as the water.

The binder used in the present invention has a degree of etherification of 0.55 to 0.80 mol / c ₆ , and a viscosity of 1% aqueous solution of 1
It is a binder containing CMC of 7,000 to 20,000 cps. This is because if the etherification degree is less than 0.55 mol / c ₆ , the pellet formability and the pellets are likely to collapse in seawater, resulting in poor turbidity resistance. Further, with CMC of more than 0.80 mol / c ₆ , the pellet quality was not affected, but the viscosity of the 1% aqueous solution could not be stably reached within the numerical range of the present invention. 1% aqueous solution viscosity 17,000
When it is less than cps, the storage stability of the pellet quality is poor, the pellet becomes soft and stickiness becomes a problem, and the turbidity resistance in seawater also becomes a problem. When the viscosity of the 1% aqueous solution was more than 20000 cps, there was no problem with the quality of pellets, but the stable production was 20
This is because it was less than 000 cps.

The CMC of the present invention is CM obtained by etherifying a cellulosic raw material in a water-containing organic solvent.
In the production of C, the weight ratio of the organic solvent and water is 80: 2.
The relation between the total number of moles A1 of the alkali used and the number of moles A2 of the alkali consumed for neutralizing the etherifying agent in the water-containing organic solvent of 0 to 93: 7 is related to the number E of the etherifying agent used. It is preferably obtained by a production method (Japanese Patent Application No. 8-19748) satisfying the formula 0.85 ≦ (A1-A2) / E <1.00.

The compounded feed comprises animal feed raw materials, plant feed raw materials, vitamins, minerals and the like. Animal feed materials include fish meal, meat meal, bone meat, blood meal, Antarctic krill meal, squid meal and the like. Examples of the vegetable feed raw material include oil meal, soybean meal, soybean meal, wheat flour, defatted rice bran, gluten meal and the like. As vitamins, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, etc. are used. As the minerals, calcium, potassium, sodium and the like are used as required.

The oil / fat raw material is a source of calories, and examples thereof include cod liver oil, Alaska pollack liver oil, sardine oil, beef tallow, lard, soybean oil, cottonseed oil and the like, and the amount of addition depends on the target fish species, body length and season. Although arbitrarily determined, it is generally sufficient to add 10 to 50% by weight to the mixed feed.

The reason why it is preferable to use ice is that the moldability and the physical properties of the pellet are improved even if the water content of the pellet is made higher than that of the conventional single type moist pellet. In the present invention, the amount of water including ice is the amount of water. It is desirable to add more than 70% by weight of ice to the mixed feed, but depending on the fish species, body length, season, etc.
It may be appropriately determined within the range of 0% by weight or less.

The kneading method is preferably a method in which oil and fat raw materials are added and mixed with a compounded feed containing a binder, and then ice is added and mixed, followed by granulation. It should be noted that prior to pelletizing the kneaded product, the kneaded product is formed into a frozen block and then kneaded again to be pelletized.

In the present invention, CMC is 1 to 7 relative to the compounded feed.
Preferably, it is used in the range of weight percent. If it is less than 1% by weight, problems such as moldability of pellets, physical properties of pellets, and soft finish of pellets occur, which are not preferable. If it exceeds 7% by weight, it is economically disadvantageous, which is not preferable.

As described above, the present invention is achieved when a specific CMC is used as a binder. It should be noted that other binders usually used in the present invention, such as guar gum, sodium alginate and sodium polyacrylate, may be used depending on the situation.
Further, there is no problem in using the CMC of the present invention as a binder for mixed moist pellets.

The method of measuring the quality of CMC used in the present invention is as follows. (1) 1% aqueous solution viscosity 10 g of CMC (anhydrous) was precisely weighed, put in a 1000 ml beaker, added with 990 g of pure water, stirred using a triangle stir bar and dissolved to bring the liquid temperature to 25 ± 0.2 ° C. Adjust and use a BH type viscometer (Tokyo Keiki Co., Ltd.) to rotate at 20
Read the viscosity after spinning at rpm for 3 minutes. (2) Degree of etherification 1.0 g of CMC (anhydrous) is precisely weighed and placed in a platinum dish to give 5
Ash at 50-600 ° C, titrate sodium oxide produced by ashing with 0.1N sulfuric acid using phenolphthalein as an indicator, and calculate the titration amount Aml by the following formula to determine the degree of etherification (mol / c ₆ ). Ask. DS = {162 × A × f} / {10000-80 × A ×
f｝ (where f is the titer of 0.1N sulfuric acid)

[0024]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1 32398 g of IPA and 1002 g of methyl alcohol were added to a biaxial kneader having a capacity of 100 L. Next, a solution obtained by dissolving 2332 g of sodium hydroxide in 6600 g of water was added. Linter pulp with 7% water content (trade name: Buckeye HVE under nitrogen gas atmosphere while keeping the temperature at 25 ° C)
, Buckeye cellulous Corporation) 5376 g. 6 under nitrogen gas atmosphere while maintaining this temperature
Stir and mix for 0 minutes. Then, monochloroacetic acid 288
A solution prepared by dissolving 8 g of IPA 3750 g and water 741 g was added, stirred and mixed for 30 minutes, then heated to 70 ° C. and kept at this temperature for 60 minutes. After cooling, the reaction product was purified twice with 250 L of 65% methylacol, deliquored, dried and ground to obtain CMC. The obtained CMC
The 1% aqueous solution had a viscosity of 18800 cps and an etherification degree of 0.70 mol / c ₆ . 96% by weight of feed material consisting of 80% by weight of fish meal and 20% by weight of wheat flour and CMC3.
5% by weight and 0.5% by weight of sodium polyacrylate (trade name: Aronbis, manufactured by Nippon Pure Chemical Co., Ltd.) were thoroughly mixed to obtain a compounded feed. 10 kg of this compounded feed was put into a granulator manufactured by Mitsuya Co., then 3 kg of soybean oil was added and kneaded for 10 minutes, 10 kg of finely crushed ice was added and kneaded for 20 minutes, and then pelletized. The pellet diameter was 8 mm.

Comparative Example 1 26526 g of IPA and 820 g of methyl alcohol were added to a biaxial kneader having a capacity of 100 L. Next, a solution prepared by dissolving 1900 g of sodium hydroxide in 5404 g of water was added. While maintaining the temperature at 25 ° C, under a nitrogen gas atmosphere,
7% moisture linter pulp (Brand name: Buckeye HVE, Bu
ckeye cellulous Corporation) 5376g was charged. While maintaining this temperature, the mixture was stirred and mixed under a nitrogen gas atmosphere for 60 minutes. Then, 2362 g of monochloroacetic acid dissolved in a mixed solution of 3066 g of IPA and 606 g of water was added, and the mixture was stirred and mixed for 30 minutes, then heated to 70 ° C. and kept at this temperature for 60 minutes. After cooling, the reactants were
It was purified twice with 250 L of 5% methyl alcohol, deliquored, dried and pulverized to obtain CMC. 1 of the obtained CMC
% Aqueous solution has a viscosity of 19300 cps and an etherification degree of 0.
It was 53 mol / c ₆ . 80% by weight fish flour and 2 flours
96% by weight of a feed material consisting of 0% by weight, 3.5% by weight of CMC and 0.5% by weight of sodium polyacrylate (trade name: Aronbis, manufactured by Nippon Pure Chemical Co., Ltd.) were well mixed to obtain a compounded feed. . 10 kg of this compounded feed was put into a granulator manufactured by Mitsuya Co., then 3 kg of soybean oil was added and kneaded for 10 minutes, 10 kg of finely crushed ice was added and kneaded for 20 minutes, and then pelletized. The pellet diameter was 8 mm.

Comparative Example 2 Feed material 9 comprising 80% by weight of fish meal and 20% by weight of wheat flour
CMC with 6 wt% and 1% viscosity of 14000 cps and etherification degree of 0.73 mol / c ₆ (trade name: Sunrose F
F-330M (manufactured by Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.) 3.5% by weight and sodium polyacrylate (trade name: Aronbis, manufactured by Nippon Pure Chemical Co., Ltd.) 0.5% by weight were well mixed to obtain a compounded feed. 10 kg of this compounded feed was put into a granulator manufactured by Mitsuya Co., then 3 kg of soybean oil was added and kneaded for 10 minutes, 10 kg of finely crushed ice was added and kneaded for 20 minutes, and then pelletized. The pellet diameter was 8 mm.

Comparative Example 3 Feed material 9 comprising 80% by weight of fish meal and 20% by weight of wheat flour
6% by weight, 1% viscosity 3600 cps, degree of etherification 0.
95 mol / c ₆ CMC (trade name: Sunrose F30
0HC, manufactured by Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.) and 3.5% by weight of sodium polyacrylate (trade name: Aronbis, manufactured by Nippon Pure Chemical Co., Ltd.) were thoroughly mixed to obtain a compounded feed. 10 kg of this compounded feed was put into a granulator manufactured by Mitsuya Co., then 3 kg of soybean oil was added and kneaded for 10 minutes, 10 kg of finely crushed ice was added and kneaded for 20 minutes, and then pelletized. The pellet diameter was 8 mm.

Table 1 shows the properties of the pellets obtained from Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 immediately after granulation and properties after storage at room temperature for 6 hours. Example 1 is a single type moist pellet obtained using the CMC of the present invention. Moldability of pellets, turbidity resistance immediately after granulation, hardness, or 6 at room temperature
The pellet physical properties such as turbidity resistance and hardness after storage for a long time were all good. On the other hand, as shown in Comparative Example 1, even if the viscosity of 1% aqueous solution satisfies the requirements of the present invention and the degree of etherification is less than 0.55, the turbidity resistance is poor even immediately after molding or granulation of pellets. CMC of the present invention as shown in Comparative Examples 2-3
Without using, the pellets had good moldability, turbidity resistance immediately after granulation, and pellet physical properties, but were inferior in turbidity resistance and hardness after storage at room temperature for 6 hours.

[0030]

[Table 1]

[0031]

As described above in detail, when the CMC of the present invention is used as a binder, even if the water content is increased more than the conventional single type moist pellets and the quality is closer to that of raw feed, the pellets It was found that good pellets having excellent pellet quality storage stability such as moldability, turbidity resistance, and hardness can be obtained, and the present invention was completed.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A hydrated organic compound in which a weight ratio of an organic solvent and water is 80:20 to 93: 7 in the production of an alkali salt of carboxymethyl cellulose ether obtained by etherifying a cellulosic raw material in a hydrated organic solvent. When the total number of moles A1 of the alkali used in the solvent and the number of moles A2 of the alkali consumed for neutralizing the etherifying agent are between the number of moles E of the etherifying agent used, the following formula 0.85 ≦ (A1-A2 ) / E <1.00 ... (1), the degree of etherification obtained by the method of 0.55-0.
80 mol / c ₆ , 1% aqueous solution viscosity 17,000-20
A moist pellet-shaped binding agent for fish feed, which does not use a raw feed, characterized by containing sodium carboxymethylcellulose of 000 cps.