JPH09121672A - Blanch culture of welsh onion and light-shielding material therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a blanch cultured welsh onion having excellent quality and taste with simplified work in shortened culture period and improved yield by setting a seedling of welsh onion, erecting a pair of light-shielding members opposite to each other on both sides of the onion and performing efficient blanch cultivation of the welsh onion. SOLUTION: A seedling of a welsh onion to be cultured in blanched state is planted in a setting groove, etc., and grown until the diameter D of the stalk and the length from the top 7 of the root 6 to the plumule B or the leaf sheath 3 of the onion reach respective specific ranges. Light-shielding members 4 shielding the blanching part from light and having air-permeation holes are placed opposite to each other on both sides of the row of the blanch culturing welsh onions. An elastic contacting member 5 movable upward is preferably attached to the top of the light-shielding member 4.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for cultivating soft white onions and a light-shielding material used in the method. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for cultivating soft white onions that can be shielded from light during the growth of soft white onions to improve profits, and a light-shielding material used in the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Soft white onions, which are generally called long onions and white onions, have green leaves and white stems.
The stem needs light during growth and appears green, but it blocks light after growth and makes the stem white. This soft white onion has a clear distinction between green leaves and white stalks, and the texture is softer and the sweetness is higher, the higher the commercial value, the clearer the contrast between green and white. Studies have been conducted to further improve the taste while shortening the growth and cultivation time and increasing the number of cultivations per unit area while maintaining it.

As a conventional method of cultivating white onion, a method of cultivating a stem portion in the ground by embankment is known. This embankment method has a depth and width of 150 to 200 mm when planted.
After digging the trenches at intervals of 800-900 mm, after planting,
3 ~ around the white onion in the groove according to the growth of the white onion.
The soil is returned four times to return the soil from the ridges, and the soil is moved around the white onion several times as the leaf sheath of the white onion extends. Then the white part becomes longer, and it waits until it becomes white and harvests. The number of days from the final soil gathering work to the harvest is about 10 to 20 days.

[0004]

In the embankment method, however, the groove for planting white onions needs to have a wide space between the grooves due to the need for soiling, and the number of cultivations per unit area must be increased. There is a problem that you can not. In addition, it is a big problem that a great deal of labor is required for soil restoration and soil collection. Further, at the time of harvesting, it takes a lot of labor to dig back the groove portion while breaking down the soil that has been soiled by using a rotary claw or a scoop of a hoe or a tiller, and there is a problem that workability is poor. .

In view of the above circumstances, the present invention makes it possible to simplify the work, shorten the cultivation period and increase the yield, and further, the soft white onion excellent in quality and taste. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cultivation method and a light-shielding material used for the cultivation method.

[0006]

The method for cultivating soft white onions of the present invention is a method for cultivating soft white onions in which light reaching a portion to be light-blocked is shielded by using a light-shielding material. After planting, the stem diameter and the length from the vicinity of the upper end of the root of the soft white onion to the shoot or leaf sheath are grown to a value within a predetermined range, and then on both sides of the row of soft white onion. The feature is that the light-shielding members face each other and stand upright.

The cultivating method of the present invention is a method for cultivating soft white onions, which uses a light-shielding material to shield light reaching the portion to be light-whitened. The height from the vicinity of the top of the root to the tip of the soft white onion bud is less than or equal to the height of the top of the abutment part of the shading material, or the height from the top of the root of the soft white onion to the bud or leaf sheath. If the length is less than the shipping standard length, the light-shielding material is erected on both sides of the row of soft white onions, and the soft white onion is adjusted by reducing and adjusting the irradiation light amount to the upper part of the stem including the leaf sheath part. After the leaf sheath portion reaches near the upper end portion of the contact portion of the light shielding material, the upper end portion of the contact portion is brought into contact with the peripheral surface of the upper end portion of the stem portion of the soft white onion to be light-shielded and softened. It has a feature.

Further, the cultivation method of the present invention is a method for cultivating soft white onions, which shields light reaching a portion to be light-whitened by using a light-shielding material. If the height from the top of the root to the tip of the soft white onion bud is (1) approximately equal to or longer than the standard shipping length of the leaf sheath, the light-shielding material on both sides of the row of soft white onions should be used. If the upper end of the abutment is abutted near the upper position of the sprout to stand, or (2) the height of the upper end of the abutment of the light-shielding material is approximately equal to or higher than that, a soft white onion It is characterized in that the upper ends of the contact portions of the light-shielding member are erected on both sides of the row so as to abut on the peripheral surface of the upper end portion of the portion of the stem of the soft white onion to be light-shielded and softened.

In the cultivation method, it is preferable to use a light shielding material having ventilation holes.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, a method for cultivating soft white onions and a light-shielding material used in the method will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing planting and earth filling in an embodiment of the method for cultivating soft white onion of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an illustration showing installation of a light shielding material in one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a book. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the method for cultivating soft white onion of the invention, FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the contact portion of the light shielding material in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a method for cultivating soft white onion of the present invention. 6 is an explanatory view showing a conventional planting position, FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing yet another embodiment of the method for cultivating soft white onions of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a view showing the present invention. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a light-shielding material used in the method for cultivating soft white onion, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the ventilation inlet plate in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1 (a), cultivated land (open field)
, The groove 1 is formed at a narrower interval than the conventional embankment method,
Then, the soft white onion seedlings A are planted in the planting portion 2 of the groove 1. As for the groove digging dimension of the groove 1 in the present invention, the depth T from the open surface W is about 70 to 150 mm, and the planting portion 2
Has a width H of about 100 to 150 mm. The interval L between the grooves 1 is about 300 to 450 mm. The spacing in one row of the seedlings A is, for example, about 30 mm. The dug soil in the trench 1 is piled up as soil for covering soil between the trenches 1. Then, as shown in FIGS. 1 (b) and (c), when the soft white onion buds B have grown to the extent of exceeding the upper end of the groove 1, that is, the exposed ground W, a soil returning operation for returning the covering soil to the groove 1 is performed. . There is a case where the soil is returned more than once. Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), the soft white onion is grown until the stem diameter D and the length N (Na or Nb) of the leaf sheath 3 are within a predetermined range. The predetermined range of the stem diameter D can be appropriately set according to the grade classification at the distribution stage, for example, about 10 to 30 m.
It can be in the range of mφ, preferably about 15 to 25
The range is mmφ. The soft white onion with the stem diameter D within a predetermined range has a length Na from the ground to the leaf sheath 3 of about 100 to 150 mm, and a length from the vicinity of the upper end 7 of the root 6 (shipping standard length). S) Nb is about 200 to 450 mm. When the stem diameter D of the soft white onion and the length N of the leaf sheath 3 have values within a predetermined range, the light shields 4 are placed upright on both sides of the row of the soft white onions to stand almost vertically, and the leaf sheath portion The amount of light irradiated to the upper part of the stem including is reduced and adjusted. Since there is a gap a of about 40 to 100 mm between the contact portions 5 formed at the upper end of the light shielding member 4, the light is in a dimmed state where the light is poured into the soft white onion. The degree of dimming is 90% or less at random (that is, 10% or more of the light is blocked), and preferably 70% or less. In such a dimmed state, the young sprouts B try to grow in search of light, so that the soft white onions grow but the whitening does not progress. Next, as shown in FIG. 2B, after the leaf sheath portion 3 of the soft white onion reaches near the upper end of the contact portion 5, the growth of the soft white onion in the height direction stops. At this time, the contact portion 5 is brought into contact with the peripheral surface of the upper end of the stem portion of the portion of the soft white onion that is to be light-shielded and whitened, and the light directed downward is sufficiently shielded. This makes it possible to obtain a soft white onion in which the light-shielding portion and the non-light-shielding portion on the peripheral surface of the upper end portion of the stem portion are distinct, the softening is sufficient and the length of the softening portion is long. Further, since the soft white onion is supported by the abutting portion 5, the occurrence of bending and bending due to lodging and bending and bending due to wind etc. is reduced, and soil and water do not come into direct contact with the leeks, thereby improving the taste. Harvesting is shallow and can be done easily by hand without using tools. The cultivation period until harvest depends on the size of the planted seedlings, but for example, 3
Within 4 months, the light-shielding material becomes a heat insulating material in the cold season, and the light-shielding material becomes a heat shielding material in the summer so that cultivation can be promoted and cultivation can be performed twice a year. The light shielding material 4 has self-shape retention or self-supporting property. Further, as the material of the contact portion 5, ethylene-based resin foam such as polyethylene, soft urethane foam,
Examples of the sponge include soft foamed polyurethane in terms of cost, air permeability and elasticity.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, in this example, the height Nc from the vicinity of the upper end 11 of the root 10 to the tip of the larva B was grown to be approximately equal to or higher than the shipping standard length Nb of the leaf sheath 13. At this time, the light shielding material 14 is erected so that the contact portion 15 of the light shielding material 14 is near the position of the larva B. The shipping standard length Nb of the leaf sheath 13 is determined depending on the season, the place of origin, etc., but is about 200 to 450 mm, preferably about 250 to 35 mm.
0 mm. The abutting portion 15 in the present embodiment has elasticity so that it can move upward so as to be spread with the growth of the soft white onion so as not to hinder the growth of the soft white onion. The material of the contact portion 15 is the same as the material of the contact portion 5. The contact portion 15 may have a shape in which the inner surface 16 that contacts the soft white onion is formed into a curved shape, as shown in FIG. 4, for example. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the contact portion 5
It comes into contact with the soft white onion that has grown to completely shade it.
In this embodiment, the growth of the soft white onion is utilized to allow the soft white onion itself to be completely shielded from light. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the work of bringing the abutting portion into contact with the soft white onion is unnecessary, and the work can be simplified.

The height Nc to the tip of the larva B is
The height of the upper end of the contact portion 15 of the light shielding member 14, for example, about 25
The light shielding material 14 may be erected so that the contact portion 15 is brought into contact with the peripheral surface of the upper end portion of the portion of the stem portion where the light is to be shielded and softened when the contact portion 15 is grown to be approximately equal to or more than 0 to 350 mm. .

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. This embodiment is different from the above-mentioned embodiment in that soft white onion seedlings are planted directly in a vacant lot without digging trenches in the cultivated land (open field). That is, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), the diameter of the stem portion is about 1 to 10 mm and the length of the leaf sheath portion is about 30 to 100 in the vacant lot.
A soft white onion seedling A having a size of mm is planted. Then, Fig. 5
As shown in (b), when the stem diameter D is a value within a predetermined range (for example, 10 to 30 mmφ), and the length N of the leaf sheath portion 23 is within a predetermined range, that is, below the shipping standard length. Is a light-blocking material 24 on both sides of the row of soft white onions to block light.
Is erected so that the interval a is about 40 to 150 mm, and the irradiation light amount to the upper part of the stem portion including the leaf sheath portion is reduced and adjusted. At this time, the stem diameter D and the leaf sheath 23 length N
Is 10 to 30 mmφ, for example, 10 from the upper end of the root.
It is 0 to 200 mm. Then, as shown in FIG. 5 (c), the larva B reaches the contact portion 25 and the leaf sheath portion has a length of 20.
When the shipping standard length of 0 to 450 mm is satisfied, the abutment portion 2 is provided on the peripheral surface of the upper end portion of the stem portion of the soft white onion for complete shading.
5 is brought into contact. Compared with the cultivation method of the above-mentioned embodiment, this embodiment does not carry out the trenching work and the soil gathering work, so that the cultivation work is simplified.

Next, still another embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 6, the planting intervals S1 of the seedlings in the row of soft white onions are normally set to be equal to about 30 mm from the shipping standard (15 to 30 mmφ) and the efficient harvesting per hit. However, it is difficult to accurately set the planting interval to 30 mm, which requires working time and labor. However, soft white onion seedlings tend to separate as they grow when they are planted in a bundle. Therefore, in this example, as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b), by bundling three seedlings and planting them at an interval S of about 90 mm, the soft white onions naturally separate during the growing process. The distance S1 is about 30 mm. After that, soft white onions are cultivated using the light shielding material. In the present embodiment, three seedlings are bundled and planted, but two seedlings may be bundled and planted, and the phenomenon described above effectively acts to soften the green onions. It is also possible to set the number at which the distance is about 30 mm, for example, up to about 5. In the present embodiment, since the planting intervals S are set at equal intervals of about 90 mm, the planting can be automated by a machine, and the planting work of heavy labor can be made efficient and labor-saving even during the cultivation work.

Next, still another embodiment of the present invention will be described. First, in the conventional embankment method, since the embankment sits on the ground of the planting part, the air permeability is very poor, and as the soft white onions grow, the hair roots expand into the embankment in search of air. Therefore, it becomes difficult to absorb the nutrients from the compost stored in the planting part, which often results in the suppression of the growth of soft white onions. Also, the root of soft white onion is susceptible to root rot due to excess water and pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
As shown in (a) and FIG. 5 (a), a fibrous material having at least one of breathability for promoting growth, drainage and antibacterial properties for preventing root rot and maintaining a healthy living body of roots. The material is mixed into the soil of the planting parts 2 and 22. As the fibrous material, bark fibers such as cedar bark fibers and cypress bark fibers, or a mixed fiber thereof, for example, a mixed fiber of 90 to 80% cedar bark fibers and 10 to 20% bark fibers can be used. The mixing location of the fibrous material is around the root R1 and the compost layer R2.
Can be mixed into one or both of the
It is preferable to mix it in the soil around the root in order to effectively exert its effect.

Next, the light shielding material used in the method of the present invention will be described. Since the method of the present invention is open-field cultivation, due to the occurrence of stuffiness in the light-shielding material during the rainy season and the high temperature in the light-shielding material during summer sunshine, diseases such as mold may occur, or the growth may be poor. It is possible to do it. Therefore, this embodiment is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 9 to 9, a ventilation inlet plate 48 having ventilation holes 47a and 47b for entering and exiting outside air and inside air is attached to a recess 46 formed in the lower portion of the light shielding plate 45 of the light shielding member 44. Further, the ventilation hole 47 is provided in the ventilation intake plate 48.
Rectangular grooves 49a and 49b are formed on the inner surface facing a and 47b. Then, the outside air entering from the ventilation holes 47a and 47b is distributed to both sides by the rectangular grooves 49a and 49b,
It is introduced into the light shielding material 44 from the introduction holes 50a and 50b formed in the recess 46. In this way, the outside air is 1
Since the air flows from the two ventilation holes 47a and 47b to the two introduction holes 50a and 50b, respectively, which are distant from each other, the air can be uniformly ventilated inside the light blocking member 44. The ventilation inlet plate 48 is, for example, about 300 mm in the longitudinal direction of the light blocking member 44.
Can be mounted in the space. In addition, during the severe cold season of winter,
By removing the ventilation inlet plate and inserting a blind plate, the inside of the light-shielding material is kept warm, and it is possible to create a growth environment superior to the conventional embankment method.

[0019]

As described above, according to the present invention, since the light shielding material is used, the embankment is not required as compared with the conventional embankment method. As a result, the trenching work is simplified, and since there is no soiling work, the cultivation period can be shortened and dense planting can be performed to improve the yield. In addition, it is easy to harvest without the work of excavating the soil to break the embankment.

In addition, when planting in open ground, there is no ditching work or soil restoration work, so cultivation work is easier.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a fixed planting and an embankment in an embodiment of a method for cultivating a soft white onion according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing installation of a light shielding material according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the method for cultivating soft white onion according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the contact portion of the light shielding material in FIG.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing still another embodiment of the method for cultivating soft white onion according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a conventional planting position.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing still another embodiment of the method for cultivating soft white onion according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a light-shielding material used in the method for cultivating soft white onions of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the ventilation intake plate in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Groove 2 Fixed part 3, 13, 23 Leaf sheath part 4, 14, 24, 44 Shading material 5, 15, 25 Contact part 6, 10 Root 7, 11 Upper end part B Sprout D Stem diameter N, Na, Nb Leaf sheath length Nc Height to the tip of the bud

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A method for cultivating soft white onions, which comprises using a light-shielding material to shield light reaching a portion to be light-shielded and whitened,
After planting soft white onion seedlings, they are grown until the diameter of the stem and the length from the top of the root of the soft white onion to the larva or leaf sheath are within a predetermined range, and then the row of soft white onions is grown. A method for cultivating soft white onion, characterized in that the light-shielding material is placed upright on both sides of the above. 2. A method of cultivating soft white onions, which comprises using a light-shielding material to shield light reaching a portion to be light-whitened,
After planting a soft white onion seedling, the height from the upper end of the soft white onion root to the tip of the soft white onion sprout is less than or equal to the upper end height of the contact portion of the light shielding material, or the upper end of the soft white onion root. If the height from the vicinity to the bud or leaf sheath is less than the shipping standard length, stand upright with the light-shielding material facing each other on both sides of the row of soft white onions, and place it on the upper part of the stem including the leaf sheath. By adjusting the irradiation light amount to reduce and adjust, the leaf sheath part of the soft white onion reaches the vicinity of the upper end of the abutting part of the light shielding material, and then the upper end of the corresponding contact part should be the light shielding and softening of the stem part of the soft white onion. A method for cultivating soft white onion, which comprises contacting the peripheral surface of the upper end of the part. 3. A method for cultivating a soft white onion, which comprises using a light-shielding material to shield light reaching a portion to be light-whitened,
After planting a soft white onion seedling, if the height from the top of the root of the soft white onion to the tip of the soft white onion is (1) approximately equal to or longer than the standard shipping length of the leaf sheath, , Standing on both sides of the row of soft white onions by abutting the upper ends of the contact portions of the light-shielding material near the upper position of the sprout, or (2)
When the height of the upper end of the abutting portion of the light shielding material is almost equal to or higher than the height of the abutting portion of the light shielding material, the upper ends of the abutting portions of the light shielding material on both sides of the row of soft white onions are light-shielded and softened by the stem portion of the soft white onion. A method for cultivating soft white onions, which comprises contacting with a peripheral surface of an upper end portion of a to-be-established part and standing it. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein a resilient abutting member capable of moving upward is formed on an upper end portion of the light shielding member. 5. A method of planting soft white onion seedlings in a planting ditch or directly planting in an open field without providing a planting ditch.
The method according to 2, 3 or 4. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding material has self-shape retention or self-supporting property. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of seedlings are planted at equal intervals. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein a fibrous material having at least one of air permeability, drainage property and antibacterial property is mixed in the soil of the planting part. Method. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the fibrous material is cedar bark fiber and / or cypress bark fiber. 10. The method according to claim 1, which has a vent hole.
A light shielding material used in the method described in 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9.