JP2020178624A - Tillage method, tillage attachment for agricultural machine used in the same, and agricultural machine with tillage attachment mounted thereon - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a new weeding technology capable of eliminating weed outbreak even without entirely requiring herbicide by giving physical processing to a surface layer, and further capable of making the physical processing serve as soil-up work to crops.SOLUTION: A tillage attachment 2 for an agricultural machine 1 used in a tillage method of this invention is provided as follows: the tillage attachment has a detachment/attachment shaft 3 mounted to a rotary drive unit 13 of an agricultural machine 1; multiple tillage blades 5 implanted around the outer wall 42 are extended in the centrifugal direction to a mounting cylindrical part 40 capable of being fitted to the detachment/attachment shaft 3 and an outer wall 42 of the mounting cylindrical part 40; furthermore, multiple pieces of blade units 4 formed in a bent shape toward the outside of the axial direction of the mounting cylindrical part 40 are fixed along the detachment/attachment shaft 3; and further, when at least a portion of a rotational orbit contour shape in mutual tillage blades 5 of the blade units 4 is projected in the tangential direction of the rotational orbit, an arrangement relationship where the projections are overlapped with each other.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a technique for preventing weeds from growing in a desired area of the surface layer, and in particular, it is possible to prevent the growth of weeds in the process of planting seedlings in a field and gathering soil. In addition to the fields of manufacturing and providing attachments for agricultural machinery used for the cultivation technology and agricultural machinery equipped with the attachments, transportation, storage, etc. From the field of providing and selling equipment and appliances required for assembly and installation, materials required for those materials, machinery and parts, such as wood, stone, various fibers, plastics, various metal materials, etc. Fields to be provided, fields of electronic parts incorporated in them and control-related equipment that integrates them, fields of various measuring instruments, fields of power machinery that operates the equipment and appliances, power that is the energy and electricity that is the energy source, Fields commonly referred to as industrial machinery, such as the field of oil, as well as fields related to testing and researching those facilities and appliances, their exhibition, sale, import / export, generals, and their use. Other than the fields related to the results, the equipment for making them, the collection and transportation of trash generated by the operation of equipment, and the recycling field to efficiently reuse those trash, new things that cannot be imagined at this time. There are no unrelated technical fields.

(Point of interest)
Weeds that grow in the fields need to be weeded because they deteriorate the efficiency of agricultural work and adversely affect the crops, but herbicides can be used in fields where pesticide-free vegetables are cultivated. Instead, manual work or agricultural machinery will be used, but strongly rooted weeds may become entangled with the rotor of the agricultural machinery and cannot be weeded efficiently, or the roots and leaves of the crop may be damaged. For some reason, it may be necessary to manually weed the weeds with a great deal of effort, and in addition, the burden of disposing of the weed debris cut off by the herbicide work may occur, which is a factor in managing the field. It was a big burden.

For example, when planting green onion seedlings in a field in a vinyl house, as shown in FIG. 8, a self-propelled agricultural machine 1 is carried into the field 8 and the agricultural machine 1 is illustrated for grooving. The footprints left after removing the strings and the linear grooves that remain before and after the footprints by walking while stepping on the strings stretched linearly on the field 8 (ground surface) that has been cultivated flat in advance with no attachment attached. The attachment for grooving is rotated along the visible planting line 81 such as a trace, and the planting is performed with a left-right width VW of 20 cm and an underground depth of about 20 cm to 25 cm with respect to the traveling direction while cutting underground. While digging down the ridge 82, the excavated soil is piled up on the ground on both the left and right sides of the MD in the length direction of the ridge 82 to about 15 cm to 10 cm by scraping it off, and from the ridge 82. Ridges 83, 83 having inclined ridge shoulders 84, 84 having a total height difference H of about 35 cm are made, and the center of the width between the ridges of one of the adjacent ridges 83, 83 across the planting valley 82. The planting valley 82 is constructed so that the ridge width UW from the ridge to the center of the other ridge width is about 80 cm to 120 cm.

After appropriately fertilizing the planting valley 82, a plurality of onion seedlings 9, 9, ... Are formed in the ridge length direction MD along the center of the planting valley width VW of the planting valley 82. , Planted at equal intervals, and as shown by the white arrow shown in FIG. 9, a self-propelled agricultural machine 1 equipped with an attachment 2 for soil gathering was placed in the center of the ridge width and in the ridge length direction. While self-propelling to the MD, the surface layer 8 at the top of the ridge 83 is cut into the rotating attachment 2 for soil gathering so that the left and right sides of the MD in the traveling direction of the agricultural machine 1 are directed toward the left and right sides of the surface layer 8. The soil is scraped off, and the soil gathering soil JU is covered with the white area of the roots of multiple onion seedlings 9, 9, ..., and the same soil gathering work is performed for each planting valley 82 adjacent to each. Performed for each ridge 83, and until a plurality of onion seedlings 9, 9, ... Grow to a size that can be shipped, the same soil gathering work is repeated multiple times, and finally the planting valley 82. The place that used to be a ridge is filled with soil, and the place that used to be a ridge 83 is dug down so that it becomes relatively valley-shaped.

When the soil gathering work is performed in this way, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the soil in the tillage range CR is agitated by the soil gathering attachment 2 of the self-propelled agricultural machine 1, and then the soil in the tillage range CR is stirred. Weeds are less likely to grow from the ground, but after a while, weeds WE, WE, ... will start to grow so as to be scattered from the tillage range CR, even though it is inside the vinyl house, and weeding is also done manually. The work had to be done.

The inventor of the present application observed in detail the occurrence of weeds WE, WE, ... In the field 8 in the vinyl house over a long period of time in the cultivated area CR after the soil gathering work. This is a discovery of the phenomenon, in which a breathable gap BG is formed evenly between the soil particles in the surface layer 8 of the cultivated area CR after the soil gathering work, and the outside air passes through the breathable gap BG. Then, as shown by the wavy arrow in FIG. 10, the water content of 80 in the soil naturally evaporates to form the dry surface layer DS, and weeds, weed seeds or roots are formed in the soil 80 of the dry surface layer DS. Even if it exists, weeds do not grow on the ground without being supplied with water and remain dry, but while operating the self-propelled agricultural machine 1, the agricultural machine 1 is operated. The trails 7, 7, ... of the following workers trampled the surface layer 8 of the cultivation range CR, lost the breathable gap BG, and caused moisture in the soil 80 in the soil such as weed seeds and roots due to the capillary phenomenon. It is a phenomenon that causes the growth of weeds WE, WE, ..., And we came to the idea that a technique to break the principle of such weeds WE, WE, ... is needed.

(Conventional technology)
It is not uncommon to see proposals that reflect the status of conventional herbicide and weed control technologies and provide measures to overcome them.
For example, as represented by the one proposed in Patent Document 1 (1) below, an inner pipe connected and fixed to a tillage shaft shaft extending laterally from the main body of the mobile agricultural machine and the inner pipe. A tillage pipe that covers the inner pipe and has a plurality of tillage claws tightened and fixed, a short pipe fitted on the inner pipe located at the lateral end of the tillage pipe, and this short pipe. A side disk integrally fixed to the pipe, a weed shaft extending from an appropriate position in the radial direction of the side disk toward the main body of the moving agricultural machine, and an inner pipe and a short pipe located outside the side disk can be freely inserted and removed. It is configured as a rotor mounting device equipped with a link pin to be connected to the agricultural machine shaft, and the weed shaft can be removed together with the side disk to remove weeds entangled on the outer peripheral surface of the agricultural machine shaft in a short time. Rotor mounting device in mobile agricultural machinery, as seen in Patent Document 1 (2), assembling empty polygonal blades with handles, single empty polygonal blades, solid polygonal blades, etc. Use any one of the polygonal blades called irregular polygonal blades, which have blades all around the polygon, have a handle, and are parallel to the ground surface so that those blades can be inserted near the ground surface or in shallow ground. For example, by repeating the sliding reciprocating motion in the horizontal direction and moving forward or backward, the stems and roots of weeds in the ground can be cut, so that the growth of the grass can be significantly delayed. Weeding equipment that has been used is scattered around.

However, in the rotor mounting device in the mobile agricultural machine as shown in the former patent document 1 (1), the traces of the wheels for traveling of the mobile agricultural machine and the footprints of the worker remain on the ground surface layer after weeding. This leaves the drawback that weeds grow on those compression marks, and the outer end of the weed shaft, which is the opposite of the attachment to the moving agricultural machine body, is on the side. Since the disk is provided, the main body of the mobile agricultural machine runs on the ridge in the ridge length direction, scrapes the soil of the ridge to the adjacent planting valley in the ridge width direction, and is planted in the planting valley. It is completely unsuitable for hilling seedlings, etc., and for weeding equipment represented by Patent Document 1 (2), the footprints of workers remain on the surface layer after weeding. There is a risk that weeds will grow from those compression marks, and the blade can be slid back and forth near the surface layer of the soil to cut the stems and roots of weeds in the ground. However, it is a great effort to perform the work of agitating the soil in the surface layer and the work of gathering the soil on the planted plants at the same time as the weeding work, such as tilling with a rotor of an agricultural machine. There was a drawback that it became something that required.
(1) JP-A-8-9705 (2) JP-A-2004-267206

(Problem awareness)
As mentioned above, all of the rotor mounting devices and weed control equipment in various mobile farm machines that have been proposed so far have traces of wheels for traveling of mobile farm machines and footprints of workers remaining on the surface layer after weeding. , There is a risk of weeds growing on the compression marks, and if weeds grow newly, weeding work will be required again, and in any case. However, in view of the fact that there has been no technology that can simultaneously realize the work of gathering soil to the planting valley adjacent to the ridge and weeding and weed control of the ridge, it is represented by planted green onions. Weed control work around crops, which is accompanied by cultivation of crops that require repeated soil gathering work multiple times in the process of growth, is a heavy burden on agricultural work, and development of new technology that can solve these problems. I was keenly aware of the need for.

(Purpose of Invention)
Therefore, according to the present invention, by physically treating the surface layer, weeds can be eliminated without the need for any herbicide, and the physical treatment also serves as soil gathering work for agricultural products and the like. From the judgment that it is possible to develop a new herbicide technology that can be considered, we quickly started the development and research, and as a result of repeating long-term trial and error and many trials and experiments, this time Finally, we have succeeded in realizing a new tillage method, a new structure of tillage attachment for agricultural machinery used for it, and a new structure of agricultural machinery equipped with the tillage attachment. , Along with examples representing the present invention shown in the drawings, the configuration thereof will be described in detail.

(Structure of Invention)
As is clearly understood from the examples representing the present invention shown in the drawings, the plowing method of the present invention basically has the following configuration.
That is, the surface layer between the planting rows of plants is agitated using agitators, and the ground contact portion such as the agitating tools and workers does not step on the surface layer between the planting rows of plants after being agitated. As such, the ground contact portion of the stirrer tool or the worker proceeds along the planting row of the plant prior to the stirrer tool, and the stirrer tool stirs the surface layer between the planting rows of the plant. The surface layer between the planting rows of plants is reconstructed into a dry surface layer having a breathable gap in the soil by following the ground contact portion of the agitator tools and workers that precede it. It is a cultivating method whose gist is the structure.

In the cultivation method consisting of this basic configuration, if the expression is changed, the surface layer between the planting rows of plants is agitated using stirrers, and the ground contact parts such as the stirrers and workers. However, in order not to step on the surface layer between the plant planting rows after being agitated, the ground contact parts such as the stirrer equipment and the workers proceed along the plant planting row prior to the stirrer equipment. The agitator is made to follow the ground contact portion of the agitator or the worker, etc., while stirring the surface layer between the plant planting rows, and the surface layer between the plant planting rows is soiled. It is rebuilt into a dry surface layer with a breathable gap inside, and the dry surface layer with a breathable gap without treading points can maintain the dry state of weed seeds in the soil and suppress weed germination. It is a cultivation method consisting of the above configuration.

To show more specifically the tilling method that forms the basis of the present invention, a traveling type agricultural machine is used to scrape the soil left and right while stirring the soil so as to create a hilling valley on the planting line set in the field. While moving forward, ridges are made on the left and right sides of the planting valley, and a plurality of plants are planted along the planting valley, and the agricultural machine is installed along the center of the ridge width along the ridge length direction. While running, the ground contact parts such as the wheels of the agricultural machine and the feet of the worker advance ahead of the tilling attachment of the agricultural machine, and the ground contact parts such as the wheels of the agricultural machine and the feet of the worker The cultivating attachment that follows is a cultivating method in which the plant is ridged while finally passing through the cultivated area, and at the same time, the surface layer of the newly exposed ridge is cultivated.

(Related Invention 1)
In connection with the above-mentioned tilling method which forms the basis of the present invention, the present invention also includes a tilling attachment for agricultural machinery used in the tilling method which forms the basis of the present invention.
That is, the rotation drive unit around the horizontal axis for mounting the cultivation attachment of the agricultural machine has a detachable shaft that can be detachably attached, and the attachment / detachment shaft is provided with a mounting hole that can be fitted in a skewer shape. A plurality of tilling blades having base ends planted around the outer peripheral wall at intervals with respect to the mounting cylinder and the outer peripheral wall of the mounting cylinder, and the tip of each tilling blade is centrifugally directed from the mounting cylinder. A blade in which at least one of the middle part and the tip of each tilling blade is bent toward the outer edge of either one of the mounting cylinders in the direction of both ends of the axis. A plurality of units are externally attached and detachably fixed in a skewered manner along the range of the base end to the tip of the attachment / detachment shaft via the mounting cylinder portion, and are adjacent to the attachment / detachment shaft in the axial direction. Arrangement in which at least a part of the contour shapes of the rotating orbits around the attachment / detachment axis of the mutually cultivated blades of the arranged blade units is projected in the tangential direction of the rotating orbit, the projections overlap each other. It can be said that it is a cultivating attachment for agricultural machinery used in the cultivating method which is the basis of the present invention, which is related.

(Related Invention 2)
Further, in relation to the tilling method underlying the present invention and the tilling attachment for agricultural machinery used therein, the present invention includes a tilling attachment for agricultural machinery which can be used for the tilling method underlying the present invention. It also includes built-in agricultural machinery.
That is, it is an agricultural machine having a rotary drive unit around a horizontal axis for mounting a prime mover, a control device, a drive wheel, and a tillage attachment, and the rotary drive unit is rotationally driven in either case of forward movement or reverse movement of the drive wheel. It is possible that at least one of the tillage attachments for the agricultural machine is detachably incorporated into the rotary drive unit via the detachable shaft, and the drive wheels are run during tillage rather than the tillage attachment. It is an agricultural machine equipped with the tillage attachment of the present invention, which is arranged in front of the direction and the tillage attachment is arranged at the end of the traveling direction during tillage.

As described above, according to the tilling method which is the basis of the present invention, unlike the conventional tilling technique, the surface layer between the planting rows of plants using a stirrer is used because of the unique characteristic configuration as described above. The agitator was used because the agitator and the above-ground ground contact part such as the worker proceeded the cultivation work so as not to step on the surface layer between the planting rows of the plants after the agitation. By stirring the surface layer between plant planting rows, the surface layer between plant planting rows is remodeled into a dry surface layer with breathable gaps in the soil, and has breathable gaps without treading points. The arid surface layer keeps the seeds of weeds in the soil dry and suppresses the germination of weeds, so that weeds can grow after plowing without using pesticides such as herbicides. It will be possible to prevent it reliably, and until now, weeds that grow after tilling work will have to be weeded, but such labor can be eliminated at all, and management work such as fields and gardens can be done. This is an excellent feature that the burden can be significantly reduced.

In addition, a traveling type agricultural machine equipped with a tillage attachment is planted in a planting valley arranged so as to be adjacent to the ridge from the ridge while traveling along the center of the ridge width along the ridge length direction. In the process of soiling a plant such as a crop that has been soiled, the tilling attachment will collect the soil while passing through the tilling range last, and at the same time as soiling, the surface layer of the newly exposed ridge will be cultivated. Since the surface layer of the ridges was cultivated, the surface layer of the ridges was agitated and the ridge shoulders were covered with the scraped soil simply by performing the soil gathering work on the plant using a traveling type agricultural machine. In addition, the soil gathering covers the planting valley around the plant with the soil gathering soil, and the entire ridge covered with the soil gathering soil and the cultivated area up to the planting valley have a breathable gap in the soil. The layer is provided in at least one of the following conditions, with no or almost no footprints or wheel marks, to suppress the growth of water-requiring weed seeds and to dry to produce weeds. It will be more reliable to prevent.

Further, according to the tillage attachment for agricultural machinery of the present invention, it can be detachably attached to the rotary drive unit of the agricultural machine, so that it can be quickly and quickly connected to the rotary attachment used for digging a planting valley. In addition to being easily replaceable, the tillage attachment is at least one of the contours of the rotational trajectories around the attachment / detachment shaft of each other's tillage blades of the blade units arranged adjacent to the attachment / detachment axis in the axial direction. When the part is projected in the tangential direction of the rotating orbit, the projections are arranged so as to overlap each other. Therefore, the tillage attachment passes through while rotating, and the surface layer in the cultivated range is covered. There is no area left without being agitated, and the arid surface layer is always agitated to provide a breathable gap in the soil, and weeds can be suppressed more reliably.

According to the agricultural machine equipped with the tillage attachment of the present invention, the rotary drive unit can be rotationally driven in either the forward or reverse direction of the drive wheel, so that the forward or backward movement of the agricultural machine can be performed. In any case, it becomes possible to cultivate, and in either case of forward movement or reverse movement, the cultivation method of the present invention can be carried out, and further, the cultivation attachment of the present invention attached to the rotary drive unit can be used. By assuming that the tillage attachment is arranged behind the traveling direction of the drive wheels so as to follow the drive wheels, the tillage attachment is arranged at the end of the traveling direction during tillage, and the tillage range is covered. It will have a great effect that the surface layer will become a dry surface layer more reliably and can be managed so that weeds do not grow at all for a long period of time.

In carrying out the present invention having the above-described configuration, the best or desirable form thereof will be described.
In agitators, weed buds germinate from the surface of the ground layer, and at a depth where roots grow (for example, 2 cm to 50 cm or less than 2 cm, weed seeds may absorb moisture in the atmosphere and germinate. If it exceeds 50 cm, the workability of stirring the soil may deteriorate.) It has the function of cutting into the ground and stirring and cultivating, specifically, the hoe. Weeds, excavators, scoops, forks, bears, vines, studs, rakes and other manual gardening tools, as well as motors such as self-propelled or regular agricultural and construction machinery. It can be a machine equipped with attachments, or an attachment attached to an appliance equipped with a prime mover, for example, an agricultural machine equipped with a tillage attachment. Yes, the agricultural machine can travel while cultivating the surface layer, and the cultivating attachment can be detachably attached to at least one of the tail end or the vicinity of the tail end in the traveling direction, and the cultivated attachment is attached. The functions that enable the vehicle to travel while being rotationally driven are shared, and more specifically, as shown in the examples described later, around the horizontal axis for mounting the motive, the control device, the drive wheel, and the tillage attachment. An agricultural machine having a rotary drive unit, wherein the rotary drive unit can be rotationally driven in either case of forward movement or reverse movement of the drive wheels, and the rotary drive unit is cultivated according to the present invention for agricultural machinery. At least one of the attachments is detachably incorporated via a detachable shaft, the drive wheel is arranged in front of the tilling attachment in the traveling direction during tilling, and the tilling attachment is at the end of the traveling direction during tilling. In addition, it is desirable to use it as a passenger-type agricultural machinery or construction machinery, to drive under remote control operation, or to a global positioning system (Global Positioning System). It is possible to use a typical position information measurement system or the like to make a traveling type agricultural machinery or construction machinery that is supposed to travel autonomously.

The tillage attachment can be a form of agitator, and at a depth of weed sprouts and roots growing from the surface of the surface layer (for example, 2 cm to 50 cm, less than 2 cm, the weed seeds are in the atmosphere. There is a risk of absorbing the water inside and germinating, and if it exceeds 50 cm, the workability of stirring the soil may deteriorate.)) Cut into the ground and stir to reach the range. It has a function of making it cultivable, for example, one that can be detachably attached to the rotary drive unit of a frame that has wheels and can run, and that has a rotary type rotary blade. More specifically, it can be detachably attached to any of agricultural machinery such as traveling type and passenger type, construction machinery, etc., and these agricultural machinery, construction machinery, etc. It is better to be rotationally driven by receiving the rotational output supplied from any of the above, and it is assumed that it is attached to the rearmost part of any of the agricultural machinery and construction machinery in the traveling direction. Is desirable, and as shown in Examples described later, it has a detachable shaft that can be detachably attached to the rotary drive unit around the horizontal axis for attaching the tillage attachment of the agricultural machine. A plurality of tillage plants having base ends planted around the outer peripheral wall at intervals with respect to the mounting cylinder portion provided with mounting holes that can be fitted in a skewer shape on the shaft and the outer peripheral wall of the mounting cylinder portion. The blade extends the tip of each tillage blade in the centrifugal direction from the mounting cylinder portion, and at least one of the middle portion or the tip of each tillage blade is directed to the outside in the axial direction of the mounting cylinder portion. A plurality of blade units having a bent shape are fixed to the exterior and detachably in a skewered manner through the mounting cylinder along the range of the base end to the tip of the detachable shaft. At least a part of the contour shapes of the rotating orbits around the detachable shaft of the cultivated blades of the blade units arranged adjacent to each other in the axial direction of the detachable shaft was projected in the tangential direction of the rotating orbit. In some cases, it is preferable that the projections are arranged so as to overlap each other.

The field has the function of planting plants, stirring the surface layer, and preventing weeds, and is particularly specified, for example, a garden or land, a dew area painting, or a surface layer in a greenhouse. Instead, it is possible to target various types and forms of land, and it goes without saying that the target fields can be cultivated as they are as the fields of the present invention, or the cultivating of the present invention is more efficient. It is also possible to positively change the form and the like so that it can be applied to the target.

The planting line assumes a row for planting the plants to be cultivated on the ground surface, and has a function that is a target of the planting work of the plants. For example, on a string stretched linearly on the flatly cultivated ground surface. It is possible to make visible linear marks such as footprints left after removing the string and linear groove marks left before and after the footprints by walking while stepping on the soil, as well as adversely affecting the soil. It is a component that does not give a scent and is easy to distinguish from the ground surface, for example, a band line drawn by earth or powder grains with different components (color and shape), a band line drawn by sprinkling water in a band shape, etc. In addition, it is possible to make it possible to recognize a planting line that is not actually seen by an aiming device or a position information measurement system provided in an agricultural machine.

The planting row of plants can be said to be an elongated section provided between the row of plants cultivated in a linear row in a field or garden. For example, a work passage or a sunshine It can be said that the interval range is set for the purpose of promoting cultivation such as securing and rooting, and more specifically, as shown in the examples described later, parallel to the field at regular intervals. If you dig down the planting valleys on each of the set planting lines, ridges will be created between the multiple planting valleys arranged in parallel, and plants will be created in each of the multiple planting valleys. It can be said that when the plants are planted in a row and a planting row of a plurality of plants is formed, the ridges between the planting rows of the plants correspond to the planting rows of the plants.

The ground contact area is a part that may create traces of trampling vertically downward on the ground surface that has been cultivated and created a breathable gap between the soil particles in the soil. Agricultural machinery used for tillage, other cultivable machinery and tools, running wheels such as machinery, or various parts such as grounding parts such as stands. Can be done.

The plant is a plant as a crop for cultivation, and is of a variety different from the weeds which is the target of control of the present invention. For example, it can be a foliage plant or a crop, and more specifically. Can be a plant that requires soil gathering work as it grows, such as carrots, radishes, and potatoes, and can be green onions or green onion seedlings, as shown in Examples described later.
In the following, the configuration will be described in detail together with examples representing the present invention shown in the drawings.

The drawings show the tilling method of the present invention, the tilling attachment for agricultural machinery used therein, and some typical examples embodying the technical idea of the agricultural machine to which the tilling attachment is attached. is there.
It is a rear view which shows an example of the tillage attachment attached to the rotary drive part of the agricultural machine. It is a perspective view which shows an example of a tillage attachment. It is a rear view which shows another example of the tillage attachment attached to the rotary drive part of the agricultural machine. It is a front view which shows the earth gathering process to a planting valley in cross section. It is a top view which shows the soil gathering process to a planting valley. It is a side view which shows the traveling type agricultural machine of this invention. It is a side view which shows the improvement example of the traveling type agricultural machine of this invention. It is a front view which shows the conventional soil gathering process to a planting valley in cross section. It is a top view which shows the soil gathering process to the conventional planting valley. It is a cross-sectional view showing how weeds grow from the footsteps on the ground surface after tillage.

In the examples shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a mounting cylinder portion 40 having a attachment / detachment shaft 3 mounted on the rotation drive unit 13 of the agricultural machine 1 and being fitted to the attachment / detachment shaft 3 and a mounting cylinder portion 40 A plurality of tilling blades 5, 5 and 5 planted around the outer peripheral wall 42 are extended in the centrifugal direction with respect to the outer peripheral wall 42 of the portion 40, and the outer side of the mounting cylinder portion 40 in the axial direction is formed. A plurality of blade units 4, 4 and 4 having a shape bent toward each other are fixed along the detachable shaft 3, and the blade units 4, 4 and 4 are cultivated blades 5, 5 and 5 of each other. 5. When at least a part of the contour shapes of the rotating orbits is projected in the tangential direction of the rotating orbits, the projections are arranged so as to overlap each other, which is the basic cultivation method of the present invention. It shows a typical example in the cultivation attachment for the agricultural machine 1 used for.

As can be clearly understood from each of these figures, the tillage attachment 2 for the agricultural machine 1 of the present invention has a hexagonal pipe shape having a length of 15 cm to 40 cm, and is spaced apart from each other along the axial direction thereof. A plurality of fixing holes 30, 30, ... Are bored between two facing surfaces of the six surfaces so as to penetrate in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction, and are cultivated attachments of the agricultural machine 1. 2 It has a detachable shaft 3 whose base end 31 is detachably mounted on the rotation drive unit 13 around the horizontal axis for mounting, and can be fitted to the detachable shaft 3 in a skewered manner. It is a hexagonal short cylinder provided with a square mounting hole 41, and is oriented perpendicular to the axial direction of the mounting hole 41 between two facing surfaces of the hexagonal tubular six surfaces. A plurality of tilling blades in which base ends 50 are planted around the outer peripheral wall 42 at intervals with respect to the mounting cylinder portion 40 through which the fixing holes 43 and 43 are penetrated and the outer peripheral wall 42 of the mounting cylinder portion 40. The tips 52 of the tilling blades 5, 5, ... Are extended in the centrifugal direction from the mounting cylinder 40, and the tip 52s of the tilling blades 5, 5, ... Two or three blade units 4 and 4 having a shape in which at least one of the blade units 40 is bent toward the outside of any one of the mounting cylinders 40 in the direction of both ends of the axis. Along the range of the base end 31 to the tip 32 of the attachment / detachment shaft 3, the mounting cylinder portion 40 is used to form a skewered exterior, and the fixing holes 30 and 30 of the attachment / detachment shaft 3 are fitted with fixing holes 43 and 43 of the mounting cylinder portion 40. Is arranged so as to correspond to the above, and the temporary fixing pin 44 is attached in a penetrating manner, is prevented from coming off by the R clip 45, and is fixed detachably, and is arranged adjacent to the detachable shaft 3 in the axial direction. When the contour shape of the rotating track around the detachable shaft 3 of the mutual tilling blades 5, 5, ... Of the provided blade units 4, 4, 4 is projected in the tangential direction of the rotating track, the said At least a part of the projections are arranged so as to overlap each other. More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the total width dimensions of the tilling blades 5, 5, ... Attached to one blade unit 4 A part of the BW is arranged so as to overlap a part of the total width dimension BW of the tilling blades 5, 5, ... Attached to the other blade unit 4 arranged adjacent to the one blade unit 4. It has become.

As shown in FIG. 6 or 7, for example, the agricultural machine 1 can be a YK-SK (single-wheel management machine) manufactured by Yanmar Co., Ltd. having a one-wheel or two-wheel drive wheel 12, a prime mover 10, and a control device. 11, the drive wheel 12, the rotary drive unit 13 around the horizontal axis for mounting the hilling attachment 2, the tail wheel 14, and the agricultural machine 1 provided with rotary covers 15 and 15 on the left and right upper parts of the rotary drive unit 13. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, a pair of left and right hilling attachments 2 and 2 have a symmetrical shape with respect to the left and right sides of the rotation drive unit 13 around the horizontal axis for mounting the hilling attachment 2 of the agricultural machine 1. The base ends 31 and 31 of the detachable shafts 3 and 3 are detachably attached so as to be arranged horizontally and concentrically with each other, and the attachment total width AW of the cultivation attachments 2 and 2 is equivalent to the shoulder width MW of the ridge 83. , Or, it is either set to be equal to the ridge width FW or set shorter than the ridge width FW.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the tillage attachment 2 can have two blade units 4 and 4 attached to one detachable shaft 3, and further, FIG. 3 As shown in, it is possible that the tilling attachment 2 has three or more blade units 4, 4, ... Attached to one detachable shaft 3, and in any case. Also, as described above, the total width AW of the tillage attachments 2 and 2 is set to be the same as the shoulder width MW of the ridge 83, or the ridge hem width FW, or the ridge hem width FW. It is either set shorter than.

Then, in the cultivation attachment 2 of the present invention as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, for example, as shown in FIG. 6 or 7, an operator (not shown) who walks independently on the ground is the control device 11. The agricultural machine 1 can be detachably incorporated into the traveling type agricultural machine 1 in which the handle 11 is gripped and operated, and the agricultural machine 1 shown in FIG. 6 is the main body of the agricultural machine 1. A prime mover 10 provided in 1, a single drive wheel 12 driven by the prime mover 10 and having a plurality of metal protrusions P, P, ... Protruding on the outer circumference, and the axis is oriented in the left-right horizontal direction. The pair of cultivated attachments 2 and 2 are detachably attached, and the rotary drive units 13 and 13 for transmitting the driving force from the prime mover 10 to the pair of cultivated attachments 2 and 2 are provided. A rotation control unit 16 that can control the rotation drive units 13 and 13 to be rotationally driven by an operator's gear operation or the like is provided in either case of forward movement or reverse movement of the drive wheel 12, and tilling (or soil gathering) work is performed. In this case, when the operator grasps the handle 11 which is the control device 11 of the agricultural machine 1 and operates the operation, the drive wheel 12 self-propells in the direction of the white arrow in FIG. The person walks backward so as to move backward, and the agricultural machine 1 rotates and drives the pair of tillage attachments 2 and 2 while traveling in the direction of the white arrow in FIG. When the handle 11 which is the control device 11 is operated so as to cut the pair of cultivation attachments 2 and 2 into the ground surface layer 8, the cultivation (or soil gathering) work is performed.

Further, the agricultural machine 1 shown in FIG. 7 is provided with a rotation mechanism RT and a rotation stop mechanism SR for temporarily fixing the rotation of the rotation mechanism RT at the base of the control device 11 of the agricultural machine 1 shown in FIG. It is assumed that the direction of the handle 11 which is the control device 11 can be temporarily fixed in a state where the plan view is inverted by 180 ° from that shown in FIG. 6, and the white arrow in FIG. 7 While traveling in the direction, the pair of tillage attachments 2 and 2 are rotationally driven.

Further, for example, in the agricultural machine 1, the handle 11 which is the control device 11 has a flat shape such as a U-shape, an H-shape, or a T-shape instead of the handle 11 which is pulled as described above, and is used for a rear car. It is possible for the operator to operate by pushing forward in the direction of travel like a handle, and when the operator loses the operation input (grip force, accelerator input, etc.) to the control device 11. It is assumed that a device is provided which automatically stops the prime mover 10 or automatically and forcibly brakes and stops the rotary drive of the drive wheels 12 and the rotary drive unit 13 (cultivation attachments 2 and 2). be able to.

(Action / Effect of Example 1)
The tillage attachment 2 for the agricultural machine 1 of the present invention having the above configuration is set to the shape and dimensions as shown in either FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 or FIG. Therefore, as shown in either FIG. 6 or FIG. 7 and FIGS. 4 and 5, a pair of tillage attachments 2 and 2 are attached to the left and right sides of the rotary drive unit 13 of the traveling type agricultural machine 1. , The tips 32 and 32 of the detachable shafts 3 are arranged so as to face the left and right outer sides on a horizontal straight line orthogonal to the traveling direction of the agricultural machine 1, and the base ends 31 and 31 of the detachable shafts 3 are incorporated. It is supposed to be.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, using the agricultural machine 1 incorporating the cultivation attachments 2 and 2 of the present invention, the ridge length direction MD is located at the center of the planting valley width VW of the planting valley 82 of the field 8. When performing soil gathering work on onion seedlings 9, 9, ... As a plurality of plants 9 planted at equal intervals, the agricultural machine 1 is used as shown by the white arrow MD in FIG. An operator (not shown) to operate walks prior to the agricultural machine 1, and the agricultural machine 1 proceeds to cultivate the work so as to follow the worker. Therefore, the footprints 7, 7, ... Of the worker are cultivated. It was agitated and disappeared by the attachments 2 and 2, and the agitated and soiled cultivation range CR became a dry ground surface layer DS having a breathable gap BG in 80 in the soil, and the same was performed using the agricultural machine 1 of FIG. When the cultivation (or soil gathering) work is performed while self-propelling in the direction of the white arrow in FIG. 6, the protrusions P, P, ... Of the drive wheel 12 of the agricultural machine 1 are in contact with each other in a very narrow dotted state. Wheel marks remain only on the other side, and the other area becomes the dry ground surface layer DS, which makes it extremely difficult for weeds to grow.

Then, when the agricultural machine 1 shown in FIG. 7 is used, the footprints 7, 7, ... Of the worker walking prior to the agricultural machine 1 are shown in FIG. 5, similarly to the agricultural machine 1 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, it is agitated and disappears by the subsequent tillage attachments 2 and 2, and further, the drive wheel 12 is ahead of the tillage attachments 2 and 2 in the traveling direction indicated by the white arrow MD in FIG. The tail wheel 14 of the agricultural machine 1 is levitated by the operation of the control device 11 by the operator, because the wheel traces (ruts) are not left because the cultivating attachments 2 and 2 are arranged before the cultivating attachments 2 and 2. If the tilling (or soil gathering) work is performed while maintaining the state, no footprints or wheel marks (ruts) of the worker remain in the tilling range CR after the tilling (or soil gathering) work, and the soil gathering soil The entire tillage area CR covered by JU becomes a dry surface DS having a breathable gap BG in 80 in the soil, and the growth of weeds is more reliably suppressed.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the tillage attachment 2 has a surface layer 8 in the range of the total width dimensions BW, BW, ... Of the tillage blades 5, 5, ... Of the blade units 4, 4, .... However, the rotation drive unit 13 is arranged within the full width AW of the left and right tillage attachments 2 and 2, and the area directly below the rotation drive unit 13 cannot be cut into the ground surface layer 8, but it rotates. Since the ground surface layer 8 corresponding directly under the drive unit 13 is also covered with the soil agitated by the tillage blades 5, 5, ... Of the left and right tillage attachments 2 and 2, the tillage attachment A dry ground surface DS having a breathable gap BG over the entire mounting width AW of 2 and 2 will be created, and further, the outer ridges shoulders 84, 84 and ridges of the mounting full width AW of the tillage attachments 2 and 2 will be created. The area up to the vicinity of the planting lines 81 and 81 of the planting valleys 82 and 82, which form the left and right sides of 83, is covered by the dry ground surface layer DS having a breathable gap BG, and weeds can be reliably prevented from growing. It becomes a thing.

(Conclusion)
As described above, the cultivating method of the present invention, the cultivating attachment for agricultural machinery used therein, and the agricultural machinery equipped with the cultivating attachment can all achieve the intended purpose by the new configuration. In addition, it is easy to manufacture, and it is possible to more reliably suppress the growth of weeds from the surface layer compared to conventional cultivation techniques, and it is possible to eliminate the need for herbicides and the need for herbicides. It can achieve significant reductions in labor and labor costs, making it much more economical, and with minor improvements for traditional agricultural machinery and the installation of new herbicide attachments. Because it enables efficient weeding and weed control, it is highly evaluated in the cultivation industry of agricultural products, which has a heavy burden of weeding work in the field, and the machinery industry for agriculture and gardening, and is widely used and spread. It is expected that it will become something to do.

1 Traveling agricultural machinery
10 Same prime mover
11 Same control device
RT same rotation mechanism
SR same rotation stop mechanism
12 Same drive wheel
P Same protrusion
13 Same rotation drive unit
14 Same tail wheel
15 Same rotary cover
16 Same rotation control unit 2 Tillage attachment (stirring equipment)
3 Detachable shaft
30 Same fixing hole
31 Same base end
32 Same tip 4 Blade unit
40 Same mounting cylinder
41 Same mounting hole
42 Same outer wall
43 Same fixing hole
44 Temporary fixing pin
45 Same R clip 5 Tillage blade
50 same base end
51 Midway
52 Same tip
BW Overall width of tillage blades 5, 5, ... Attached to the same blade unit 4
AW Same left and right tillage attachments 2 and 2 are installed. Overall width 6 Wheels (driving wheels 12, tail wheels, etc., ground contact parts) traces (ruts, etc.)
7 Worker's footprint (ground ground part)
8 Surface layer 8 (field)
80 in the same soil
81 Same planting line
82 Same planting valley
83 Same ridge
84 Same ridge shoulder
MW same shoulder width
Valley width for VW same planting
FW same ridge hem width
UW same furrow width
CR same tillage range
MD same ridge length direction
Surface layer of MS same ridge
JU same soil gathering soil
DS same dry ground surface layer
BG Same breathable gap 9 Welsh onion seedlings (plants)

Claims (5)

The surface layer between the planting rows of plants is agitated using agitators, so that the ground contact parts such as the stirring equipment and workers do not step on the surface layer between the planting rows of plants after being agitated. Ground-based parts such as the stirrer and the worker proceed along the planting row prior to the stirrer, and the stirrer precedes the stirrer while stirring the surface layer between the planting rows. It is characterized in that the surface layer between the planting rows of plants is reconstructed into a dry surface layer having a breathable gap in the soil so as to follow the ground contact portion of the agitator tools and workers. How to cultivate. Stir the surface layer between the plant planting rows using stirrers so that the ground contact parts such as the stirrer equipment and workers do not step on the ground layer between the plant planting rows after stirring. Ground-based parts such as the stirrer tools and workers proceed along the plant planting line prior to the stirrer tool, and the stirrer tool precedes while stirring the surface layer between the plant planting line. The surface layer between the planting rows of plants is remodeled into a dry surface layer with a breathable gap in the soil so as to follow the ground contact part of the stirrer tools and workers, and ventilation without treading points. A cultivating method characterized in that a dry surface layer having sex gaps maintains a dry state of weed seeds in the soil and makes it possible to suppress weed germination. Using a traveling type agricultural machine, move forward while stirring the soil to the left and right to create a planting valley on the planting line set in the field, and create ridges on the left and right sides of the planting valley. A plurality of plants are planted along the valley for planting, and the agricultural machine is run along the ridge length direction at the center of the width between the ridges on the ground such as the wheels of the agricultural machine and the feet of the worker. The ground contact portion advances ahead of the hilling attachment of the agricultural machine, and the cultivated attachment that follows the ground ground contact portion such as the wheels of the agricultural machine and the worker's foot passes through the hilling range last, and the plant A cultivating method characterized in that the surface layer of newly exposed ridges is cultivated at the same time as the soil is collected. A mounting cylinder that has a detachable shaft that can be detachably attached to the rotation drive unit around the horizontal axis for mounting the cultivation attachment of agricultural machinery, and the attachment / detachment shaft is provided with a mounting hole that can be fitted in a skewer shape. A plurality of tilling blades having base ends planted around the outer peripheral wall at intervals with respect to the portion and the outer peripheral wall of the mounting cylinder portion extend the tip of each tilling blade in the centrifugal direction from the mounting cylinder portion. In addition, the blade unit has a shape in which at least one of the middle part and the tip of each tilling blade is bent toward the outer edge of either one of the mounting cylinders in the direction of both ends of the axis. A plurality of them are attached and detachably fixed in a skewered manner along the range of the base end to the tip of the attachment / detachment shaft via the mounting cylinder portion, and are arranged adjacent to the attachment / detachment shaft in the axial direction. When at least a part of the contour shapes of the rotating orbits around the attachment / detachment axis of the cultivated blades of the blade units is projected in the tangential direction of the rotating orbits, the projections overlap each other. A cultivating attachment for agricultural machinery used in the cultivating method according to claim 3, which is to be used. An agricultural machine having a rotary drive unit around a horizontal axis for mounting a prime mover, a control device, a drive wheel, and a tillage attachment, and the rotary drive unit can be rotationally driven in either forward or backward movement of the drive wheel. At least one of the agricultural machinery tillage attachments according to claim 4 is detachably incorporated into the rotary drive unit via a detachable shaft, and the drive wheels are being cultivated more than the tillage attachment. Agricultural machine equipped with the cultivating attachment for agricultural machinery according to claim 4, wherein the cultivating attachment is arranged in front of the traveling direction of the agricultural machine and the cultivating attachment is arranged at the end of the traveling direction during cultivating.

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