JP2011050346A - Tiller - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tiller having tilling tines freely rotatably attached on a driving shaft and capable of being miniaturized. <P>SOLUTION: There is provided a tiller 20 having a first outer holder plate 41 set on a first driving shaft 24, a first outer tilling tine 42 whose tine middle part 42c is freely rotatably set on the first outer holder plate 41, and an elastic element 43 connecting a tine base part 42a apart from a tine middle part 42c to the first outer holder plate 41. The first outer tilling tine 42 is held to be able to till by connecting the tine base part 42a to the first outer holder plate 41 with the elastic element 43. The first outer tilling tine 42 is driven to be tilling state by rotating the first driving shaft 24 around an axis line 38. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a tilling device capable of cultivating soil by extending a plurality of tilling claws substantially radially from a drive shaft and rotating the tilling claws with the drive shaft.

  In the cultivating device, a cultivating claw is rotatably attached to the drive shaft via a support bolt, and the cultivated claw is urged in the rotation direction of the drive shaft by a coil spring provided on the support bolt, and is urged. There is known a technique in which a pawl is brought into contact with a stopper to hold the tilling pawl in a tilling position (for example, see Patent Document 1).

According to this tillage device, when the tilling nail hits an obstacle while plowing with the tilling nail, the tilling nail is retracted against the urging force of the coil spring (that is, opposite to the rotation direction of the drive shaft). Direction).
Thereby, for example, it can prevent that a tilling nail hits an obstacle and bends.

JP 2006947763 A

Here, the tilling device of Patent Document 1 is provided with a coil spring on a support bolt (that is, a turning center) to which the tilling claw is rotatably attached, and this coil spring applies a biasing force in the vicinity of the turning center of the tilling claw. Let's hold the tilling nail.
Thus, in order to apply the biasing force of the coil spring to the vicinity of the rotation center of the tilling claw, it is necessary to set the biasing force of the coil spring large.
For this reason, the coil spring is increased in size, which hinders the downsizing of the tillage device.

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a tilling device that can rotatably be provided with a tilling claw on a drive shaft and can be downsized.

  The invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that a holder plate provided on a drive shaft, a tilling claw in which an intermediate portion is rotatably provided on the holder plate, and a base end portion separated from the middle portion of the tilling claw A connecting member that is connected to a holder plate and holds the tilling claw so that it can be cultivated, and the tilling claw is driven to a tilling state by rotating the drive shaft about an axis.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the connecting member is an elastic member.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the connecting member is a rod-shaped member.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the holder plate is provided with a protrusion for restricting the rotation of the tillage claw.

In the invention which concerns on Claim 1, the holder plate was provided in the drive shaft and the intermediate part of the tilling nail was provided in the holder plate rotatably. And the base end part which left | separated from the intermediate part of the tilling nail was connected with the connection member.
Therefore, when the tilling claw rotates, the force acting on the connecting member can be reduced compared to the force acting near the middle portion of the tilling claw.
Thereby, it becomes possible to suppress a connection member compactly (small), and size reduction of a tilling device can be achieved.

  In the invention which concerns on Claim 2, an elastic member is elastically deformed according to the condition (for example, hardness and softness) of the field which plows with a tilling nail by making a connection member into an elastic member, and the rotation diameter of a tilling nail is made. It can be adjusted automatically.

That is, when a hard field is cultivated with a tilling nail, a relatively large load (reaction force) acts on the tilling nail. Therefore, it is possible to automatically adjust the rotation diameter of the tilling claw to be small by rotating the tilling claw so that the tip of the tilling claw approaches the drive shaft by elastically deforming the elastic member.
By reducing the rotation diameter of the tilling nail, the tilling nail can be satisfactorily bitten into a hard field and the tilling (plowing) performance can be enhanced.
Furthermore, by making the tilling claw satisfactorily bite into a hard field, it is possible to suppress the load (reaction force) when the tilling claw is bitten and to reduce the vibration of the tilling device.
Therefore, the usability of the tillage device can be improved and the tillage (plowing) performance can be enhanced.

On the other hand, when a soft field is cultivated with a tilling nail, a relatively small load (reaction force) acts on the tilling nail. Therefore, the tip of the tilling nail can be held in a state far away from the drive shaft by the biasing force of the elastic member, and the rotation diameter of the tilling nail can be automatically adjusted (held) automatically.
By keeping the rotation diameter of the tilling claw large, the peripheral speed of the tilling claw (tip portion) can be increased. Thereby, it becomes possible to cultivate the field in fine soil, and the tilling performance can be improved.
Furthermore, by increasing the rotation diameter of the tilling claw, it becomes possible to perform a deep plowing work on a soft field and to improve the tilling (plowing) performance.

  In this way, by automatically adjusting the rotation diameter of the tilling nail according to the situation of the field to be plowed with the tilling nail, it becomes possible to perform the tilling work suitable for the situation of the field, improving the work efficiency. Can be planned.

Furthermore, when the tilling claw hits an obstacle such as a stone (pebbles) during the tilling operation, the tilling claw is retracted against the urging force of the elastic member (that is, opposite to the rotation direction of the drive shaft). Direction).
Thereby, for example, it is possible to prevent an obstacle such as a stone (pebbles) from being caught in the tilling nail.

In addition, when grass or the like is wrapped around the tilling nail, the tilling nail can be folded compactly by rotating it against the urging force of the elastic member.
Thus, by folding the tillage claw compactly, the grass wrapped around the tillage claw can be easily removed without taking time and effort.

In the invention which concerns on Claim 3, rotation of a tilling nail can be prevented with a rod-shaped member by making a connection member into a rod-shaped member.
Thereby, for example, when only a hard field is cultivated with a cultivator, or when a highly accurate cultivating (plowing) work is performed, the rotation of the cultivating claw is suppressed (that is, fixed) and the cultivating performance is suitable. Can be secured.

In the invention which concerns on Claim 4, the protrusion (stopper) which controls rotation of a tilling nail | claw was provided in the holder plate.
By restricting the rotation of the tilling nail with the protrusion, the elastic member can be prevented from being damaged by suppressing the elastic deformation of the elastic member within the specified range.

Furthermore, by restricting the rotation of the tilling claw with the protrusion, the tilling claw can be held at the tillable position with the protrusion even when the connecting member is detached.
Thereby, it is possible to continue the cultivation work with the cultivation claws restricted to the position where the cultivation is possible by the protrusions.

It is a side view which shows the cultivator provided with the tilling apparatus (Example 1) which concerns on this invention. FIG. 2 is a view taken in the direction of arrow 2 in FIG. 1. It is a perspective view which shows the tilling apparatus (left 1st tilling mechanism and left 2nd tilling mechanism) of Example 1. It is a perspective view which shows the left 1st tilling mechanism of FIG. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 of FIG. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 7-7 in FIG. FIG. 8 is a view taken in the direction of arrow 8 in FIG. 2. It is a figure explaining the example which plows a hard field with the left 1st tilling mechanism of Example 1. FIG. It is a figure explaining the example which plows a hard field with the left 2nd tillage mechanism of Example 1. FIG. It is a figure explaining the example which plows a soft agricultural field with the left 1st tillage mechanism of Example 1. FIG. It is a figure explaining the example which plows a soft agricultural field with the left 2nd tillage mechanism of Example 1. FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the cultivation apparatus (Example 2) which concerns on this invention. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 14-14 of FIG. It is a side view which shows the state which the 1st outer side cultivation claws of the cultivation apparatus (Example 3) based on this invention cross | intersected above the agricultural field.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that “front”, “rear”, “left”, and “right” indicate Fr as the front, Rr as the rear, L as the left, and R as the right according to the direction viewed from the operator.

The tillage device 20 according to the first embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, the cultivator 10 includes a mission case 12 that also serves as a main body, left and right wheels 13 (only the left wheel 13 is shown) supported on the left and right sides of the mission case 12, and the front end of the mission case 12. The engine bed 14 extending forward from the portion 12 a, the engine 15 mounted on the engine bed 14, the handle 17 extending rearward from the substantially central portion 12 b of the transmission case 12, and the handle 17 are provided. It is a self-propelled walking type work machine (management machine) provided with the shift lever 18 and the tilling device 20 provided at the rear part of the mission case 12.

A power transmission mechanism (not shown) capable of transmitting the rotation of the engine 15 to the left and right wheels 13 and the tilling device 20 is housed in the mission case 12.
According to the cultivator 10, by driving the engine 15, the rotation of the engine 15 can be transmitted to the left and right wheels 13 through the power transmission mechanism and transmitted to the tiller device 20.
While the left and right wheels 13 are rotated, the cultivator is moved forward, and the cultivating device 20 is driven to perform the cultivating work.

The power transmission mechanism includes a forward / reverse switching mechanism capable of switching the rotation transmitted to the tilling device 20 between forward rotation and reverse rotation.
The forward / reverse switching mechanism provided in the power transmission mechanism is a generally known technique.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the tilling device 20 includes left and right first tilling mechanisms 21 provided on the left and right sides of the rear end portion 12 c of the mission case 12 and left and right first tilling mechanisms 21. The second tillage mechanism 22 is provided.

  The left first tillage mechanism 21 is coaxially fitted to the first drive shaft 24 and the first drive shaft (drive shaft) 24 extending substantially horizontally to the left from the rear end portion 12 c of the transmission case 12. A first sleeve 25, a first outer tillage means 26 provided at the outer end of the first sleeve 25, and a pair of first intermediate tillage means 27, 28 provided near the inner end of the first sleeve 25; And a first inner tillage means 29 provided at the inner end of the first sleeve 25.

The first drive shaft 24 is a drive shaft formed in a cylindrical shape having a hollow portion, and is connected to a power transmission mechanism in the transmission case 12.
A second drive shaft (drive shaft) 31 to be described later is passed through the hollow portion of the first drive shaft 24.
The first drive shaft 24 rotates in the forward rotation direction (the direction of arrow A shown in FIG. 1) when the rotation of the engine 15 (see FIG. 1) is transmitted through the power transmission mechanism.

As the first drive shaft 24 rotates in the forward rotation direction, the first sleeve 25 rotates in the forward rotation direction together with the first drive shaft 24.
As the first sleeve 25 rotates in the forward rotation direction, the first outer tillage means 26, the pair of first intermediate tillage means 27, 28, and the first inner tillage means 29 move in the forward rotation direction (the direction of arrow A shown in FIG. 1). ).

  The left second tillage mechanism 22 includes a second drive shaft 31 extending substantially horizontally to the left from the rear end 12c of the transmission case 12, and a second sleeve 32 coaxially fitted to the second drive shaft 31. And a pair of second outer tillage means 33 and 34 provided at the outer end portion of the second sleeve 32, and a second inner tillage means 35 provided at the inner end portion of the second sleeve 32.

The second drive shaft 31 is a drive shaft that passes through the hollow portion of the first drive shaft 24 and extends to the left side of the first drive shaft 24, and is connected to a power transmission mechanism in the transmission case 12. .
The second drive shaft 31 and the first drive shaft 24 are provided on the same axis 38.
The second drive shaft 31 is rotated in the reverse rotation direction (the direction of arrow B shown in FIG. 1) when the rotation of the engine 15 is transmitted through the power transmission mechanism.

As the second drive shaft 31 rotates in the reverse rotation direction, the second sleeve 32 rotates in the reverse rotation direction together with the second drive shaft 31.
As the second sleeve 32 rotates in the reverse direction, the pair of second outer tillage means 33 and 34 and the second inner tillage means 35 rotate in the reverse direction (arrow B direction shown in FIG. 1).

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the first outer tillage means 26 is rotated around the first outer holder plate (holder plate) 41 provided at the outer end of the first sleeve 25 and the first outer holder plate 41. A first outer tillage claw (cultivation claw) 42 provided movably and an elastic member (coupling member) for connecting a claw base end portion (base end portion) 42a of the first outer tillage claw 42 to the first outer holder plate 41 ) 43 and a projection (stopper) 44 that restricts the rotation of the first outer tillage claw 42.

The first outer holder plate 41 is attached in a state where the attachment hole 47 is fitted to the outer end portion of the first sleeve 25.
The first outer tilling claw 42 is a so-called nail claw that is curved toward the rotation direction delay side from the claw base end portion 42 a to the claw tip end portion 42 b and is curved in the axial direction of the first drive shaft 24. is there.
In the first outer tillage claw 42, a claw intermediate portion (intermediate portion) 42 c between a claw base end portion 42 a and a claw tip end portion 42 b is rotatably provided on the first outer holder plate 41 via a support bolt 48. Yes.

As shown in FIG. 5, the support bolt 48 is a stepped bolt in which a diameter-expanded portion 48c is provided between the head portion 48a and the screw portion 48b.
In this support bolt, the intermediate mounting hole 51 of the claw intermediate portion 42c is fitted to the enlarged diameter portion 48c, the mounting hole 47 of the first outer holder plate 41 is fitted to the screw portion 48b, and the screw protruding from the mounting hole 47 A nut 49 is fastened to the portion 48b.

The enlarged diameter portion 48 c is set such that the outer diameter dimension D 1 is smaller than the inner diameter dimension D 2 of the intermediate mounting hole 51.
Furthermore, the enlarged diameter portion 48c is set such that the enlarged diameter height H is larger than the plate thickness dimension T of the first outer tillage claw 42 (specifically, the claw intermediate portion 42c).
Therefore, the claw intermediate part 42c of the first outer tillage claw 42 is supported rotatably about the support bolt 48.

As shown in FIG. 6, the claw base end portion 42 a of the first outer tillage claw 42 is connected to the first outer holder plate 41 by an elastic member 43. The nail base end portion 42a is a portion that is separated from the nail intermediate portion 42c by a distance L (see FIG. 4).
In the elastic member 43, the first hook portion 43a is locked in the first connection mounting hole 53 of the first outer holder plate 41, and the second hook portion 43b is locked in the second connection mounting hole 54 of the claw base end portion 42a. Tension springs (springs).

In the elastic member 43, the coil portion 43c is covered with a vinyl cover 46 (indicated by an imaginary line).
By covering the coil part 43c with the cover 46, for example, it is possible to prevent the coil part 43c from biting stones (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 4, the second hook portion 43 b is positioned outside the first outer holder plate 41 in a state where the second hook portion 43 b is locked in the second connection mounting hole 54 of the claw base end portion 42 a. .
Therefore, it is possible to prevent the second hook portion 43b from interfering with the first outer holder plate 41.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the first outer tillage claw 42 is connected to the first outer holder plate 41 by the elastic member 43 so that the first outer tillage claw 42 is connected to the support bolt 48 and the elastic member 43. It is held so that it can be cultivated.

By elastically deforming the elastic member 43 in the extending direction, the first outer tillage claw 42 is allowed to rotate as indicated by an arrow C.
Therefore, the claw tip 42b moves in the direction approaching the first drive shaft 24 (that is, the direction indicated by the imaginary line), and the rotation diameter D3 (see FIG. 7) of the first outer tillage claw 42 is reduced.

On the other hand, the extended outer elastic member 43 is restored to the non-expanded state, thereby allowing the first outer tillage claw 42 to rotate as indicated by the arrow D.
Therefore, the claw tip 42b moves in the direction away from the first drive shaft 24 (that is, the direction indicated by the solid line), and the rotation diameter D3 (see FIG. 7) of the first outer tillage claw 42 increases.

As shown in FIG. 4, a claw middle portion 42 c of the first outer tillage claw 42 is rotatably provided on the first outer holder plate 41 via a support bolt 48, and a claw base end portion 42 a is connected by an elastic member 43. Has been.
The claw base end portion 42a is separated from the claw intermediate portion 42c by a distance L (see FIG. 4).

Therefore, when the first outer tillage claw 42 rotates, the force acting on the elastic member 43 can be suppressed smaller than the force acting near the claw intermediate portion 42c.
Thereby, it becomes possible to suppress the elastic member 43 to compact (small), and size reduction of the tilling device 20 can be achieved.

The first outer holder plate 41 is provided with a protrusion 44 that restricts the rotation of the first outer tillage claw 42.
Specifically, when the first outer tillage claw 42 rotates as indicated by an arrow C to the position indicated by the imaginary line, the vicinity of the claw intermediate portion 42c of the first outer tillage claw 42 abuts on the protrusion 44 and the first outer tillage claw 42 comes into contact. The rotation of the claw 42 is restricted.
In this way, by restricting the rotation of the first outer tillage nail 42 by the protrusion 44, the elastic member 43 can be prevented from being damaged by suppressing the elastic deformation of the elastic member 43 within a specified range.

Furthermore, by restricting the rotation of the first outer tillage claw 42 with the projection 44, the first outer cultivation claw 42 can be held at the tillable position with the projection 44 even when the elastic member 43 is detached.
As a result, it is possible to continue the tilling work with the first outer tilling claws 42 that are regulated by the protrusions 44 at the position where the tilling is possible.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the left first tillage mechanism 21 includes a first outer tillage means 26, a pair of first intermediate tillage means 27, 28, and a first inner tillage means 29 that rotate at a rotation diameter D3. It has been.

One of the first intermediate tillage means 27 and 28 is provided at a distance of approximately 120 ° in the clockwise direction with respect to the first outer tillage means 26 in a side view. ing.
The other first intermediate tillage means 28 of the pair of first intermediate tillage means 27 and 28 is provided at an interval of approximately 240 ° in the clockwise direction with respect to the first outer tillage means 26 in a side view. ing.
Further, the first inner cultivating means 29 is provided between the first outer cultivating means 26 and one of the first intermediate cultivating means 27 in a side view.

  Since the pair of first intermediate tillage means 27 and 28 and the first inner tillage means 29 have the same configuration as the first outer tillage means 26, description of the construction of the respective tillage means 27, 28 and 29 is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 8, the left second tillage mechanism 22 is provided such that a pair of second outside tillage means 33, 34 and second inside tillage means 35 rotate at a rotation diameter D4.
In the first embodiment, the rotation diameter D4 of the second inner tillage means 35 and the rotation diameter D3 of the first outer tillage claw 42 are described as substantially the same diameter, but the rotation diameter D4 and the rotation diameter D3 can be appropriately selected.

The pair of second outer cultivating means 33 and 34 is provided such that the other second outer cultivating means 34 is spaced from the one second outer cultivating means 33 by approximately 120 ° in the clockwise direction.
Further, the second inner tillage means 35 is provided at an interval of approximately 120 ° in the clockwise direction with respect to the other second outer tillage means 34.

FIG. 3 shows one of the pair of second outer tillage means 33 and 34.
In addition, in the one 2nd outer side cultivation means 33, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the same and similar member as the structural member of the 1st outer side cultivation means 26, and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  One second outer tillage means 33 includes a second outer holder plate (holder plate) 61 provided at the outer end of the second sleeve 32 and a second outer holder plate 61 rotatably provided on the second outer holder plate 61. The outer tillage claw (cultivation claw) 62, the elastic member 43 that connects the claw base end (base end part) 62a of the second outside tillage claw 62 to the second outside holder plate 61, and the rotation of the second outside tillage claw 62 And a projection 44 for restricting movement.

Similar to the first outer holder plate 41, the second outer holder plate 61 is attached in a state where the attachment hole 64 is fitted to the outer end portion of the second sleeve 32.
The second outer holder plate 61 is recessed (stepped portion) in order to avoid interference with the second hook portion 43b in a state where the second hook portion 43b is locked in the connection mounting hole 65 of the claw base end portion 62a. 61a (see also FIG. 8) is formed.

Similarly to the first outer tillage claw 42, the second outer tillage claw 62 is curved toward the rotation direction delay side from the claw base end portion 62 a toward the claw tip end portion 62 b, and the axial direction of the first drive shaft 24. This is a so-called nail claw that is curved.
As with the first outer tillage claw 42, the second outer tillage claw 62 has a claw intermediate portion (intermediate portion) 62 c between the claw base end portion 62 a and the claw tip end portion 62 b via the support bolt 48. The plate 61 is rotatably provided.

  Since the other second outside tillage means 34 and the second inside tillage means 35 have the same configuration as that of the one second outside tillage means 33, the description of the construction of the respective tilling means 34 and 35 is omitted.

Next, an example of tilling the hard farm field 71 with the tilling device 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 9 to 10.
By driving the engine 15 of the cultivator 10 shown in FIG. 1, the rotation of the engine 15 is transmitted to the left and right wheels 13 through the power transmission mechanism and to the tiller device 20.
As the left and right wheels 13 rotate, the cultivator is moved forward to move the cultivator 20 forward and drive it.

As shown in FIG. 9A, the tilling device 20 moves forward as indicated by an arrow E, and the first drive shaft 24 rotates in the forward rotation direction as indicated by an arrow F.
As the first drive shaft 24 rotates, the first outer tillage claw 42 rotates in the forward direction as indicated by the arrow F.

In a state where the first outer tillage claw 42 is exposed above the hard field 71, the first outer tillage claw 42 rotates as indicated by an arrow G about the support bolt 48 by the biasing force of the elastic member 43.
As the first outer tillage claw 42 rotates, the rotation diameter D3 of the first outer tillage claw 42 is automatically adjusted to be large.

As shown in FIG. 9B, when the first outer tillage claw 42 bites into the hard field 71, a relatively large load (reaction force) F <b> 1 acts on the first outer tillage claw 42.
Therefore, the elastic member 43 is elastically deformed so as to extend, and the first outer tillage claw 42 is rotated as indicated by the arrow H so that the claw tip 42b of the first outer tillage claw 42 approaches the first drive shaft 24.

When the first outer tillage claw 42 rotates, the rotation diameter D3 of the first outer tillage claw 42 is automatically adjusted to be small.
Thereby, the 1st outside tillage nail | claw 42 can be made to bite into the hard agricultural field 71 favorably, and tilling (plowing) performance can be improved.

Furthermore, by making the first outer tillage nail 42 bite into the hard field 71 satisfactorily, the load (reaction force) F1 when the first outer tillage nail 42 is bitten is suppressed, and the vibration of the tillage device 20 is reduced. Can do.
Therefore, the usability of the tilling device 20 can be improved and the tilling (plowing) performance can be enhanced.

As shown in FIG. 10 (a), the tilling device 20 moves forward as indicated by arrow E and the second drive shaft 31 rotates in the reverse direction as indicated by arrow I.
When the second drive shaft 31 is driven, the second outer tillage claw 62 rotates in the reverse direction as indicated by an arrow I.

In a state where the second outer tillage claw 62 is exposed above the hard field 71, the second outer tillage claw 62 rotates as indicated by an arrow J about the support bolt 48 by the biasing force of the elastic member 43.
As the second outer tillage claw 62 rotates, the rotation diameter D4 of the second outer tillage claw 62 is automatically adjusted to be large.

As shown in FIG. 10 (b), when the second outer tillage claw 62 bites into the hard field 71, a relatively large load (reaction force) F <b> 2 acts on the second outer tillage claw 62.
Therefore, the elastic member 43 is elastically deformed so as to extend, and the second outer tillage claw 62 is rotated as indicated by an arrow K so that the claw tip 62b of the second outer tillage claw 62 approaches the second drive shaft 31.

As the second outer tillage claw 62 rotates, the rotation diameter D4 of the second outer tillage claw 62 is automatically adjusted to be small.
Thereby, the 2nd outside tillage nail | claw 62 can be made to bite into the hard agricultural field 71 favorably, and a tilling (plowing) performance can be improved.

Furthermore, by making the second outer tillage nail 62 bite into the hard field 71 satisfactorily, the load (reaction force) F2 when the second outer tillage nail 62 is bitten is suppressed, and the vibration of the tillage device 20 is reduced. Can do.
Therefore, the usability of the tilling device 20 can be improved and the tilling (plowing) performance can be enhanced.

As shown in FIGS. 9 to 10, when the hard field 71 is cultivated with the cultivator 20, the second outer cultivating claw 62 is rotated in the reverse direction with respect to the rotation of the first outer cultivating claw 42. A part of the traction force of the first outer tillage claws 42 can be offset by the two outer tillage claws 62.
Thereby, the dashing (jumping out) of the tillage device 20 can be suppressed in the tillage work.

Next, an example of plowing the soft field 72 with the tilling device 20 will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 11A, the tilling device 20 moves forward as indicated by an arrow L, and the first drive shaft 24 rotates in the forward rotation direction as indicated by an arrow M.
As the first drive shaft 24 rotates, the first outer tillage claw 42 rotates in the forward direction as indicated by an arrow M.
In a state where the first outer tilling claw 42 is exposed above the soft field 72, the rotation diameter D <b> 3 of the first outer tilling claw 42 is adjusted to be large by the biasing force of the elastic member 43.

As shown in FIG. 11 (b), when the first outside tillage nail 42 bites into the soft field 72, a relatively small load (reaction force) F <b> 3 acts on the first outside tilling nail 42.
Since the load (reaction force) F3 is relatively small, the claw tip portion 42b of the first outer tillage claw 42 can be held in a state of being largely separated from the first drive shaft 24 by the urging force of the elastic member 43.
That is, in a state where the first outer tillage claw 42 has bitten into the soft field 72, the first outer tillage claw 42 is held in a state where the rotation diameter D3 is large by the biasing force of the elastic member 43.

By keeping the rotation diameter D3 of the first outer tilling claw 42 large, the peripheral speed of the claw tip 42b can be increased. Thereby, it becomes possible to cultivate the soft field 72 in the fine soil, and the tilling (plowing) performance can be improved.
Further, by keeping the rotation diameter D3 of the first outer tillage claw 42 large, the deep tilling work of the soft farm field 72 becomes possible, and the tilling (plowing) performance can be improved.

As shown in FIG. 12A, the tilling device 20 moves forward as indicated by an arrow L, and the second drive shaft 31 rotates in the reverse direction as indicated by an arrow N.
As the second drive shaft 31 rotates, the second outer tillage claw 62 rotates in the reverse direction as indicated by an arrow N.
In the state where the second outer tillage claw 62 is exposed above the soft field 72, the rotation diameter D4 of the second outer tillage claw 62 is adjusted to be large by the biasing force of the elastic member 43.

As shown in FIG. 12 (b), when the second outside tillage nail 62 bites into the soft field 72, a relatively small load (reaction force) F <b> 4 acts on the second outside tilling nail 62.
Since the load (reaction force) F4 is relatively small, the claw tip 62b of the second outer tillage claw 62 can be held in a state of being largely separated from the second drive shaft 31 by the urging force of the elastic member 43.
That is, in a state where the second outside tillage nail 62 has bitten into the soft field 72, the second outside tilling nail 62 is held in a state where the rotation diameter D4 is large by the biasing force of the elastic member 43.

By keeping the rotation diameter D4 of the second outer tilling claw 62 large, the peripheral speed of the claw tip 62b can be increased. Thereby, it becomes possible to cultivate the soft field 72 in the fine soil, and the tilling (plowing) performance can be improved.
Further, by increasing the rotation diameter D4 of the second outer tillage claw 62, the deep tilling work of the soft farm field 72 becomes possible, and the tilling (plowing) performance can be improved.

As shown in FIGS. 11 to 12, when the soft field 72 is cultivated by the cultivating device 20, the second outer cultivating claw 62 is rotated in the reverse direction with respect to the rotation of the first outer cultivating claw 42. A part of the traction force of the first outer tillage claws 42 can be offset by the two outer tillage claws 62.
Thereby, the dashing (jumping out) of the tillage device 20 can be suppressed in the tillage work.

As explained in FIGS. 9 to 12, the first and second outer sides depend on the situation (for example, hardness and softness) of the fields 71 and 72 where the first and second outer tilling claws 42 and 62 are used for plowing. The rotation diameters D3 and D4 of the tilling claws 42 and 62 can be automatically adjusted.
Thereby, it becomes possible to perform the tilling work suitable for the situation of the fields 71 and 72, and can aim at the improvement of work efficiency.

Further, when the first and second outer tilling claws 42 and 62 hit an obstacle such as a stone (not shown) during the tilling work, the first and second outer tilling claws 42 and 62 are provided. Can be released in the direction of retreating against the urging force of the elastic member 43 (that is, the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the drive shaft).
Thereby, for example, it is possible to prevent an obstacle such as a stone (pebbles) from biting into the first and second outer tilling claws 42 and 62.

In addition, when grass (not shown) is wound around the first and second outer tilling claws 42 and 62, the first and second outer tilling claws 42 and 62 are resisted against the urging force of the elastic member 43. It can be folded compactly by rotating it.
Thus, by folding the first and second outer tilling claws 42 and 62 in a compact manner, the grass wound around the first and second outer tilling claws 42 and 62 can be easily removed without trouble. Can do.

  Next, the tilling device 80 according to the second embodiment and the tilling device 90 according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, in Example 2, 3, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the same / similar member as the tilling apparatus 20 of Example 1, and description is abbreviate | omitted.

The tillage device 80 according to the second embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 13 to 14, the tilling device 80 uses a rod-shaped member 82 instead of the elastic member 43 of the first embodiment as a connecting member, and other configurations are the same as those of the tilling device 20 of the first embodiment. It is.

The rod-shaped member 82 is a connecting rod having a first screw portion 82b provided at one end portion of the rod main body 82a and a second screw portion 82c provided at the other end portion of the rod main body 82a.
The first screw portion 82 b is penetrated through the first connection mounting hole 53 of the first outer holder plate 41 and protrudes from the first connection mounting hole 53.
The first screw portion 82 b is attached to the first outer holder plate 41 by screwing a nut 84 to the first screw portion 82 b protruding from the first connection attachment hole 53.

The second screw portion 82 c is penetrated through the second connection mounting hole 54 of the claw base end portion 42 a and protrudes from the second connection mounting hole 54.
The second screw portion 82c is attached to the claw base end portion 42a (that is, the first outer tillage claw 42) by screwing the nut 85 to the second screw portion 82c protruding from the second connection attachment hole 54. Yes.

Therefore, the 1st outer side holder plate 41 and the nail | claw base end part 42a (1st outer side cultivation claw 42) are connected by the rod-shaped member 82. FIG.
Thus, by connecting the first outer holder plate 41 and the claw base end portion 42a with the rod-shaped member 82, the rod-shaped member 82 prevents the first outer tilling claw 42 from rotating about the support bolt 48. it can.

  Accordingly, for example, when only the hard field 71 (see FIGS. 9A and 9B) is cultivated with the cultivator 80 or when a highly accurate cultivating (plowing) operation is performed, the first outer cultivating claw The rotation performance of 42 can be suppressed (that is, fixed) and the tillage performance can be suitably secured.

Furthermore, by connecting the 1st outer side holder plate 41 and the nail | claw base end part 42a with the rod-shaped member 82, it becomes possible to rotate the 1st outer side cultivation nail | claw 42 to both the normal rotation direction and a reverse rotation direction.
That is, it is possible to rotate the first outer tillage claw 42 in both the normal rotation direction and the reverse rotation direction without exchanging the attachment state of the first outer tillage claw 42 for normal rotation and reverse rotation.

By switching the rotation of the first drive shaft 24 in the reverse direction by the forward / reverse switching mechanism of the power transmission mechanism, the first outside tillage claw 42 can be rotated in the reverse direction to perform roughing work on the field.
In addition, when the 1st outer side tilling nail | claw 42 is rotated in the normal rotation direction, generally the cultivation work and the weeding work of a farm field are performed.

The tillage device 90 according to the third embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 15, the tilling device 90 arranges the adjacent first outer tilling claws 42 so as to intersect with each other above the farm field (hard farm field) 91, and the adjacent second outer tilling claws 62 (FIG. 8). Reference) is arranged so as to intersect each other above the farm field 91, and the other configuration is the same as that of the tilling device 20 of the first embodiment.

  In other words, the first outer tilling claws 42 of the first outer tillage means 26 and the first outer tilling claws 42 of the first intermediate tilling means 27 are so exposed that the claw tip portions 42b intersect with each other while being exposed above the field 91. Has been placed.

Therefore, when each first outer tillage claw 42 enters the inside of the field 91, each elastic member 43 (one is not shown) is elastically deformed and arranged at a position where each first outer tillage claw 42 does not intersect. Is done.
Thereby, since each 1st outer tillage nail | claw 42 can be arrange | positioned in the agricultural field 91, between each 1st outer tillage nail 42, obstructions (not shown), such as a stone (gravel), are bitten. Can be prevented even better.

  Here, the configuration in which the adjacent second outer tilling claws 62 intersect with each other above the farm field 91 is the same as the configuration in which the adjacent first outer tilling claws 42 intersect with each other above the farm field 91, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

Note that the tilling devices 20, 80, 90 according to the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be changed or improved as appropriate.
For example, in the first embodiment, a tension spring is exemplified as the elastic member 43, but the elastic member 43 is not limited to this, and other elastic members such as a compression spring may be used.

Moreover, although the said Example 1-3 demonstrated the example provided with the left and right 1st tillage mechanism 21 and the 2nd left and right 2nd tillage mechanism 22 in the tilling apparatus 20, it is not restricted to this, The left and right 1st tillage mechanism It is also possible to have only 21.
When the tiller 20 includes only the left and right first tillers 21, the rotation diameter D <b> 3 is reduced by moving the claw tip 42 b in the direction approaching the first drive shaft 24, so that the tiller operation can be performed. Dashing can be suppressed.

Furthermore, in the said Example 2, although the connection rod (solid) was illustrated as the rod-shaped member 82, it is not restricted to this, It is also possible to use other rod-shaped members, such as a connection pipe (hollow).
Furthermore, although the example which connected the rod-shaped member 82 to the 1st outer side holder plate 41 and the 1st outer side tillage nail 42 using the 1st, 2nd screw parts 82b and 82c and nuts 84 and 85 was explained, it is not restricted to this. It is also possible to use other connecting members such as a split pin.

  Further, the first outer holder plate 41, the first outer tillage claw 42, the elastic member 43, the rod-like member 82, the protrusion 44, the second outer holder plate 61, the second outer tillage claw 62, etc., shown in the first to third embodiments. These shapes and configurations are not limited to those illustrated, and can be changed as appropriate.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is suitable for application to a cultivator provided with a cultivator capable of cultivating soil by extending a plurality of cultivating claws substantially radially from a drive shaft and rotating the cultivate claws with the drive shaft.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 20,80 ... Tilling device, 24 ... First drive shaft (drive shaft), 31 ... Second drive shaft (drive shaft), 38 ... Axis, 41 ... First outer holder plate (holder plate), 42 ... First outer side Tillage claw (cultivation claw), 42a ... nail base end (base end), 42c ... nail middle (intermediate), 43 ... elastic member (connecting member), 44 ... protrusion (stopper), 61 ... second outer side Holder plate (holder plate), 62 ... second outer tillage claw (cultivation claw), 62a ... claw base end part (base end part), 62c ... claw intermediate part (intermediate part), 82 ... rod-shaped member (connection member).

Claims (4)

A holder plate provided on the drive shaft;
A tilling claw in which an intermediate part is rotatably provided on the holder plate;
A connecting member that connects the base end portion away from the middle portion of the tilling claw to the holder plate and holds the tilling claw so that it can be cultivated;
A tilling device for driving the tilling claw to a tilling state by rotating the drive shaft about an axis.   The tilling device according to claim 1, wherein the connecting member is an elastic member.   The tilling device according to claim 1, wherein the connecting member is a rod-shaped member.   The tilling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the holder plate is provided with a protrusion for restricting the rotation of the tilling claw.

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