JPH0819679B2 - Sloping ground surface protection structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a structure for protecting a sloping ground surface with a vegetation layer, and the protection structure of the present invention is particularly soilless or rocky. It is effective when applied to a ground surface where vegetation is difficult and has a steep slope, such as pebbles, weathered land, silas, thin land, or soil with high soil hardness.

[Background of the Invention]

The risk of ground collapse is extremely large on soil-free land, rocky land, gravel boulders, and other fragile structures where the ground surface has a steep slope.

Therefore, in the related art, such a ground surface is covered with a wire net, the wire net is fixed to the ground surface by an anchor pin, and a mortar adhesive is sprayed on the wire net to fix the wire net to the anchor pin and the ground. Has been adopted. Then, in order to further strengthen the ground surface, natural vegetation greening on the ground surface is expected, or seeding is actively performed.

However, in the case where the above-mentioned ground is shirasu, thin ground, or ground with high soil hardness, it is difficult to germinate and grow plants, and it is difficult to promote vegetation greening simply by natural vegetation and sowing.

[Conventional technology]

Therefore, for the ground in such a situation, a construction method conventionally called a soil-dwelling method has been conventionally used. With the above-mentioned soil method, soil, seeds, and a mixture of soil improvers, etc. are sprayed on the ground surface to cover the ground surface as described above to form a vegetation base layer, whereby the plant is smoothly processed in the base layer. It is intended to germinate and grow.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional technique, the vegetation base layer has to have a flexible rough structure in order to facilitate vegetation. The vegetation base layer becomes easy to flow out.

For this reason, measures have been adopted to reinforce the vegetation base layer by adding erosion preventives and curing agents such as cement, synthetic resin adhesives, fibers, etc. By strengthening the effect of suppressing the outflow of layers,
The internal bond of the vegetation base layer becomes dense and the growth of plants is inhibited.

[Means for solving the problem]

As a means for solving the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention provides a lower wire net (2), which is a rhombic wire net covering the inclined ground surface (1) and using a wire having a large diameter, and the lower wire net (2). A lower anchor pin (3) fixed to the ground surface (1), and a vegetation base layer (4) mainly formed of a mixture of soil, seeds and a soil improving agent formed on the lower wire mesh (2); A fiber entanglement layer (5) which covers the vegetation base layer (4) and is capable of naturally collapsing and vegetation penetrates; an upper wire mesh (6) which covers the fiber entanglement layer (5); The upper wire net (6) and the fiber entanglement layer (5) are composed of an upper anchor pin (7) for fixing the upper wire net (6) to the ground surface (1) through the fiber entanglement layer (5). Above it is provided a protective structure for the sloping ground surface (1) which is sprayed with mortar adhesive.

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

[Sloping ground surface]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is particularly applied to a steep ground surface of a ground having a fragile structure such as a soilless land, a rocky land, a gravel boulder land, a weathered Masa land, a Shirasu land, a thin land, or a ground with high soil hardness or not suitable for vegetation. However, the present invention is not limited to these and is naturally applied to a general sloping ground surface.

[Lower wire mesh]

The lower wire mesh is directly coated on the sloping ground surface,
The lower wire net is fixed to the ground surface by a lower anchor pin. The lower wire mesh is to be covered on the inclined ground surface in order to directly prevent the ground collapse on the inclined ground surface and to hold the vegetation base layer formed on the lower wire mesh. Select a diamond-shaped wire mesh using a large diameter wire rod as the wire mesh. Rhombus wire mesh is easier to use wire with a larger diameter than Kameiko wire mesh and crimp wire mesh.
Using a wire with a large diameter will improve the strength and durability of the wire mesh, and it will be possible to reliably prevent the ground from collapsing.In addition, the thickness of the rhombus wire mesh will be large, and the wire located below will be the ground surface. Even if they are in close contact with each other, the wire located on the upper side is in a state of floating from the ground surface, and the biting effect of the wire in such a floating state allows the vegetation base layer to be easily and firmly held. Furthermore, since the diamond-shaped wire mesh can be folded compactly, it is easy to handle heavy objects and steep slopes with poor footing. As the wire used for the lower wire mesh, a steel wire or a galvanized wire in consideration of durability is used.

A mortar adhesive may be sprayed on the ground surface covered with a wire mesh and fixed with anchor pins. The mortar adhesive is particularly effective when the ground has a fragile structure that tends to cause slope collapse due to gravel and rock slippage in soil-free ground, rocky ground, gravel rock mass, etc., and in this case, the mortar adhesive is In particular, the anchor pin of the wire mesh and the rock covering part of the wire mesh are mainly sprayed to fix the wire mesh with the anchor pin or rock, or sprayed on the gravel under the wire mesh through the wire mesh to make the gravel mutual. Adhesive fixing. It is enough to cover with a mesh and fix with anchor pins on the ground where masa weathered land, shirasu land, thin land, or soil with high soil hardness, which is not suitable for vegetation and there is no risk of slope collapse However, it is preferable to spray the mortar adhesive thinly on the wire netting in order to prevent the wire netting from being corroded.

[Vegetation base layer]

The vegetation base layer of the present invention is mainly composed of natural soil or artificial soil such as bark compost, sawdust compost, compost, peat moss, or the like, or a mixture of soil and seed such as natural soil or a mixed soil of two or more kinds of artificial soil. Further, the mixture contains a soil conditioner such as a pH adjuster, an air permeability modifier, a thickener, a water retention agent, a soil aggregating agent, an erosion inhibitor, a curing agent, and a fertilizer. Used according to the nature of. However, in the present invention, since the fiber entanglement layer and the upper wire mesh are coated on the vegetation base layer as described later, the addition of an erosion inhibitor or a curing agent as a means for preventing outflow of the vegetation base layer is omitted. May be negligible. Addition of a large amount of the erosion inhibitor and the curing agent makes the structure of the vegetation base layer dense and inhibits vegetation.

As seeds mixed in the soil, it is desirable to select a type in consideration of soil stabilization and invasion of native vegetation in the early stage of vegetation, and it is further desirable to mix and use several types of such selected types. .

The vegetation base layer is usually formed by spraying the mixture onto a ground surface covered with a lower wire mesh, but if the vegetation base layer of a desired thickness cannot be obtained by one spraying, it is repeated several times. You may spray separately. The vegetation base layer may have a uniform structure composed of the above mixture,
You may make it a multi-layered structure from which a composition and a mixing ratio differ. For example, when a certain type of soil improver is expected to cause phytotoxicity, the layer in which the seed is mixed should not be mixed with a harmful soil improver.

[Fiber entanglement layer]

The fiber entanglement layer used in the present invention covers and protects the vegetation base layer, and also anchors and fixes seeds flying from the outside, and the fiber entanglement layer is a fiber having a relatively large diameter (coarse fiber).
It has a rough structure that allows buds or young leaves of plants growing from the vegetation base layer to pass therethrough, and that the outflow of the vegetation base layer due to rainwater can be prevented from engaging by the interlocking of fibers. Further, the fiber entangled layer is to alleviate the impact force such as raindrops from above being directly exerted on the ground surface of the vegetation base layer, and for that purpose, it has a certain thickness, and the fiber is tough. Is desirable. Further, it is desirable that the fibers are naturally decomposed by rot or ultraviolet decomposition after the progress of vegetation and greening to be used as fertilizers. From the above point, palm fiber,
Vegetable fibers such as hemp fibers are preferred for the fiber entanglement layer of the present invention. The fibers are entangled with a binder such as synthetic rubber latex, natural rubber latex or synthetic resin emulsion to form a fiber entangled layer. The binder does not interfere with the collapse of the fibers. It is desirable to use it in the minimum amount, and it is desirable that the adhesive force deteriorates with time.

(Upper wire mesh)

An upper wire mesh is coated on the fiber entangled layer, and the upper wire mesh is fixed to the ground surface by an anchor pin.
The upper wire gauze presses the fiber entanglement layer from above to bring it into close contact with the vegetation base layer so that there is no gap between them, and when the vegetation greening progresses and the fiber entanglement layer collapses, the collapsing material is scattered. In order to prevent the above, the upper wire mesh is not required to have strength, and it is desirable that it is flexible and easily conforms to the unevenness of the ground surface. From that point, the hexagonal wire mesh is desirable as the upper wire mesh of the present invention. As the wire rod of the upper wire net, a steel wire, or a zinc-plated wire rod, a plastic-coated wire rod or the like is used in consideration of durability.

If the upper wire mesh and the fiber entanglement layer are pre-bonded to each other and stored as a scroll, the fiber entanglement layer can be coated and the upper wire mesh can be coated in one step during the construction on site. The layer is reinforced by the wire mesh, which makes it easy to handle.

[Mortar adhesive]

Mortar adhesive is mainly composed of a mixture of cement and natural rubber latex, styrene-butadiene rubber latex, synthetic rubber latex such as neoprene rubber latex, and binder such as synthetic resin emulsion such as acrylic resin emulsion and vinyl acetate resin emulsion. And
Further, if desired, polyvinyl alcohol, a stabilizer such as carboxymethyl cellulose, a defoaming agent, sand, gravel, aggregates such as stone powder, a cement hardening regulator, a cement expanding agent, etc. are blended, and the mortar adhesive is the above. It is sprayed on the upper surface of the fiber entanglement layer to prevent the fiber entanglement layer from collapsing for a short time and to form a rough surface to reinforce the anchoring and fixing of seeds flying from the outside. The mortar adhesive may be sprayed before coating the fiber entanglement layer with the upper wire mesh, but is preferably sprayed after coating with the upper wire mesh. A large amount of spraying of the mortar adhesive closes the upper surface of the fiber entanglement layer to prevent plants from penetrating the fiber entanglement layer, and seeds flying from the outside are anchored by the fiber entanglement layer. It is desirable that the amount of spraying be appropriate and that the particles be sprinkled in a spot-like manner, since it hinders the spraying. When spraying the mortar adhesive after coating the wire mesh, spray the wire of the wire mesh to the extent that a thin coating of the mortar adhesive can be made, and also spray the anchor pin fixing point by focusing on the anchor pin and the wire mesh, and then the wire mesh. The fiber entangled layer can be firmly fixed to the fiber entangled layer, and the fiber entangled layer can be firmly fixed via the wire mesh without closing the upper surface of the fiber entangled layer by a plurality of such fixing points.

The mortar adhesive is the same as that used for fixing the lower wire net and the ground surface.

[Action]

The sloping ground surface is directly prevented from collapsing by fixing the lower wire mesh with the lower anchor pin. The lower wire net is a thick rhombic wire net using a large diameter wire rod, has excellent strength and durability, reliably prevents ground collapse, and digs into the vegetation base layer from the bottom side to strengthen it. Hold on. On the other hand, the diamond wire mesh can be folded compactly, is extremely easy to handle and has good workability on site. The vegetation base layer provides smooth vegetation greening regardless of the type of ground where vegetation is difficult. Then, the vegetation base layer is held by the lower wire mesh as described above. The fiber entanglement layer prevents outflow of the vegetation base layer due to rainwater and the like, and also anchors the seeds flying from the outside. The wire mesh is pressed against the fiber entangled layer by an anchor pin so that the wire mesh is closely attached to the vegetation base layer without any gap. When a gap is formed between the fiber entanglement layer and the vegetation base layer, the plant sprouted and grown from the vegetation base layer can penetrate the fiber entanglement layer by the time it reaches the fiber entanglement layer. There is a possibility that it will grow to the extent that it disappears. By spraying the mortar adhesive on the upper wire netting and the fiber entanglement layer, it is possible to prevent the fiber entanglement layer from prematurely collapsing and to ensure the anchoring of seeds flying from the outside. The wire of the upper wire mesh can maintain weather resistance until the mortar adhesive coated with the mortar adhesive ages and peels off or becomes neutral and loses the ability to protect. Further, the mortar adhesive fixes the anchor pin, the wire netting, and the fiber entanglement layer so that the fiber entanglement layer can be firmly fixed to the ground surface without closing the upper surface of the fiber entanglement layer. Although the fiber entanglement layer is naturally destroyed as the vegetation is greened, scattering of the destroyed products is prevented by the upper wire net. The ground will be reinforced by plant roots if vegetation and greening proceed.

If a tortoise wire mesh is used as the upper wire mesh, its flexibility makes it easy to adapt to the unevenness of the ground surface.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which the surface (ground surface) (1) of the ground (8) is inclined, and the lower side, which is a rhombic wire mesh, is on the ground surface (1). The wire mesh (2) is covered, and the lower wire mesh (2) is fixed to the ground surface (1) at a predetermined position by a lower anchor pin (3). The vegetation base layer (4) is formed on the lower wire net (2) by spraying a mixture containing soil, seeds and a soil improving agent as main components. The surface of the vegetation base layer (4) is covered with a plant fiber entanglement layer (5) having an upper wire net (6), which is a hexagonal wire net, adhered to the upper surface, and fixed to the ground surface (1) by an upper anchor pin (7). Then, the fiber entanglement layer (5) is pressed against the vegetation base layer (4) by the upper wire netting (6) so that no gap is generated. The mortar adhesive is sprinkled and sprayed from above the upper wire net (6), and the mortar adhesive is intensively sprayed onto the fixing points of the upper anchor pin (7) to form the mortar adhesive layer (9). It is formed.

Thus, in this embodiment, the ground surface (1) is reinforced by the lower wire mesh (2), the vegetation base layer (4) is held by the lower wire mesh (2), and the fiber entanglement layer (5) is Upper wire mesh (6)
Is pressed against the vegetation base layer (4) so as not to generate a gap by the mortar adhesive (9) and the fiber entanglement layer (5).
Is fixed to the ground surface (1) via the upper wire net (6).

In the above structure, the seeds of the vegetation base layer (4) germinate, the shoots or young leaves of the plant penetrate the fiber entanglement layer (5) and grow, and the roots penetrate into the ground (8) and To strengthen. As the vegetation greening progresses, the fiber entanglement layer (5) decays and collapses, but the dispersal of the collapsed product is caused by the upper wire mesh (6).
Is prevented by.

〔The invention's effect〕

Therefore, in the present invention, since the vegetation base layer is covered on the sloping ground surface, even if the ground surface is of a type that is difficult to vegetate, it is possible to smoothly proceed with vegetation greening, and the vegetation base layer is a lower wire mesh. Supported by the fiber entanglement layer and covered with the fiber entanglement layer, and the fiber entanglement layer is pressed against the fiber entanglement layer without any gaps by the upper wire mesh, and the upper surface is reinforced by the mortar adhesive layer. At the same time, since it is firmly fixed to the ground surface, outflow of rainwater etc. from the vegetation base layer is completely prevented. As a result, even if the ground is fragile and the ground surface is steeply sloped, it is surely reinforced by the vegetation greening proceeding smoothly.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, (1) …… ground surface, (2) …… lower wire mesh, (3)
...... Lower anchor pin, (4) …… Vegetation base layer, (5) …… Fiber entanglement layer, (6)
…… Upper wire mesh, (7) …… Upper anchor pin, (8) …… Ground, (9) …… Mortar adhesive layer

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A lower wire mesh which is a diamond-shaped wire mesh that covers a sloped ground surface and uses a wire having a large diameter, a lower anchor pin that fixes the lower wire mesh to the ground surface, and a lower wire mesh formed on the lower wire mesh. Vegetation base layer mainly composed of a mixture of soil, seeds and soil improver, fiber entanglement layer covering the vegetation base layer and capable of natural collapse and vegetation penetration, and covering the fiber entanglement layer And an upper anchor pin that fixes the upper wire mesh to the ground surface via a fiber entanglement layer, and a mortar adhesive is sprayed on the upper wire mesh and the fiber entanglement layer. Protective structure for sloping ground surface 2. The protection structure for a sloping ground surface according to claim 1, wherein the lower wire mesh is a diamond wire mesh and the upper wire mesh is a hexagonal wire mesh.