JP2007002427A - Slope greening structure and method of constructing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To sufficiently secure water retentivity so as to prevent vegetation growing on a slope from dying down even if dry weather continues over a long time, to thereby accelerate the greening of the slope. <P>SOLUTION: According to the slope greening structure, the slope is not only covered with a surface layer material, but has a plurality of pits of a predetermined depth bored therein in a natural ground direction or a depth direction. Each pit is filled with a water retaining material formed of a high water-absorbing material (polymer). Therefore when a large amount of rainwater is retained in each pit during raining, and even if dry weather continues, the slope is protected from drying by virtue of water feeding from the water retaining material in the pits, thus preventing vegetation from dying down and formation of shaded areas on the slope by virtue of the vegetation, leading to the prevention of the evaporation of moisture and the retention of the moisture, to thereby exert an excellent effect of the efficient acceleration of the greening of the slope. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  In particular, the present invention relates to a greening structure and a construction method thereof on a slope generated by cutting a natural ground in road construction or the like in an arid region, or on a slope where a rock mass having a low water holding capacity is exposed.

  Conventionally, on slopes created by shaving ground in road construction, etc., to prevent collapse due to falling rocks or landslides, for example, a concrete retaining wall is formed along the slope, or a concrete block is anchored. It is fixed by the laying side by side. In such concrete walls or blocks, there is almost no water retention in most cases, so plants do not grow up, and the vegetation grows temporarily during the rainy season from early spring. It is in a situation where it will wither.

  In such a situation, the slope can be greened. For example, the surface of a bearing plate (including concrete and steel plate) fixed on the slope ground by an anchor is covered with a wire mesh, and the wire mesh is The vegetation base material is sprayed until it is fixed to the slope and the wire mesh is hidden, and seeds and plants are planted on the vegetation base material after construction of the soil (see Patent Document 1).

  Other methods of revegetation include a water retention sheet attached to the surface of a bedrock that is to be replanted, a greening fixing structure laminated on the water retention sheet, and the greening The water retention sheet for greening is formed by enclosing a water retention agent in a water-permeable bag, and the water retention agent has alkali resistance and moisture absorption / release properties. And a material that can hold water containing an alkali component mainly composed of calcium ions (see Patent Document 2).

  In addition, after spreading ground improvement material to solidify the loose surface layer on slopes such as slopes that are susceptible to erosion and sliding due to rainwater such as sandy soil, so that the root system of the plant can penetrate, The soil is sprayed, and the ground improvement material is a mixture of fine bark soil, alpha green bonding material, fiber coating material, chemical fertilizer, etc. in an appropriate ratio (patent document) 3).

JP 2004-27574 A JP 2004-84415 A JP 2004-137772 A

  However, in the known technique of Patent Document 1, the vegetation base material mainly composed of earth and sand sprayed until the wire mesh disposed on the surface of the bearing plate is hidden is supported without collapsing by the wire mesh. In some cases, large grains of earth and sand are actually supported, but small-diameter earth and sand are washed away, which reduces the water retention capacity of the vegetation base material, and there is a part where buds appear in early spring and are temporarily greened. However, there is a problem that in the summertime when the sunshine continues, the plants die out due to drying of the vegetation base material.

  In the known technique of Patent Document 2, a water retention sheet for greening in which a water retention agent is sealed in a water-permeable bag is laid on the slope, and a fixing plate for greening or a fixing structure for greening is laminated thereon, Further, the vegetation base material is laminated. The presence of a water retention sheet for greening in these laminated structures is preferable in maintaining water retention, but a greening fixing plate or a greening fixing plate is formed on the upper part. The structure and vegetation base material are laminated, but again, the water retention sheet is only laid flat on the surface of the slope, and in the summer when the sunshine continues in dry areas, it is laminated on the top. Although it depends on the thickness of the vegetation base material, the vegetation base material itself has a problem that it dries and the plant withers.

  Furthermore, even in the known technique of Patent Document 3, the surface layer is solidified with a ground improvement material, but since the water retention function is not given to the surface layer, it cannot be applied in a dry region, Even if it is not an arid region, it has a problem that if the sunshine continues in the summer, the surface layer will dry and the plant will die.

  In any case, in the greening method of the slope with relatively poor water retention in the conventional example, a support plate is fixed to the surface layer portion with an anchor material to prevent the slope from collapsing, and a wire mesh is laid thereon. If the vegetation base material is sprayed, the vegetation base material has insufficient water retention so that the plant will not grow, and a water retention sheet for greening is laid, and the fixing structure for greening and the vegetation base material are placed on it. In the case of stacking and further solidifying the surface layer of the slope with ground improvement material, the water retention is insufficient when prolonged sunshine continues, and it becomes impossible to grow and maintain plants due to insufficient moisture. It will not be possible to plant trees.

  Therefore, in the prior art, even if sunshine continues for a long period of time, it is possible to maintain sufficient water retention so that the vegetation growing on the slope does not wither, thereby promoting the greening of the slope. Has a problem.

  The slope planting structure according to the present invention as a specific means for solving the problems of the conventional example described above requires a vertical hole of a required depth in the direction of the natural slope of the natural slope. Provided with a plurality of intervals, each vertical hole is filled with a water-retaining material made of a highly water-absorbing material, and the opening of each vertical hole is closed with a surface layer material. A step of providing a plurality of vertical holes having a required depth in the natural mountain direction of the slope with respect to the slope, and a step of filling each vertical hole with a water retention material made of a superabsorbent material; The most important feature is that the opening of each vertical hole comprises a step of closing with a surface layer material.

  In the invention of the greening structure of the slope, a plurality of pressure bearing plates are arranged on the surface layer material, and tension is fixed by an anchor; the surface layer material is composed of a water retention sheet material and a vegetation base material. And in the invention of the slope greening construction method, a step of arranging a plurality of bearing plates on the surface layer material and fixing the tension with an anchor; the surface layer material is laid with a water-retaining sheet material; Each layer includes spraying a vegetation base material on top of each other as an additional requirement.

The greening structure of the slope according to the present invention not only forms the surface layer material on the slope, but also provides a plurality of vertical holes of a required depth in the natural ground direction with respect to the slope, and the superabsorbent material in each vertical hole By filling the water retaining material made of (polymer), even if the sunshine continues, the slope will not dry out with the water supplied from the water retaining material in the vertical hole, so that the plants growing on the slope will not wither, Since the slope can be shaded and the moisture is prevented from evaporating and the moisture is retained, the slope can be greened efficiently.
In addition, even if the slope ground absorbs excessive water during heavy rain, it retains rainwater due to the presence of a water-retaining sheet material on the surface of the slope and the presence of a highly water-absorbing water retaining material in the vertical hole. At the same time, there is an excellent effect that the slope is pressed together with the bearing plate so as not to collapse.

Next, the present invention will be described in detail based on specific embodiments.
A cross section of the sloped greening structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown in FIG. This greening structure is, for example, a case where the slope of the slope 1 that has cut the ground is relatively gentle, and is made of, for example, sandy soil or bedrock that has an inclination angle of approximately 40 degrees or less and low water retention. A surface layer 4 is formed by laying a water retentive sheet material 2 on the slope 1 and depositing a vegetation base material 3 on the slope 1 to a desired thickness by, for example, spraying means. To do.

  Prior to the formation of the surface layer portion 4, a plurality of vertical holes 5 are provided at a necessary interval in the natural mountain direction, preferably in a direction substantially perpendicular to the slope 1. The vertical holes 5 in this case have, for example, a diameter of about 100 mm or less, preferably about 50 to 70 mm and a depth of about 1 to 1.5 m. After the required amount of the water retaining material 6 made of nonwoven fabric or the like is filled, the opening is closed with the surface layer portion 4.

  As the water retention sheet material 2 for forming the surface layer portion 4, a known material used for this kind of greening can be used as it is, and a well-known material can be used as the vegetation base material 3. . For example, soil is mainly used, and fertilizer components and plant seeds are blended into it, and any material that can be sprayed may be used. And since the water retention sheet | seat material 2 laid in the slope 1 may be fixed so that it may not slip by driving a bamboo pile of about 20 cm to 50 cm into the slope 1 in a plurality of places. is there.

  Further, the superabsorbent polymer or fibrous water retention material 6 filled in the vertical hole 5 has a water absorption rate of at least about 100 times, and a required amount may be directly put into the vertical hole 5. In such a case, for example, a material stored in an elongated bag formed of a biodegradable material such as paper having water permeability and swellability may be inserted and stored in the vertical hole 5 in advance. is there.

  The second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the greening structure, and FIG. 3 shows the front side thereof. The greening structure according to the second embodiment is also a structure that greens with respect to the slope 1 with the ground cut, and the slope angle of the slope 1 exceeds 40 degrees and is about 45 to 60 degrees. It applies to slopes that are inclined. As in the first embodiment, a water retention sheet material 2 is laid on the slope 1 and a vegetation base material 3 is deposited on the upper portion thereof by, for example, spraying means to form a surface layer portion 4. To do.

  After the surface layer portion 4 is formed on the slope 1 in this way, a plurality of bearing plates 7 made of concrete blocks or steel plates and having cross-shaped legs are arranged and arranged. Each of the anchors 9 is fixed to the slope 1 by a anchor 9 through a fixing recess 8 provided in the fixing portion. The fixing end of the anchor 9 in the fixing recess 8 is covered with a cap or fixed after fixing. The concave portion 8 is entirely filled and rust-proofed.

  As in the first embodiment, in the surroundings of the fixed bearing plate 7, in particular, in the natural mountain direction with respect to the slope 1 like the anchor direction, preferably around each anchor 9, A plurality of vertical holes 5 are provided in a substantially perpendicular direction, and after filling each vertical hole 5 with a water retaining material 6 made of a required amount of superabsorbent polymer, the opening of the vertical hole 5 is closed by the surface layer portion 4.

  In this case, the surface layer 4 and the support plate 7 may be formed after the vertical hole 5 is first drilled in the slope 1 and the water retaining material 6 is filled. The vertical hole 5 may be drilled after the formation of the portion 4 and the support plate 7 are attached. In short, as in the example shown in the first embodiment, the bearing plate 7 is disposed on the surface layer material 4 in the state in which the vertical hole 5 in which the water retaining material 6 is accommodated and the surface layer portion 4 are formed. The fixing hole 7 may be fixed by the anchor 9, or the vertical hole 5 may be formed after fixing the bearing plate 7 on the surface layer portion 4. And if necessary, insert the required resin pipe material (provided with many small holes on the peripheral surface) suitable for the diameter and length of the vertical hole 5 so that the vertical hole 5 does not collapse. It's okay.

  Next, FIGS. 4 to 5 show a third embodiment. In this embodiment, a bearing plate is used. The bearing plate 7 to be used is formed of, for example, a steel plate, and a slab 5a is provided between the cross-shaped legs. It is a thing. In short, the bearing plate 7 with the slab 5a is used. In the case of such a bearing plate 7 with a slab 5a, it is often used when the slope 1 is relatively steep, and not only the legs but also the slabs 5a are pressed against the slope 1 partially. It prevents the collapse.

  And the through-hole 10 which serves as the drain hole is formed in the required position of each slab 5a, The vertical hole 5 is drilled in the slope 1 via this through-hole 10, or the vertical hole previously drilled The through hole 10 may be aligned with the 5 and communicated with each other. In short, the vertical hole 5 in this case is also common to the first embodiment in that it is formed around the anchor 9.

  In this case, the bearing plate 7 is disposed on the slope 1 after the water retention sheet material 2 is laid, and the bearing plate 7 is tension-fixed by the anchor 9 via the fixing recess 8 in the center. In this respect, the order is slightly different from the first embodiment except that the vegetation base material 3 is deposited from the upper part of the bearing plate 7 to the required thickness by the spraying means. However, it is the same in that the surface layer portion 4 is formed by the water retention sheet material 2 and the vegetation base material 3.

  This embodiment is also the same in that the water retaining material 6 is put in or stored in the vertical hole 5 as in the first embodiment. The bearing plate 7 with the slab 5a can be applied in the same way even if it is made of concrete, and the vegetation base material 3 deposited on the upper portion of the bearing plate 7 is further formed of a biodegradable material. It can be covered with a net material.

  Furthermore, when using the bearing plate 7 with the slab 5a, it can also implement in the form which excluded the water retention sheet | seat 2 as the surface layer part 4. FIG. That is, since the slab 5a is present, most of the slope 1 is covered and the evaporation of moisture is suppressed, and the water retaining material 6 is filled and placed in the vertical hole 5 formed in the slope 1. Even if the sunshine continues, water is supplied to the vegetation base material 3 over a long period of time so that the vegetation growing on the vegetation base material 3 does not wither.

  Thus, in any of the embodiments, a plurality of vertical holes 5 are formed in the natural mountain direction or the depth direction with respect to the slope 1 where the natural ground is cut, and the vertical holes 5 are filled with the water retaining material 6. Of course, it is possible to retain the water with the planar water-retaining sheet material 2 on the surface along the slope 1 when it rains, but not only in the planar water-retaining sheet material 2 but also in the vertical holes 5 in the natural mountain direction. The water retaining material 6 in the vertical hole 5 retains water, and the water retaining material 6 in the vertical hole 5 hardly dries unlike the water retaining sheet material 2 on the surface side even if the sunshine continues for a long time. As a result, the water is continuously fed through the vegetation base material 3 to the root portion of the plant that grows on the slope 1 and does not easily die. Regarding the formation of the vertical hole 5, the natural mountain direction is preferably a direction perpendicular to the slope 1, but it includes all of the horizontal direction or a slightly upward direction. It is sufficient if it is in the right direction.

  Also, if the vegetation that grows on the slope 1 does not wither, the surface side will have a lot of shade and the vegetation base material 3 will not dry, so that the vegetation will grow more and more, so that the slope 1 becomes vegetation. It is covered and the greening progresses more and more, and even in a dry zone, the greening can be promoted by the presence of the vertical holes 5 for storing the water retaining material 6. Even when there is a large amount of rainfall in a short time such as squall, the water retaining material 6 absorbs water without causing the water to flow out, so that it is possible to continue water supply to the plants even if drying continues.

  In the third embodiment described above, most of the slope 1 is covered by the slab 5a of the bearing plate 7, but the adjacent gap portion of the bearing plate 7 and the penetration provided in the slab 5a. Moisture from the water-retaining sheet material 2 and the vertical hole 5 is supplied to the vegetation base material 3 through the holes 10, and water is supplied appropriately so that it does not wither plants and plants rooted in the vegetation base material 3. It continues.

  Further, when the vegetation base material 3 formed on the surface of the slope 1 is covered with a net material of biodegradable material, the vegetation base material 3 is pressed by the net material so as not to collapse, at least in between (1-2 years) Since the vegetation grows and the roots are entangled, the vegetation base material 3 does not collapse. After that, even if the net material is corroded and decomposed, the vegetation base material 3 does not slip or collapse from the slope 1.

  In any case, in the present invention, a surface layer portion composed of a water-holding sheet material and a vegetation base material is formed on the surface of the slope, and a plurality of ground layers, preferably in a direction perpendicular to the slope, are formed. The vertical holes are provided, and each vertical hole is filled with a water-retaining material made of a highly water-absorbing polymer so that a large amount of rainwater can be retained during rainfall, so that the slope does not dry even if the sun continues. As a result, the vegetation that grows on the slope is prevented from withering, and the vegetation creates a shade on the slope, preventing moisture from evaporating and retaining the moisture, thereby effecting the greening of the slope. It can contribute to the promotion of greening of slopes in arid areas and can be used effectively and effectively.

1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a part of a slope greening structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing which showed schematically a part of greening structure of the slope which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is the front view which showed a part of tree planting structure concerning the 2nd embodiment schematically. It is the front view which showed roughly a part of slope greening structure which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which showed roughly a part of tree planting structure which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Slope 2 Water retention sheet material 3 Vegetation base material 4 Surface layer part 5 Vertical hole 6 Water retention material 7 Bearing plate 7a Slab 8 Fixing recessed part 9 Anchor 10 Through-hole

Claims (6)

A plurality of vertical holes with the required depth are provided in the natural ground direction of the slope with respect to the slope where the ground is cut,
Each vertical hole is filled with a water-retaining material made of a superabsorbent material,
A slope greening structure characterized in that the opening of each vertical hole is closed with a surface layer material. The sloped greening structure according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of bearing plates are disposed on the surface material and are tension-fixed by an anchor. 3. The sloped greening structure according to claim 1, wherein the surface layer material includes a water retention sheet material and a vegetation base material. A step of providing a plurality of vertical holes having a required depth in the direction of the natural slope of the slope with respect to the slope where the natural ground has been cut;
Filling each vertical hole with a water-retaining material made of a superabsorbent material;
A method of greening a slope, characterized in that the opening of each vertical hole comprises a step of closing with a surface material. The method of revegetation of a slope according to claim 4, further comprising a step of arranging a plurality of bearing plates on the surface material and fixing the tension by an anchor. The method for revegetation of a slope according to any one of claims 4 to 5, wherein the surface layer material is laminated by spraying a vegetation base material on a water-retaining sheet material.

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