JP2005155244A - Ground surface greening structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a deer from intruding into a vegetation layer formed on a ground surface. <P>SOLUTION: The ground surface 1 is covered with a vegetation bedrock layer 4; the whole surface or periphery of the bedrock layer 4 is covered with an upper side wire net 5 whose mesh has a diameter of 16 mm or less; and the wire net 5 is fixed from above by means of an anchor pin 6. When getting on the wire net 5, the deer slips and cannot walk. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention particularly relates to a greening structure of a ground surface that protects an inclined ground surface by a vegetation layer.

The sloped ground surface is covered with a vegetation layer to prevent the ground from collapsing and protect it.
As a conventional method of revegetation, the ground surface is covered with or without a lower wire mesh, and a mixture of soil, seeds, soil conditioner, etc. is sprayed from above to form a vegetation base layer, and from above A method of covering the upper wire mesh or covering the palm fiber mat and then covering the upper wire mesh, and fixing the upper wire mesh with an anchor pin is employed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
As the upper metal mesh, a turtle shell metal mesh having a mesh diameter of 26 mm or 40 mm is usually used.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-2295 (FIGS. 1 and 2)

  Recently, the number of deer inhabiting has increased nationwide, and the damage caused by deer entering the vegetation layer and trampling and eating the vegetation layer has increased dramatically. Repairing a vegetation layer that has been trampled or eaten by deer can be extremely difficult in mountainous areas.

As a means for solving the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention covers the ground surface (1) with a vegetation base layer (4), and the entire surface or the periphery of the vegetation base layer (4) is a mesh having a diameter of 16 mm or less. The greening structure of the ground surface (1) covered with the upper wire mesh (5) and fixed with the anchor pin (6) from above is provided.
The surface of the vegetation base layer (4) may be coated with an upper plant fiber net, and the upper metal mesh (5) may be coated thereon.
It is desirable that a deer repellent is mixed in the vegetation base layer, and it is also desirable that a deer repellent be applied to the upper plant fiber net and / or the upper wire net (5). The ground surface (1) may be covered with the lower wire mesh (2) and / or the lower plant fiber net and fixed with the anchor pins (3), and then the vegetation base layer (4) may be covered. Usually, it is desirable that the upper wire mesh (5) is a turtle shell wire mesh, and the lower wire mesh (2) is a diamond wire mesh.
The greening structure of the present invention is usefully applied to an inclined ground surface (1).

  Therefore, in the present invention, since the vegetation base layer formed on the ground surface is covered with the upper wire mesh, it is surely prevented that a deer enters the vegetation layer and the vegetation layer is eroded even if treaded by the deer. Is done.

The present invention is described in detail below.
[Inclined ground surface]
The present invention is applied particularly to a steep ground surface having a fragile structure such as a soilless area, a rocky area, a gravel rock mass, a masa weathered area, a shirasu area, a remote area, or a ground having a high soil hardness or is not suitable for vegetation. However, the present invention is not particularly limited thereto, and the present invention is naturally applicable to a general inclined ground surface or a non-tilted ground surface.
The vegetation base layer may be directly formed and coated on the ground surface, or the plant base layer may be formed and covered after covering the lower wire net and / or the lower plant fiber net. The lower wire mesh and the lower plant fiber net are fixed to the ground surface by anchor pins, and a vegetation base layer formed on the lower wire mesh and the lower plant fiber net for directly preventing ground collapse on the inclined ground surface Used for the purpose of holding.

[Lower wire mesh]
As the lower wire mesh, a diamond wire mesh using a large-diameter wire is selected. Rhombus wire mesh is easier to use wire with larger diameter than turtle wire mesh and crimp wire mesh, and using wire with larger diameter can improve the strength and durability of wire mesh and ensure the prevention of ground collapse. In addition, the rhombus metal mesh becomes thicker, and even if the lower wire is in close contact with the ground surface, the upper wire is in a state of floating from the ground surface. The vegetation base layer is easily and firmly held by the biting effect of the wire in the state of being damaged. Furthermore, since the rhombus wire mesh can be folded compactly, it is easy to handle heavy objects and steep slopes with poor scaffolding. As the wire used for the lower wire mesh, a steel wire or a galvanized wire is used in consideration of durability.

[Plant fiber net]
The plant fiber used in the plant fiber net mainly includes palm fiber, but other hemp fiber, kenaf fiber, bamboo fiber, and the like may be used. As the plant fiber net, one having a plain weave and a mesh diameter of about 20 to 30 mm is usually used.

[Cover of wire mesh or net on ground surface]
The ground surface is covered with the wire mesh or the net and fixed with an anchor pin. A mortar adhesive may be sprayed from above. The mortar adhesive is particularly effective when the ground is soilless, rocky, gravel rock mass, etc., and has a fragile structure that is liable to cause slope collapse due to gravel or rock sliding. In this case, the mortar adhesive is In particular, the wire mesh or net anchor pin fixing point or the wire mesh or the rock covering part of the net is focused on to fix the wire mesh or net to the anchor pin or rock, or the gravel below the wire mesh or net. The surface is sprayed through a wire mesh or net to bond and fix the gravel. For masa weathered land, shirasu land, dredged land, or ground with high soil hardness that is not suitable for vegetation, but with no risk of slope collapse, cover with metal mesh or net and fix with anchor pin In the case of a wire mesh, it is preferable to spray a mortar adhesive thinly over the wire mesh in order to prevent corrosion of the wire mesh.

(Vegetation base layer)
The vegetation base layer of the present invention generally comprises a mixture of soil and seed, such as natural soil, or artificial soil such as bark compost, sawdust compost, compost, peat moss, or a mixed soil of two or more of the natural soil and the artificial soil. In addition, the mixture further contains a soil conditioner such as a pH adjuster, air permeability improver, thickener, water retention agent, soil aggregating agent, erosion inhibitor, curing agent, and fertilizer. Use according to the nature of the soil. However, in the present invention, as will be described later, the vegetation base layer may be coated with an upper plant fiber net or an upper wire net. In that case, an erosion inhibitor or a curing agent as the vegetation base layer outflow prevention means The addition of may be omitted or negligible. Addition of a large amount of the erosion inhibitor or curing agent inhibits vegetation by making the structure of the vegetation base layer dense. Further, as the vegetation base layer, a mixture of seeds and fertilizers may be used without using natural soil or artificial soil.
It is desirable to select seeds for the vegetation base layer in consideration of soil stabilization in the early stages of vegetation and invasion of native vegetation, and a mixture of several such selected types should be used. Is desirable.
The vegetation base layer is usually formed by spraying the mixture directly on the ground surface or on the ground surface covered with the lower wire mesh or net, but the vegetation base layer having a desired thickness can be formed by one spraying. If not obtained, spraying may be performed in several times. Moreover, although the said vegetation base layer may take the uniform structure which consists of the said mixture, you may be made into the multilayer structure from which a composition and a mixing ratio differ. For example, when phytotoxicity to a seed is assumed by a certain kind of soil conditioner, a soil conditioner that causes harm is not mixed in the layer where the seed is mixed.

[Upper plant fiber net]
The upper plant fiber net may be coated on the vegetation base layer formed as described above. As described above, a net having a diameter of 20 to 30 mm is usually used as the net, protecting the vegetation base layer in place of the conventional palm fiber mat, and anchoring and fixing seeds flying from the outside, Compared with the coconut fiber mat, the mat can easily pass through the buds of woody materials and the like that develop the foliage.

[Upper wire mesh]
An upper wire mesh is coated on the fiber entangled layer, and the upper wire mesh is fixed to the ground surface by anchor pins. The upper wire mesh presses the plant fiber net from above so that there is no gap between it and the vegetation base layer, and prevents the collapsed material from scattering when the plant fiber net collapses as vegetation greening proceeds. At the same time, it prevents deer from entering the vegetation layer. The upper wire mesh does not require strength and is preferably flexible and easily adaptable to the unevenness of the ground surface. From this point, the turtle shell wire mesh is desirable as the upper wire mesh of the present invention. In order to prevent deer invasion, it is desirable to use a small mesh that prevents the deer's hoof from entering the mesh. Therefore, the upper metal mesh having a mesh diameter d shown in FIG. 1 of 16 mm or less, preferably 14 mm or less, and more preferably 12 mm or less is used. However, from the viewpoint of the flexibility of the wire mesh, the mesh diameter d is 5 mm or more, preferably 7 mm or more. When a deer rides on a wire mesh having a mesh with such a diameter, the hoof does not enter the mesh, and as a result, the deer cannot slide and walk. As the wire of the upper wire mesh, a steel wire, a galvanized wire, a plastic-coated wire or the like is used in consideration of durability, and the wire diameter is about 0.5 to 0.9 mm.
If the upper wire mesh and the vegetable fiber net are bonded in advance and placed as a scroll, the construction of the plant fiber net and the upper wire mesh can be performed in a single step at the time of construction on site. Since it is reinforced by a wire mesh, handling becomes easy. The upper wire mesh may be coated on the entire surface of the vegetation layer or only on the periphery. When covering only the periphery, the wire mesh width is 3 to 7 m, preferably about 4 to 6 m.

[Mortar adhesive]
Mortar adhesive is mainly composed of a mixture of cement and binder such as synthetic rubber latex such as natural rubber latex, styrene butadiene rubber latex and neoprene rubber latex, and synthetic resin emulsion such as acrylic resin emulsion and vinyl acetate resin emulsion. If desired, a stabilizer such as polyvinyl alcohol or carboxymethyl cellulose, an antifoaming agent, an aggregate such as sand, gravel or stone powder, a cement hardening regulator, a cement expanding agent, etc. The agent is not essential in the present invention, but when a plant fiber net is used, it is sprayed on the top surface of the plant fiber net to prevent the plant fiber net from collapsing for a short time and to form a rough surface. This will reinforce anchoring of seeds coming from outside. The mortar adhesive may be sprayed before the vegetable fiber net is covered with the upper wire mesh, but is preferably sprayed after being covered with the upper wire mesh. A large amount of spraying of the mortar adhesive closes the surface of the vegetation base layer to inhibit the germination of the plant or prevents seeds flying from the outside from being moored by the vegetation base layer. It is desirable that the amount of spraying is an appropriate amount and is sprayed in the form of dots. When the mortar adhesive is sprayed after the wire mesh is coated, spray it to the wire of the wire mesh to such an extent that the mortar adhesive can be coated thinly, and focus on the anchor pin fixing point to spray the anchor pin and the wire mesh. The plant fiber net is firmly fixed, and the plant fiber net or the vegetation base layer can be firmly fixed through the wire mesh without closing the upper surface of the vegetation base layer by a plurality of such fixing points.
The mortar adhesive is the same as that used for fixing the lower metal mesh and the ground surface.

[Deer repellent]
In the present invention, as a deer repellent applied to the vegetation base layer and / or the upper plant fiber net and / or the upper wire net, for example, a nonionic paste such as polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, methoxy cellulose or the like is used. There are added wood vinegar. The deer repellent mixed in the vegetation base layer may be sprayed directly on the vegetation base layer, but generally fixed with a piece of wood, wood flour, agar, konjac, jelly or the like. The deer repellent is sprayed, dip coated, spray coated or brushed on the upper fiber mat and / or upper wire mesh as an aqueous solution, organic solvent solution or emulsion.

2 to 5 show an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the inclined ground surface (slope (1)) of the ground G is cleaned to remove floating stones, dust, etc. As shown in FIG. 3, a lower wire mesh (2), which is a rhombus wire mesh, is coated on the slope (1), and the lower wire mesh (2) is attached to the slope at a predetermined position by a lower anchor pin (3). It is fixed to (1). As shown in FIG. 4, a mixture composed mainly of soil, seeds and soil conditioner is sprayed on the lower wire mesh (2) to form a vegetation base layer (4). As shown in FIG. 5, the surface of the vegetation base layer (4) is covered with an upper wire mesh (5) (mesh diameter: 10 mm, wire diameter: 0.7 mm) which is a turtle shell metal mesh, and the slope is covered by an upper anchor pin (6). Fixed to (1).
Thus, in this embodiment, the slope (1) is reinforced by the lower wire mesh (2), the vegetation base layer (4) is held by the lower wire mesh (2), and the upper wire mesh (5) It is fixed to the slope (1).
In the above configuration, the seeds of the vegetation base layer (4) germinate, the buds or young leaves of the plant grow through the upper wire mesh (5), the root penetrates into the ground G and strengthens it, A vegetation layer is formed. And if a deer gets on the upper wire net (5), the deer cannot slide and walk, so that the deer can be prevented from entering the vegetation layer.

  FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a coconut fiber net (7) (mesh diameter 25 mm) is coated on the vegetation base layer (4), and an upper metal mesh (5) is coated thereon. In this embodiment, the vegetation base layer (4) is protected by a palm fiber net (7), and seeds flying from the outside are moored. The plant buds and young leaves pass through the palm fiber net (7) with a mesh diameter of 25 mm without any problem.

  The above embodiment does not limit the present invention, and other than the above embodiment, for example, a plant fiber net may be used instead of the lower wire net (2). Further, a mortar adhesive may be sprayed from above the upper wire mesh (5). The upper wire mesh (5) may be covered only around the vegetation layer as shown in FIG. The mesh width d of the upper metal mesh (5) is 5 m.

  The present invention is mainly applied to greening of an inclined ground surface. According to the present invention, deer can be prevented from entering the vegetation layer on the surface of the vegetation base layer formed on the ground surface by an upper wire net having a mesh diameter of 16 mm or more or a deer repellent.

FIG. 2 to FIG. 5 show an embodiment of the present invention. Illustration of slope cleaning Lower wire mesh cover illustration Vegetation basement layer explanatory drawing Upper wire mesh cover illustration Greening ground side sectional view of another embodiment Greening ground front view of another embodiment

Explanation of symbols

1 Ground surface (slope)
2 Lower wire mesh
3 Lower anchor pin
4 Vegetation base layer
5 Upper wire mesh
6 Upper anchor pin

Claims (8)

  The ground surface greening structure characterized in that the ground surface is covered with a vegetation basement layer, the entire surface or the periphery of the vegetation basement layer is covered with an upper metal mesh having a diameter of 16 mm or less, and fixed with anchor pins from above. .   The greening structure of the ground surface according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the vegetation base layer is covered with an upper plant fiber net, and the upper wire mesh is covered thereon.   The greening structure of the ground surface according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a deer repellent is mixed in the vegetation basement layer.   The greening structure of the ground surface according to claims 1 to 3, wherein a deer repellent is applied to the upper plant fiber net and / or the upper wire net.   The greening structure of the ground surface according to claim 1, wherein the ground surface is covered with a lower metal mesh and / or a lower plant fiber net and fixed with an anchor pin, and a vegetation base layer is coated.   The ground surface greening structure according to claim 1, wherein the upper wire mesh is a turtle shell wire mesh.   6. The ground surface greening structure according to claim 5, wherein the lower wire mesh is a diamond wire mesh.   The ground surface greening structure according to claim 1, wherein the ground surface is inclined.

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