JPH0796787B2 - Prefabricated basement - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a prefabricated basement, and more particularly to a prefabricated basement using PC concrete or the like.

[Conventional technology]

In recent years, the prefabricated method, in which structural parts of a predetermined shape are manufactured in advance in factories, etc. and assembled appropriately on site, has become very popular in recent years. The merit such as is highly evaluated.

In addition, the development of technologies and materials for prefabrication is also underway, and reinforced concrete (RC), which used to be cast in the past, has been manufactured in advance in factories (precast = PC). PC concrete is also used as a living room block that has an internal space equivalent to a living room.

Such a living room block made of PC concrete is also used for prefabricating the basement, for example, by excavating a buried hole of an appropriate volume on the ground, and by burying the living room block inside this buried hole, It is possible to form a basement in the internal space, and it is possible to significantly simplify the work compared to the normal basement construction in which the walls etc. are sequentially formed by casting concrete in-situ.

By the way, when the living room block is made of PC concrete, it is difficult to form a hollow box-like structure with a completely closed space inside by precasting, so when manufacturing the living room block, leave one side open and install it at the time of installation. The open surface is separately closed with a plate made of PC concrete or the like.

When constructing a basement using such a separately closed type living room block, first concrete is cast in situ on the bottom of the burial hole to form the foundation, and the open side is usually on top. After placing the box on the box and fixing the base to the bottom of the box, a concrete concrete slab is attached to the top of the box and the open surface is closed to form a basement inside. .

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, in the separately closed type living room block as described above, there is a problem in that each of the block body and the closing plate material requires a manufacturing cost and a transportation cost, and an assembling work and an extra time are required.

Further, when a basement block is formed using the living room block by the procedure described above, the bottom of the basement has a double structure of the lower surface of the block main body and the foundation supporting the lower surface, which requires extra materials and work. However, there was a problem that it caused unnecessary cost increase.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a prefabricated basement that has a simplified structure, is easier to construct, and can reduce costs.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The present invention is a prefabricated type which is made by paying attention to the fact that the open surface of the box body which has been separately closed by a plate member or the like may be on any side, and the open surface can be closed by the foundation if this open surface is the lower surface. It is a basement.

That is, a hollow box type living room block with an open lower surface, a buried hole that is dug down from the ground to bury the living room block, and a bottom surface of the buried hole formed into a substantially flat plate shape to form a lower surface of the living room block. It has a closable base and fixing means for mounting and fixing the living room block on the upper surface of the foundation, and the fixing means is connected to a concave portion formed on the upper surface side of the base and a lower portion of the living room block. And a layer of an inorganic filler that is filled in the concave portion to embed and fix the wire rod portion, and a basement is formed inside the living room block.

[Action]

In the present invention as described above, by opening the lower surface of the living room block and forming the base into a substantially flat plate shape, the interior of the living room block is automatically closed as it is fixed to the foundation. For this reason, it is possible to avoid structural overlap between the conventional foundation and the lower surface of the living room block, and to omit the conventional plate material or the like for closing the inside of the living room block. Therefore, the labor or cost required for transportation and assembly is greatly reduced. Further, by the fixing means having the concave portion of the foundation, the wire rod portion of the living room block (rebar, etc.) and the inorganic filler (grout, concrete, etc.) that is filled and fixed in the concave portion, the living room block and the foundation can be simply structured. Is reliably fixed, and the above-mentioned object is achieved by the above.

〔Example〕

 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 5 show a first embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, in the prefabricated basement 1 of this embodiment, a living room block 10 made of PC concrete with reinforcing bars is buried underground, and a basement 2 is formed inside the living room block 10. Is.

The living room block 10 is formed in advance in a hollow box shape in a factory or the like, and the internal space 3 surrounded by the top plate 11 and the four wall surfaces 12 has a volume as a living room. On the other hand, an opening 13 is formed on the lower surface of the living room block 10 over substantially the entire surface, and the opening 13 opens the internal space 3 to the outside.

In order to bury such a living room block 10, a buried hole 21 capable of accommodating the living room block 10 is provided on the ground. This buried hole 21 is dug down to a predetermined depth from the surface of the earth,
A base 20 for mounting the living room block 10 on the bottom surface 22
Is provided. This foundation 20 is the bottom surface when cast on site.
It is a reinforced concrete foundation with a floor in the form of a flat plate formed in 22, the upper surface of which can be closed by covering the opening 13.
It is flat and formed wider than the opening 13 of the living room block 10.

Here, in the four corners of the lower surface of the living room block 10 and in the middle of the long piece, continuous reinforcing bars 31 are projected downward from the wall surface 12,
On the upper surface of 20 is formed a groove 32 capable of accommodating the reinforcing bar 31 when the living room block 10 which is a concave portion is placed. The fixing means 30 is constituted by these, as shown in FIG. 3, the living room block 10 is placed on the foundation 20, the reinforcing bars 31 are inserted into the grooves 32, and the grout 33 is injected into the grooves 32 in this state. Thereby, the reinforcing bar 31 is fixed as the grout 33 is hardened, and the living room block 10 is securely fixed on the foundation 20. Therefore, the living room block 10 is fixed underground, and the basement 2 is formed by the internal space 3 closed between the living room block 10 and the upper surface of the foundation 20.

At the joint between the lower surface of the living room block 10 and the upper surface of the foundation 20, the portion provided with the fixing means 30 is waterproofed and sealed by the grout 33, but the portion other than the fixing means 30 around the opening 13 is appropriately provided. It has a waterproof seal. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the wall surface other than the protruding portion of the reinforcing bar 31
A cushion material 23 using a flexible wire is provided on the lower end surface of 12. As shown in FIG. 5, this cushion material
23 is crushed by placing the living room block 10 on the foundation 20 and can seal the gap between the upper surface of the foundation 20 and the lower end surface of the wall surface 12. In addition, the lower end of the wall surface 12 and the upper surface of the foundation 20 are joined together by caulking material 24
The cushion material 23, the caulking material 24, and the grout 33 of the fixing means 30 provide a waterproof seal over the entire circumference of the joint portion between the living room block 10 and the foundation 20, and the underground moisture in the basement 2. Is configured to prevent intrusion.

In constructing the present embodiment configured as described above, first, the precast living room block 10 is carried into the installation location, and the buried hole 21 corresponding to the size of the living room block 10 is inserted.
Is excavated to form the foundation 20 on the bottom surface 22 thereof. Then the basics
By placing the living room block 10 on the upper surface of 20 and fixing the living room block 10 by the fixing means 30, the living room block 10
Basement 2 is formed inside. Then, after appropriately performing piping, wiring, waterproof sealing, etc., the surroundings of the living room block 10 are filled with earth and sand, and the living room block 10 is buried underground to complete the construction.

According to the present embodiment as described above, it is possible to form the basement 2 quickly and easily by using the PC concrete living room block 10 and excavating the buried hole 21, forming the foundation 20, and fixing the living room block 10. The construction period can be shortened and the construction cost can be kept low.

In addition, the bottom of the living room block 10 is opened and fixed to the foundation.
Since we decided to use 20 as the floor surface of the basement 2, it is possible to avoid overlapping the foundation and the lower surface of the living room block as in the past.
It is possible to simplify the structure of the relevant portion, eliminate waste of materials and the like required for the relevant portion, and further reduce the construction cost.

Further, by making the lower surface of the living room block 10 open, if the living room block 10 is fixed on the foundation 20, the internal space 3 can be automatically closed. Therefore, unlike the case of using a conventional living room block with an open upper surface, it is not necessary to perform the work of closing the open portion separately from the work of fixing the living room block, which makes the construction quicker and easier. be able to.

Further, when fixing the living room block 10 to the foundation 20, a fixing means 30 of a type in which the reinforcing bar 31 on the living room block 10 side is inserted into the groove 32 of the foundation 20 and the grout 33 is injected and fixed in the groove 32 Since it is used, it is possible to perform a reliable fixing with a simple operation.

Furthermore, since a waterproof seal is applied to the joint portion between the living room block 10 and the foundation 20 by the cushion material 23, the caulking material 24 and the grout 33 over the entire circumference, it is possible to reliably prevent the entry of water into the basement 2.

A second embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, this embodiment is a prefabricated basement 1 including a living room block 10, a buried hole 21 and a foundation 20 which are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment. The fixing means 30 for fixing the living room block 10 to the foundation 20 has a structure different from that of the first embodiment.

That is, as shown in FIG. 8, reinforcing bars 31 are projected substantially horizontally on both inner and outer sides of the wall 12 at the lower end of the living room block 10. On the other hand, on the upper surface of the base 20, a groove 32 is formed which can accommodate the lower end of the living room block 10 as a concave portion and is continuous over the entire circumference corresponding to the periphery of the opening 13.
The inner wall surface of the groove 32 has a reinforcing bar 34 continuous from the inside of the foundation 20.
Is projected. The reinforcing bars 34 are arranged substantially parallel and alternately with the reinforcing bars 31 with the lower end of the living room block 10 accommodated in the grooves 32, and the reinforcing bars 31 and the reinforcing bars 34 are mutually separated by the grout 33 injected into the grooves 32. It can be firmly fixed,
The fixing means 30 is composed of the reinforcing bar 31, the groove 32, the grout 33 on the living room block 10 side and the reinforcing bar 34 on the foundation 20 side.

According to the present embodiment as described above, the basement 2 is formed in the internal space 3 by placing the living room block 10 on the upper surface of the foundation 20 in a procedure substantially similar to that of the first embodiment, which is quick and easy. It is possible to obtain substantially the same effects as those of the first embodiment, such as simple construction and cost reduction.

On the other hand, the fixing means 30 has a structure in which the reinforcing bar 31 on the living room block 10 side and the reinforcing bar 34 on the foundation 20 side are fixed by the grout 33 in the groove 32, and the fixing is performed over the entire circumference of the opening 13. Living room block compared to the first example
The fixation between the 10 and the foundation 20 can be made even stronger.

Further, since the joint portion between the living room block 10 and the foundation 20 is sealed by the grout 33 in the groove 32 over the entire circumference, it is not necessary to separately perform a waterproof seal, and the structure and construction are different from those of the first embodiment. The procedure can be further simplified.

A third embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS.

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, this embodiment is a prefabricated basement 1 including a living room block 10, a buried hole 21 and a foundation 20 which are substantially the same as those in the second embodiment.
The fixing means 30 for fixing the reinforcing bar 31 on the side of the living room block 10 and the reinforcing bar 34 on the side of the foundation 20 is the same as that of the second embodiment. However, in this embodiment, the reinforcing bars 31,34
And the shape of the foundation 20 are different from those of the second embodiment.

That is, as also shown in FIG. 11, a convex portion 41 is formed in the center of the foundation 20 of the present embodiment, and the substantially vertical step surface 42 of the convex portion 41 is the inner circumference of the opening 13 of the living room block 10. Are formed so as to face each other. As a result, a concave portion that is one step lower than the convex portion 41 is formed around the foundation 20. Further, the reinforcing bar 34 on the side of the foundation 20 is projected from the step surface 42, and the reinforcing bar 31 on the side of the living room block 10 is projected substantially horizontally from the inner periphery of the opening 13 of the living room block 10, so that the living room block 10 is placed on the foundation 20. The reinforcing bar 31 and the reinforcing bar 34 are substantially overlapped by placing them and making the inner circumference of the opening 13 face the stepped surface 42, and the grout 33 is injected into the groove-shaped gap portion formed in the portion to fix them to each other. Is done.

In this embodiment as described above, substantially the same effect as that of the second embodiment can be obtained, and the groove 32 can be omitted to simplify the shape of the foundation 20 and simplify the construction. Further, since the upper surface of the foundation 20 can be raised by the convex portion 41, the upper surface can be used as it is as the floor 40 of the basement 2.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but includes the following modifications.

That is, the living room block 10 is not limited to PC concrete,
It may be a structure formed by precasting another material, for example, a resin molded product such as FRP.

When such a living room block 10 made of resin is used, the reinforcing bar 31 on the side of the living room block 10 used for the fixing means 30 may be replaced by a resin projection portion formed on the wall surface 12, or the like. Insert in groove 32 and grout 33 or concrete
It should be fixed at 45 etc. Alternatively, instead of the fixture 61 of the fastening means 60, a flange or the like may be formed around the lower end of the living room block 10, and an anchor bolt may be formed on this flange or the like.
62 may be inserted.

Further, the shape of the living room block 10 is arbitrary, and openings such as stairs for raising and lowering, piping, wiring, etc. are provided on the top plate 11 or the wall surface 12.
It is also possible to use a hollow box type living room block 10 having a preformed lower surface opened.

Furthermore, the interior space 3 of the living room block 10 may be partitioned into a plurality of spaces, and a plurality of basements 2 can be simultaneously formed by fixing the living room block 10 and the foundation 20.

Further, the shape of the foundation 20 is also arbitrary, as long as it can surely close the inner space 3 by covering the opening 13 on the lower surface side of the living room block 10, it is shown as a concave portion in the first to fifth embodiments. The necessary groove 32, convex portion 41, and the like may be formed in each fixing means 30.

Further, the shape of the buried hole 21 may be arbitrary and may be formed so that at least the living room block 10 can be accommodated and a bottom surface 22 sufficient to form the foundation 20 can be secured. Further, the depth of the burial hole 21 is also arbitrary, and it may be appropriately set as necessary such as a depth such that the upper surface of the living room block 10 is exposed or a depth at which the burial hole 21 is completely buried.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the prefabricated basement of the present invention, since the lower surface of the living room block is opened and the portion is closed by fixing it to the foundation, the lower surface portion of the conventional living room block and the foundation are closed. The construction can be simplified by eliminating the duplication with the construction, and the construction can be further simplified with the simplification of the construction, and the construction cost can be further reduced and the construction time can be shortened.

Regarding the present invention, the IPC is "E02D29 / 00, E04B1 / 348".
As a result of so-called Patrice search, "prefabricated basement" like the present invention was not found, and the novelty of the present invention in the relevant field was clarified.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the first embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 2 to 4 are sectional views showing the essential parts of the first embodiment, and FIG. 5 is the first embodiment. FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are sectional views showing a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing an essential part of the second embodiment, and FIG. 9 and 10 are sectional views showing a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing an essential part of the third embodiment. 1 …… Prefabricated basement, 2 …… Basement, 3 …… Internal space, 10 …… Room block, 13 …… Opening the bottom of the room block, 20 …… Foundation, 21 …… Buried hole, 22 …… Bottom surface, 23 ,twenty four…
... Cushions and caulks for waterproof seals, 30
…… Fixing means, 31 …… Reinforcing bar on the living room block side, 32 ……
Groove, 33 …… Grout, 34 …… Reinforcing bar on the foundation side, 40,50 ……
Basement floor, 41, 42 ...

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A hollow box-shaped living room block having an open lower surface, a buried hole in which the living room block can be buried by being dug down from the ground, and a substantially flat plate-like shape formed on the bottom surface of the buried hole to form the living room block. Of the living room block having a base capable of closing the lower surface of the living room block and a fixing means for mounting and fixing the living room block on the upper surface of the foundation, and the fixing means is a concave portion formed on the upper surface side of the foundation, and the living room block. A prefabricated basement, comprising: a wire portion connected to a lower portion; and a layer of an inorganic filler that is filled in the concave portion to bury and fix the wire portion.