JP2941893B2 - Concrete basement basement - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

"Industrial application field" The present invention relates to an assembled concrete basement suitable as a basement of a house, and in particular, a rectangular box-shaped basement main body having an open upper surface, and a basement main body disposed inside the basement main body. The present invention relates to a basement comprising partition walls for partitioning the interior, and on which a building constituting a house or the like is mounted. "Conventional technology" Basements have been installed even in ordinary houses due to the deterioration of housing conditions in recent years. Conventionally, in many cases, the basement of a house is configured as an underground storage, and its structure is also obtained, for example, by mounting a container-shaped capsule through a hole dug in the ground via an anchor bolt and refilling the hole. (For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-15663, "Underground storage and its manufacturing method")
reference). However, since the basement having such a configuration functions as an underground storage, the inside size is small as a whole, and the function required as a living room of a house is not sufficiently satisfied. Therefore, in recent years, there has been a tendency to make the entire room larger by making the basement concrete. Such a reinforced concrete basement is generally constructed, for example, by cast-in-place concrete. This is, first, using a power shovel or the like to perform excavation work slightly wider than the site of the basement, and then lay a gravel or the like at the bottom, and lay concrete on the gravel or the like, Perform the construction of so-called basic concrete. Then, the floor reinforcing bars are arranged in a lattice shape, and concrete is poured into the floor reinforcing bars. At this time, the projecting bars connected to the reinforcing bars of the side walls project from the surface of the concrete at the positions where the side walls are erected. It is arranged as follows. Next, after the concrete on the floor is hardened, the vertical bars on the side walls are connected to the projecting bars projecting at predetermined positions, and the horizontal bars are connected to the vertical bars on these side walls, and the reinforcing bars on the side walls are constructed. Next, a formwork is assembled on both sides of the rebar on the constructed side wall, and concrete is poured into the formwork to construct the side wall. Then, after the concrete on the side wall is solidified, the formwork is dismantled, and the space outside the side wall is filled to complete it. “Problems to be solved by the invention” However, in the conventional basement technology, since the construction work is the construction work of cast-in-place concrete, there are disadvantages such as poor work efficiency on site and a long construction period. Was. Moreover, in the construction work using cast-in-place concrete,
When constructing the side wall, it is necessary to provide a space for assembling the formwork on both sides of the side wall rebar, and it is necessary to dig deeper than the construction area, resulting in higher costs. Was. Therefore, the present inventors have conducted intensive research to solve these problems.If the entire basement is constructed by joining precast concrete units, work efficiency at the site can be improved, and the basement can be installed only by installing the unit. Is formed, so that the excavation area can be reduced. However, even if the interior of the basement is simply partitioned and divided into precast concrete units, there are still problems to be solved such as the size of the units themselves being increased and the types thereof being increased. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the object thereof is to enable a basement to be formed by a small number of types of precast concrete units, thereby improving work efficiency on site, and An object of the present invention is to provide an assembling basement made of concrete that can reduce construction costs. Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a rectangular box-shaped basement main body having an open upper surface, and a partition wall provided inside the basement main body to partition the inside of the basement main body. And a basement comprising an opening in which the partition wall is not provided and on which a building constituting a house or the like is to be mounted, wherein the basement body is located at a corner of the basement, and A side plate portion is arranged between a first concrete unit having a side plate portion erected at two adjacent edges of a bottom plate portion and a first concrete unit located at a corner portion of a basement, and has a side plate portion at an edge portion of the bottom plate portion. An upright second concrete unit, a plurality of flat concrete floorboards laid on a base portion on which the basement is to be placed and forming a floor portion of the basement body, The upper side of the side plate and the partition wall of the unit is continuously constructed over the opening, and the top is made of a flat precast concrete beam. The upper edge is formed. [Operation] According to the concrete assembling basement having the above-described configuration, the first concrete unit having the side plates erected at two adjacent edges of the bottom plate is positioned at the corner of the basement,
An L-shaped second concrete unit is arranged between these first concrete units, and the side plate portion and the bottom plate portion of the adjacent concrete units are joined to each other to form a perimeter of the basement, and thereafter, By laying concrete floorboards on the base part, the basement main body, which is the main part of the basement, can be built, so that the construction work on site can be made more efficient. Further, in the present invention, a partition wall is erected inside the basement body, and a precast concrete beam portion having a flat upper surface is continuously bridged over the side plate portion, the partition wall, and the opening of the concrete unit. Since the interior of the basement can be partitioned and a building constituting a house or the like can be placed thereon, the construction of the housing foundation can be omitted. Furthermore, since the upper end of the beam portion has the same shape as a cloth foundation which is a general shape of a foundation such as a house, it can be used as a foundation for a general house, and a cloth foundation In the same construction method as in the case of (1), a building constituting a house or the like can be easily constructed. Furthermore, since the beam is continuously stretched not only at the upper end of the basement main body but also at the upper end of the partition wall, without special measures such as increasing the strength by making the beams etc. thicker, A basement with a large floor area can be easily constructed. In addition, since there is an opening surrounded by the side plate of the concrete unit, the partition wall, and the floor of the basement body, a plurality of rooms that can enter and exit through the opening can be formed. Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7. In these drawings, reference numeral G denotes a basement according to the present invention, and the basement G has a rectangular box-shaped basement main body 1 having an open upper surface, and a basement main body 1 which is disposed inside the basement main body 1 and has an inside. It has a basic structure mainly composed of a partition wall 2 for partitioning, and a building H constituting a house or the like is placed on the basement body 1 and the partition wall 2. The basement body 1 includes a first concrete unit 10 which is located at four corners of the basement and has side plates 10b and 10c erected on two adjacent edges of the bottom plate 10a. And a side plate 11b is erected on the edge of the bottom plate 11a.
The concrete unit 11A, 11B of the perimeter is constituted by a concrete floor plate 12 laid on a base portion on which the basement G is to be placed, and the floor is constituted by the concrete units 11A and 11B. The upper surface is formed flat on the side walls 10b, 10c, 11b of the units 10, 11A, 11B, the opening 40 surrounded by the side wall 11b, the partition wall 2, and the floor of the basement body, and the partition wall 2. The precast concrete beams 13 are continuously bridged and the building H is placed thereon. Concrete units 10 and 11 constituting basement 1
The concrete units A, 11B will be described in detail. These concrete units 10, 11A, 11B are each manufactured in a predetermined shape and size at a factory in advance, and the first concrete unit among these concrete units 10, 11A, 11B is 10 is configured to form four corners of the basement in the embodiment, and a plurality of second concrete units 11A and 11B are joined to each other to form a central side wall of the basement. I have. In addition, joint materials are applied to the end faces of these concrete units 10, 11A, and 11B so that the concrete units 10, 11A, and 11B can be used.
Needless to say, sufficient water tightness is ensured for A and 11B. In the embodiment, the first concrete unit 10
Is mainly composed of a bottom plate portion 10a that is elongated in the longitudinal direction of the basement, and a large width side plate portion 10b and a small width side plate portion 10c erected on two adjacent sides of the bottom plate portion 10a. . As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a joint fitting 22 having a structure to be fixed by bolts / nuts 20 and 21 is buried in and joined to the joint end faces of the bottom plate portion 10a and the side plate portions 10b and 10c, respectively. Units can be joined more firmly. In addition, in the bottom plate portion 10a of the concrete unit 10, a recess 24 in which an insert 23 is embedded as necessary is formed separately from the fitting hardware 22, and the unit connection is bolted to the insert 23 embedded in the recess 24. Connection hardware 30
The adjacent concrete units 10 can be fixed to each other via a hole (see FIGS. 5 and 6). FIG. 7 shows a connection structure between the side plate portions 10b and 10c and the beam portion 13. The beam portion 13 is a long bolt penetrating the beam portion 13 into an insert 26 embedded at the upper end of the side plate portions 10b and 10c. It is fixed by screwing 16. In the illustrated example, the long bolt 16 is mainly composed of a shaft 16a on which a male screw is formed, and a nut 16c which is screwed on the shaft 16a via a fixing plate 16b. . Next, the second concrete units 11A and 11B will be described. The concrete unit 11A forming the side wall along the longitudinal direction of the basement has a larger width of the side plate portion 11b than the other concrete unit 11B. It has a basic structure in which the bottom plate portion 11a is formed shorter than the other concrete unit 11B. More specifically, the bottom plate 1 of the concrete unit 11A
1a is formed in accordance with the width dimension of the bottom plate portion 10a of the first concrete unit 10, and the concrete unit
The bottom plate portion 11a of 11B is formed according to the length of the bottom plate portion 10a of the first concrete unit 10. In these concrete units 11A and 11B as well, the joint surfaces between the units (that is, the end faces of the bottom plate and the side plate) are interposed with a joint material for stopping water, so that the water tightness thereof is ensured. The concrete units 11A and 11B are integrated with each other by bolts 20 and nuts 21 via joint fittings 22 buried in the end surfaces of the units as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, for example. It is the same as the concrete unit 10 described above in that it is fixed by a precast concrete beam portion 13 continuously stretched over the upper end of the portion. On the other hand, an insert 26 for screwing a long bolt 16 for fixing the beam portion 13 is also buried at the upper end of each side plate portion 11b, 11c of the blocks 11A, 11B, and a connecting hardware 30 is provided in the bottom plate portion 11a as necessary. A recess 24 is formed in which an insert 23 for fixing is embedded. Concrete slab 12 constituting the floor of basement 1
Has a rectangular shape whose width and length are formed in accordance with the width and length of the bottom plate of the concrete units 10, 11A and 11B, respectively. It is fixed via a joint fitting 22 connected by a nut. Now, the first and second concrete units 10, 11
At the upper ends of A and 11B, on the opening 40, and on the upper end of the partition wall 2, the beams 13 made of precast concrete will be described.
These are concrete units 10, 11A, 1 that are formed in the shape of a square pillar by concrete and connected in the longitudinal direction.
The upper end of 1B and the upper end of the partition wall 2 are fixed, and the first floor panel of the upper building (house in the illustrated example) H is supported. The partition wall 2 is formed by previously arranging a plurality of precast concrete panels 2a formed in a plate shape on a bottom plate portion in a factory and connecting them in the plane direction of the panels. The means for erection of the precast concrete panel 2a constituting the partition wall 2 may be fixed, for example, via anchor bolts or fittings protruding from the bottom plate of the basement main body 1, and between the panels. The connecting means may be implemented through a fitting hardware connected by bolts and nuts. By the way, as the house H, for example, a unitized floor panel is laid on the beam portion 13, and a first-floor wall panel, a second-floor floor panel, and a second-floor wall panel are assembled thereon.
Furthermore, there is a configuration in which a roof panel is assembled by forming a frame, a wooden frame, and the like, but the configuration of a house is not limited to such a configuration and is constructed by a conventional construction method. It may be a thing or a unit house. In addition, in the case of a house by each panel method, the joint between the house and the beam portion is provided, for example, by protruding an anchor bolt on the upper surface of the beam portion, and panels such as walls and floors are provided via the anchor bolt. What is necessary is just to integrate. Next, the construction method and operation of the concrete assembled basement constructed as described above will be described. First, each precast concrete unit 10, 11A, 11B constituting the basement main body 1 is formed in a factory by being integrally cast in a predetermined size and shape with concrete or the like in advance. These units are transported to a work site by a truck. At this time, the basement main body 1 includes a first concrete unit 10 constituting a corner portion and an L-shaped unit disposed between the units. Second concrete units 11A and 11B and a flat concrete floor plate 12
Therefore, the basement can be constructed with precast concrete products having basically three forms. In particular, when the basement is to be enlarged, the basement is sandwiched between the first concrete units 10. This can be achieved by increasing the number of second concrete units 11A and 11B to be inserted. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the size of the concrete unit itself, and the transportability to the site can be extremely improved. Next, at the site, in order to assemble the basement, the ground is to be cut off to construct the basement, a hole of a predetermined size is dug, and then the splittering process and the concrete dumping process are performed. Construction of the base part, and at this time, concrete units 10, 11A, 11B, concrete floor
Embed steel pipes that will be the standard for 12 installation levels. Next, each concrete unit is hung from a truck using a crane or the like, and these are combined one after another and joined together. The assembling order is performed by, for example, a process described below. In addition, the construction process described below is an example, and it is needless to say that another process may be performed.

[Installation of corner unit]

The first installation starts with the corner unit 10 that determines the location of the basement, and places this unit 10 at the four corners of the basement.

[Installation of Second Unit] After the first concrete units 10 have been installed at the four corners of the basement, the second concrete units 11A and 11B are installed and joined based on these concrete units 10. At this time (when joining the concrete units 10, 11A, and 11B), the connecting hardware 30 is inserted between the concrete units 10, 11A, and 11B, and each unit is connected via the fitting hardware buried in the joint surface of these units. Are integrated.

[Laying concrete floorboards]

When the concrete units 10, 11A and 11B are joined inside the root hole by the above process, a square hole is opened at the base part, so concrete floor boards 13 are installed in this part one after another and joined Then, the floor of the basement 1 will be completed.

[Construction of partition walls and beams]

When the construction of the basement body 1 is completed by the above steps, the precast concrete panels 2a are erected on the floor of the basement body 1, and they are joined in the plane direction to construct the partition wall 2. Thereafter, the beam portion 13 is bridged over the upper end of the side plate portion of the basement body 1, on the opening 40, and on the upper end of the partition wall 2 to complete the main part of the basement. When the construction of the basement body 1 and the partition wall 2 is completed as described above, grout is injected between the floor and the base of the basement body 1, and the gap between the floor and the base is removed. Is filled with grout, and the bottom plate of each precast concrete product is adhered to the foundation. Then, when the interior finishing work and the like are finally completed, a basement as shown in FIG. 2 is completed. On the other hand, in the construction of the house H, for example, when the structure of the house is mainly composed of panels, unitized floor panels are laid on the beams 13 and the first and second floors are laid thereon. A wall panel is assembled, a frame is assembled, a timber is assembled, a roof panel is assembled, and a building is constructed. In addition, each wall panel on the first floor portion may be integrated by dropping a hole at the lower end of the wall panel into an anchor bolt protruding from the upper surface of the concrete beam portion and tightening the bolt. According to the above procedure, the concrete units 10, 11A, and 11B are installed along the walls of the excavation holes, and the basement body 1 is constructed from the surroundings, so that the assembled concrete units 10, 11A And 11B serve as earth retaining walls, and there is an advantage that construction work inside the basement room can be easily performed at the site. In the embodiment, the basement body 1 is composed of a first concrete unit 10 forming a corner of the basement and an L-shaped second concrete unit forming the side wall of the basement.
11A, 11B, and concrete floor plate 12 that further forms the floor
Thus, the basement body 1 can be formed by a simple operation of joining the concrete unit and the concrete floorboard at the site, respectively, and the assembly at the site can be easily performed. Also, in the embodiment, the adjacent concrete unit is
Joint fitting 22 and connecting hardware 30 buried in the unit end face
, The concrete unit and the concrete floor plate are firmly joined together, and there is an advantage that the strength of the entire basement body 1 can be improved. Further, on the basis of the beam portion 13 continuously bridged on the side plate portion, the opening portion 40, and the partition wall 2 of the basement main body 1 thus configured, the house H is mounted thereon. Since the construction is to be assembled, it is possible to omit the construction work of the foundation, which was conventionally required, and also to form the basement without being restricted by the position of the foundation. Has the advantage that it can be easily constructed. Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it goes without saying that the size and the like of the unit can be changed in accordance with the design requirements and the like. [Effects of the Invention] As described above, the present invention provides a rectangular box-shaped basement main body having an open upper surface, a partition wall disposed inside the basement main body and partitioning the inside of the basement main body, A basement comprising an opening that is not provided and on which a building constituting a house or the like is mounted, wherein the basement main body is located at a corner of the basement and adjacent to a bottom plate portion. A second concrete unit having a side plate portion erected on one edge portion and a first concrete unit having a side plate portion erected on one edge portion and a first concrete unit located on a corner portion of a basement, and having a side plate portion erected on the edge portion of the bottom plate portion. A concrete unit, a plurality of flat concrete floorboards laid on a base portion on which the basement is to be placed and constituting a floor portion of the basement body, a side plate portion of the concrete unit, And a partition wall, the upper surface of which is continuously laid over the opening, is constituted by a flat precast concrete beam, and the lower edge of this beam forms the upper edge of the opening. Therefore, the following excellent effects can be obtained. (A) a first concrete unit in which a basement main body which is a main part of a basement skeleton is located at a corner of the basement and has side plates erected at two adjacent edges of a bottom plate;
A second concrete unit, which is arranged between the first concrete units located at the corners of the basement and has an upright side plate at the edge of the bottom plate, is laid on a base wall on which the basement is to be placed. The basement body is made up of three forms of precast concrete products with a plurality of flat concrete floorboards forming the floor of the basement body, so that the basement body can be formed by a simple operation of interconnecting each concrete product. In addition, the on-site assembly can be easily performed. (B) In the present invention, a partition wall is erected inside the basement body, and the upper surface made of precast concrete is formed flat at the upper end of the side plate portion of the concrete unit, the opening, and the upper end of the partition wall. By continuously bridging the beam portions, the inside of the basement main body can be partitioned and a building constituting a house or the like can be placed thereon, so that the construction of the housing foundation can be omitted.
Furthermore, since the upper end of the beam portion has the same shape as a cloth foundation which is a general shape of a foundation such as a house, it can be used as a foundation for a general house, and a cloth foundation In the same construction method as in the case of (1), a building constituting a house or the like can be easily constructed. Furthermore, since the beam is continuously stretched not only at the upper end of the basement main body but also at the upper end of the partition wall, without special measures such as increasing the strength by making the beams etc. thicker, A basement with a large floor area can be easily constructed. In addition, since there is an opening surrounded by the side plate of the concrete unit, the partition wall, and the floor of the basement body, a plurality of rooms that can enter and exit through the opening can be formed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The drawings show an embodiment of an assembling type basement made of concrete according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an outline of the basement, and FIG. 2 is a cross section showing a state where a house is placed on the basement. FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a joining structure of adjacent concrete units, FIG. 4 is a sectional view thereof, FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a connecting hardware for connecting adjacent concrete units, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view thereof. FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a joint structure of the beam portion. G ... basement, H ... house, 1 ... basement body, 2 ...
Partition wall, 10 1st concrete unit, 11
A, 11B ... second concrete unit, 112 ... concrete floor plate, 13 ... beam part made of precast concrete, 16 ... long bolt, 22 ... fitting hardware, 30 ... connecting hardware, 40 ... opening .

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E02D 29/00

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A rectangular box-shaped basement body having an open upper surface;
A partition wall which is arranged inside the basement body and partitions the inside of the basement body, and an opening which is not provided with the partition wall, and on which a building constituting a house or the like is mounted. A basement, wherein the basement main body is located at a corner of the basement, and has a first concrete unit having side plates erected at two adjacent edges of a bottom plate; and a first concrete unit located at a corner of the basement. A second concrete unit arranged between the concrete units and having a side plate part erected on the edge of the bottom plate part, and laid on a base part on which the basement is to be placed to form a floor part of the basement body A plurality of flat concrete floorboards, a side plate portion and a partition wall of the concrete unit,
The upper surface continuously spanned over the opening is composed of a flat precast concrete beam, and the lower edge of the beam forms the upper edge of the opening. Characterized prefabricated basement made of concrete.