JPH0692764A - Production of fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a production method of a fertilizer free from the generation of malodor and reduced in the production process at the time of producing the fertilizer using an organic material such as the waste in processing of marine products as a raw material. CONSTITUTION:The organic raw material such as the waste in processing of marine product or the waste from butchery processing is aged in the condition of pH3.0-6.0.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing fertilizer. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing a fertilizer using an organic material as a raw material, which does not generate an offensive odor during production and has a shortened production process.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Fermented fertilizers are organic fertilizers that have been used as a raw material. Fermentation fertilizer is manufactured by the method of composting, that is, using organic raw materials with appropriate water content (50-60%).
The degree) to create conditions under which microorganisms can easily reproduce,
In addition, the so-called turning back is performed several times to make the fermentation conditions in the surface layer and the inside uniform and to supply oxygen, and finally to a state where the easily decomposable organic matter is gone (fully matured). .

At this time, as the organic raw material, as a part of measures for treating waste, processed marine products (fish internal organs, bones, etc.) and livestock processed products are used, and these are mixed with peat, zeolite, etc. In many cases, fertilizer is manufactured according to the same method of compost production.

[0004]

However, the marine product processing waste and the livestock processing waste are easily decomposed, and emit a strong offensive odor in a short time. Further, when these are used as raw materials, a spoiled odor mainly generated from ammonia, amine, methyl mercaptan and the like is generated in the manufacturing process, which is a serious environmental problem. Therefore, usually, the processed waste of fish is turned into fish residue at a fish meal factory, and the slaughterhouse waste such as livestock is heated and dried at a place like a rendering factory and then supplied as a raw material for fertilizer and feed. Still, an offensive odor is generated in the fertilizer manufacturing process, and leakage to the surrounding area is a problem. Traditionally, many factories that manufacture fermented fertilizers were located in the suburbs, but due to the recent expansion of residential areas and stricter environmental regulations,
The problem of leakage of offensive odors is becoming more serious, and a fundamental solution is desired.

Further, when a fertilizer made from an organic material is produced by a method for producing compost, it takes a minimum of 1 to 2 weeks, usually several months, to reach maturity even if the cutting is repeated several times to improve the efficiency. It has a drawback that the process is very long. Furthermore, when various microorganisms are generated and disappear during the fermentation process, metabolic energy is released, and water, carbon dioxide, ammonia, amines, etc. are generated, which is also excellent in terms of mass balance (efficiency). Hard to say.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention has conducted extensive studies in order to solve the above problems, and as a result, by aging an organic raw material under acidic conditions, no offensive odor is produced during production, and a fertilizer can be produced with good production efficiency. They have found that they can be manufactured and have completed the present invention.

That is, in the present invention, the organic raw material is adjusted to pH 3.0 to
The present invention provides a method for producing a fertilizer characterized by aging under the condition of 6.0.

The organic raw materials used in the present invention include:
Any animal organic raw material, plant organic raw material, or the like used in the production of ordinary organic fertilizers can be used. In particular, one or more selected from the group consisting of seafood, internal organs of seafood, so-called fish waste such as processed waste of seafood, meat of livestock and internal organs thereof are used. These organic raw materials usually contain degrading enzymes such as proteolytic enzymes, and such raw materials are also used in the present invention. As the organic raw material, it is possible to use an organic raw material which does not contain a proteolytic enzyme, or whose enzymatic activity is inactivated by heating or the like, or it can be used as a mixture with the above-mentioned fish waste. In this case, a proteolytic enzyme may be added for the purpose of promoting the decomposition of the organic raw material. When the fat is separated and used, an antioxidant is added to prevent the oxidation of fat.

In the method for producing a fertilizer of the present invention, it is necessary to ripen the organic raw material under the condition of pH 3.0 to 6.0, particularly preferably 3.5 to 4.8. If the pH of the organic raw material is in the acidic range, particularly in the range of pH 3.5 to 4.8, most of bacteria and fungi that produce ammonia, amine, methyl mercaptan, etc., which cause the odor of putrefaction, stop the activity.
In the present invention, the adjustment of pH is performed by using formic acid, acetic acid or the like having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
(3) Bacteria that generate acids such as lower fatty acids and lactic acid bacteria are added as appropriate. A fatty acid having 4 or more carbon atoms is not preferable because it causes an offensive odor. When adding acid-producing bacteria, there are few carbon sources in the organic raw material, so add carbohydrate as a fermentation source of acid-producing bacteria or add a fermentation tank to the organic raw material by separately providing a fermentation tank for acid-producing bacteria. Is good. Also, if the pH during aging is in the range of 3.0 to 6.0, there is no problem even if there is a change between the initial stage of charging the raw materials and the latter stage of aging. In the present invention, the pH is measured by inserting a pH meter inside the raw material,
Alternatively, the pH test paper may be brought into contact with the surface of the raw material,
There is no particular limitation.

In the production method of the present invention, the temperature for aging may be room temperature, but it is preferable to control the temperature so that the activity of the enzyme in the organic raw material is increased. Generally, when the temperature is low, the decomposition rate is slow, and when the temperature is too high (70 ° C or higher), the enzyme is deactivated and the denaturation and spoilage of proteins proceed. Therefore, the aging in the production method of the present invention is 20 to 60.
It is desirable to carry out at a temperature of about 30 ° C., preferably about 30 to 50 ° C., and it is desirable to heat in the winter.

In the production method of the present invention, a small container such as a bucket is charged with an organic raw material, an acid is added to adjust the pH of the raw material to an acidic range, aged at room temperature, and appropriately used as a fertilizer. Even a large-scale apparatus can be sufficiently implemented. At this time, it is better to stir the raw material during aging. Further, industrially, it can be carried out by a system equipped with a stirrer, a temperature controller, a storage tank, a transport pipe, a pump and the like. The charged amount of the organic raw material may be adjusted according to the scale of the apparatus used.

In the ripening of the organic raw material, if the amount of undecomposed material is large, the absorption of crops is poor and the harmful effect due to the decomposition in the soil occurs. Therefore, the decomposition of the raw material proceeds and the state of the liquid decomposed material (solid-liquid mixture) Until. Although the period until the liquid decomposition product is obtained varies depending on the pH and temperature, etc., regardless of the amount charged, it takes about 2 to 3 days under the conditions of pH 3.5 to 5.5 and room temperature (20 to 30 ° C). A liquid decomposition product can be obtained.

The liquid decomposition product thus obtained is used as it is,
Alternatively, other fertilizers, so-called three elements or trace elements, nutrients, plant growth regulators and the like can be added and used as needed for the purpose of controlling fertilizer components. Further, it is also possible to obtain a liquid fertilizer and a solid fertilizer by adsorbing the liquid decomposition product on a solid and drying it to obtain an adsorbed fertilizer, or by performing solid-liquid separation.

[0014]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Even if a fertilizer is produced by using an organic raw material derived from animals and plants such as marine products and livestock processing waste, especially fish waste, the offensive odor is extremely small. Therefore, it is possible to solve the offensive odor leakage from the fertilizer manufacturing plant, and the environmental impact is small. Further, the fertilizer can be produced in an extremely short period of time as compared with the conventional production method, which is industrially useful.

[0015]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1 (1) As raw materials, kajika (95% by weight) and white fish (5)
(Wt%) is mixed as it is and ground with a chopper, 20kg
Each of them is placed in a 25-liter plastic container, the amount of acid shown in Table 1 is added, and the mixture is stored at room temperature with occasional stirring and aged. Investigate changes in pH during feeding and during ripening, changes in the amount of ammonia nitrogen in each fertilizer, and changes in the amount of fatty acids having 4 or more carbon atoms, which is one of the malodorous sources. (2) Scallop internal organs (hereinafter referred to as uro) as a raw material
And use formic acid to test as in (1). (3) Using the internal organs (processing waste such as lungs and digestive tract) of cows that have not been heat-treated as a raw material, add formic acid
Test as in (1). The results are shown in Tables 1-3.

[0017]

[Table 1]

Note) In Table 1, the amount of acid added is% by weight based on the raw material. The symbols in the table have the following meanings. FA; 85% -Formic acid PA; 98% -Propionic acid AA; 30% -Acetic acid

[0019]

[Table 2]

[0020]

[Table 3]

From the results shown in Tables 1 to 3, in the control (group 9), the amounts of ammonia nitrogen and fatty acid having 4 or more carbon atoms were extremely large, and a strong offensive odor was generated during the fertilizer production process. On the other hand, in the production method of the present invention (Groups 1 to 8), these values were drastically reduced, and the offensive odor during the fertilizer production process was hardly noticed. In addition, under the above-mentioned production conditions, it can be sufficiently used as a fertilizer within 2 to 3 days after the preparation.

Test Example Of the fertilizers of Example 1, fertilizer manufactured using uro as a raw material (section 7, 48 hours after preparation, water content 85%) was applied to corn according to a usual method. , Showed sufficient fertilizer performance. Moreover, when this uro fertilizer was applied to corn in combination with a chemical fertilizer of a general composition, an increase in the harvest rate was observed due to the combined use of uro fertilizer. It was also found that this uro-fertilizer has a particularly high nitrogen content compared to normal compost.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Masaru Murai, 1 Hitsujigaoka, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo City, Kita Kaido Agricultural Experiment Station, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (72) Inventor, Hiroki Ugawa 589-39, Maei, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo (72) Inventor, Horikawa Take 6-7-2 Kuba, Otake-shi, Hiroshima (72) Inventor Shigeru Kimura 19 No. 19 Dobu, Iwakuni-shi, Yamaguchi Prefecture (72) Inventor Shigehiko Nakamura 7-13-4 Koganehara, Matsudo-shi, Chiba Daicel Matsudo Apartment 122 No. (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Haraguchi 7-13-4 Koganebara, Matsudo City, Chiba Daicel Matsudo Apartment No. 232

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A method for producing a fertilizer, which comprises aging an organic raw material under conditions of pH 3.0 to 6.0. 2. The method for producing a fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the pH is in the range of 3.5 to 4.8.