JPH06264057A - Soil conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a soil conditioner having no foreign odor and being almost freed from fat and salt and relatively small in the content of nitrogenous, phosphatic and potash components. CONSTITUTION:A finely divided vegetable product such as a press residue of apples is used, and water is added to this residue. Calcium oxide is added to the obtained mixture and reacted, and the calcium compounds resulting from the reaction are mixed with and dispersed in fibers of the residue. In this, way, calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate and an organocalcium compound such as a calcium salt of an organic acid are homogeneously mixed with the vegetable fibers to form a soil conditioner being relatively small in the content of nitrogenous, phosphatic and potash components and assuming alkalinity. When this conditioner is applied to soil, its calcium compounds can be satisfactorily dispersed in the soil and exhibits its alkalinity to neutralize and alkalify the soil without fail and to suppress the growth of bacteria adversely affecting plants through its disinfective effect. Because it is a mixture of vegetable fibers, it can absorb air among the fibers to improve the soil when mixed with soil.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a soil conditioner, and more particularly to a soil conditioner which can be produced by using waste-treated plants such as fruits and vegetables.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various soil improvers have been known, for example, those produced by adding calcium oxide to manure of livestock are known. This soil improver contains three elements of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in addition to calcium compounds and organic substances, exhibits weak alkalinity, corrects acidity of soil, and functions as a fertilizer.

[0003]

By the way, in the above-mentioned soil improver produced by adding calcium oxide to manure of livestock, there is always an unpleasant odor, and there is an unpleasant sensation during use. However, there is a problem that it contains a lot of adverse effects on crops because it contains salt and salt. Also,
Since nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium components are also contained in relatively large amounts,
There was also a problem that it was too excessive depending on the usage of other fertilizers and it was difficult to adjust.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a soil conditioner having no offensive odor, almost no fat or salt, and relatively little nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium components. It is in the point of providing.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems The technical means of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is to obtain calcium by the reaction by adding water to the plant fines and reacting with calcium oxide. The compound is mixed with plant fibers.

[0006] And, it is effective that the above-mentioned plant fine body is made of apple slag.

[0007]

[Operation] According to the soil conditioner having such a constitution,
Organic calcium, such as calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, and organic acid calcium, mixes with the fibers of the plant in a turbulent manner, has no offensive odor, contains almost no fat or salt, and contains relatively little nitrogen, phosphoric acid, or potassium. It has few and alkaline properties. When fertilizer is applied, the calcium compounds are well dispersed in the soil, the alkaline property is exerted, the acidic soil is surely neutralized and alkalinized, and the disinfection action adversely affects the plants. It suppresses the growth of bacteria and bacteria, and because it is a mixture of plant fibers, it takes in air between the fibers and modifies the soil to a good quality.

[0008]

EXAMPLE A soil conditioner according to an example of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the example, as shown in FIG. 1, an apple slag was used as a plant fine body, water was added to the apple slag, and calcium oxide was added to cause a reaction, and a calcium compound obtained by the reaction was obtained. Is mixed with the fibers of apple slag and dispersed.

[0009] Apple slag is the residue left after collecting apple juice. Apple juice is generally
After crushing apple fruits with a crusher, they are pressed and collected. Therefore, in general, the apple slag is 3 mm to 4 mm.
It has been crushed to a fine body of mm. In addition to 70-80% water, most of the components of apple slag are cellulose as a carbohydrate, and other organic acids such as malic acid, acetic acid, succinic acid, and citric acid, and minerals such as iron and sodium. , Has carotene and vitamins.

The calcium compound is calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) ₂ ) produced by the reaction between calcium oxide (CaO) and water, or calcium carbonate produced by the reaction with carbon dioxide in water or air. (CaCO
₃ ), composed of various organic calcium, including calcium malate and calcium acetate, which are produced by reaction with organic acids such as malic acid, acetic acid, succinic acid, and citric acid contained in apple The calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, organic calcium and the like are mixed with the apple fibers in a stunning manner.

Next, a method for manufacturing the soil conditioner according to the embodiment will be described. FIG. 2 shows a production system for a soil conditioner. In the system shown in FIG. 2, 1 is a hopper to which the apple dregs are supplied, 2 is a screw conveyor that conveys the apple dregs supplied to the hopper 1,
3 is a crusher that mixes water with the apple slag conveyed by the screw conveyor 2 and crushes the apple slag into a substantially uniform fine body. 4 is a fluid apple crushed by the crusher 3 and added with water. A storage tank 5 for temporarily storing the dregs is a screw conveyor for conveying the fluid apple dregs in the storage tank 4.

Further, 6 is a tank for containing powder of calcium oxide, 7 is a screw conveyor for carrying the calcium oxide in the tank 6, and 8 is the screw conveyor 5 described above.
And a reaction tank for stirring and reacting the fluidized apple dregs conveyed by the above and the calcium oxide conveyed by the screw conveyor 7 into a fluid state, and 9 is a fluidized reaction product temporarily reacted in the reaction vessel 8. A storage tank for storing 10 is a delivery pump for delivering the reaction product of the storage tank 9, and 11 is a drying area for spreading and drying the reaction product delivered by the delivery pump 10 to obtain a product.

The case of producing 1 ton of a fluid reaction product using this production system will be described.
An apple slag having a water content of about 80% is charged into the slag, and the crusher 3 mixes water with the apple slag and crushes the apple slag into a substantially uniform fine body. In this case, apple slag having a water content of about 80% and water are mixed at a ratio of about 5: 4 to obtain a fluid apple slag. And in the reaction tank 8,
935 kg of liquid apple dregs and 65 kg of calcium oxide are mixed and stirred to react. The amount of calcium oxide is determined as necessary, and usually about 5 to 30% is desirable.

In this case, in the reaction tank 8, calcium hydroxide is produced by the reaction between calcium oxide and water, and calcium carbonate is produced by the reaction with carbon dioxide in water or air. In addition, various kinds of organic calcium are produced, and in particular, calcium oxide and organic acids such as malic acid, acetic acid, succinic acid, and citric acid contained in apple react with each other to form organic acid calcium such as calcium malate and calcium acetate. Is generated. Then, these products are well dispersed by mixing and stirring in the reaction tank 8, and are well mixed with the fibers of the apple slag. In particular, although calcium oxide has high coagulability, it is finely dispersed to form a uniform fluid reaction product.

Next, the reaction product is dried in the drying area 11 with stirring to obtain a product. The fluid reaction product before drying becomes a lump when dried as it is, but since it is mixed with the apple fibers, it becomes brittle and immediately breaks into pieces. In this embodiment, since the product is dried with stirring, the product becomes a fine powder like sawdust. FIG. 3 shows an example of a product analysis result. Also, this product exhibits alkalinity due to calcium hydroxide or the like (PH 10.4 in this example).

Therefore, when the thus-prepared soil improving agent is used, the following effects are obtained.

When fertilizing the soil, the soil improver is mixed in the soil in an appropriate amount. In this case, since the soil improver uses apple slag, it has a slight scent of lime, but does not have an offensive odor and prevents a situation in which it becomes uncomfortable during use. In addition, since the product is a mixture of apple fiber and calcium compound, and is dried with stirring, it is a sawdust-like, free-flowing product, which prevents contamination of the human body and clothes. It

Further, when the soil improver is fertilized, the slag of apple is fibrous, so that it has elasticity, and when mixed with soil, it becomes easy to take in air between the fibers. Oxygen absorption efficiency is improved and soil activation is promoted. Furthermore, since calcium carbonate is difficult to dissolve in water, it has good water permeability (drainage), and on the other hand, its fibrous material also improves water retention (wetness), making the soil more bilateral. It will be modified to the good quality that it has.

Further, since it exhibits alkalinity due to calcium hydroxide or the like, the acidic soil is neutralized, alkalized and activated. Moreover, because calcium carbonate is difficult to dissolve in water, the soil is neutralized continuously, and the disinfection action of calcium hydroxide suppresses the growth of bacteria and bacteria that adversely affect plants, It becomes a hotbed for bacteria and other plants beneficial to plants. For example, it has been confirmed by experiments that it has an effect on root knots of oil and vegetable.

Furthermore, since the organic acid calcium is contained, the absorption efficiency of calcium into crops such as vegetables and fruits can be improved. That is, the organic acid calcium is easily dissolved and absorbed by root acid or the like discharged from the roots of crops,
In addition, it is known that it plays an important role in transporting starch and the like made from plant leaves to fruits. Therefore, the growth efficiency such as being resistant to disease is improved, and the color gloss of the leaves of crops is improved. Quality improvement such as improvement and taste improvement can be achieved. For example, in an experiment used for cultivating apples, improvement in taste and aroma has been confirmed.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium components are relatively small, so that when the fertilizer is used together or added later, the fertilizer content does not become excessive. Therefore, the adjustment and management of the fertilizer can be done easily.

The soil conditioner according to the above-mentioned embodiment is a dried product, but the product is not limited to this, and the fluid reaction product may be applied to the soil as it is without being dried. You can The soil improver according to the above-mentioned examples uses apple slag, but is not necessarily limited to this, other fruits such as mandarin orange peel, and other vegetable scraps, etc. It may be a plant and may be appropriately changed.

[0023]

As described above, according to the soil conditioner of the present invention, since the calcium compound is reacted and mixed with the fiber of the plant, there is no offensive odor and it is possible to prevent a situation in which it becomes uncomfortable during use. You can In addition, since it has almost no fat or salt as in the past, it does not adversely affect crops, exerts an alkaline property, can reliably neutralize and acidify acidic soil, and further disinfects plants. Suppress the growth of bacteria and bacteria that adversely affect
It can be used as a hotbed for bacteria, etc., which is beneficial to plants, and the soil can be activated.

Further, since it is a mixture of plant fibers, it becomes easy to take in air between the fibers when it is mixed in the soil, so that the absorption efficiency of oxygen is improved and the activation of the soil can be greatly promoted. The soil can be modified into a good quality one having both water permeability and water retention.

Furthermore, since it contains organic acid calcium,
The absorption efficiency of calcium into crops such as vegetables and fruits can be improved, and thus the growth efficiency of crops can be improved, and the quality such as the taste and aroma can be improved.

Furthermore, since nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium components are relatively small, when using fertilizers together or adding them later,
Since the fertilizer content does not become excessive, the fertilizer content can be easily adjusted and managed.

Further, when apple slag is used as a plant fine body, since it contains a relatively large amount of organic acid,
A large amount of organic acid calcium can be produced, and the efficiency of calcium absorption in crops such as vegetables and fruits can be further improved. Further, in recent years, apple slags are almost always discarded as waste, but the present invention enables effective utilization and is extremely useful industrially.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a structure of a soil improving agent according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view showing a system for producing a soil conditioner according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an analysis table of a soil conditioner according to an example of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Hopper 3 Crusher 4 Storage tank 6 Tank 8 Reaction tank 9 Storage tank 11 Drying area

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A soil conditioner characterized by comprising adding water to a plant body and adding calcium oxide to cause a reaction, and mixing a calcium compound obtained by the reaction with a plant fiber. 2. The soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the plant fine particles are made of apple dregs.