JPH06261631A - Method for forming mycorrhiza of mycorrhizal fungus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an environment suitable for inoculating a spawn of a mycorrhizal fungus by previously preparing a population of rootlets of a parasitized tree. CONSTITUTION:A water-permeable and light shielding material (5) constructed of an inorganic substance with hardly any various germs is placed on horizontal roots (2) of a parasitized tree with a water-permeable membrane (6) placed therebetween and allowed to pass for 1-2 years. The light shielding material (5) and water-permeable membrane (6) are then removed to inoculate a mycorrhizal fungus into a population (7) of rootlets grown under the water-permeable membrane (6) according to a conventional method. Since the light on the ground is shielded, the horizontal roots (2) of the parasitized tree start rooting toward the upper light shielding material (5) due to physiological properties of the horizontal roots for the light. Since the light shielding material (5) is constructed of the inorganic substance which any various germs hardly exist, the developed rootlets are prevented from elongating in the upward direction with the water-permeable membrane (6) and congested and the various germs are hardly grown. The population (7) of the rootlets is formed on the under side of the water-permeable membrane (6). Thereby, an environment suitable for inoculation of a spawn of the mycorrhizal fungus is prepared to enhance the efficiency of infection with the mycorrhizal fungus.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the formation of mycorrhizal fungi by infecting the roots of pine, oak, kunugi and the like with mycorrhizal fungi that are parasitic on active substances such as matsutake mushrooms, lozenges and honshimeji mushrooms. The method of cultivating.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Mycorrhizal fungi such as matsutake mushroom, rosy, honshimeji, etc. parasitize the live roots of those specific hosts to make mycorrhizas, and form whites, a collection of mycorrhizas, while taking nutrients from the host. To do. When the suitable conditions of nutrients, water content, and temperature are set in this white, fruiting bodies are generated.

Therefore, in order to cultivate mycorrhizal mushrooms such as matsutake mushrooms, lodges and honshimeji mushrooms, it is first necessary to form white, which is a collection of mycorrhizas, and the method is to dissolve spores of mycorrhizal fungi in water. Spore seeding method. A white-transplanting method in which a part of the mycorrhizal fungus is cut off and transplanted into a host forest to infect the host's root system to form white. In addition, seedlings of host trees are planted in front of the direction of advance of white, and after confirming that the roots of the seedlings are infected with white fungi, they are transplanted to other host forests to form white seeds. Transplantation methods are being tried.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention The above-mentioned method is used for selecting a place where a new white spot is to be formed, such as a spore seeding site, a white transplantation site, an infected seedling transplantation site, etc., where the rootlets of the host tree are particularly developed. And a place with less germs is selected. In terms of naturally forming white, mycorrhizal roots are all composed of fine roots, and it is considered that mycelia of mycorrhizal fungi are likely to invade because the outer coat is made up of white soft tissue near the growth point at the tip of the fine roots. Is.

However, in reality, the host trees with many fine roots are soil layers of layer A with many humus, and there are many miscellaneous bacteria that prevent the rooting of mycorrhizal fungi, which are suitable for spore seeding, white transplantation, and infected seedling transplantation. Not suitable. On the other hand, the place where there are few germs is the soil layer of layer B of rock weathered soil with little nutrient such as humus, and the host's fine roots do not develop and the amount of roots is small. Due to the above circumstances, the spore seeding method, the white transplanting method, and the infected seedling transplanting method are all promising methods, but there are few successful cases of forming white.

[0006] In order to solve this problem, various root collecting operations have been attempted. A typical example is a root system of a host tree with a width of 3
Dig a groove with a depth of 0 cm and a depth of about 20 cm, and cut the masa soil into the groove to make a soil, cut a groove with a radius of 2 m around a single host tree, and bury an aze sheet outside the groove. Then, for the ditch, the root rotation aze sheet method, which uses masa soil as a soil, is being tried (how to make Mt. Matsutake, P73 Sobun 1
983), the red pine tree, which is the host tree of Matsutake, has a very poor rooting ability due to the root rotation, and the effect of the operation is low.

[0007] Also, the patent application publication, Hei 1-128724
Then, put dead leaves on the true soil of the planned Matsutake fungus inoculation area,
A method to attract fine roots of Japanese red pine has been proposed, but even when using fresh dead leaves, it takes about 2 years for rooting of red pine, and the dead leaves become humus and the growth of various bacteria is inevitable. Moreover, since red pine is a tree species that easily forms mycorrhiza, even if it quickly forms the mycorrhiza of various fungi and inoculates Matsutake fungi, its survival is difficult.

[0008]

In order to solve this problem, the present invention places a water-permeable, light-shielding substance composed of an inorganic substance containing few germs on the upper surface of the top soil on the horizontal root system of a host tree. A large amount of horizontal roots are diverged to the lower side of this membrane by placing a membrane with micropores that allow water to pass through but not penetrate the host's fine roots To form a group of fine roots of the host, inoculate this with inoculum of mycorrhizal fungus, sow spores, transplant white, transplant infected seedlings to form mycorrhiza and make white Is provided.

The following description will be made with reference to FIG. 1 by taking the pine tree host Akamatsu as an example. The distribution of the common root system of red pine,
The characteristics of the drooping root (1) are that there is a clear distinction between the drooping root (1) (standing root) and the horizontal root (2) that runs along the ground surface. , Roots (3) and lateral roots develop, horizontal roots (2) diverge a lot near roots (3). At the same time, the horizontal root (2) has the property of reacting to the light on the ground, and if it hits the light, it will go underground, and if it enters the dark part, it will go to the ground.
Most of the pine trees are distributed about 3 cm to 10 cm below the surface of the Japanese red pine.

[0010] At one point, when the upper soil (4) of the horizontal root (2) collapses and the horizontal root (2) is exposed on the ground surface, the outer skin of the root thickens and thickens, and turns dark brown into bark. At the same time, the branch roots that branch thereafter extend downward and go underground. On the contrary, when piles (5) such as deciduous leaves are piled up on the upper surface of the horizontal root (2), the horizontal roots (2) in the underground part are rooted all at once and extend upward, Spread roots in the upper sediment (5) during 2 years. In the experiment of the present inventor, branch roots were found after 2 years in Japanese red pine and 1 year in Japanese oak and Japanese oak,
Spread during the upper deposit (5). This phenomenon is considered to be because the limit of the photoreaction of the horizontal root is the amount of light transmission of about 3 cm thick of the surface soil.

Therefore, in the present invention, the horizontal root of the host tree (2)
A light-shielding material composed of an inorganic substance that is water-permeable and has few germs is placed on the upper ground of the, and the horizontal root (2)
The water is supplied to the horizontal root (2) by placing a water permeable membrane (6) having fine pores through which water can penetrate but fine roots cannot penetrate, between the light shielding material (5) and the rooting (5). While creating a favorable environment, the rooted roots are prevented from growing upward, and the fine roots are densely formed between the horizontal root and the water permeable membrane (6). This fine root population (7) is seeded with spores of mycorrhizal fungi, inoculated with cultured inoculum, transplanted with white, transplanted with infectious bacteria, etc. to form mycorrhiza to form white.

[0012]

[Operation] When a permeable shade (5) is placed on the upper ground of the horizontal root (2) of the host tree, the light is blocked and the light becomes dark. Roots in the shade (5) in an attempt to expand the root system. At this time, since the light shield (5) is composed of an inorganic substance, less germs are generated, and if a water permeable membrane (6) that allows water to pass through but not penetrates the rootlets is placed, the generated rootlets will be permeable. Since it cannot extend above (6), it accumulates under the membrane and is densely populated to form a group of fine roots (7) that are suitable for inoculation of mycorrhizal fungi.

[0013]

Example 1 A black vinyl shading net (trade name: Dionet, manufactured by Dio Kasei) was cut into a 30 cm square,
Stack 10 sheets. A 30 cm square and 5 cm deep hole was dug on the ground surface 1 m outside the red pine roots (3), and a 40 cm square non-woven fabric (6) (trade name Mariace, on the horizontal root)
Asahi Kasei) was laid and 10 sheets of the above-mentioned light-shielding net were placed on it, and after 2 years had passed, this was removed, and the cultured Matsutake fungus was cultivated in the center of the fine root generated under the nonwoven fabric (6). And inoculate with Masa soil.

[0014]

[Example 2] 30 on the surface 1 m outside from the root of Quercus
A horizontal root (2) that appeared by digging a hole with a cm square and a depth of 5 cm.
40 cm square non-woven fabric (6) (trade name: Mariece, made by Asahi Kasei) is laid on top of it, and a 30 cm square with a thickness of 1
Layer 0 cm rock wool mat. After a year
This is removed, and the fine roots densely placed under the non-woven fabric (6) are seeded with the spores of Hon-shimeji and covered with subsoil.

[0015]

[Effects of the Invention] In the white-spotted mycorrhizal fungus, after spores have settled on the fine roots of the host tree, the rooting hormones auxins and cytokinins produced by the mycorrhizal fungus act,
It is said that the mycorrhizal branching is developed, and the amount of roots of fine roots is increased to form white, but in the present invention, it is a light-shielding material that is preliminarily water-permeable and is composed of less inorganic bacteria, By blocking the light on the ground, the physiological properties of the horizontal roots for light are used to promote the development of fine roots.
By laying a membrane that allows water to permeate but does not penetrate the rootlets, it prevents the rootlets from growing upwards and causes the rootlets to become dense.
Since this method is to inoculate inoculum, inoculate spores, transplant white, or infectious bacteria into this group of roots to form mycorrhiza, the probability of mycorrhiza formation is high, and mycorrhiza formation is high. The period of time required for the transfer of mycorrhizal fungi capable of producing fruiting bodies to white is shortened.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view illustrating a first embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Drooping roots of host trees 2 Horizontal roots of host trees 3 Roots of host trees 4 Topsoil on horizontal roots of host trees 5 Shading materials 6 Water-permeable membranes that prevent the growth of fine roots 7 Fine roots rooted

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification code Office reference number FI technical display location C12R 1: 645) 7804-4B

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. When infecting a root of a host plant with a mycorrhizal fungus, a permeable light-shielding material composed of an inorganic substance is placed on the ground above the horizontal root of the host, and the light-shielding material and the horizontal root Water is permeable in the meantime, but a membrane with micropores that cannot penetrate the host's fine roots is placed, and the fine roots are densely generated underneath this membrane, and the fine roots are inoculated with inoculum of mycorrhizal fungi, A method of forming a mycorrhizal fungus, which comprises infecting the mycorrhizal fungus by spore seeding of the mycorrhizal fungus, transplanting of the mycorrhizal fungus, or transplanting an infected mycorrhizal fungus seedling.