JPH05295980A - Construction of larger sectional tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable execution of a pipe roofing extending over a long distance, in an unstable ground where rock, earth and sand are mixed. CONSTITUTION:A tubular guide pipe 13 is installed in a tip 2Ab of a tunneling steel pipe 2A being situated a topmost end for tunnel boring free of oscillating drive in the shape of being interconnected to other pipes via a directional control jack 19, while an excavator 10 shiftable in the steel pipe 2 is set up in the tip 2Ab of the tunneling steel pipe 2A, thus this excavator 10 tunnels forward as correcting the tunneling direction by the guide pipe: Plural pieces of steel pipes 2 are embedded in an unstable ground 41 where rock, earth and sand are mixed in, till connecting steel pipes 3 are reached to the overall length L of a pipe roofing where it should execute, as extending each steel pipe for ring. The excavator 10 is reused, and required numbers of connecting steel pipes 3 are embedded for pipe roofing construction, tunneling the ground surrounded by the executed pipe roofing, thus a large sectional tunnel 5 is constructed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of constructing a large-section tunnel suitable for constructing a large-section tunnel such as a 4-lane tunnel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When constructing a tunnel in the ground where the ground strength is low, for example, a plurality of steel pipes are formed into a semi-circular shape so as to cover the arch part of the tunnel along the cross section of the tunnel to be excavated. After burying, that is, by constructing a pipe roof, after protecting the ground with low ground strength to be excavated,
A tunnel is constructed by excavating the ground surrounded by the pipe roof. Conventionally, a tunnel constructed by constructing a pipe roof is constructed, for example, by passing through a track in the embankment of a railway, or in the ground with a short distance between the vertical shaft and the vertical shaft. Was there.
That is, a method of constructing a tunnel by constructing a pipe roof has been implemented only when the pipe roof can be constructed so as to penetrate from the well to the well of the tunnel to be constructed.

[0003]

However, in this case, for example, when constructing a large-section tunnel over a long distance in a rock mountain composed of bedrock, the rock quality near the wellhead is a mixture of rock and earth and sand. It is unstable and, in urban areas, it is necessary to protect the foundation of structures such as houses because it is shallowly covered with soil. However, since it is not possible to collect an excavator that excavates the ground for burying pipes such as steel pipes that form the pipe roof, a large number of excavators are required in a disposable form to form the pipe roof. However, it was not possible to construct a pipe roof in reality. Further, in the conventional pipe roof construction method, it is not only difficult to excavate an unstable ground where shallow rock and earth and sand are mixed and to bury a pipe such as a steel pipe, and the rock quality is unstable. When the ground continues for a long distance, it is necessary to bury a pipe such as a steel pipe over the long distance, but it is difficult to dig with high accuracy to construct a pipe roof because of the long distance.

In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a method of constructing a large-section tunnel capable of constructing a pipe roof over a long distance in a part of the tunnel to be constructed.

[0005]

That is, the present invention has a plurality of pipes (2) in the case of constructing a large-section tunnel by constructing a pipe roof in the ground (41). The first step of providing a tubular guide means (13, 19) at the tip (2Ab) of one of the tubes (2A) so that it can be swung freely so as to communicate with the one tube, and in the one tube A second step of removably providing the excavation means (10) adjacent to the guide means, the ground pipe roof (1)
After the guide means provided on the one pipe is positioned at a position to be constructed, the third step of excavating the ground by the excavating means and correcting the excavating direction by the guide means, In the excavated ground, the fourth step of pressing and embedding the pipe from the outside of the ground, the third and fourth steps, while extending the pipe, reach the total length (L) of the pipe roof to be constructed. 5th step which repeats up to, 6th step of carrying out the excavating means from the inside of the buried pipe when these pipes are buried until reaching the full length of the pipe roof to be constructed, The first to sixth steps are repeated to construct the pipe roof, excavate the ground surrounded by the constructed pipe roof, and construct a large-section tunnel (5).

The numbers in parentheses are for convenience of showing the corresponding elements in the drawings, and the present description is not limited to the description in the drawings. The same applies to the column of "action" below.

[0007]

With the above structure, the present invention provides the excavating means (1
By moving 0) in the pipe (2) and carrying it out of the pipe, it acts so that it can be reused. The ground (41)
The guide means (13, 19) is swingably driven at the tip (2Ab) of one tube (2A) which is the first tube to be buried in the pipe, so that the excavation direction can be corrected even during the excavation. Acts like.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cutaway side view showing an embodiment of a method for constructing a large cross section tunnel according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the large cross section tunnel shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. It is a detailed view showing an excavator applied to the construction method,
(A) is a fracture | rupture side view of an excavator at the time of sliding out. (B) is sectional drawing which looked at the excavation truck of the excavator from the back. FIG. 4 is a cutaway side view of the excavator shown in FIG. 3 during excavation.

In the method of constructing a large-section tunnel according to the present invention, an excavator 10 used for burying a steel pipe 2 forming a pipe roof 1 described later is shown in FIGS.
As shown in (b) and FIG. 4, a cylindrical excavation cart 11 having an outer diameter D3 (outer diameter D3 <inner diameter D2 of the steel pipe 2 described later).
And a cylindrical slide-out carriage 12 having an outer diameter D3. Roller-shaped tire rollers 15, 15 are provided on the outer circumference of the excavation carriage 11 and the slide-out carriage 12. That is, the excavator 10 can be put into the steel pipe 2 described later, and the excavator 10 having entered the steel pipe 2 can travel in the steel pipe 2 by the tire rollers 15. Further, on the outer periphery of the excavation carriage 11, grippers 16, 16, 16, 16 composed of hydraulic jacks and the like are provided in a cross shape so as to be projected and retracted in the radial direction, and further,
An excavation device 20 is provided in the excavation vehicle 11 so as to be rotatable with respect to the excavation vehicle 11. That is, the excavation cart 11
Pushes the inner surface 2a of the steel pipe 2 which will be described later by projecting these grippers 16 to move the excavation carriage 11 to the steel pipe 2
Can be fixed against.

That is, the excavator 20 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in (b) and FIG. 4, a cylindrical rotating drum 2
1, the swiveling drum 21 is rotatably provided with respect to the excavation vehicle 11 along a flange-shaped frame 11a that stands upright inside the excavation vehicle 11.
An annular ring gear 22 is provided inside the swiveling drum 21 in such a manner that its meshing surface faces inward in the radial direction. In addition, the flange-shaped frame 11 of the excavation carriage 11
A swing motor 23, which can be driven to rotate normally and reversely, is fixed to a, and a pinion gear 24 is attached to the swing motor 23. The pinion gear 24 is the ring gear 22.
The rotary drum 23 is rotated by appropriately rotating the rotary motor 23.

Further, the turning drum 23 has a structure shown in FIGS.
As shown in (b) and FIG. 4, the brackets 25, 25 are provided upright toward the inner side in the radial direction.
25 is a cylindrical guide cell 27 with an open tip.
Are pivotally attached so that they can be swung in the radial direction. A rock drill 28 that can excavate rock is provided in the guide cell 27, and the rock drill 28 is a guide cell in the directions of arrows G and H in a form corresponding to the excavation direction (arrows A and B directions). It is provided so as to be capable of projecting and retracting with respect to 27. A swinging jack 26, such as a hydraulic jack, which can be driven to project and retreat is pivotally attached to the brackets 25, 25 so as to swing in the radial direction. The other end of the swinging jack 26 has a guide cell. The outer peripheral surface of 27 is pivotally attached to the approximate center. Therefore, the rock drill 28 not only protrudes and retracts with respect to the guide cell 27 in the directions of arrows G and H, but also rotates with respect to the excavation carriage 11 by rotationally driving the rotation motor 23, and also rocks the jack. By projecting and retracting 26, it swings in the radial direction, so that it is possible to excavate the inside of a circle having an outer diameter D1 or more of the steel pipe 2 described later.

On the other hand, the slide-out carriage 12 is provided with a slide-out conveyor 35 so that the slide can be conveyed behind the slide-out carriage 12, and the bottom of the slide-out carriage 12 is for carrying out the slide-out. A work floor 37 is provided so that the slide carrier 36 can be loaded and unloaded. Furthermore, the slide-out carriage 1
2, a hydraulic control unit 30 is provided. The hydraulic control unit 30 includes a rock drill 28, a rocking jack 26, a turning motor 23, a slide jack 17, which will be described later, based on an instruction from a worker at a remote place. The direction control jack 19 and the like are controlled. Further, hydraulic lines 31, 31 are connected to the hydraulic control unit 30, and the hydraulic lines 31, 31 are connected in such a manner that hydraulic pressure can be supplied from a hydraulic source at a remote place (not shown). Further, the slide-out carriage 12 is provided with a slide jack 17 composed of a hydraulic jack or the like so as to be capable of projecting and retracting in a direction (arrow A1, B1 direction) parallel to the excavation direction (arrow A, B direction). The other end of the slide jack 17 is pivotally attached to the inner surface of the bogie 11. Accordingly, with the slide-out carriage 12 fixed, the slide jack 17 is projected and retracted,
The excavation carriage 11 can be moved forward and backward in the excavation direction (arrows A and B directions).

By the way, the tunnel construction site 50 where the large section tunnel 5 is to be constructed, as shown in FIG.
The rocky mountain 40 consisting of a, but the wellhead 5c where excavation is started
From about 100 m to about 100 m, houses and the like are built, the soil cover is shallow, and unstable unstable ground 41 in which rock and earth are mixed is formed. Therefore, when the method of constructing a large cross section tunnel according to the present invention is applied to the tunnel construction site 50, the large section tunnel 5 is converted into a large cross section tunnel 5 as shown in FIGS.
An outer diameter D1 (minimum 1) is formed along the cross section of the large section tunnel 5 to be excavated so as to cover the arch 5a of the large section tunnel 5.
300 mm), unit length L1 (minimum 5000 mm)
A plurality of steel pipes 2 are buried in a semi-circular shape to form an unstable ground 41.
The total length L (L = L
(1 × n) pipe roof 1 is formed to protect the unstable ground 41 to be excavated, and then the unstable ground 41 surrounded by the pipe roof 1 is excavated.

Here, the unstable ground 4 in which rock and sand are mixed
In order to be able to continuously excavate even in No. 1, the excavator 10 described above is used to connect the steel pipe 2 having the unit length L1 to the unstable ground 4
Plural pieces are buried in 1. That is, since the outer diameter D3 of the excavator 10 having the rock drill 28 for crushing rocks is smaller than the inner diameter D2 of the steel pipe 2, the propelling steel pipe 2A, which is the leading steel pipe 2 to be buried in the unstable ground 41, is illustrated in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 3A to 3B and FIG. 4, the excavator 10 is inserted. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, when the slide jack 17 of the slide-out carriage 12 is completely projected, the tip of the excavation carriage 11 is located at the excavation position X1 which is substantially located at the tip 2Ab in the excavation direction of the propelling steel pipe 2A. Thus, the rear end 12a of the slide-out carriage 12 and the inner surface 2Aa of the propelling steel pipe 2A are connected via the fixing bracket 33, and the slide-out carriage 12 is fixed to the propelling steel pipe 2A. Therefore, the propelling steel pipe 2A functions as an outer shell of a usual shield machine.

Next, in order to accurately excavate over a long distance, the tip 2Ab of the propelling steel pipe 2A in the direction of excavation is shown in FIG.
As shown in (a) and FIG. 4, the outer diameter D4 (D4 = steel pipe 2
A guide tube 13 made of a steel tube having a short outer diameter D1) is swingably driven. That is, the guide pipe 13 is connected to the tip 2Ab of the propelling steel pipe 2A in the excavating direction so as to communicate with the propelling steel pipe 2A via a plurality of direction control jacks 19 such as hydraulic jacks.

As described above, when the excavator 10 and the guide pipe 13 are mounted on the propulsion steel pipe 2A which is the leading steel pipe 2 to be buried in the unstable ground 41, the pipe roof 1 is formed as shown in FIG. The propulsive steel pipe 2A is positioned on the unstable ground 41 so that the guide pipe 13 faces the excavation direction (arrow A, B direction). Next, the operator gives an instruction for excavation to the hydraulic control unit 30, activates a hydraulic source (not shown), and supplies hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic source to the hydraulic control unit 30 via the hydraulic pipes 31, 31. .. Then, the hydraulic control unit 30 that has received the excavation instruction starts the excavation by controlling the rock drill 28, the swing jack 26, the swing motor 23, the slide jack 17, which will be described later, the direction control jack 19 and the like based on the excavation instruction. To do.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the hydraulic control unit 30 causes the slide jack 17 to project in the direction of the arrow A1 so that the excavation truck 11 moves the tire roller 15 and the propelling steel pipe 2A.
The inner surface 2Aa of the excavation carriage 11 is moved to the excavation position X1, the gripper 16 of the excavation carriage 11 is projected to press the inner surface 2Aa of the propelling steel pipe 2A, and the excavation carriage 11 is propelled into the propelling steel pipe 2A.
Fix to A. Next, the excavation carriage 1 is moved to the excavation position X1.
After positioning and fixing 1, the rock drill 28 is operated to drive the rock drill 28 to project and retract with respect to the guide cell 27 in the directions of arrows G and H, and excavate the unstable ground 41.
The rotation motor 23 is appropriately driven to rotate, and the swing jack 2
6 is appropriately driven to project and retreat, and the outer diameter D1 of the propelling steel pipe 2A is
The unstable ground 41 in the above circle is excavated to form the face 41a.

Next, after completing the excavation of the excavable area at the excavation position X1, the hydraulic control unit 30 retracts the gripper 16 of the excavation carriage 11 to release the fixation to the propelling steel pipe 2A, and then, as shown in FIG. As shown in a), the slide jack 17 is retracted in the direction of the arrow B1 to move the excavation carriage 11
After positioning the vehicle at the slide-out position X2, the slide-out conveyor 35 is operated to load the slide on the slide carrier 36 which is carried into the slide-out carriage 12 in parallel with or prior to the excavation. The shear transport vehicle 36 carrying the shear carries out to the outside of the propulsion steel pipe 2A, and carries out the shear generated by the excavation to the outside of the propulsion steel pipe 2A.

Next, when the excavable area at the excavation position X1 is excavated and the shear generated by the excavation is carried out to the outside of the propulsion steel pipe 2A, the worker operates the hydraulic control unit 30.
Instruct the operator to stop the excavation and push the propelling steel pipe 2A from outside with a hydraulic jack etc.
The excavator 10 is propelled together with A. Then, when the worker again instructs the hydraulic control unit 30 to excavate,
The hydraulic control unit 30 projects the slide jack 17 in the direction of the arrow A1 to position and fix the excavation carriage 11 at the excavation position X1, and thereafter activates the rock drill 28 to excavate the unstable ground 41 to remove the face 41a. Move forward and drill position X1
After excavating the excavable range in, the gripper 16 is released, the slide jack 17 is retracted in the direction of arrow B1, the excavation carriage 11 is positioned at the slide-out position X2, and then the slide-out conveyor 35 is operated. A series of operations from excavation of the unstable ground 41 to slip-out is repeated by loading the shear on the shear carrier 36 and carrying out the shear generated by the excavation to the outside of the propulsion steel pipe 2A. And the propulsion steel pipe 2A is buried in the unstable ground 41.

When the unit length L1 of the propelling steel pipe 2A is excavated, a new steel pipe 2 is added to the rear of the propelling steel pipe 2A by welding or the like to propel the excavator 10 next time. The newly added steel pipe 2 is pushed by a hydraulic jack or the like to propel the excavator 10 together with the propelling steel pipe 2A. That is, the steel pipe 2 having the unit length L1 is added while excavating until reaching the total length L of the pipe roof 1 to be constructed, and finally the steel pipe 2 having the unit length L1 is placed in the unstable ground 41.
A plurality of steel pipes 2 are embedded so as to form a connected steel pipe 3 having a total length L integrated with each other. Further, if the excavation direction deviates from the planned line during the excavation until reaching the total length L of the pipe roof 1 to be constructed, the direction control jack 19 is appropriately projected and retracted in the directions of the arrows A2 and B2, and the guide tube After turning 13 in the direction you want to correct, excavate with rock drill 28,
After excavation, the direction is corrected by propelling the steel pipe 2.

As described above, the excavation / slide operation, the addition of the steel pipe 2 and the correction of the direction are repeated to excavate the unstable ground 41 over a long distance, and the unit length L1 is set in the unstable ground 41.
It is possible to embed a plurality of steel pipes 2 so as to form a connected steel pipe 3 having a total length L in which the steel pipes 2 of FIG. Further, when the connecting steel pipe 3 having the total length L in which the steel pipe 2 having the unit length L1 is integrated is embedded in the unstable ground 41, the fixing bracket 33
To remove the excavator 10 to the outside of the steel pipe 2 and remove the direction control jack 19 from the guide pipe 13 and the propulsion steel pipe 2A to carry it to the outside of the steel pipe 2.

By the way, the carry-out excavator 10 and the direction control jack 19 are reused for new excavation. That is, as described above, the excavator 10 that has been carried out is inserted into the new propulsion steel pipe 2A that is the first steel pipe 2 that should be newly buried in the unstable ground 41, and the slide jack 17 of the slide-out carriage 12 is inserted. When fully extended, the excavator truck 11
So as to be located at the excavation position X1 by connecting the sliding carriage 12 and the propelling steel pipe 2A via the fixing bracket 33,
The slide cart 12 is fixed to the propelling steel pipe 2A. Further, a new guide tube 13 is connected to the tip 2Ab of the propulsion steel pipe 2A in a form of communicating with the new propulsion steel pipe 2A via the direction control jack 19 that has been carried out. Then, as described above, the excavator 10 and the guide pipe 1 are attached to the new propelling steel pipe 2A.
As shown in FIG. 2, when the equipment 3 is installed, the unstable ground 41 on which the pipe roof 1 is to be formed is formed along the cross section of the large section tunnel 5 to be excavated so as to cover the arch 5a of the large section tunnel 5. , The guide tube 13 is in the excavation direction (directions of arrows A and B)
Position the propulsion steel pipe 2A so that it faces. Then, excavation / slipping work, addition of the steel pipe 2 and direction correction are repeated to excavate the unstable ground 41 over a long distance, and the steel pipe 2 having a new unit length L1 is integrated into the unstable ground 41. A plurality of steel pipes 2 are embedded so as to form a connected steel pipe 3 having a total length L. Further, in the unstable ground 41, the connecting steel pipe 3 having a total length L
After burying, the fixing bracket 33 is removed and the excavator 10 is again carried out to the outside of the steel pipe 2, and the direction control jack 19 is removed from the guide pipe 13 and the propelling steel pipe 2A and carried out to the outside of the steel pipe 2, Reuse for new drilling.

As described above, the reuse of the excavator 10 and the direction control jack 19 is repeated, and in the unstable ground 41, as shown in FIG. 2, along the cross section of the large section tunnel 5 to be excavated, By embedding a predetermined number of the connecting steel pipes 3 having a total length L so as to cover the arch 5a of the large-section tunnel 5, the pipe roof 1 can be formed in a form that protects the unstable ground 41 to be excavated. Therefore, after the pipe roof 1 is formed, the unstable ground 41 surrounded by the pipe roof 1 is excavated by a predetermined excavator to construct the large-section tunnel 5.

Therefore, the rock drilling machine 2 for breaking the rock in the excavator 10
8 and equipped with the outer diameter D3 of the excavator 10 <inner diameter D2 of the steel pipe 2 instead of the steel pipe 2 as an outer shell, it is possible to excavate not only in the unstable ground 41 in which rock and earth and sand are mixed, If the excavator 10 that has completed excavation is moved inside the steel pipe 2 and carried out to the outside of the connected steel pipe 3 having the total length L,
Since the excavator 10 equipped with the rock drill 28 can be reused, it is physically and costly to excavate the unstable ground 41 in which rock and earth are mixed to bury the steel pipe 2. it can. Further, since the guide tube 13 is swingably driven at the tip 2Ab of the propulsion steel pipe 2A which is the leading steel pipe 2 to be buried in the unstable ground 41, it is possible to correct the excavation direction even during the excavation. Therefore, it is possible to excavate over a long distance with high accuracy, and a plurality of steel pipes 2 can be buried. Therefore, the pipe roof 1 can be constructed over a long distance on the unstable ground 41 in which rock and soil are mixed, and the large-section tunnel 5 can be constructed.

In the above embodiment, the ground near the wellhead is the unstable ground 41 in which rock and earth are mixed.
It goes without saying that any ground may be used as long as the ground requires pipe roof construction.

[0026]

As explained above, the present invention has a plurality of pipes such as steel pipes 2 when constructing a large cross-section tunnel by constructing a pipe roof in the ground such as unstable ground 41. At the tip 2Ab of one of these tubes such as the propelling steel tube 2A, the tubular guide tube 13 and the direction control jack 19 are provided.
A first step of providing a guide means such as an excavator so as to be swingable in a form of communicating with the one pipe, and an excavating means such as an excavator 10 is removably provided in the one pipe adjacent to the guide means. Second step of providing, positioning the guide means provided on the one pipe at a position where the pipe roof 1 of the ground is to be constructed, then excavating the ground by the excavating means, and excavating direction by the guide means. The third step of digging while correcting the above, the fourth step of burying the pipe by pressing the pipe from the outside of the ground in the digged ground, the third and fourth steps,
Fifth step of adding the pipes and repeating until reaching the total length L of the pipe roof to be constructed, when these pipes are buried until reaching the full length of the pipe roof to be constructed, the excavating means is carried out from the buried pipe. Sixth step, the excavating means carried out is reused, and the first to sixth steps are repeated to construct the pipe roof, and excavate the ground surrounded by the constructed pipe roof, Since it was constructed to build the large cross-section tunnel 5,

Since the excavating means is detachably provided in the pipe, the excavating means can be reused if the excavating means that has finished excavating is moved inside the pipe and carried out of the pipe.
It is possible to excavate the ground and bury the pipe in a part of the large-section tunnel 5 to be constructed a plurality of times both physically and costly. In addition, the tip of one pipe, which is the first pipe (the pipe located at the leading edge of the excavation) to be buried in the ground, 2
By providing the guide means on the Ab so that it can be swung freely, the excavation direction can be corrected even during excavation.
It is possible to dig with high precision over a long distance. Therefore,
A pipe roof can be installed over a long distance in a part of the tunnel to be built.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cutaway side view showing an embodiment of a method for constructing a large cross-section tunnel according to the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view of the large-section tunnel shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a detailed view showing an excavator applied to the method for constructing a large-section tunnel according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 (a) is a cutaway side view of the excavator when sliding out. (B)
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an excavator truck of an excavator as seen from the rear.

4 is a cutaway side view of the excavator shown in FIG. 3 during excavation.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... Pipe roof 2 ... Pipe (steel pipe) 2A ... One pipe (propulsion steel pipe) 2Ab ... Tip 5 ... Large section tunnel 10 ... Excavation means (excavator) 13 ... Guide means (guide pipe) 19 ... Guide means (direction control jack) 41 ... Ground (unstable ground) L ... Full length

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. When constructing a large-section tunnel by constructing a pipe roof in the ground, a plurality of pipes are provided, and a tubular guide means is provided at the tip of one of these pipes. A first step of freely swinging in a manner communicating with the pipe; a second step of detachably installing excavating means adjacent to the guide means in the one pipe; and constructing a pipe roof for the ground. A third step of positioning the guide means provided on the one pipe at an appropriate position, excavating the ground by the excavating means, and excavating while correcting the excavation direction by the guide means, the excavated soil A fourth step of pressing and embedding the pipe from the outside of the ground therein, a fifth step of repeating the third and fourth steps until the full length of the pipe roof to be constructed is reached while adding the pipe. Construction of these pipes After burying up to the full length of the pipe roof, the sixth step of unloading the excavation means from the buried pipe, the reused excavation means, and the first to sixth steps are repeated. , Constructing a pipe roof, excavating the ground surrounded by the constructed pipe roof,
A method of constructing a large-section tunnel configured so as to construct a large-section tunnel.