JPH0524273Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] This invention supplies scion seedlings and rootstock seedlings, cuts them at predetermined positions, and attaches the cut surfaces to each other to form seedlings such as clips. The present invention relates to a seedling cutting device in a grafting device that performs a grafting operation to obtain grafted seedlings by fixing them with a gripper.

[Conventional technology]

In recent years, most of the fruit and vegetable seedlings grown in facilities such as glass rooms and plastic greenhouses are grafted seedlings. The grafting process for producing grafted seedlings is carried out manually with the use of some auxiliary tools. In view of the current situation, the present applicant proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 63-260186 that cutting the supplied scion seedlings and rootstock seedlings at predetermined positions during the process of transporting the supplied scion seedlings and rootstock seedlings. However, they have proposed an apparatus that automatically produces grafted seedlings by joining the respective cut surfaces and fixing the joining position.

[The problem that the idea attempts to solve]

By the way, as a result of testing using a prototype of the above-mentioned grafted seedling manufacturing apparatus, the following problems were detected.

Undesirable things such as double cuts occur on the cut surface of the scion.

The shape of the cut surface of the rootstock can be undesirable, such as a shallow cut (the growth point of the rootstock seedling remains) or a deep cut (a state where the leaves that should be left are likely to come off).

Rootstock seedlings have no adaptability to bending.

There is variation in the height of the cut surface of the scion. As a result, the rootstock and the cut surface may not match, resulting in gluing errors.

The guides in the seedling transport/cutting section hit the hypocotyls and leaves, disrupting the transport posture and causing gluing errors.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following features: (1) In a cutting device that cuts a scion seedling or rootstock seedling for grafting while gripping it, in the scion seedling, the root side from the gripping position is rotated. Cut in a downward direction with a cutting blade provided on the cutting arm that rotates so that the cut surface faces diagonally downward, and in the above rootstock seedlings, the apical bud side from the gripping position is cut up with the cutting blade provided on the rotating cutting arm. (2) When cutting the above-mentioned scion seedlings or rootstock seedlings, the back of the seedling is supported by a receiving member and cut at a predetermined position. (3) When cutting the rootstock seedlings, the seedlings were held down by a seedling holding member provided on the cutting arm, and the growing point was also removed along with one of the cotyledons using the cutting blade provided on the cutting arm; Each has its own characteristics.

[Effect]

With the above configuration, the cutting positions of the scion seedlings and rootstock seedlings are constant, and the bondability of the cut surfaces of both seedlings is good.

The receiving member cuts the scion seedlings and the rootstock seedlings at suitable positions, and a stable cutting action is performed.

It works like this.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of the entire grafting device, and numeral 1 is a seedling supply section, 2 is a scion processing section, 3 is a rootstock processing section, 4 is an adhesion section, and 5 is a seedling gripping body supply section and a seedling discharge section. Show part.

The seedling supply section 1 supports a scion seedling supply section 6 and a rootstock seedling supply section 7 so as to rotate at a predetermined interval (in the embodiment, it will be described as rotating in the direction of the arrow). The supply sections 6 and 7 have the same substantial configuration, so one (the scion seedling supply section 6) will be explained, and the common parts of the other (rootstock seedling supply section 7) will be given the same reference numerals. The explanation will be omitted. A large number of scion seedling supply parts 6 (24 in the drawing) are arranged around the outer circumference of the disc part 8.
Seedling supporting arms 9, 9, . Then, the scion seedling A is placed in each seedling support opening 10, 10...
Rootstock seedling B is gaining popularity. Also,
The scion seedling supply section 6 is connected to the fitting section 1 with respect to the rotating shaft 11.
It is inserted through 2.

A plurality of sets of the scion seedling supply section 6 (rootstock seedling supply section 7) are prepared, and the scion seedling A or the rootstock seedling B is placed in each seedling support opening 10 by human power in advance near the petiole base of the cotyledon. It is designed to be suspended and supported so that the supply part can be replaced, but it may also be a fixed type. Moreover, the supporting direction of the seedling with respect to the seedling support opening 10 is as follows.
As shown in Figure 1, when the scion seedling A is supported so that its cotyledon development direction is oriented in the tangential direction of rotation, and the rootstock seedling B is supported so that its cotyledon development direction is directed toward the center of rotation, the scion and rootstock We predicted that the grafted seedlings that were glued together with their cut surfaces facing each other would have a state in which the cotyledon development direction of the scion and the rootstock would intersect, which would have a positive effect on the subsequent growth of the grafted seedlings. However, it is also possible to create grafted seedlings even if the direction of the cotyledons is changed, so there is no need to be particular about the direction in which the cotyledons develop.

The rotating shaft 11 is intermittently rotated (or synchronously rotated) by a motor (not shown).
They are synchronized to have a mutual spacing of 9.

The following explanation is for the case of intermittent rotation.
As shown in Figures 1 to 3 and Figures 8 to 17, the scion processing section 2 and the rootstock processing section 3 take turns to grip and rotate the scion seedlings A and rootstock seedlings B supported in the seedling support opening 10 of the seedling supply section 1, cut the seedlings at a predetermined position, and bring the cut surfaces close to each other or join them together, as shown in Figures 1 to 3 and Figures 8 to 17. For this reason, the scion processing section 2 and the rootstock processing section 3 rotate so that the cut surfaces come close to each other or join together (although in the embodiment, the rotation directions of the scion processing section 2 and the rootstock processing section 3 are opposite, it is not necessary to be particular about this rotation direction),
The grasping positions (heights) of the scion seedling A and the rootstock seedling B are different, and the cutting direction is changed so that the cut surfaces of the seedlings face in different directions for scion A and rootstock B and are brought close together or joined.Other than that, the same names are used for similar components and detailed explanations are omitted.

The scion processing unit 2 supports a rotating shaft 15 via a bearing 14 on the cylindrical portion 13a of a circular guide fixing plate 13, fixes a scion conveying plate 16 to the upper end of the rotating shaft 15, and rotates the scion processing unit 2. The motor 1 is attached to the lower end of the shaft 15.
7 are connected. The scion conveying plate 16 is connected to the rotating shaft 1
5 as the center, and each scion gripper attachment protrusion 16a is provided at equally divided positions (in the embodiment, three equal parts) on its outer circumference, and each scion gripper attachment protrusion 16a
Attached to 6a is a scion gripper 18 that opens and closes in a direction intersecting the hypocotyl of the seedling to release and grip the scion. The scion gripper 18 is provided with a gripper opening/closing roll 20 in rolling contact with an arc-shaped guide rail 19 attached to the guide fixing plate 13 at its opening/closing operation portion.

In addition, the rootstock processing unit 3 fixes a guide fixing plate 23 to the upper end of the fixed shaft 22 fixed to the base 21,
A guide rail 24 is attached to this guide fixing plate 23, and a rootstock conveying plate 26 is rotatably supported on the lower fixed shaft 22 of this guide fixing plate 23 via a bearing 25. Rootstock gripper attachment protrusions 26a are provided at equally divided positions on the outer periphery of the conveyor plate 26 (in the embodiment, three equally divided positions), and a rootstock gripper 27 is attached to each rootstock gripper attachment protrusion 26a. A gear 28 is provided on the outer circumference of the fixed shaft 22 of the rootstock conveying plate 26, and a gear 30 attached to the output shaft of a motor 29 meshes with the gear 28. The rootstock gripper 27 is provided with a roll 31 for opening and closing the gripper. The guide rail 24 (the guide rail 19 of the scion processing section 2 is also the same) with which the gripper opening/closing roll 31 rolls into contact, has an opening/closing guide 32 with pins 33 on the side of the seedling supply section 1 and the adhesive section 4 on the circumference. It is rotatably provided. This opening/closing guide 32 is a cylinder such as an air cylinder (or solenoid) whose base end is pivotally connected to the guide fixing plate 23.
The tips of the 34 push rods 34a are connected, and the rootstock gripper 27 is opened and closed via the gripper opening/closing roll 31 by expanding and contracting the push rod 34a.
2 is provided with a stopper 35 and a return spring 36, so that when the push rod 34a is retracted, the opening/closing guide 32 is positioned on approximately the same outer circumference as the guide rail 24.

The rootstock gripper 27 (the same applies to the scion gripper 18), as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13,
The lower gripper 37 and the upper gripper 38 are pivotally connected via a spring to a pivot pin 39 whose one end is fixed to the rootstock gripper attachment protrusion 26a, and the rear extension of the lower gripper 37 and the rear end of the upper gripper 38 are connected. Both ends of the opening/closing cam 40 are pivotally connected between the opening/closing cam 40 and the central part of the opening/closing cam 40 is attached to the rootstock gripper attachment protrusion 26.
It is pivotally supported by a pivot pin 41 having one end fixed to a, and the rod tip of the opening/closing roll 31 is connected to this pivot portion. The distance between the pivot pin 39 and the pivot joint between the upper gripper 38 and the opening/closing cam 40 is L1, and the distances from the pivot pin 41 of the opening/closing cam 40 to the pivots at both ends are a and b. Support pin 39
The distance from the opening/closing cam 40 to the pivot point of the lower gripper 37 is defined as L2, and the relationship is L2=L1+a+b L1<L2. A return spring 4 is attached to the opening/closing roll 31.
2 and a stopper 43 are provided.

Therefore, the opening/closing roll 3 is moved by the opening/closing guide 32.
1 to open the rootstock gripper 27, the opening angle θ1 of the upper gripper 38 is larger than the opening angle θ0 of the lower gripper 37 (θ1>θ0). That is, when the rootstock gripper 27 is opened to grip the rootstock B while the rootstock conveying plate 26 is rotating, the gripper opens slightly wide toward the outside of the rotation to make it easier to grip the rootstock B.

Rootstock gripper 2 shown in Figures 14 and 15
In the second embodiment of No. 7, a link 44 is provided in place of the opening/closing cam 40 of the first embodiment, and the rear end of the rear extension of the lower gripper 37 is pivoted at the base end to the rootstock conveying plate 26. Push rod 45a of cylinder 45
The distance between the pivot pin 39 and the pivot joint of the upper gripper 38 and the link 44 is
l1, pivot pin 39, lower gripper 37 and link 4
When the distance to the pivot point of No. 4 is l0, there is a relationship of l1 < l0. Therefore, when the push rod 45a pushes up the rear end of the rear extension of the lower gripper 37 to open the rootstock gripper 27, the lower gripper 37
The opening angle θ1 of the upper gripper 38 is larger than the opening angle θ0 of the upper gripper 38 (θ1>θ0).

Rootstock gripper 2 shown in Figures 16 and 17
In the third embodiment of No. 7, the lengths of the upper gripper 38 and the lower gripper 37 in the second embodiment are made equal, and the rear ends of the upper gripper 38 and the lower gripper 37 are connected by a link 46. Therefore,
When the rootstock gripper 27 is opened by pushing up the rear end of the lower gripper 37 with the push rod 45a, the opening angle of the lower gripper 37 and the upper gripper 38 are
When the opening angles of the rootstocks are equal and the rootstock gripper 27 is opened to grip the rootstock B while the rootstock conveying plate 26 is rotating, the gripping performance is slightly inferior to that in the first and second embodiments. However, there is no problem in practical use.

The scion processing unit 2 and the rootstock processing unit 3 are equipped with a scion seedling cutting device 47 and a rootstock seedling cutting device, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and FIGS. 8 to 11. 48 are provided. The scion seedling cutting device 47 has a cutting arm 50 attached to the rotating shaft of a motor 49, and a cutting blade 51 like a razor blade is removably attached to the tip of the cutting arm 50. The seedling A is rotated in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 8 (direction of cutting down) to cut the stem on the root side of the scion seedling A at a predetermined position so that the cut surface is oblique. A rear stay (receiving member) 52 is provided to support the stem portion of the scion seedling A from the back when the scion seedling A is cut.

In addition, the rootstock seedling cutting device 48 has a cutting blade 55 like a razor blade removably provided at the tip of a cutting arm 54 attached to the rotating shaft of a motor 53. Rotate the rootstock seedling B in the direction of the arrow in Figure 10 (rounding up direction), and place one of the cotyledon development parts on the apical bud side of the rootstock seedling B and the growing point at a predetermined position so that the cut surface is diagonal. It's starting to disconnect. For crops that take root without leaving leaves on the rootstock, the stem of rootstock B may be cut at a predetermined position so that the cut surface is oblique. A rear stay (receiving member) that supports the stem of the rootstock seedling B from the back when the rootstock seedling B is cut.
56 and the cutting arm 54 includes:
A roller 57 is supported that suppresses the petiole.

Then, the scion processing section 2 and the rootstock processing section 3 rotate in directions facing each other, and first, the respective scion grippers 18 and rootstock grippers 27 are used to control the scion seedling supply section 6 and the rootstock seedling supply section. 7, the scion gripper 18 and the rootstock gripper 27 are opened and closed to sandwich the scion seedling A and the rootstock seedling B, and then the scion When the scion seedlings A and the rootstock seedlings B held between the gripper 18 and the rootstock gripper 27 reach the scion seedling cutting device 47 and the rootstock seedling cutting device 48, the scion seedlings A and the rootstock seedlings B are cut, respectively. The scion A and rootstock B were cut at the height of
are stopped with their cut surfaces facing each other and approaching or joining, and a bonding part 4, a seedling gripping body supplying part, and a seedling discharging part 5 are provided corresponding to the joining position of the seedlings.

The seedling gripping body supply section and the seedling discharging section 5 include a fourth
As shown in the figure and FIG. 5, a disc-shaped clip supply section 59 is provided on the output shaft of the motor 58, and this clip supply section 59 accommodates clips 60 at regular intervals in the circumferential direction on its outer periphery. It has a large number of clip accommodating holes 61, 61, . . . , and the clip 60 is accommodated by inserting its opening/closing knob 60a into each of these clip accommodating holes 61, 61, . A plurality of sets of the clip supply sections 59 are prepared in the same way as the scion supply section 6 and the rootstock supply section 7, and the work can be carried out efficiently if the clips 60 are set in advance and replaced.

At a position corresponding to the joining position of the seedlings A and B, the clip 60 set in the clip supply section 59 is pushed out to the joining position of the seedlings A and B, gripped, and glued (adhesive part 4) to form a grafted seedling. cylinder 62
is provided on the main body side, and the push rod 62a is made to expand and contract. This push rod 6
A clip guide 63 is provided on the extensible end side of the clip 2a, and the clip guide 63 changes the clip 60, which has been pushed by the push rod 62a and slipped out of the clip accommodation hole 61, from the closed state to the open state by the push of the push rod 62a. ,
Furthermore, it has a guide part 64 that pinches the joining position of the seedlings A and B (adhesive part 4) when they are pressed and closed to form a grafted seedling, and this clip guide 63 is fixed to the main body side. supported so as to be slidable within a predetermined range in the front and back direction relative to the guide 65,
The push rod 62a is normally held by the return spring 66.
It is held to the side. Further, a seedling guide groove 67 is formed at the tip of the bottom plate of the clip guide 63, and when the clip guide 63 moves due to the extension of the push rod 62a, it guides the joined seedlings A and B into the seedling guide groove 67. As described above, the joint portions of the seedlings A and B are held together by the clips 60 to form a grafted seedling. The grafted seedlings thus formed are discharged by a grafted seedling discharge rod 68 shown in FIG.

In the other embodiment of the clip supply section and the seedling discharge section 5 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, both the opening and closing knobs 60a of the clip 60 are accommodated in the clip supply section 69 with the clip 60 in an open state. A clip accommodating hole 70 is provided, and the clip guide in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is omitted.
By pushing out the seedlings with two push rods 62a, the joined portions of the seedlings A and B are held between the clips 60 and a grafted seedling is formed.

Although not shown, each of the stepping motors, cylinders (push rods), etc. mentioned above are electrically connected and controlled so that they operate synchronously, and furthermore, their respective operations continue automatically in sequence. It is equipped with a control device that can be adjusted as desired. Additionally, this control device is equipped with various sensors to enable automatic management.

In the grafting device having such a configuration, the scion supply section 6 of the seedling supply section 1 is loaded with the scion seedling A, the rootstock supply section 7 is loaded with the rootstock seedling B, and the clip supply section 59 or 69 is loaded with the scion seedling A. The device is operated with the clip 60 loaded. In the scion supply section 6 and the rootstock supply section 7, the disk section 8 is click-rotated in the direction of the arrow at the loading interval of the seedlings A and B, and the scion processing section 2 and the rootstock processing section are click-rotated in 1/3 rotation increments. When the scion gripper 18 and the rootstock gripper 27 of No. 3 face each other, they hold the seedling and take over the seedling.

In the scion processing section 2 and the rootstock processing section 3, the scion conveying plate 16 and the rootstock conveying plate 26 are moved by 1/3 in the direction of the arrow.
By clicking each rotation, the seedling held between the scion gripper 18 and the rootstock gripper 27 is cut by the cutting blades 51 and 55 at positions corresponding to the scion cutting device 47 and the rootstock cutting device 48, and the adhesive part 4 Then, the cutting parts of the seedlings A and B stop facing each other at the positions of the clip supply section and the seedling discharge section 5, and the opposing positions are held between the clips 60 and the cut surfaces are adhered to form a grafted seedling and are released. Ru. Although not shown, a seedling storage box (pot) is provided at the position where the grafted seedlings are released to accommodate the grafted seedlings.

The operations of the main parts in the grafted seedling manufacturing process will be explained in more detail.

In the scion processing section 2 and the rootstock processing section 3,
Immediately before the scion gripper 18 and the rootstock gripper 27 face the scion seedlings A and rootstock seedlings B supported by the scion supply section 6 and the rootstock supply section 7, they hold the seedlings while opening with the push rods of the cylinders. However, at this time, FIGS. 12, 13, and 14
In the embodiments shown in Figures and Figure 15, the outside of the gripper (upper gripper) opens slightly wider than the inside (lower gripper), so even if the hypocotyl of a seedling has a bend, for example, the gripping position shift can be prevented. It can be prevented. In addition, the scion gripper 18 and the rootstock gripper 27 are held at the position of the adhesive part 4 by the clips 60 at opposite positions where the seedlings A and B are cut, the cut surfaces are glued, and then opened to discharge the grafted seedlings. .

The scion cutting device 47 and the rootstock cutting device 48 cut the scion A and the rootstock B at one time, and are equipped with rear stays and rollers, so the cutting height is constant and the cutting height is constant. The cutting surface of the tree is arcuate, allowing one side of the cotyledons and the growth point to be reliably removed in one step, improving the adaptability of the seedling to bending.

In the clip supply section and the seedling discharge section 5,
By simply pushing out the clips housed in the clip supply section with the push rod of the cylinder, the seedlings can be glued together at positions opposite to the cut surfaces of the seedlings.

[Effect of idea]

As explained above, according to the seedling cutting device for grafting of the present invention, the scion seedling and rootstock seedling are cut at once, the cutting position is constant, and the cut surfaces of both seedlings are well joined. be exposed. There is no need to cut the scion seedlings twice as in the past. The cutting surface of the rootstock is arc-shaped, allowing the growing point to be cut off reliably.
In addition, the rear stay allows the scion seedlings and rootstock seedlings to be cut at suitable positions, and the cutting operation can be performed stably, improving adaptability to bending of the seedlings.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the scion processing section and rootstock processing section, Fig. 3 is a partial side view of the scion processing section and rootstock processing section, and Fig. 4 is a partial side view of the clip supply section and seedling discharge section. , FIG. 5 is a plan view thereof, FIG. 6 is a partial side view showing another embodiment of the clip supply section and seedling discharge section, FIG. 7 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 8 is a portion of the scion seedling cutting device. 9 is a plan view of the same, FIG. 10 is a partial side view of the rootstock seedling cutting device, FIG. 11 is a plan view thereof, FIG. 12 is a partial plan view of the rootstock gripper, and FIG. 13 is its partial side view. Fig. 14 is a partial plan view showing the second embodiment of the rootstock gripper, Fig. 15 is a partial plan view showing the action, and Fig. 16 is a partial plan view showing the third embodiment of the rootstock gripper. , FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of its operation. 1... Seedling supply section, 2... Scion processing section, 3... Rootstock processing section, 4... Adhesive section, 5... Seedling gripping body supply section and seedling discharge section, 6... Supply for scion seedlings Part 7...
Rootstock seedling supply section, 8... Disc part, 9... Seedling support arm, 10... Seedling support opening, 11... Rotating shaft,
12... Fitting portion, 13... Fixed plate, 14... Bearing, 15... Rotating shaft, 16... Scion conveying plate, 17
... Motor, 18 ... Scion gripper, 19 ... Guide rail, 20 ... Gripper opening/closing roll, 2
1...Base, 22...Fixed shaft, 23...Guide fixing plate, 24...Guide rail, 25...Bearing,
26... Rootstock conveying plate, 27... Rootstock gripper, 2
8...Gear, 29...Motor, 30...Gear, 3
1... Gripper opening/closing roll, 32... Opening/closing guide, 33... Pin, 34... Cylinder, 35...
Stopper, 36...Return spring, 37...Lower gripper, 38...Upper gripper, 39...Pivot pin, 4
0...Opening/closing cam, 41...Pivot pin, 42...Return spring, 43...Stopper, 44...Link, 4
5... Cylinder, 46... Link, 47... Scion seedling cutting device, 48... Rootstock seedling cutting device, 49...
Motor, 50... Cutting arm, 51... Cutting blade,
52... Rear stay, 53... Motor, 54...
Cutting arm, 55... Cutting blade, 56... Rear stay, 57... Roller, 58... Motor, 59...
Clip supply section, 60...Clip, 61...Clip accommodation hole, 62...Cylinder, 63...Clip guide, 64...Guide section, 65...Guide, 66...Return spring, 67...Seedling guide groove , 68
... Grafted seedling discharge rod, 69 ... Clip cassette, 70 ... Clip accommodation hole, A ... Scion seedling, scion, B ... Rootstock seedling, rootstock.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] (1) A cutting device that cuts scion seedlings or rootstock seedlings for grafting while gripping them; Cut in a downward direction with a cutting blade provided so that the cut surface faces diagonally downward, and in the above rootstock seedling, cut the apical bud side from the gripping position in a cutting direction upward with a cutting blade provided on a rotating cutting arm. A seedling cutting device for grafting, characterized in that the cut surface faces diagonally upward. (2) The seedling cutting device for grafting according to claim 1, wherein when cutting the scion seedling or rootstock seedling, the back surface of the seedling is supported by a receiving member and the seedling is cut at a predetermined position. (3) When cutting the rootstock seedlings, the seedlings are held down by a seedling holding member provided on the cutting arm, and the growing point is also removed along with one of the cotyledons using the cutting blade provided on the cutting arm. The grafting seedling cutting device according to claim 1 or 2.