JP2518023Y2 - Seedling cutting surface joining mechanism in grafting equipment - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial field of application] The present invention manufactures grafted seedlings by cutting the scion and the rootstock from predetermined positions, joining the cut surfaces and fixing them with a seedling holding body. The present invention relates to a grafting device, and more particularly to a seedling cutting surface joining mechanism in which both cutting surfaces are joined in advance before being fixed by a seedling holding body.

[Conventional technology]

In recent years, most of the fruit and vegetable seedlings cultivated in facilities such as a glass room and a greenhouse are grafted seedlings. The grafting work for making the grafted seedlings is performed manually by using a part of auxiliary equipment. In view of such a current situation, the applicant of the present application has cut the spikes and the rootstock at predetermined positions in the process of gripping and feeding the supplied spikes and rootstocks separately in the vertical direction, and cuts each cut surface. An apparatus has been proposed in which grafted seedlings are automatically produced by joining the seedlings and fixing the joining position with a gripping body.

[Problems to be solved by the device]

By the way, as a result of a test using a prototype of the grafted seedling production apparatus, the following problems with the rootstock were detected.

. When the cutting surfaces of the scion and the rootstock are faced to each other, the seedlings come into contact with each other and the cutting surfaces are difficult to match.

. Further, when the hypocotyl is bent, the cut surfaces are too far apart or the hypocotyls interfere with each other depending on the bending direction.

. Furthermore, the residual leaves (one of the cotyledons) of the rootstock tend to hang down, and the cut surface often separates more than necessary.

The present invention is intended to solve the above problems.

[Means for solving the problem]

Grafting machine and a rootstock are gripped separately in the longitudinal direction, each is cut diagonally at a predetermined position, each cutting surface is joined and fixed by a seedling gripping body, and a grafting device for producing grafted seedlings In the above, after cutting and carrying the cuttings of the scion and rootstock cut diagonally so that the cutting surface becomes one surface, both seedlings should be Pressing from the opposite side and moving both cutting surfaces toward each other, bring the cutting surfaces closer so that the fixed part of the seedling is narrower than the seedling gripping width of the seedling holding body, and then join the both cutting surfaces. It is characterized in that a cutting surface joining mechanism is provided.

[Action]

With the above configuration, when the cutting surfaces of the scion and the rootstock are joined, the cutting surfaces are brought closer to each other by the cutting surface joining mechanism and fixed by the seedling gripping body, so that the cutting surfaces of the scion and the rootstock are surely secured. To be joined.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of the entire grafting apparatus, where reference numeral 1 is a seedling supply section, 2 is a scion processing section, 3 is a rootstock processing section, 4 is a seedling joining section, 5 is a seedling gripping body (clip) supply Part 6 is seedling adhesion
The discharge section and 7 are grafted seedling transport sections, respectively.

The seedling supply unit 1 supports a pair of a scion seedling cassette 8 and a rootstock seedling cassette 9 so as to rotate in a direction of an arrow at a predetermined interval. The cassettes 8 and 9 are substantially the same in configuration, and one of them (cassette 8 for scion seedlings) will be described, and the other (cassette 9 for rootstock seedlings) will be described by assigning the same reference numerals to common parts. Omit it. Hooki seedling cassette 8
Are arranged on the outer periphery of the disc portion 10 at a predetermined interval with a large number (20 in the drawing) of seedling support arms 11, and seedling support holes 12 are provided at the tip of each seedling support arm 11. ing.
Then, the scion seedling A and the rootstock seedling B are supported in the seedling support holes 12, 12 ,. Seedling support arm 11,1
Although not shown below 1 ..., when the seedlings A or B supported by the seedling support holes 12 are rotated by the rotation of the disk portion 10, the inertia causes the seedlings to sway or fall from the seedling support holes 12, An L-shaped sway preventer is provided to prevent delivery mistakes. Further, the scion seedling cassette 8 is configured to be attachable to and detachable from the rotary shaft 13 via a fitting portion 14.

And cassette 8 for scion seedlings (cassette 9 for rootstock seedlings)
Multiple sets are prepared and each seedling support hole is manually prepared in advance.
12, the scion seedling A or the rootstock seedling B is hung and supported so that the vicinity of the base of the petiole of the cotyledon serves as a support, and the cassette is replaced. As for the support direction of the seedlings with respect to the seedling support holes 12, in the scion seedling A, the cotyledon expansion direction is the rotational tangential direction, and in the rootstock seedling B, the cotyledon expansion direction is the rotation center direction, as shown in FIG. When supported so that they face each other, the grafted seedlings with the cuttings of the rootstock and the cut surface of the rootstock facing each other are adhered, and the cotyledon development direction of the rootstock intersects with the cotyledon development direction of the rootstock. It was predicted that it would have a favorable effect on the growth of the cotyledons, but it is possible to make grafted seedlings by changing the direction of the cotyledons, and there is no particular need to be particular about the direction of cotyledon development.

The rotary shaft 13 is adapted to rotate intermittently (or rotate synchronously) by a stepping motor (not shown), and the interval of the intermittent rotation is synchronized so as to be the mutual interval of the seedling support arms 11, 11. .

 The following description is for the case of intermittent rotation.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 and FIG. 7 to FIG. 14, the scion processing unit 2 and the rootstock processing unit 3 are scion seedlings supported in the seedling support holes 12 of the seedling supply unit 1 described above. A and rootstock seedlings B are taken over one by one, grasped and rotated, and the seedlings are cut at predetermined positions so that their cut surfaces are in contact with each other. Therefore, the scion processing unit 2 and the rootstock processing unit 3
Rotate so that the cut surfaces face each other (in the embodiment, the rotation directions of the scion processing unit 2 and the rootstock processing unit 3 are opposite, but it is not necessary to stick to this rotation direction). The gripping position (height) is made different so that the seedlings are not below the rootstock B, and the opening direction of the hand described below is in the opposite direction, and the cutting surface of the seedling is at the bottom of the scion A and at the top of the rootstock B. Since it has a similar configuration except that the cutting direction is changed so as to face it, the same names and reference numerals are used for the similar components and the detailed description is omitted.

The scion processing unit 2 (rootstock processing unit 3) is a circular fixed disk.
A rotary shaft 17 is rotatably supported in the tubular support portion 15a of the bearing 15 through bearings 16 and 16, and a seedling transport rotary disc 18 is fixed to an upper end portion of the rotary shaft 17 and a cup is attached to a lower end portion of the rotary shaft 17. The output shaft of the stepping motor 20 is connected via a ring 19. The seedling transfer turntable 18 has a projecting portion that divides a circle into three equal parts centering on the rotating shaft 17, and a fixed hand 21 and an L-shaped movable hand 22 are provided in pairs at the equally divided positions, respectively. 22 can be moved with respect to the fixed hand 21 by four guide rollers 23, and a spring locking piece 24 provided on the seedling transfer rotary disc 18
The return habit is given by the return spring 25 stretched between the and. On the other hand, on the outer peripheral portion of the fixed disk 15, arcuate cams 27 pivotally supported at one end by pins 26 are provided at two positions,
The other end of this cam 27 is a pin (air) provided on the fixed disk 15.
The cylinder 28 can be displaced between a position where the fixed disk 15 extends outward and a position where the fixed disk 15 extends inward. Then, the cam roller 29 provided on the movable hand 22 is brought into rolling contact with the cam 27, and the movable hand 22 is opened and closed with respect to the fixed hand 21, so that the scion A
(Rootstock seedling B) is grasped or released. In addition, urethane rubber 30 is attached to the seedling holding surfaces of the fixed hand 21 and the movable hand 22 that face each other.
The root axis of (root seedling B) is not damaged when it is held. In addition, above the seedling transfer turntable 18,
A disc-shaped protection plate 31 is provided.

The stepping motors 20 and 20 of the scion processing unit 2 and the rootstock processing unit 3 intermittently rotate by 1/3 rotation, respectively, and at each intermittent stop position, first, the seedling support holes 12 of the seedling supply unit 1 The scion seedling A and the rootstock seedling B supported by the hand are held by the hands 21 and 22, and then the scion seedling A and the rootstock seedling B held by the hands 21 and 22 are cut by the scion cutting device 32 and the rootstock. The cutting is performed from a predetermined position by the device 33, and at the seedling joint portion 4, the cuttings A are on the top and the roots B are on the bottom so that the cut surfaces face each other and approach each other.

The scion cutting device 32 is attached to the output shaft 34a of the stepping motor 34, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 9.
A cutting blade holder 36 is provided at the tip of a rotating arm 35 that rotates counterclockwise, and a cutting blade (safety razor in this embodiment) 37 is attached to this holder 36. As for this cutting blade 37, one piece is used half by half, that is, divided into four times. Further, the rotary arm 35 is provided with an embryo roll holder (roller in the embodiment) 38 which is located on the front side in the rotation direction of the cutting blade 37 and holds the hypocotyl of the scion seedling A. On the other hand, an air cylinder 39 is provided supported on the outer periphery of the fixed disk 15 and the tubular support portion 15a of the spike processing unit 2, and the piston of this air cylinder 39 has the piston of the spike 21 held by the hands 21, 22. Hypocotyl support that supports the hypocotyl of
40 are provided. A balancer is attached to the other end of the rotary arm 35.
41 are provided.

The rootstock cutting device 33 is attached to the output shaft 42a of the stepping motor 42 as shown in FIGS. 12 to 14,
Cutting blade holder at the tip of the rotating arm 43 that rotates clockwise
44 is provided, and a cutting blade 45 is attached to this holder 44. In addition, a cotyledon retainer (roller) 46 that is located on the front side in the rotational direction of the cutting blade 45 and presses the cotyledon portion of the rootstock seedling B on the rotary arm 43.
Is provided. On the other hand, the seedling transfer turntable 18 of the rootstock processing unit 3
A disc-shaped cotyledon portion posture restricting body 47 that supports the cotyledon portion of the rootstock seedling B held between the hands 21 and 22 is provided on the upper side of. The cotyledon portion posture restricting body 47 may also serve as the protective plate 31.

The gripping body (clip) supply unit 5 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIGS. 18 and 20 to 22, etc., the clips 48 are radially provided at equal intervals on the outer circumference of a clip supply disk 51 supported by a stepping motor 49 via a knob 50 so as to rotate in the vertical direction. The plurality of clip storage grooves 52, 52 ... (40 in this embodiment) are loaded by fitting one of the rear end portions thereof, and a plurality of supply disks 51 are prepared for replacement. ing.

The seedling adhering / discharging section 6 has an air cylinder 54 with a long stroke attached to the base side of the base 53, a piston rod 56 attached to its piston 55, and a support section 58 provided with the piston rod 56 at the rear end of the slide block 57. It is slidably supported on. A clip push-out portion 59 is fixed to the tip of the piston rod 56, and the clip push-out portion 59 has
A pointed cam 60 is attached to the upper side of the cam 60. A pair of beaks 61, 61 are rotatably supported at the tip end of the slide block 57 via shafts 62, 62, and rollers 63, 63 are provided at the base ends of the beaks 61, 61. And a return spring 64 is installed between the rollers 63, 63. Then, the slide block 57 is
The tip of the beak 61 can be moved from the position shown in Fig. And Fig. 22 to the left and right sides (see Fig. 17) of the facing position of the scion seedling A and the rootstock seedling B, and the guide of the clip 48 can be moved. Also serves as. A coil spring is provided around the piston rod 56.
65 is wound. Although not shown, the seedling joint portion 4
An air cylinder for discharging seedlings is provided in the lower part of.

The grafted seedling transfer unit 7 is composed of a belt conveyor, and a container for accommodating the grafted seedlings to be transferred is provided at the end of the transfer.

Stepping motor for seedling supply, stepping motors 20, 20 for conveying seedlings, pin cylinder 28 for holding seedlings, air cylinder 39 for supporting scion hypocotyl, stepping motor 49 for feeding clips, stepping for cutting seedlings Motor 34,4
2, the power unit such as the air cylinder 54 for clip hanging, the pin cylinder 28 for releasing seedlings, the air cylinder for discharging seedlings, etc., in this embodiment, all use a stepping motor for the rotating mechanism and all for the reciprocating mechanism. An air cylinder is used. The stepping motor driver employs a driver that can freely adjust the rotation angle and rotation speed. A programmable controller is used as a control unit for controlling each of these operations for sequence control, and a timing chart thereof is shown in FIG. The control modes are "manual mode" where each part can be driven independently, "1 stock grafting mode" in which only one stock is grafted and stopped, "20 stocks continuous grafting" is performed.
There are 3 modes of "stock grafting mode". In addition, an emergency switch is provided to stop all mechanisms in the event of an abnormality.

Next, the operation of the grafting device having the above configuration will be described.

First, the seedlings and clips are prepared, but the rootstock seedling cassette B is placed in the rootstock seedling cassette 9 so that the cotyledon seedling A is tangential to the earstock seedling A in the earstock seedling cassette 8. The cotyledon expansion part is suspended in the seedling support hole 12 so as to face the radial direction, and the fitting part 14 is set on the rotary shaft 13. The clip 48 is formed in the clip receiving groove 52 of the clip supply disk 51.
And set it with the knob 50. Then, the control mode of the control unit is selected and the power switch is turned on.

When the power switch is turned on, a stepping motor (not shown) for driving the rotary shaft 13, a stepping motor 20 for driving seedlings (driving the rotary shaft 17), a pin cylinder 28 for gripping and releasing seedlings, Air cylinder 39 for operating the scion hypocotyl support 40, stepping motor 4 for supplying clips
9. The seedling cutting stepping motors 34 and 42, the clip hanging air cylinder 54, and the seedling discharging air cylinder operate according to the timing chart of FIG. That is, first, the seedling transfer rotary discs 18 and 18 of the scion processing unit 2 and the rootstock processing unit 3.
Starts to rotate in the direction of the arrow, and then, after 0.15 seconds, the disks 10 and 10 of the seedling supply unit 1 rotate in the direction of the arrow, and the seedling transfer rotary plate 18
0.25 seconds after the start of rotation, the pin cylinder 28 expands to cause the cam 27 to project, and the movable hand 22 is moved via the cam roller 29 to open the gap with the fixed hand 21 to open the seedling support arm 11 The pin cylinder 28 is contracted with the hypocotyls of the seedlings A and B suspended in the seedling support hole 12 of the above, and the urethane rubber 3 of the fixed hand 21 and the movable hand 22 is contracted.
Hold between 0 and 30.

The seedlings A and B gripped by the hands 21 and 22 are the seedling transfer turntable 18
Is rotated to convey it to a position facing the scion cutting device 32 and the rootstock cutting device 33, and stops. Then, the rotation arms 35 and 43 are rotated by the rotation of the stepping motors 34 and 42, and the cutting blades 37 and 45 cut off the scion seedling A with the cutting surface facing obliquely downward, and the rootstock seedling B is the cotyledon. One of them and the growing point are cut with the cutting surface facing obliquely upward.

When the scion seedling A is cut, a hypocotyl holder 38 is provided on the front side in the rotation direction of the cutting blade 37, and a hypocotyl support body 40 that is moved by an air cylinder 39 is provided on the fixed disk 15 side. Therefore, when the hypocotyl is cut, it can be stably cut at a predetermined position, and even if the hypocotyl is bent, it can be cut at a fixed position. That is, the hypocotyl retainer 38 and the hypocotyl supporter
When there is no 40, as shown in FIG. 8, when the shaft is straight a, it is cut at point P, but when the shaft is bent like b and c, the cutting point is at the δ position. This may be avoided by the present invention, although it may be displaced or may not be cut or the cutting point may be shifted downward.

In the rootstock seedling B, as shown in FIG. 10 (a), shallow cutting where only one cotyledon is cut to leave a growing point,
The deep cutting shown in (c) and the neck cutting shown in (d) are both unfavorable, and it is desirable to cut one of the cotyledons and the growing point as shown in (b). Therefore, in the present invention, the cutting blade 45
Since the cotyledon presser 46 is provided on the front side in the rotation direction of the above, and the cotyledon portion attitude regulating body 47 is provided on the upper side of the seedling transport turntable 18, when the rootstock seedling B is cut, the cotyledons to be left as shown in FIG. Tilt,
It can be cut to almost a desired state.

The cutting seedling A and the rootstock seedling B cut in this way are positioned above and below each other in the seedling joint portion 4, as shown in FIG. In this example, the so-called single-leaf cutting and grafting method is mechanized. For example, in the case of split grafting shown in Fig. 15, the sprouts shown in (a) are deepened so that the cotyledons of the rootstock seedling B have both sides. When it hangs down, it cannot be clipped when it is mechanized, so that it can be mechanized by providing the cotyledon portion posture regulating body 47 as shown in (b). In addition, in the call-in process shown in FIG. 16, the hypocotyls of the scion seedling A and the rootstock seedling B were broken and could not be clipped as shown in (a), but as shown in (b), the scion seedling A was cut. By controlling the postures of the rootstock seedling B and the rootstock seedling B by the cotyledon portion posture regulator 47, mechanization becomes possible.

In the seedling gripping body (clip) supply section 5, the seedling transfer rotary disk is used.
The clip 48 loaded in the clip supply disk 51 is rotated by the rotation of the stepping motor 49 0.5 seconds after the rotation of 18 starts.
Are sequentially supplied to the slide guide 57 of the seedling adhering / discharging section 6.

In the seedling adhering / discharging part 6, the piston 55 of the air cylinder 54
However, 0.5 seconds after the rotation of the graft transfer turntable 18 starts to extend, the piston rod 56 is moved. Piston rod 56
The clip push-out portion 59 pushes out the clip 48 and pulls it out of the clip supply disk 51, and the coil spring 65 moves the slide block 57 forward to move the slide block.
When 57 stops moving due to the stopper, the clip 48 moves forward while opening along the slide block 57, and at the same time, the cam 60 returns the rollers 63 and 63 of the beaks 61 and 61 to the return spring 64.
Separated against the projectile of. This makes the beak 61,6
The tip of 1 comes close to the cutting surface of the scion seedling A and the rootstock seedling B.
As shown in Fig. 9 (a) and (b), bring the clips together and
Hold by and stick the cut surface.

The grafted seedlings that have been clipped are opened at the same time when the hands 21 and 22 are opened, and the seedling discharge air cylinder extends to push out and discharge the grafted seedlings and drop them. A belt conveyor of the grafted seedlings transporting unit 7 is provided at the dropping position of the grafted seedlings, and the grafted seedlings are transported and stored in the container.

Among these series of operations, the operations of gripping, cutting, feeding clips and adhering the seedlings are performed almost at the same time when the rotation of the seedling transport turntable 18 is stopped.

[Effect of device]

As explained above, according to the seedling cutting surface joining mechanism in the grafting device of the present invention, the cutting surfaces of the spike and rootstock cut diagonally so that the cutting surfaces become one surface are conveyed while facing each other. Then, before fixing with the seedling grasping body, press both seedlings from the opposite side of the cutting plane and move both cutting planes toward each other so that the fixing part of the seedling is narrower than the seedling grasping width of the seedling grasping body. Since a cutting surface joining mechanism that joins both cutting surfaces after bringing them into close contact with each other so that the cutting surface and rootstock cutting surface are one surface In the embodiment, the surfaces are brought closer to each other by the beak, and then both cutting surfaces are fixed by the seedling grasping body (clip).
The cut surfaces of the scion and the rootstock can be reliably joined and bonded. Therefore, a highly accurate grafted seedling can be manufactured.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of a spike processing unit, FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of a spike processing unit,
FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of the scion processing section and the root processing section, FIG.
1 is a partially enlarged plan view of FIG. 1, FIG. 6 is a timing chart of a power unit, FIG. 7 is a side view of a scion cutting device, and FIGS. 8 and 9 are operation explanatory diagrams of the scion cutting device. 10 (a) to (d) are explanatory views of the rootstock cutting device, and FIG. 11 (a).
~ (C) is an explanatory view of the seedling adhesion part, Fig. 12 is a plan view of the root cutting device, Fig. 13 is a side view of the same, Fig. 14 is a plan view of the seedling adhesion part, Fig. 15 (a), (B) and Fig. 16 (a), (b)
Is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of grafted seedlings, FIG. 17 is a plan view of a seedling gripping body (clip) supply section, FIG. 18 is a partial plan view of the same,
FIGS. 19 (a) and (b) are explanatory views of the clip hooking, FIGS. 20 (a), (b) and FIGS. 21 (a) and (b) are a partial plan view and a side view of the clip supply portion, FIG. 22 is a plan view centering on the clip supply section and grafted seedling transfer section. 1 ... Seedling supply section, 2 ... Graft processing section, 3 ... Root processing section, 4 ...
Seedling joining part, 5 ... Seedling gripping body (clip) supplying part, 6 ... Seedling adhering / discharging part, 7 ... Grafted seedling transporting part, 8 ... Casket seedling cassette, 9 ... Rootstock seedling cassette, 10 ... Disk part , 11 ... Seedling support arm, 12 ... Seedling support hole, 13 ... Rotating shaft, 14 ... Fitting part, 15 ... Fixed disc, 16 ... Bearing, 17 ... Rotating shaft, 18 ... Seedling transfer rotary disc,
19 ... Coupling, 20 ... Stepping motor, 21 ... Fixed hand, 22 ... Movable hand, 23 ... Guide roller, 24 ... Locking piece, 25 ... Spring, 26 ... Pin, 27 ... Cam, 28 ... Pin cylinder, 29 ... Cam roller, 30 ... Urethane rubber, 31 ... Protective board, 32 ... Hob cutting device, 33 ... Root cutting device, 34 ... Stepping motor, 35 ... Rotating arm, 36 ... Cutting blade holder, 37
… Cutting blade, 38… Hypocotyl retainer, 39… Air cylinder, 40… Hypocotyl support, 41… Balancer, 42… Stepping motor, 43
… Rotary arm, 44… Cutting blade holder, 45… Cutting blade, 46… Cotyledon pressing body, 47… Cotyledon position regulating body, 48… Clip, 49…
Stepping motor, 50 ... Knob, 51 ... Clip supply disk, 52 ... Clip receiving groove, 53 ... Base, 54 ... Air cylinder, 55 ... Piston, 56 ... Piston rod, 57 ... Slide block, 58 ... Support section, 59 ... Clip extruding part, 60 ... Cam, 61 ... beak, 62 ... axis, 63 ... roller, 64 ... return spring, 65 ... coil spring, A ... hodling seedling, B ... rootstock seedling.

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A grafted seedling is produced by gripping a scion and a rootstock separately in the longitudinal direction, cutting each at an angle at a predetermined position, joining the cut surfaces, and fixing them by a seedling gripping body. In the grafting device as described above, the cutting surfaces of the scion and rootstock cut diagonally so that the cutting surfaces become one surface are conveyed with the cutting surfaces facing each other, before being fixed by the seedling grasping body. Press the seedling from the opposite side of the cut surface and move both cut surfaces in the direction of approaching each other, and bring each cut surface closer so that the fixed part of the seedling is narrower than the seedling gripping width of the seedling gripping body, then, A seedling cutting surface joining mechanism in a grafting device, which is provided with a cutting surface joining mechanism for joining both cutting surfaces.