JP2950830B2 - Automatic grafting device - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an automatic grafting apparatus for grafting a scion to a rootstock.

[Conventional technology]

Grafting is performed by replacing a part of a plant (spike) with another plant (stock).
Is a method of obtaining a plant having desired properties, whereby it is possible to control tree vigor, promote flowering, increase the amount of results, improve quality, and the like, and have been widely used since ancient times.

An example of an automatic grafting apparatus for automatically performing the above grafting process is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 61-31038. In this automatic grafting apparatus, as shown in the above-mentioned known Fig. 18, the stem of the scion is cut into a wedge shape, a hole is made in the top of the stem of the stock, and the stem of the scion is attached to the top of the stock. To perform grafting processing.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

The above-mentioned automatic grafting device is configured to perform the grafting process by inserting the stem of the scion into the hole at the upper end of the rootstock, so that after the grafting process, the rootstock comes out of the automatic grafting device and separates. There is a risk that the scions will fall off the rootstock due to a shock or the like when being transferred to the above device.

However, in order to obtain a strong fixed state in a state where the stem of the scion is inserted into the hole of the stock, it is necessary to hold and push the stem of the scion strongly. Thus, the above technology is
In the case of scions with weak stalks, the stalks cannot be held strongly, so this technique was only applicable to plants with fairly hard stalks.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention provides an automatic grafting apparatus, in which a scion is unlikely to come off from a rootstock after grafting, and has good rooting performance as a graft, has a high work efficiency, and is restricted as an applicable plant. The purpose is to obtain an automatic grafting device with less.

[Means for solving the problem]

The feature of the automatic grafting device according to the present invention for achieving the above object lies in the following configuration.

Holding means for holding the rootstock and the scion so as to define a relative position; cutting means for cutting a portion corresponding to the joint between the stock and the scion held by the holding means into a predetermined shape; Means for joining each of the rootstock and the scion that have been joined to each other so that the parts corresponding to each other are in contact with each other, and supplying a fixed medium to the joint while maintaining the joint state of the stock and the scion after joining. And fixing means for fixing the joint portion of the stock and the scion with the fixing medium.

As described in claim 2, a mechanical fixed medium may be used as the fixed medium.

(Operation)

(I) In the automatic grafting device described in the above-mentioned Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 61-31038, the stem of the spike is inserted into the hole at the upper end of the stock to perform grafting. The scion is held on the stock by friction between the parts.

On the other hand, according to the feature of claim 1, after the scion is joined to the stock, the fixed medium is supplied to the joint of the stock and scion, and the joint of the stock and scion is fixed by the fixed medium. Is fixed.

In this way, by fixing the joint portion of the stock and the scion with a fixing medium different from the stock and the scion, the scion is attached to the stock by the friction between the stems at the insertion portion as described above. Compared with the holding structure, the scion can be firmly held on the stock by effectively using the fixing medium without giving a strong clamping action required for insertion to the stem of the scion.

(Ii) The stock and the scion are held by holding means so that their relative positions are defined both in cutting, joining after cutting, and fixing in the joined state. The processes from cutting to joining and fixing are performed continuously and while the position is defined.

In other words, the cutting process for forming the joint equivalent portion is performed with high accuracy as expected, the joint between the joint equivalent portions formed by cutting is accurately performed with high positional accuracy, and the joined rootstock is used. Is fixed by the fixing medium in a state where the relative posture between the head and the scion maintains the joint state with high accuracy.

As a result, it is possible to efficiently and accurately perform a grafting process that is difficult to perform manually, such as quickly and accurately joining formation layers of a rootstock and a scion, which is important in grafting. .

(Iii) According to the features of claim 2, similar to the case of claim 1, the “action” described in the above (i) and (ii) is provided,
In addition, it has the following “action”.

According to the feature of claim 2, after the scion is joined to the stock, a mechanical fixing medium (for example, a band or a tape) is attached to the joint of the stock and scion, and the mechanical fixing is performed. The joint between the stock and the scion is fixed by the medium.

By using such a mechanical fixed medium,
When the fixing medium is attached to the joint of the stock and the scion, the fixing medium exerts a function of fixing the joint of the stock and the scion from the moment of attachment. Therefore, there is no possibility that the scion comes off from the stock after the fixing medium is attached to the joint between the stock and the scion until the fixing medium fully exerts the fixing function. Also, if it is a mechanical fixed medium,
It is also easy to remove the fixing medium from the joint of the stock and the scion and reuse it.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the feature of claim 1, since the rootstock and the scion are fixed with a fixing medium different from the rootstock and the scion, the scion can be firmly held by the rootstock, It was possible to reduce the condition that the scion comes off from the stock after grafting.

Moreover, instead of holding the scion to the stock by friction in the inserted state of the stems, the joint of the stock and scion is fixed by a fixing medium different from the stock and scion, There is no need to provide the stalk of the scion with the strong clamping action required for insertion. Therefore, it can be effectively used for grafting of plants with soft stems, and is excellent in that there are few restrictions on applicable plants.

In addition, each process from cutting and joining of the stock and scion is performed in a state where the positions of the stock and scion are defined, and the stock and scion are joined to each other. Accurate grafting treatment, such as joining between formation layers at considerable locations, can be performed efficiently.

In this way, the processing from the cutting processing to the joining is performed quickly and accurately, and the joining state is firmly maintained, so that only the advantage of improving the grafting efficiency using the automatic grafting device is achieved. However, it is also useful in that the survival rate of grafts can be improved.

In addition, the rootstock and the scion are held so as to define the relative positions of the rootstock and the scion, and the joints are cut and the joints are joined and fixed in a state where the joints face each other. In the case where the joined graft is commercialized, it is possible to provide a uniform and high commercial value graft in a state where there is little unevenness in quality.

By using a mechanical fixing medium as in the feature of claim 2, in addition to the same effect as in claim 1, when the fixing medium is attached to the joint of the stock and the scion, it is attached. Since the function of fixing the joint of the stock and the scion to the fixing medium can be exerted from the moment when the scavenging medium is reached, the state in which the scion detaches from the stock can be further reduced.
Thereby, the survival rate of the automatic grafting device can be further improved.

When it is a mechanical fixed medium like the feature of claim 2,
Since the fixing medium can be easily removed from the joint of the stock and the scion and reused, it is also advantageous in terms of reducing production costs.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings showing the embodiments.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a joining means (6) for holding and joining the rootstock (A) and the scion (B) individually is provided, and is cultivated and mounted in a flowerpot (11). The tip of the stock (A) (the tip of the stock (A) is roughly cut off as necessary) placed sideways on the table (12) via a spring (61a) so as not to damage it. Rootstock holding means (61) for elastically holding the seedlings (B) sowed and germinated,
The joining means (6) is composed of the scion holding means (62) for elastically holding the spring through a spring (62a) so as not to be damaged.

Screw shaft (1) connected to the output shaft (13a) of the motor (13)
A moving table (82) that reciprocates in a direction approaching and moving away from the mounting table (12) in accordance with the rotation in both the forward and reverse directions of 4) is provided. Are rotated by 90 ° by a rotation motor (81) mounted together with the first posture (the posture indicated by the solid line in FIG. 1), the second posture (the posture indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 1), and the second posture. A three-way arm (15) is provided in three postures (postures shown in FIG. 2), and a front arm (15a) constituting a part of the three-way arm (15) is attached to a front end of the first arm (15a). Holding means (62) is provided.

Describing the first, second, and third postures in detail, the first posture is a posture in which the first arm (15a) is farthest from the rootstock (A), and the third posture is the first arm (15a). ) Is a posture that makes a 180 ° turn from the first posture and becomes the position closest to the stock (A). The second posture is the first posture arm (15
a) is a position that is an intermediate position between the first and second positions.

The remaining second arm (15b) of the three-way arm (15) extends in a direction substantially orthogonal to the first arm (15a),
The first posture is the upward posture. Three-way arm (15)
The remaining third arm (15c) extends on the opposite side of the first arm (15a), and is located closest to the stock (A) in the first posture. The proximity sensor (17) is attached to the tip of the third arm (15c), and the proximity sensor (1
The tip of the stock (A) is sensed by 7).

While holding the stock (A) and the scion (B) with the joining means (6), cutting means (7) for cutting each of the joints of the stock (A) and the scion (B) into a predetermined joint shape. ) Is provided, and a support member (71a) extended from the movable base (82)
The cam means (71b) supported by the flowerpot (11)
Is moved to a mounting table (12) side (hereinafter, referred to as a stock (A) side) that supports the pair of blades. B) A cam roller type cutter (71) that cuts the portion corresponding to the joint into a predetermined joint shape, and is rotatably mounted on the tip of the second arm (15b) of the three-way arm (15), and is rotated. By rotating the three-way arm (15) from the first posture to the second posture, a portion corresponding to the joint of the stock (A) held by the stock holding means (61) is cut into a predetermined joint shape. Cutting means (7) from a rotary cutting type rootstock cutter (72)
Is configured.

From the center of rotation of the three-way arm (15) to the scion holding means (62)
The distance from the turning center of the three-way arm (15) to the cutting edge farthest position of the stock cutter (72) is more constant than the distance from the center of rotation of the three-way arm (15). It is shortened by the distance (α) (see FIG. 1).

A position for aligning the positions of the joints corresponding to the stock (A) and the scion (B) cut into a predetermined joint shape while holding the stock (A) and the scion (B) by the joining means (6). An aligning means (8) is provided, and the positioning means (8) is mainly composed of a turning motor (81) and a moving table (82).

Fixing means (9) is provided for fixing the joint of the stock (A) and the scion (B) whose positions corresponding to the joining have been adjusted by the positioning means (8), and the fixing means (9) is a movable table. (8
2) Fixing device (91) that feeds out a fixed medium such as a band or tape and fixes the joint with the fixed medium
It is composed of

When the grafting process of the scion (B) to the stock (A) is performed by the above structure, first, the flowerpot (11) of the mounting table (12) is placed, and the stock (A) is attached to the stock holding means ( 61), and with the three-way arm (15) in the first posture shown in FIG. 1, the tip of the first arm (15a) is supplied with the scion (B) and the scion (B) Is held by the scion holding means (62).

Next, with the three-way arm (15) in the first posture, the movable table (82) is moved toward the stock (A), and the proximity sensor (1) is moved.
Until 7) detects the tip of the stock (A), the scion cutter (71) cuts a portion corresponding to the joint of the scion (B). Then, the moving table (82) is further moved to the stock (A) side, and when the proximity sensor (17) detects the tip of the stock (A), the movement of the moving table (82) is stopped, and Start the rotation of the cutter (72), and while maintaining that state, rotate the three-way arm (15).
Rootstock (A) by turning 90 degrees to the second position
Is cut into a predetermined joint shape.

When a portion corresponding to the joint of the stock (A) is cut into a predetermined joint shape, the three-way arm (15) is further turned by 90 ° while stopping the rotation of the stock cutter (72). At this point the second
As shown in the figure, the joint portion of the stock (A) and the joint portion of the scion (B) face each other with a certain distance (α) therebetween, so that the screw shaft (14) is rotated. Thereby, the movable table (82) is moved toward the rootstock (A) by a certain distance (α), and the joint corresponding to the rootstock (A) and the hogi (B) are moved.
And the position corresponding to the joint corresponding to. A stopper (82a) is provided at a predetermined position of the moving table (82) to more reliably move the moving table (82) by a certain distance (α), and the stopper (82a) is joined to the fixed portion. By doing so, it is preferable to forcibly position the movable table (82).

Next, the joint is fixed to the joint of the rootstock (A) and the scion (B) that have been aligned using a fixing medium fed out from the fixing device (91). After the fixing of the joint between the stock (A) and the scion (B) is completed in this way, the scion (B) is released from being held by the scion holding means (62), and the moving stand (82) Is returned to its original position, after which the three-way arm (15) is turned 180 ° in the opposite direction to return to the first power. The holding by the rootstock holding means (61) is released and the rootstock (A) with the scion (B) grafted is removed together with the flowerpot (11).

(Another embodiment)

(A) In the above embodiment, the stock (A) and the scion (B) are configured to be held at one place, but the stock (A) and the scion (B) are held at two places. In this case, the stock (A) and the scion (B) that have grown in the oblique direction can be straightened, and the position of the part corresponding to the joining can be more reliably aligned.

(B) In the above-described embodiment, the distance from the turning center of the three-way arm (15) to the cutting edge farthest position from the stock cutter (72) is determined by the distance from the turning center of the three-way arm (15) to the scion holding means (62). If the distance to the tip of the cutting portion of the cut scion (B) held and cut in step ()) is matched with the stock cutter (72),
By turning the three-way arm (15) 90 ° from the state in which the stock (A) is cut (second posture) at the position, the joint equivalent part of the stock (A) and the joint equivalent part of the scion (B) are obtained. Is performed.

(C) In the above-described embodiment, after the three-way arm (15) is turned by 180 °, the three-way arm (15) is reversed to return to the original first posture.゜ It is also possible to turn to return to the original first posture.

(D) As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 as an embodiment different from the above-described embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG.
An embodiment in which 1) is translated in an intermittent feed mode using an automatic transfer device (20) is conceivable.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, a flower pot (11) having the rootstock (A) cured is carried in, and the rootstock (A) is held in rootstock holding means (6).
1 '), the mounting position (S1) and the flower pot (1
After the 1) is translated, the rootstock cutting position (S2) for cutting the portion corresponding to the rootstock (A) into a predetermined bonding shape by the rootstock cutter (72 '), and the flowerpot (11) are further translated. Then, while holding the scion (B) with the scion holding means (62 ') to supply the scion (B) to the stock (A), A scion holding position (S3) for cutting into a specified joint shape using a scion cutter (71 ')
Is provided.

For the rootstock (A) where the part equivalent to the joint was cut, 18
Using the swivel arm (21) that swivels 0 °, 180
上 After turning, move the turning arm (21) in parallel,
Fixing device (91 ') at the joint of rootstock (A) and scion (B)
The fixed medium is fed out of the fixed medium, and a fixed position (S4) for fixing the joint of the stock (A) and the scion (B) with the fixed medium, the scion (B) is grafted in the aligned state. A removal position (S5) for taking out the rootstock (A) together with the flowerpot (11) is provided.

The stock cutter (72 ') is mounted on the tilting base (22) together with the revolving arm (21) and the hogi cutter (71'), and the rotary blade is provided along the slope of the tilting base (22). By moving parallel to approach the stock (A) side, the stock (A)
And cut the portion corresponding to the joint. The information on the parallel movement distance of the rotary blade at the time of cutting is used when the scion (B) is aligned with the stock (A) at the alignment fixed position (S4).

In this case, in the alignment fixed position (S4), while holding the cut scion (B) with the scion cutter (71 '), the turning arm (21) has been turned downward by 180 ° while holding the cut scion (B). Then, it moves parallel to the stock (A) side along the inclined surface of the inclined base (22), and the position corresponding to the joint between the stock (A) and the scion (B) is aligned. The translation amount is set based on the information described above.

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the structure shown in the attached drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an automatic grafting device according to the present invention,
The figure is a side view showing a state in which the three-way arm is in a first position, FIG. 2 is a side view showing a state in which the three-way arm is in a third position,
FIG. 3 is a front view of an automatic grafting device according to another embodiment, and FIG.
The figure is a longitudinal side view as seen from the direction of aa in FIG. (6) ... joining means (7) ... cutting means (9) ...
Fixing means, (A) ... stock, (B) ... hogi.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A holding means for holding a relative position between a stock (A) and a scion (B), and a stock (A) and a scion (B) held by the holding means.
Cutting means (7) for cutting a portion corresponding to the joint with the wire into a predetermined shape
Joining means (6) for joining each of the cut rootstock (A) and the cutwood (B) so that the portions corresponding to the joining come into contact with each other.
A fixed medium is supplied to the joint while maintaining the joined state of the rootstock (A) and the scion (B) after joining, and the rootstock (A) and the scion (B) are supplied by the fixed medium. An automatic grafting device comprising: fixing means (9) for fixing the joint of (1). 2. The automatic grafting device according to claim 1, wherein said fixed medium is a mechanical fixed medium.