JP2880469B2 - Automatic grafting device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic grafting apparatus for grafting a scion to a stock.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Grafting is a method in which a part of a plant (spike) is joined to another plant (stock) to obtain a plant having desired properties, thereby regulating the vigor and promoting flowering. As a result, it is possible to increase the amount of results and improve the quality. An example of an automatic grafting apparatus that automatically performs the grafting process as described above is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 61-31038. In this automatic grafting apparatus, as shown in FIG. 18 of the above publication, the stem of the scion is cut into a wedge shape, a hole is formed in the upper end surface of the stem of the stock, and the stem of the scion is replaced with the stem of the stock. The hole on the upper end face of the section is configured to be grafted.

[0003]

As described above, when a hole is made in the upper end surface of a rootstock of a rootstock, the diameter of this hole is smaller than the diameter of the rootstock of the rootstock, and the hole itself is very small. In the automatic grafting device described above, the stem of the scion is joined to a small hole in the upper end surface of the stem of the rootstock. On the other hand, the stem of the rootstock and the stem of the scion are often in a state in which the orientation is uneven and soft and easily change the direction. It is often difficult to join the stems of the rootstock and the stem of the scion. Further, in a rootstock that may be called a small seedling, it is actually difficult to make a small hole in a very narrow area called an upper end face of a thin stem portion of the rootstock.

[0004] In the above-mentioned automatic grafting device, when drilling a hole in the upper end surface of the stem of a rootstock, all the roots of the rootstock remain, so that the rootstock of the rootstock grows after the grafting process. In some cases, the growth of the cotyledon of the rootstock may hinder the growth of the scion. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic grafting apparatus so that the growth of a stock of a rootstock is not hindered by the growth of cotyledons so that a rootstock and a scion can be successfully joined.

[0005]

[1]

Rootstock cutting means for cutting the joints corresponding to the rootstock into a predetermined joint shape, scion cutting means for cutting the joints corresponding to the scions into the predetermined joint shape, and joints for the rootstock cut into the predetermined joint shape There is provided a joining means for joining a portion and a portion corresponding to the joining of the scion cut into a predetermined joining shape to each other.

[2] Rootstock cutting means for cutting a portion corresponding to a rootstock whose tip side is roughly resected into a predetermined connection shape, and scion cutting means for cutting a connection portion corresponding to a scion to a predetermined connection shape, There is provided joining means for joining a joint equivalent portion of the stock cut into the predetermined joint shape and a joint equivalent portion of the scion cut into the predetermined joint shape to each other.

[0007]

[Action]

[I] As in the automatic grafting device described in the above-mentioned Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 61-31038, when a hole is formed in the upper end surface of the stem of a rootstock, a portion to which the stem of a scion can be joined. Is only a small part called the hole mentioned above. On the other hand, according to the features of the first aspect, the joints corresponding to the rootstock are cut into a predetermined joint shape, and the joints corresponding to the rootstock cut into the predetermined joint shape and the joints corresponding to the scions. Joined. In this case, by cutting diagonally the joint equivalent to the rootstock,
The part that can be joined at the part corresponding to the joint of the scion can be made larger than the small part called the hole. As a result, the joint between the stock and the scion is not affected without being affected by the condition of the stem of the stock and the stalk of the scion, which tend to change direction and are soft and easy to change. Without fail.

[0008] In the case of a configuration in which a portion corresponding to a rootstock is cut into a predetermined bonding shape as in the characteristic of the first aspect, an object to be cut is a very narrow area called an upper end face of a root portion of the rootstock. Rather, a relatively wide range, that is, the entire stem of the rootstock (the part corresponding to the joint) is to be cut. As a result, the portion corresponding to the rootstock can be reliably cut into a predetermined bonding shape without being affected by the condition of the root portion of the rootstock, which is likely to be uneven and soft and easily change direction. can do.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, when cutting a part corresponding to a rootstock into a predetermined bonding shape, a part (or all) of the rootstock is cut off. Since it is less likely that the cotyledon grows, there is no situation in which the growth of the stock of the rootstock hinders the growth of the scion.

[II] In the feature of claim 1, in addition to the stock cutting means, there is also provided a scion cutting means for cutting a portion corresponding to the joint of the scion into a predetermined joint shape. The corresponding portion can be set to a predetermined joining shape that is easily joined to each other. Thereby, joining of a stock and a scion becomes reliable.

According to the first feature of the present invention, the stock cutting means and the scion cutting means are separately provided. With this, it is possible to simultaneously cut the portion corresponding to the rootstock with the predetermined joint shape and the portion corresponding to the joint of the scion with the predetermined joint shape at the same time. The time can be reduced as compared with a configuration in which cutting is performed at a predetermined joining shape at a portion corresponding to joining, and then cutting is performed at a predetermined joining shape at a portion corresponding to joining a scion.

[III] According to the feature of the second aspect, similar to the case of the first aspect, the “action” described in the above [I] and [II] is provided, and in addition, the following “action” is provided. "Is provided. According to the feature of the second aspect, a portion corresponding to the joint of the rootstock whose distal end side is roughly cut is cut into a predetermined joint shape. If the root end of the rootstock (cotyledon, etc.) has been roughly cut in advance in this way, when cutting the portion corresponding to the rootstock into a predetermined bonding shape by the rootstock cutting means, the root end of the rootstock (cotyledon, etc.) ) Does not interfere with the stock cutting means.

[0013]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the portion corresponding to the joint of the scion can be joined by cutting the portion corresponding to the rootstock into a predetermined joint shape and performing the grafting process. The portion can be made large, and the object of cutting can be a relatively wide range of the entire stem portion of the rootstock (corresponding to the joint). Thereby, the predetermined joint shape of the joint equivalent to the rootstock can be obtained without being affected by the condition of the stem portion of the rootstock and the stem portion of the scion that is soft and easily changed in direction. Cutting and joining of the stock and the scion can be performed without any trouble, and the failure rate of the grafting process in the automatic grafting device can be suppressed. According to the feature of claim 1, when cutting a part corresponding to a rootstock into a predetermined bonding shape, it can be configured to cut off the rootstock cotyledon (part or all), so that the rootstock cotyledon can be cut off. It was possible to prevent a situation in which the growth of the scion is hindered by the growth, and it was possible to improve the survival rate of the automatic grafting device.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, by providing the stock cutting means and the scion cutting means, it is possible to set a portion corresponding to the joint of the stock and the scion to a predetermined joining shape which can be easily joined to each other. As a result, the joining between the stock and the scion can be ensured, so that the survival rate of the automatic grafting device can be further improved. By cutting the joint corresponding to the rootstock with the predetermined joint shape and the joint equivalent to the scion with the predetermined joint shape at the same time, waste of time can be saved and time can be reduced. The work efficiency of the automatic grafting device could be improved.

According to the features of the second aspect, similar to the first aspect, the present invention has the above-mentioned "effects of the invention" of the first aspect, and additionally has the following "effects of the invention". . As in the feature of the second aspect, in a state in which the leading end side (cotyledons and the like) of the rootstock is roughly cut in advance, a portion corresponding to the rootstock is cut into a predetermined bonding shape, whereby the rootstock is cut. The rootstock cutting means can accurately cut the portion corresponding to the rootstock into a predetermined bonding shape without being disturbed by the tip side (cotyledons and the like) of the rootstock. As a result, the rootstock and the scion can be joined with high precision, and the survival rate of the automatic grafting device can be further improved.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings showing embodiments thereof. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a joining means 6 for holding and joining a stock A and a scion B individually is provided, and a stock that is cultivated in a flower pot 11 and is arranged horizontally on a mounting table 12. A (a tip of the stock A is roughly cut off as necessary) to prevent the tip of the stock A from being damaged.
The rootstock holding means 61 for elastically holding the seedlings 1a via the springs 62a and the scionholding means 62 for elastically holding the seedlings B sowed and germinated via the springs 62a so as not to be damaged. Means 6 are constituted.

A moving table 82 is provided which reciprocates in a direction approaching and moving away from the mounting table 12 in response to rotation of the screw shaft 14 connected to the output shaft 13a of the motor 13 in both forward and reverse directions.
By a turning motor 81 mounted on a moving table 82 together with a fixing device 91 and the like described later, the turning unit 81 turns 90 ° at a time, and a first posture (a posture indicated by a solid line in FIG. 1) and a second posture (a two-dot chain line in FIG. 1). 3), and a three-way arm 15 which takes three postures (a posture shown in FIG. 2) and a first arm 15 a constituting a part of the three-way arm 15. Means 62 are provided.

The first, second, and third postures will be specifically described. The first posture is a posture in which the first arm 15a is located farthest from the rootstock A, and the third posture is a first arm 15a.
Is a posture that turns 180 ° from the first posture and becomes a position closest to the rootstock A. The second posture is a posture in which the first arm 15a is located at an intermediate position between the first and second postures.

The remaining second arm 15b of the three-way arm 15
Is extended in a direction substantially perpendicular to the first arm 15a, and assumes an upward posture in the first posture. Three-way arm 1
The remaining third arm 15c of 5 extends on the opposite side of the first arm 15a, and is located closest to the stock A in the first posture. The proximity sensor 17 is attached to the tip of the third arm 15c, and the tip of the rootstock A is sensed by the proximity sensor 17.

A cutting means 7 for cutting each of the portions corresponding to the joining of the stock A and the scion B into a predetermined joining shape while holding the stock A and the scion B by the joining means 6 is provided. The cam means 71b supported by the support member 71a extended from 82 is moved to the mounting table 12 supporting the flowerpot 11 (hereinafter referred to as the rootstock A side). A cam roller type scion cutter 71 (corresponding to scion cutting means) for bringing the blade portions close to each other and cutting a portion corresponding to the scion B arranged between them into a predetermined joint shape, The two-way arm 15b is rotatably mounted on the tip of the three-arm 15b.
Is turned from the first posture to the second posture, so that a joint equivalent portion of the stock A held by the stock holding means 61 is
Rotary cutting type rootstock cutter 72 for cutting into a predetermined joining shape
(Corresponding to a stock cutting means) constitutes the cutting means 7.

The distance from the center of rotation of the three-way arm 15 to the tip of the cutting portion of the scion B held and cut by the scion holding means 62 is from the center of rotation of the three-way arm 15 to the cutting edge of the stock cutter 72. Constant distance α, rather than distance to distant position
(See FIG. 1).

While holding the stock A and the scion B with the joining means 6, there is provided a positioning means 8 for adjusting the position of a joint corresponding to the stock A and the scion B cut into a predetermined joining shape. In addition, the positioning means 8 is constituted by a turning motor 81 and a moving table 82 as main elements.

A fixing means 9 is provided for fixing the joint portion of the stock A and the scion B whose positions corresponding to the joining have been adjusted by the positioning means 8, and the fixing means 9 is mounted on a movable base 82. , A fixing device 91 for feeding out a fixing medium such as a band or a tape and fixing the joint with the fixing medium.

When the grafting process of the scion B to the stock A is performed by the above structure, first, the flowerpot 11 is placed on the mounting table 12, and the stock A is held by the stock holding means 61. With the 15 in the first posture shown in FIG. 1, the scion B is supplied to the tip of the first arm 15a and the scion B is held by the scion holding means 62.

Next, while the three-way arm 15 is in the first position, the movable table 82 is moved to the stock A, and the proximity sensor 1 is moved.
Until the tip 7 of the stock A is detected, the scion cutter 71 cuts a portion corresponding to the joint of the scion B into a predetermined joint shape. Then, the moving table 82 is further moved to the stock A, and when the proximity sensor 17 detects the tip of the stock A, the movement of the moving table 82 is stopped, and the rotation of the stock cutter 72 is started. By rotating the three-way arm 15 by 90 ° to the second posture while maintaining the position, the portion corresponding to the joint of the stock A is cut into a predetermined joint shape.

When a portion corresponding to the joint of the stock A is cut into a predetermined joint shape, the three-way arm 15 is further turned by 90 ° while stopping the rotation of the stock cutter 72. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, the joint corresponding to the stock A and the joint equivalent to the scion B are in a state in which they face each other with a predetermined distance α. Table 82
Is moved toward the stock A by a certain distance α, and the position corresponding to the joint of the stock A and the position of the joint of the scion B are aligned. In order to more reliably move the moving table 82 by a certain distance α, a stopper 82 is provided at a predetermined position on the moving table 82.
In this case, the movable table 82 may be forcibly positioned by bringing the stopper 82a into contact with the fixed portion.

Next, the joint between the stock A and the scion B that have been aligned is fixed using a fixing medium fed out from the fixing device 91. In this way, the stock A and the scion B
Is completed, the holding of the scion B by the scion holding means 62 is released, the moving table 82 is returned to the original position, and then the three-way arm 15 is turned 180 ° in the reverse direction. Return to the first position. The holding by the stock holding means 61 is released, and the stock A with the scion B grafted is removed together with the flowerpot 11.

Alternative Embodiment (a) In the above embodiment, the stock A and the scion B are configured to be held at one place, but the stock A and the scion B are held at two places. In this case, the stock A and the scion B grown in the oblique direction can be straightened, and the alignment of the portion corresponding to the joining can be more reliably performed.

(B) In the above-described embodiment, the distance from the center of rotation of the three-way arm 15 to the furthest position of the cutting edge from the rotation of the three-way arm 15 to the stock cutter 72 is held by the scion holding means 62 from the center of rotation of the three-way arm 15. If the distance between the cut scion B and the tip of the cutting portion is matched, the three-way arm 15 is moved from the state where the stock A is cut by the stock cutter 72 (second posture).
Is rotated by 90 °, so that the position corresponding to the joint of the rootstock A and the position of the joint of the scion B are aligned.

(C) In the above embodiment, the three-way arm 15
Is rotated by 180 °, the three-way arm 15 is reversed to return to the original first posture.
It is also possible to make a 60 ° turn to return to the original first posture.

(D) As an embodiment different from the above-described embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the plant pot 11 having the rootstock A cured is translated in an intermittent feed system by using an automatic transfer device 20. An embodiment for causing this to occur is considered. As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the mounting position S1 in which the flowerpot 11 in which the rootstock A has been cured is carried in and the rootstock A is held by the rootstock holding means 61 ′.
After the flowerpot 11 has been translated, the rootstock cutter 72 '(corresponding to the rootstock cutting means) cuts the joint corresponding to the rootstock A into a predetermined joint shape in the rootstock cutting position S2, the flowerpot 1
1 is further translated, and while the scion B is held by the scion holding means 62 'in order to supply the scion B to the stock A, the joint corresponding to the scion B is cut by the scion cutter 71. A scribing holding and cutting position S3 for cutting into a predetermined joint shape by using a '(corresponding to scion cutting means) is provided.

Ears whose joints have been cut into a predetermined joint shape using a swivel arm 21 (corresponding to joining means) that rotates 180 ° with respect to the stock A whose joints have been cut into a predetermined joint shape. After turning 180 ° to align the tree B, the swivel arm 21 is moved in parallel, and the fixed medium is fed out from the fixing device 91 ′ to the joint between the stock A and the scion B, and the table is fixed with the fixed medium. An alignment fixing position S4 for fixing the joint between the tree A and the scion B is provided, and a removal position S5 for removing the rootstock A with the scion B grafted together with the flowerpot 11 is provided.

The stock cutter 72 'is mounted on the inclined base 22 together with the swivel arm 21 and the scion cutter 71'.
By parallel moving the rotary blade along the inclined surface of the inclined base 22 so as to approach the rootstock A side, a portion corresponding to the rootstock A is cut into a predetermined bonding shape. The information on the parallel movement distance of the rotary blade at the time of cutting is used when the scion B is aligned with the stock A at the alignment fixed position S4.

In this case, the alignment fixed position S4
At this time, while holding the scion B cut by the scion cutter 71 ′, the stock A along the inclined surface of the inclined base 22 while the turning arm 21 has completely turned downward by 180 °.
Side, and the position corresponding to the joint between the stock A and the scion B is aligned, and the amount of parallel movement is set based on the above-mentioned information.

Incidentally, reference numerals are provided in the claims for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the structure of the attached drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a state where a three-way arm is in a first posture.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a state where the three-way arm is in a third posture.

FIG. 3 is a front view of an automatic grafting device according to another embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional side view seen from the direction of IV-IV in FIG. 3;

[Explanation of symbols]

 6,21 joining means 71,71 'scion cutting means 72,72' stock cutting means A stock B

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. Rootstock cutting means (72), (72 ') for cutting a joint corresponding portion of a stock (A) into a predetermined joint shape, and cutting a joint equivalent portion of a scion (B) into a predetermined joint shape. Scion cutting means (71), (71 '), a portion corresponding to the joint of the rootstock (A) cut into a predetermined joint shape, and a joint corresponding to the scion (B) cut into a predetermined joint shape (6) , (2 )
(1) An automatic grafting device comprising: 2. Joining of a stock (A) whose tip side is roughly resected.
Rootstock cutting means (7
2), a spike for cutting a portion corresponding to the joint between (72 ') and the scion (B) into a predetermined joint shape
Wood cutting means (71), (71 ') and a joint equivalent to the stock (A) cut into a predetermined bonding shape.
And bonding of the scion (B) cut into a predetermined joint shape
Joining means (6), (2)
(1) An automatic grafting device comprising: