JP2880470B2 - Automatic grafting device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic grafting apparatus for grafting a scion to a stock.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Grafting is a method in which a part of a plant (spike) is joined to another plant (stock) to obtain a plant having desired properties, thereby regulating the vigor and promoting flowering. As a result, it is possible to increase the amount of results and improve the quality. An example of an automatic grafting apparatus that automatically performs the grafting process as described above is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 61-31038. In this automatic grafting apparatus, as shown in FIG. 18 of the above publication, the stem of the scion is cut into a wedge shape, a hole is formed in the upper end surface of the stem of the stock, and the stem of the scion is replaced with the stem of the stock. The hole on the upper end face of the section is configured to be grafted.

[0003]

As described above, when a hole is made in the upper end surface of a rootstock of a rootstock, the diameter of this hole is smaller than the diameter of the rootstock of the rootstock, and the hole itself is very small. In the automatic grafting device described above, the stem of the scion is joined to a small hole in the upper end surface of the stem of the rootstock. On the other hand, the stem of the rootstock and the stem of the scion are often in a state in which the orientation is uneven and soft and easily change the direction. It is often difficult to join the stems of the rootstock and the stem of the scion. Further, in a rootstock that may be called a small seedling, it is actually difficult to make a small hole in a very narrow area called an upper end face of a thin stem portion of the rootstock.

[0004] In the above-mentioned automatic grafting device, when drilling a hole in the upper end surface of the stem of a rootstock, all the roots of the rootstock remain, so that the rootstock of the rootstock grows after the grafting process. In some cases, the growth of the cotyledon of the rootstock may hinder the growth of the scion. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic grafting apparatus so that the growth of a stock of a rootstock is not hindered by the growth of cotyledons so that a rootstock and a scion can be successfully joined.

[0005]

[1]

Rootstock holding means for holding a rootstock of the rootstock, rootstock cutting means for cutting a joint corresponding to the rootstock of the rootstock held by the rootstock holding means into a predetermined bonding shape, and cutting into a predetermined bonding shape And a joining means for joining the joined portion of the rootstock and the joined portion of the scion to each other.

[2] Rootstock holding means for holding the stem of the rootstock, and rootstock cutting means for cutting a portion corresponding to the joint of the rootstock of the stock held by the rootstock holding means into a predetermined joining shape. A scion holding means for holding the stem of the scion; a scion cutting means for cutting a portion corresponding to the joint of the stem of the scion held by the scion holding means into a predetermined joint shape; There is provided a joining means for joining the cut equivalent portion of the stock to the joint portion of the scion cut into a predetermined joint shape.

[3] Rootstock holding means for holding a rootstock of the rootstock, and rootstock cutting means for cutting a joint corresponding to the root of the rootstock held by the rootstock holding means into a predetermined bonding shape. A scion holding means for holding the stem of the scion, a scion cutting means for cutting a portion corresponding to the joint of the stem of the scion held by the scion holding means into a predetermined joint shape, and joining the stem. While the scion that has been cut into the predetermined joint shape is held by the scion holding means, the joint corresponding to the rootstock that has been cut into the predetermined joint shape and the spike that has been cut into the predetermined joint shape. And joining means for joining the portions to each other.

[4] Rootstock holding means for holding the rootstock of the rootstock, and rootstock cutting means for cutting a portion corresponding to the connection of the rootstock of the rootstock held by the rootstock holding means into a predetermined bonding shape. A scion holding means for holding the stem of the scion, and scion cutting means for cutting a portion corresponding to the joint of the stem of the scion held by the scion holding means into a predetermined joint shape. The scion holding means was arranged between the tree cutting means and the stock holding means, and the scion holding means was reciprocated between the scion cutting means and the stock holding means to cut into a predetermined joint shape. To join the joints equivalent to the joints of the scion cut into a predetermined joint shape,
Operation means for operating the scion holding means is provided.

[0009]

[Action]

[I] As in the automatic grafting device described in the above-mentioned Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 61-31038, when a hole is formed in the upper end surface of the stem of a rootstock, a portion to which the stem of a scion can be joined. Is only a small part called the hole mentioned above. On the other hand, according to the features of the first aspect, the joints corresponding to the rootstock are cut into a predetermined joint shape, and the joints corresponding to the rootstock cut into the predetermined joint shape and the joints corresponding to the scions. Joined. In this case, by cutting diagonally the joint equivalent to the rootstock,
The part that can be joined at the part corresponding to the joint of the scion can be made larger than the small part called the hole. As a result, the joint between the stock and the scion is not affected without being affected by the condition of the stem of the stock and the stalk of the scion, which tend to change direction and are soft and easy to change. Without fail.

[0010] In the case of a configuration in which a portion corresponding to a rootstock is cut into a predetermined bonding shape as in the characteristic of the first aspect, an object to be cut is a very narrow area called an upper end face of a root portion of the rootstock. Rather, a relatively wide range, that is, the entire stem of the rootstock (the part corresponding to the joint) is to be cut. As a result, the portion corresponding to the rootstock can be reliably cut into a predetermined bonding shape without being affected by the condition of the root portion of the rootstock, which is likely to be uneven and soft and easily change direction. can do.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, when cutting a part corresponding to the rootstock into a predetermined bonding shape, the rootstock (part or all) of the rootstock is cut off. Since it is less likely that the cotyledon grows, there is no situation in which the growth of the stock of the rootstock hinders the growth of the scion.

[II] In the feature of claim 1, in a state where the root of the rootstock is held by the rootstock holding means, the rootstock cutting means cuts a portion corresponding to the rootstock into a predetermined bonding shape. By holding the stem of the rootstock so as not to move during cutting by the rootstock cutting means in this way, the rootstock cutting means can precisely cut a portion corresponding to the rootstock into a predetermined bonding shape. .

[III] According to the feature of the second aspect, similar to the case of the first aspect, the "action" described in the above [I] and [II] is provided, and in addition to this, the following "action" is provided. "Is provided. According to the feature of the second aspect, in addition to the stock cutting means, a scion cutting means for cutting a joint corresponding to the scion into a predetermined joint shape is also provided, so that the stock and scion cutting means are used by the stock and scion cutting means. Can be set to a predetermined joint shape that is easily joined to each other. Thereby, joining of a stock and a scion becomes reliable. In this case, the scion cutting means cuts a portion corresponding to the joint of the scion into a predetermined joint shape in a state where the stem portion of the scion is held by the scion holding means similarly to the stock. By holding the stem portion of the scion so as not to move during cutting by the scion cutting means in this way, the scion cutting means can accurately cut a portion corresponding to the joint of the scion into a predetermined joint shape. .

According to a second feature of the present invention, the stock cutting means and the scion cutting means are separately provided. With this, it is possible to simultaneously cut the portion corresponding to the rootstock with the predetermined joint shape and the portion corresponding to the joint of the scion with the predetermined joint shape at the same time. The time can be reduced as compared with a configuration in which cutting is performed at a predetermined joining shape at a portion corresponding to joining, and then cutting is performed at a predetermined joining shape at a portion corresponding to joining a scion.

[IV] According to the feature of the third aspect, similar to the case of the first and second aspects, the above-mentioned [I], [II], and [III] are provided with the “action”. It has the following "action". According to the feature of the third aspect, when the portion corresponding to the joint of the scion is cut into a predetermined joint shape while the scion holding means holds the stem of the scion, the scion is separated from the scion holding means. The scion and the stock are joined while being held by the scion holding means without being transferred to the holding means.

As described above, in a state in which the scion is held by the scion holding means, a portion corresponding to the joint is cut in a predetermined joint shape and joined to the rootstock by performing the cutting.
Between the cutting at a predetermined joining shape at a portion corresponding to the joining and the joining with the stock, the posture and position of the scion with respect to the scion holding means do not shift, so that the joining between the scion and the stock is accurately performed. Done.

[V] According to the feature of claim 4, similar to the case of claims 1, 2, and 3, the "action" described in the above items [I] to [IV] is provided. It has the following "action".
According to the characteristic of claim 4, the scion holding means is arranged between the scion cutting means and the stock holding means, and the scion holding means reciprocates between the scion cutting means and the stock holding means. Then, the joining of the scion and the stock is repeated. By operating the scion holding means in this way, the joining of the scion and the rootstock with high accuracy is continuously and repeatedly performed.

[0018]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the portion corresponding to the joint of the scion can be joined by cutting the portion corresponding to the rootstock into a predetermined joint shape and performing the grafting process. The portion can be made large, and the object of cutting can be a relatively wide range of the entire stem portion of the rootstock (corresponding to the joint). Thereby, the predetermined joint shape of the joint equivalent to the rootstock can be obtained without being affected by the condition of the stem portion of the rootstock and the stem portion of the scion that is soft and easily changed in direction. Cutting and joining of the stock and the scion can be performed without any trouble, and the failure rate of the grafting process in the automatic grafting device can be suppressed. According to the feature of claim 1, when cutting a part corresponding to a rootstock into a predetermined bonding shape, it can be configured to cut off the rootstock cotyledon (part or all), so that the rootstock cotyledon can be cut off. It was possible to prevent a situation in which the growth of the scion is hindered by the growth, and it was possible to improve the survival rate of the automatic grafting device.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, in a state in which the root of the rootstock is held by the rootstock holding means, the rootstock cutting means cuts a portion corresponding to the rootstock into a predetermined bonding shape. By doing so, it becomes possible for the stock cutting means to accurately cut the joints corresponding to the stock into a predetermined joining shape, so that the joining between the stock and the scion can be secured. Thus, the survival rate of the automatic grafting device could be further improved.

According to the features of the second aspect, similar to the first aspect, the "effect of the invention" of the first aspect is provided, and in addition, the following "effect of the invention" is provided. . Provision of the stock cutting means and the scion cutting means as in the features of claim 2 allows the stock and scion joining portions to be set to a predetermined joining shape that is easily joined to each other, and In the state where the stem portion of the scion is held by the scion holding means, the scion cutting means can accurately cut the joint corresponding to the scion into a predetermined joint shape. Since the joining can be secured,
The survival rate of the automatic grafting device was further improved. By cutting the joint corresponding to the rootstock with the predetermined joint shape and the joint equivalent to the scion with the predetermined joint shape at the same time, waste of time can be saved and time can be reduced. The work efficiency of the automatic grafting device could be improved.

According to the features of claim 3, claims 1 and 2
Similarly to the above, the present invention has the "effects of the invention" of the first and second aspects, and in addition, has the following "effects of the invention". According to the feature of claim 3, the position and the position of the scion with respect to the scion holding means do not shift between the cutting of a portion corresponding to the joint with a predetermined joint shape and the joint with the stock, and the scion and the stand are not shifted. Since the joining with the tree can be performed with high accuracy, the survival rate of the automatic grafting device can be further improved.

According to the feature of claim 4, claim 1, 2, 2,
"Effects of the Invention" in claims 1, 2 and 3 as in the case of 3.
In addition to this, the following "effects of the invention" are provided. The scion holding means is arranged between the scion cutting means and the stock holding means, so that the scion and the stock can be joined with high accuracy by the scion holding means. And it will be done repeatedly,
The work efficiency of the automatic grafting device could be improved.

[0023]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings showing embodiments thereof. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a joining means 6 for holding and joining a stock A and a scion B individually is provided, and a stock that is cultivated in a flower pot 11 and is arranged horizontally on a mounting table 12. The spring 61 is used so as not to damage the stem of the rootstock A (the tip side of the rootstock A is roughly cut off as necessary).
and a scion holding means 62 for elastically holding the stems of the seedlings B sown and germinated via springs 62a so as not to damage them.
Thus, the joining means 6 is constituted.

A moving table 82 is provided, which reciprocates in a direction approaching and moving away from the mounting table 12 in accordance with the forward and reverse rotation of the screw shaft 14 connected to the output shaft 13a of the motor 13.
By a turning motor 81 (corresponding to an operating means) mounted on a movable table 82 together with a fixing device 91 described later, the motor 82 is turned 90 ° at a time in a first posture (a posture shown by a solid line in FIG. 1) and a second posture (FIG. 2 and a third posture (FIG. 2).
(A posture shown in FIG. 3) is provided, and a spike holding means 62 is provided at a distal end of a first arm 15a constituting a part of the three-way arm 15.

The first, second, and third postures will be specifically described. The first posture is a posture in which the first arm 15a is located farthest from the rootstock A, and the third posture is a first arm 15a.
Is a posture that turns 180 ° from the first posture and becomes a position closest to the rootstock A. The second posture is a posture in which the first arm 15a is located at an intermediate position between the first and second postures.

The remaining second arm 15b of the three-way arm 15
Is extended in a direction substantially perpendicular to the first arm 15a, and assumes an upward posture in the first posture. Three-way arm 1
The remaining third arm 15c of 5 extends on the opposite side of the first arm 15a, and is located closest to the stock A in the first posture. The proximity sensor 17 is attached to the tip of the third arm 15c, and the tip of the rootstock A is sensed by the proximity sensor 17.

A cutting means 7 for cutting each of the joints (stems) of the stock A and the scion B into a predetermined joint shape while holding the stock A and the scion B by the joining means 6 is provided. The cam means 71b supported by the support member 71a extended from the moving table 82 is moved to the mounting table 12 supporting the flowerpot 11 (hereinafter referred to as the rootstock A side). A cam roller type scion cutter 71 that brings a pair of opposing blades close to each other and cuts a portion (stalk portion) corresponding to a joint of the scion B arranged therebetween in a predetermined joint shape.
(Corresponding to a scion cutting means), and rotatably mounted on the tip of the second arm 15b of the three-way arm 15, and by rotating it to pivot the three-way arm 15 from the first position to the second position, Rootstock A held by rootstock holding means 61
The cutting means 7 is constituted by a rotation cutting type rootstock cutter 72 (corresponding to a rootstock cutting means) for cutting a portion (stem part) corresponding to the bonding into a predetermined bonding shape.

The distance from the center of rotation of the three-way arm 15 to the cutting edge of the cutting portion of the scion B held and cut by the scion holding means 62 is from the center of rotation of the three-way arm 15 to the cutting edge of the stock cutter 72. Constant distance α, rather than distance to distant position
(See FIG. 1).

While holding the stock A and the scion B by the joining means 6, a positioning means 8 is provided for adjusting the position of the joint corresponding to the stock A and the scion B cut into a predetermined joining shape. In addition, the positioning means 8 is constituted by a turning motor 81 and a moving table 82 as main elements.

A fixing means 9 is provided for fixing the joint between the stock A and the scion B whose positions corresponding to the joining have been matched by the positioning means 8, and the fixing means 9 is mounted on a movable base 82. , A fixing device 91 for feeding out a fixing medium such as a band or a tape and fixing the joint with the fixing medium.

When the grafting process of the scion B to the stock A is performed by the above structure, first, the flowerpot 11 is placed on the mounting table 12, and the stock A is held by the stock holding means 61. With the 15 in the first posture shown in FIG. 1, the scion B is supplied to the tip of the first arm 15a and the scion B is held by the scion holding means 62.

Next, while the three-way arm 15 is in the first position, the movable table 82 is moved to the stock A, and the proximity sensor 1 is moved.
Until the tip 7 of the stock A is detected, the scion cutter 71 cuts a portion corresponding to the joint of the scion B into a predetermined joint shape. Then, the moving table 82 is further moved to the stock A, and when the proximity sensor 17 detects the tip of the stock A, the movement of the moving table 82 is stopped, and the rotation of the stock cutter 72 is started. By rotating the three-way arm 15 by 90 ° to the second posture while maintaining the position, the portion corresponding to the joint of the stock A is cut into a predetermined joint shape.

When a portion corresponding to the joint of the stock A is cut into a predetermined joining shape, the three-way arm 15 is further turned by 90 ° while stopping the rotation of the stock cutter 72. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, the joint corresponding to the stock A and the joint equivalent to the scion B are in a state in which they face each other with a predetermined distance α. Table 82
Is moved toward the stock A by a certain distance α, and the position corresponding to the joint of the stock A and the position of the joint of the scion B are aligned. In order to more reliably move the moving table 82 by a certain distance α, a stopper 82 is provided at a predetermined position on the moving table 82.
In this case, the movable table 82 may be forcibly positioned by bringing the stopper 82a into contact with the fixed portion.

Next, the joint between the stock A and the scion B that have been aligned is fixed using a fixing medium fed out from the fixing device 91. In this way, the stock A and the scion B
Is completed, the holding of the scion B by the scion holding means 62 is released, the moving table 82 is returned to the original position, and then the three-way arm 15 is turned 180 ° in the reverse direction. Return to the first position. The holding by the stock holding means 61 is released, and the stock A with the scion B grafted is removed together with the flowerpot 11.

Alternative Embodiment (a) In the above-described embodiment, the stock A and the scion B are configured to be held at one place, but the stock A and the scion B are held at two places. In this case, the stock A and the scion B grown in the oblique direction can be straightened, and the alignment of the portion corresponding to the joining can be more reliably performed.

(B) In the above embodiment, the distance from the turning center of the three-way arm 15 to the furthest position of the blade edge from the turning center of the three-way arm 15 to the stock cutter 72 is held by the scion holding means 62 from the turning center of the three-way arm 15. If the distance between the cut scion B and the tip of the cutting portion is matched, the three-way arm 15 is moved from the state where the stock A is cut by the stock cutter 72 (second posture).
Is rotated by 90 °, so that the position corresponding to the joint of the rootstock A and the position of the joint of the scion B are aligned.

(C) In the above embodiment, the three-way arm 15
Is rotated by 180 °, the three-way arm 15 is reversed to return to the original first posture.
It is also possible to make a 60 ° turn to return to the original first posture.

(D) As an embodiment different from the above-described embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the plant pot 11 having the rootstock A cured is moved in parallel by an intermittent feeding method using an automatic transfer device 20. An embodiment for causing this to occur is considered. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the mounting position S1 in which the flowerpot 11 in which the rootstock A has been cured is carried in and the stem portion of the rootstock A is held by the rootstock holding means 61 ′, and after the flowerpot 11 is translated. Rootstock cutter 7
At 2 ′ (corresponding to rootstock cutting means), a rootstock cutting position S2 for cutting a portion corresponding to the rootstock A into a predetermined bonding shape,
After the flowerpot 11 is further translated, the stem of the scion B is moved to the scion holding means 6 so as to supply the scion B to the rootstock A.
A scion holding position S3 is provided for cutting a portion corresponding to the joint of scion B into a predetermined joint shape using a scion cutter 71 '(corresponding to scion cutting means) while holding at 2'. .

Ears whose joints are cut into a predetermined joint shape using a swivel arm 21 (corresponding to joining means) that rotates 180 ° with respect to the stock A whose joints are cut into a predetermined joint shape. After turning 180 ° to align the tree B, the swivel arm 21 is moved in parallel, and the fixed medium is fed out from the fixing device 91 ′ to the joint between the stock A and the scion B, and the table is fixed with the fixed medium. An alignment fixing position S4 for fixing the joint between the tree A and the scion B is provided, and a removal position S5 for removing the rootstock A with the scion B grafted together with the flowerpot 11 is provided.

The stock cutter 72 ′ is mounted on the inclined base 22 together with the swivel arm 21 and the scion cutter 71 ′.
By parallel moving the rotary blade along the inclined surface of the inclined base 22 so as to approach the rootstock A side, a portion corresponding to the rootstock A is cut into a predetermined bonding shape. The information on the parallel movement distance of the rotary blade at the time of cutting is used when the scion B is aligned with the stock A at the alignment fixed position S4.

In this case, the alignment fixed position S4
At this time, while holding the scion B cut by the scion cutter 71 ′, the stock A along the inclined surface of the inclined base 22 while the turning arm 21 has completely turned downward by 180 °.
Side, and the position corresponding to the joint between the stock A and the scion B is aligned, and the amount of parallel movement is set based on the above-mentioned information.

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the structure shown in the attached drawings.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a state where a three-way arm is in a first posture.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a state where the three-way arm is in a third posture.

FIG. 3 is a front view of an automatic grafting device according to another embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional side view seen from the direction of IV-IV in FIG. 3;

[Explanation of symbols]

 6, 21 Joining means 61, 61 'Rootstock holding means 62, 62' Rootstock holding means 71, 71 'Rootwood cutting means 72, 72' Rootstock cutting means 81 Operating means A Rootstock B Hoki

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A rootstock holding means (61) for holding a stem of a rootstock (A) , (61 '); and the rootstock held by the rootstock holding means (61) , (61') . Rootstock cutting means (72) and (72 ') for cutting a joint corresponding to the stem portion of (A) into a predetermined joint shape, and a joint equivalent portion of the rootstock (A) cut into a predetermined joint shape. An automatic grafting device comprising: joining means (6) and (21) for joining a portion corresponding to the joining of the scion (B) to each other. 2. Rootstock holding means (61) , (61 ') for holding the stem of a rootstock (A), and said rootstock held by said rootstock holding means (61) , (61') . Rootstock cutting means (72) , (72 ') for cutting a portion corresponding to the joint of the stem in (A) into a predetermined joint shape, and scion holding means (62) for holding the stem of the scion (B). ,
(62 ') and a scion cutting means (71) for cutting a portion corresponding to the joint of the stem of the scion (B) held by the scion holding means (62) , (62') into a predetermined joint shape. ) , (71 '), and a joint equivalent portion of the stock (A) cut into a predetermined joint shape and a joint equivalent portion of the scion (B) cut into a predetermined joint shape. Joining means (6) , (2
(1) An automatic grafting device comprising: 3. Rootstock holding means (61) , (61 ') for holding the stem of the rootstock (A), and said rootstock held by said rootstock holding means (61) , (61') . Rootstock cutting means (72) , (72 ') for cutting a portion corresponding to the joint of the stem in (A) into a predetermined joint shape, and scion holding means (62) for holding the stem of the scion (B). ,
(62 ') and a scion cutting means (71) for cutting a portion corresponding to the joint of the stem of the scion (B) held by the scion holding means (62) , (62') into a predetermined joint shape. ) , (71 ') and the spike (B), which has been cut into a predetermined joint shape at a portion corresponding to the joint of the stalk, while holding the spike holding means (62) , (62') , Joining means (6) and (21) for joining a joint equivalent part of the stock (A) cut into a shape and a joint equivalent part of the scion (B) cut into a predetermined joint shape to each other. Automatic grafting device equipped with. 4. A rootstock holding means (61) , (61 ') for holding a stem of a rootstock (A), and said rootstock held by said rootstock holding means (61) , (61') . Rootstock cutting means (72) , (72 ') for cutting a portion corresponding to the joint of the stem in (A) into a predetermined joint shape, and scion holding means (62) for holding the stem of the scion (B). ,
(62 ') and a scion cutting means (71) for cutting a portion corresponding to the joint of the stem of the scion (B) held by the scion holding means (62) , (62') into a predetermined joint shape. ), Between the scion cutting means (71) , (71 ') and the stock retaining means (72) , (72') , the scion holding means (62) , (62 ' ) . ) , And the scion holding means (62) and (62 ') are combined with the scion cutting means (71) and (71') and the stock holding means (7).
2) reciprocating between (72 ') and (72') to join the scion (B) cut into a predetermined joining shape to a portion corresponding to the joining of the stock (A) cut into a predetermined joining shape; The spike holding means (62) , (6
An automatic grafting device provided with an operation means (81 ) for operating 2 ′) .