JPH05213583A - Automatic foldable boom for crane - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide an automatic folding boom for a crane capable of rapidly treating folding/enlarging work of the boom in a tower type crane frequently moving. CONSTITUTION: A boom comprises a boom leg 11 connected to a lower frame, a boom folding intermediate element 12 and a boom end. The element 12 is connected to the leg 11 by a mechanized unit 36 for operating rotation around a connecting shaft. The boom end is connected to the leg 11 by a coupler set 40 having three connected mechanisms 41, 42, 43. The central mechanism 41 of the set 40 is connected by connecting to a fixed point of the element 12, and rotated around a connecting shaft 15 of the boom end.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention is used in self-assembling cranes, especially in construction and civil engineering sites, and from one site to another or from one place to another without human intervention. It relates to the field of tower cranes, which must be frequently folded in order to transport roads quickly and safely.

More precisely, the invention relates to an automatically collapsible boom for a crane of this type, in particular for transporting the crane from a working position with a boom element made of multiple elements and aligned. A folding / unfolding device for the boom, which can be moved to a folded position for transport and vice versa from a folded position for transport to a working position.

For tower cranes with folding masts as well as tower cranes with self-assembling nesting masts, there are numerous solutions for folding booms that improve the transport position of the cranes.

For example, French Patent No. 2,306,15
According to the first type described in No. 8, the boom has two elements, a boom leg connected to the head of the telescopic mast and a boom tip connected to the front end of the boom leg. , On the other hand, a fixed length of rope connects the fixed point of the mast head to the fixed point of the boom tip, so that during the nesting movement of the mast, the boom is aligned with the work position from the folded position. And vice versa.

The boom folding apparatus further requires that the crane be equipped with a set of bundles and braces that are used to raise the boom during telescopic movement of the mast. In this embodiment, the rope of constant length and the set of bundles and braces must be adjusted regularly, in particular to compensate for the permanent elongation of the rope which progresses over time.

For example, French Patent No. 2,550,17
According to the second type described in No. 6, the boom connected to the top of the mast is made up of two or more elements connected to each other, arranged at the height of each contact, A bar linkage that connects one mechanism of the bar linkage to a fixed point on the top of the mast or one element of the boom or is operated by bracing, is used during telescopic movement of the mast if the mast is telescopic, or Ensure that the boom is expanded or folded while the boom is raised separately.

Contrary to the previously mentioned device, this device can be obtained and maintained with good accuracy over time. However, there are some limitations to this device that limit its preferred use to nested mast cranes. Because when the mast is not telescopic, the boom raising operation is performed by using the compound pulley between the rear fixed rope and the crane underframe and by operating the compound pulley with an assembly winch. Things complicate the implementation and impair the overall accuracy.

For example, French Patent No. 2,368,43
According to a further third type described in No. 0, the boom connected to the top of the mast is made up of at least two elements connected to each other so as to be connected via the folding piece of the boom. There is. In the embodiment described in this document, the folding piece folds the second part of the boom sideways relative to the first part when the boom itself is folded back against the mast of the crane for transportation. Have a function. The folding piece of this known embodiment therefore cannot fold or unfold the boom in the vertical plane.

[0009]

Thus, from what has been described above, the present invention is separate from the other stages of assembling a crane in the vertical plane while avoiding the various drawbacks identified above. It is an object of the present invention to provide a foldable boom for a crane, of the type having a folding intermediate piece, which allows the boom to be folded and unfolded securely.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the boom of a crane according to the invention is inserted between at least two main boom elements of a boom leg and a boom tip of relatively large length, and between the two main boom elements. A boom having at least one boom folding intermediate element of relatively small length, as is known, in which all boom elements are articulated to one another around a substantially horizontal axis at the level of their lower frame. In the boom of this crane, the boom folding intermediate element is configured such that the boom folding intermediate element is operated by a mechanized device that operates rotation of the boom folding intermediate element around an axis of connection with one of the adjacent main boom elements. The adjacent main boom element is connected to the other main boom element by means of a connecting device set having at least three articulated mechanisms. And the central mechanism of the three mechanisms is also connected by articulation to the fixed point of the boom folding intermediate element, thus causing the pivoting of said other main boom element about its axis of articulation with the boom folding intermediate element. It is characterized by

The present invention uses a boom having only two main elements, namely, a boom leg and a boom tip, and a single boom folding intermediate portion interposed between the boom leg and the boom tip. According to a simple embodiment of the invention, the boom folding intermediate element is connected to the boom leg by the mechanization device, while the coupling device set with three articulated mechanisms places the boom leg on the boom tip. Connecting, the central mechanism of the coupling device set is also connected by articulation to the fixed point of the boom folding intermediate element.

Thus, the mechanization device directly controls the rotation of the boom folding intermediate element with respect to the boom leg, and the coupling device set causes the boom tip relative to the boom folding intermediate element to obtain a complete folding of the boom as a whole. Simultaneously with and as a result of said movement, the boom tip is folded back onto the boom leg.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the mechanization device connecting the boom folding intermediate element to the boom leg is a double-acting hydraulic jack, the body of which is articulated to the end of the upper frame of the boom leg. The rod is connected to the top of the boom folding intermediate element or vice versa.

According to a particular embodiment, the boom folding intermediate element has two tops which are longitudinally offset and connected to the lower frame of said element by a double triangle on the side, the other top First with a height slightly higher than the height of
The top of the jack accepts the end of the jack rod or body,
The second top receives the articulating contacts of the central mechanism of the coupling set that connects the boom tip to the boom leg.

According to another characteristic, the boom leg is formed at its front end in two parts symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal midplane of the boom, with a double support having a height approximately equal to the height of the boom. It has a body, the top of which bears the articulating shaft of the first mechanism end of the coupling set.

According to another characteristic, a coupling device set with three articulated mechanisms forms a central mechanism with the articulation shaft supported by said double support and arranged on the boom leg. A first connecting rod or rods connected to a connecting shaft arranged at the first end of an elbow-shaped lever with two branches, the elbow of said lever being the first of the boom folding intermediate elements. The second connecting rod, which receives the top two connecting contacts, has a connecting shaft arranged at the other end of the central mechanism and a fixed connecting contact arranged at the rear end of the upper frame of the boom tip. Connect to.

Whatever the construction of the boom folding device, this device will
Make sure that the boom tip is fully folded back over the boom legs, then these two main parts are almost parallel, and especially when the jack rod is fully extended to form a horizontal distribution boom. A straightening of the boom legs, the boom folding intermediate element and the boom tip is obtained, i.e. the distribution truck of the load running on the lower frame of the three aligned boom elements along the boom of the crane. it can.

Further, in the case of a horizontal distribution boom, the boom folding device according to the present invention prevents "slack" of the pulling rope and the distribution rope when the boom is folded, regardless of the position of the boom tip with respect to the boom leg. You can recover.

Thus, overall, a boom for the crane is created in which the folding and unfolding of the boom is performed automatically and independently of the crane assembly stage in which the boom is mounted whatever the crane type. In any event, the present invention will be better understood by the following description with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings, which show by way of non-limiting example one embodiment of this boom of self-folding type.

[0020]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A tower crane, shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1, comprises, as is known, a fixed or mobile foundation frame 1 carrying a rotating frame 3 by means of a diverting device 2, The underframe 3 supports a counterweight 4 at its rear part and has horizontal shafts 9 at its front part.
Base mast 7 with its rear surface connected by articulation
A collapsible mast 6 composed of the upper mast 8 and the upper mast 8 is connected around the horizontal axis 5.

The crane comprises a collapsible distribution boom 10 according to the invention, which distribution boom 10 is composed of three elements, which are shown here in sequence as a boom leg 11, a boom folding intermediate element 12 and a boom tip 13, respectively. And the three elements are connected to each other by means of articulations around the horizontal axes 14, 15 arranged on their lower frame ("lower" frame means as defined for the boom in working position). ..

The upper masts 8 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mast 6, and the horizontal shaft 1 is arranged at the base of the upper mast 8.
7 and the rotary frame 3 are connected to the rotary frame 3 by two assembly branch lines 16 connected to each other around a horizontal shaft 18 arranged at the rear of the rotary frame 3.

The boom 10 has a horizontal shaft 1 at the top of the mast 6.
9 around the upper frame 22 of the boom leg 11
It is held in position by a brace 20 which tilts its fixed point 21 towards the rear of the crane and connects it to the top 23 of a rigid bundle 24 connected to the base of the boom leg 11 about a horizontal axis 25. The rigid bundle 24 itself has a top portion 23 of the rigid bundle 24.
Is held in position by a rear fixed brace 26 that connects the to the fixed point 27 located at the rear of the rotating frame 3.

The crane is mechanized for its assembly, ie for the assembly of the mast 6, the raising and unfolding of the boom 10. As shown in detail in FIG. 2, a boom 10 of conventional triangular cross section comprises an upper frame 22, 28 for a boom leg 11 and a boom tip 13, respectively, a boom leg 11, a boom folding intermediate element 12, and a boom folding intermediate element 12, respectively. Regarding the boom tip portion 13, the lower frames 29, 30, 31, and the upper frame 2 forming the base of the triangular cross section.
2, 28 and the lower frames 29, 30, 31 are connected to each other so as to form a rigid triangular portion.
Have.

A boom folding intermediate element 12 having a length relatively shorter than the length of the boom leg 11 and the boom tip 13.
Has two tops 33, 34 that are longitudinally offset, connected to the lower frame 30 by a bar triangle set 35, and slightly offset in height. The tallest top 33, which faces the boom leg 11, is located in the mid-plane of the boom 10, while the top 34, which faces the boom tip 13, is double.
It is located substantially perpendicular to the lower frame 30 of the boom folding intermediate element 12 and is at the height of the upper frame 28 of the boom tip 13 when all the elements of the boom 10 are aligned.

The folding device for the boom 10 according to the present invention comprises:
The main body 37 has a double-acting hydraulic jack 36 connected to the end 38 of the upper frame 22 of the boom leg 11.
The rod 39 of the jack 36 is connected to the top 33 of the boom folding intermediate element and is two parts symmetrical to the longitudinal center plane of the boom 10 (elbow-shaped levers 41 and 2).
A connecting device set 40 made up of two double connecting rods 42, 43) connects the boom tip 13 to the boom leg 11 via the boom folding intermediate element 12.

The elbow-shaped lever 41 comprises two branches 44, which form an obtuse angle directed towards the inside of the boom 10.
45, this lever 41 is connected at its elbow 46 to the top 34 of the boom folding intermediate element 12. The first double connecting rod 42 connects the free end of the rear branch 44 of the elbow-shaped lever 41 with the upper part of the support piece 49 fixed to the front end of the boom leg 11 by two connecting contacts 47 and 48, respectively. Tie together.

Support piece 49 with double connecting rod 42
Is a double support formed of two parts that are symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal center plane of the boom. Double support 49
Is approximately equal to the height of the boom 10. The second double connecting rod 43 connects the front branch 45 of the elbow-shaped bent lever 41 and the rear end of the upper frame 28 of the boom tip 13 by two connecting contacts 50 and 51, respectively.

The three elements 11, 12, 13 of the boom 10
However, when it is in the straight line position as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the rod 39 of the jack 36 is completely out of the jack body 37, and the upper frame 28 of the boom tip 13 is shown.
And the second longitudinal connecting rod 43 and the part of the coupling set formed by the front branch 45 of the elbow-shaped bent lever 41, are substantially aligned, so that the longitudinal stress on the upper part of the boom 10 in use is It is transmitted from the boom tip 13 to the boom leg 11 without significant discontinuity.

From the unfolded position shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the folding of the boom illustrated by FIGS. 4 to 6 takes place as follows. Double-acting hydraulic jack 3 in the return direction
By actuating 6, the rod 39 causes the jack 36
Boom folding intermediate element 1
The distance between the contact points 33 and 38, respectively supported by 2 and the boom leg 11, is reduced.

From this, the two boom elements 12, 1
The combination of 3 is the horizontal axis (connecting contact) 1 of the boom 10.
Rotate around 4. At the same time, the connecting contacts 47 and 51 supported by the boom leg 11 and the boom tip 13 respectively.
The distance between them also becomes shorter, causing rotation of the elbow-shaped lever 41 around the top (communicating contact) 34 of the boom folding intermediate element 12, and thus around the horizontal axis (communicating contact) 15 of the boom. Cause the rotation of.

Therefore, while the boom folding intermediate element 12 and the boom tip portion 13 pass through the intermediate positions shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, at the same time, the boom tip portion 13 is completely positioned on the boom leg 11 respectively. It is confirmed that the rotation about the horizontal axes (contact points) 14 and 15 of FIG.

In this final configuration, shown in FIG. 6, the boom tip 13 is inverted to occupy a position substantially parallel to the boom leg 11, while the boom folding intermediate element 12 is collapsed to the boom leg 11. It can be seen that it occupies a position almost perpendicular to. In this state, the boom folding intermediate element 12 has a length approximately equal to the sum of the height of the boom leg 11 and the height of the boom tip 13 in order to obtain a minimum folding height for transporting the crane. There must be.

In order to unfold the boom 10 from the folded position of FIG. 6, it is necessary to pass through the intermediate positions of FIG. 5 and then FIG. 4 in sequence before reaching the final unfolded position of FIGS. Needless to say, the reverse movement is caused while the jack 36 is operated in the direction in which the rod 39 comes out. The mechanization of the jack 36 can be operated independently of the other movements of the crane assembly, and the boom folding can be done at any position of the boom 10 and the crane equipped with the boom.

It will be appreciated that, as will be appreciated from the foregoing, the invention is not limited to the automated and collapsible boom embodiment of the crane described above by way of example. It includes all modifications and applications based on the same principle. Therefore, the following are not outside the scope of the present invention. -By using a mechanized device with a telescopic function other than a double-acting hydraulic jack, a pneumatic or electric jack,
Of course, a mechanism with a rack or an endless screw-tangent gear can be used.

A modification of the details of the articulation device set, optionally with more than two articulated mechanisms. With the modification of the number of jacks, connecting rods, etc., these devices may be single, double or multiple. -With respect to the machine and coupling set, the boom leg and boom tip are swapped in the opposite arrangement.

-Always by the application of the same principle with a boom of a crane consisting of three or more elements with a main boom element and a shorter intermediate element, the folding device as described above being Be combined. -Such as tower cranes with nested masts, element assembly tower cranes, boom up and down cranes, etc.
The same principle of a foldable boom is applied to other types of lifting equipment.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a self-assembling crane in a working position with a foldable boom according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a detailed side view of the boom folding device when the boom is unfolded.

FIG. 3 is a partial plan view from above of the boom in an expanded position corresponding to FIG.

FIG. 4 is a side view similar to FIG. 2, showing a first stage of boom folding.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing the second stage of boom folding as well.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing a stage in which the boom is also folded.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Foundation Underframe 2 Direction Changer 3 Rotating Underframe 4 Balance Weight 5,9,14,15,17,18,19,25,47,
48, 50, 51 Horizontal axis (connecting contact) 6 Foldable mast 7 Base mast 8 Upper mast 10 Distribution boom 11 Boom leg 12 Boom folding intermediate element 13 Boom tip 16 Assembly branch line 20 Bracing 21, 27 Fixed point 22 , 28 Upper frame 23, 33, 34 Top 24 Rigid bundle 26 Rear fixed braces 29, 30, 31 Lower frame 32, 35 Bar triangle set 36 Double-acting hydraulic jack 37 Main body of jack 36 38 End portion of upper frame 22 39 Rod of jack 36 40 Connecting device set 41 Elbow-shaped lever 42,43 Double connecting rod 44,45 Branch of lever 41 46 Same elbow 49 Support

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A boom leg (11) of relatively large length.
And at least one main boom element of the boom tip (13) and at least one boom folding intermediate element (12) of a relatively small length inserted between the two main boom elements. In a self-folding boom for cranes, where (11,12,13) are articulated to each other around a substantially horizontal axis (14,15) at the height of their lower frame (29,30,31), A boom folding intermediate element (12) is actuated by a mechanization device (36) for manipulating rotation of the boom folding intermediate element (12) about an articulation axis (14) with one adjacent main boom element (11). It is connected to one adjacent main boom element (11), while the other adjacent main boom element (1
3) has at least three articulated mechanisms (41, 4)
2, 43) is connected to said one main boom element (11) by means of a coupling device set (40), the middle mechanism (41) of said three mechanisms also being the fixed point of the boom folding intermediate element (12). Is connected by concatenation at (34),
Accordingly, the automatic folding boom for a crane, characterized in that the rotation of the other main boom (13) is caused around a connecting axis (15) with the boom folding intermediate element (12). 2. Two main elements, a boom leg (11) and a boom tip (13), and a boom leg (1).
A self-folding boom for a crane according to claim 1, wherein the boom folding intermediate element (12) comprises a single boom folding intermediate element (12) inserted between 1) and the boom tip (13). A coupling device set (40) connected to the boom leg (11) by the mechanization device (36), while having three articulated mechanisms (41, 42, 43), connects the boom leg (11). Boom tip (1
3) An automatic folding boom for a crane, characterized in that the connecting device set (40) is also connected at the fixed point of the boom folding intermediate element (12) at (34). 3. The mechanization device connecting the boom folding intermediate element (12) to the boom leg (11) is a double-acting hydraulic jack (36), the body of the jack (37) being the boom leg (11). Articulated at (38) to the end of the upper frame (22) and the jack rod (39) articulated to the top (33) of the boom folding intermediate element (12) or vice versa. An automatic folding boom for a crane according to claim 2, wherein: 4. The boom folding intermediate element (12) is provided with two tops (33) connected to the lower frame (30) of the intermediate element (12) by longitudinally offset lateral double triangles (35). , 34) and the other top (34)
The first top (33), which is slightly higher than the height of
A coupling set (40) that receives the rod (39) of the jack (36) or the end of the body (37) and the second top (34) connects the boom tip (13) to the boom leg (11). 4. A self-folding boom for a crane according to claim 3, characterized in that it receives the connecting contact of the central mechanism (41). 5. A boom leg (11) is formed at its front end in two parts symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal center plane of the boom (10) and has a height approximately equal to the height of the boom (10). Having a double support (49), said support (49)
The top of the is the first mechanism (42) of the coupling device set (40)
Automatic folding boom for cranes according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that it supports the articulating shaft (47) at the end. 6. A coupling set (40) having three articulated mechanisms, supported by said double support (49) and arranged on a boom leg (11), with a coupling shaft (4).
7) is an elbow-shaped lever (4) that forms the central mechanism.
1) One or more first connecting rods (4) connecting to a connecting shaft (48) located at the end of one branch (44)
2), the elbow (46) of said lever (41) receives the connecting contact of the second top (34) of the boom folding intermediate element (12), and the single or multiple second connecting rod (43). ) Attaches the connecting shaft (50) arranged at the end of the other branch (45) of the central mechanism (41) to the fixed connecting end arranged at the rear end of the boom tip (13) upper frame (28). Point (5
The automatic folding boom for a crane according to claim 5, which is connected to 1). 7. Automatic crane for cranes according to claim 6, characterized in that the two branches (44, 45) of the elbow-shaped lever (41) form an obtuse angle directed towards the inside of the boom. Foldable boom. 8. The coupling device set (40) comprises a boom (1).
0) made in two parts symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal center plane, each part of the set (40) having an elbow-shaped lever (41) and two double connecting rods (42, 43). )
The automatic folding boom for a crane according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that 9. The boom folding intermediate element (12) has a length approximately equal to the sum of the height of the boom leg (11) and the height of the boom tip (13). 8. An automatic folding boom for a crane according to any one of 8 above. 10. A boom (10) is articulated around a horizontal axis (19) at the top of a collapsible or telescoping mast (6) to constitute an automatic folding tower crane. An automatic folding boom for a crane according to any one of claims 1 to 9.