JPH05195575A - Panel and framework precut panel built-in construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to easily position a keeper formed in a framework and, at the same time, to increase strength of the whole building because the framework is strongly combined with a panel in the case the panel is fitted in the framework forming a building skeleton or a roof skeleton by fixing plane plate members to at least one surface of a frame joining frame members in the shape of a grating to form a panel, and projecting at least a part of the plate members from edge sections of the frame. CONSTITUTION:Horizontally arranged frame members 3 and vertically arranged frame members 4 and 5 are respectively at approximately right angles to form a frame in the shape of a grating. Plane plate members 2 such as plywood, etc., are fixed to one surface of the frame, and a part of the plate members 2 is projected from edge sections of the frame.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a building construction method for houses and buildings, and more particularly to a building construction method for a wood-based structure using wood or wood materials.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, construction methods of wooden structures are roughly classified into two types, a frame type and a wall type. Further, the frame type is (1) conventional wooden construction method, (2) laminated wood structure, The wall type is classified into (3) framed wall construction method (two-by-four construction method) and (4) school warehouse construction. Furthermore, there is a wooden prefabricated structure as a simple construction method, which is classified into (5) frame type, (6) wall type, and (7) modular type, respectively.

The frame construction method, which is also called the conventional wooden construction method, first constructs a skeleton of a building by combining axial members such as pillars, girders and beams on a foundation, and then forms walls, floors, roofs, This is a construction method in which a living space is formed by forming a ceiling or the like.

The laminated lumber structure is a construction method in which a large amount of members that are a part of the skeleton of a building are processed and molded in advance, and the entire building skeleton is completed at once when the members are assembled.

The framed wall construction method, which is also called the two-by-four construction method, first forms a floor on a foundation, then assembles the framed wall for the first floor and fixes it at a predetermined position to form a building wall, Next, after forming the second floor on the frame wall, 2
It is a construction method in which the building is completed by assembling the framed walls of the floors and then assembling the floor and walls in order.

The schoolhouse construction, also called a log house, is a construction method in which the strength of the entire building is obtained by horizontally stacking timber and logs on a foundation to form a wall. The wooden prefabricated structure is a construction method in which a large-area standardized wall panel or floor panel is manufactured in advance using plywood, frame materials, etc., and each panel is assembled to form a living space. The assembled type is a method of assembling each panel after assembling columns and beams, the wall type is a method in which each panel bears the building strength, and the modular type is a unit of the entire building or a part of it. It is a construction method in which the structure is manufactured in advance in a factory or the like and then installed and assembled on site.

7 to 9 show an example of a conventional frame construction method. In FIG. 7, a base 52 is fixed on a foundation 51 made of concrete or the like, and then a through column 55 having a body difference 53 and a tube column is set up at each predetermined position. Next, the second-order beam 56 is passed between the body gaps 53, and the wife portion around the through column is assembled using the tube column 54, the round column 57, the eaves girder 58, the joint beam 59, the jump beam, and the like. After that, the second floor joists are assembled to reinforce the scaffolding, and the second floor pipe columns, eaves girders and beams are fixed to form the second floor skeleton.

Next, referring to FIG. 8, in order to form a roof, a bundle is placed on the girders and beams, a purlin and a purlin are placed, and a corner tree 60 is placed at a joint portion of the roof to construct a roof skeleton. Is formed, and many rafters 61 are fixed to each roof surface, and rafters 6
A nose cover 62 and a small dance 63 are formed at the end of 1.
Fix the base plate to the entire roof. Roofing is laid on the base plate, and in the case of roof tile construction, for example, tiles are arranged in order on the roof tiles fixed to the base plate to complete the roof.

On the other hand, in FIG. 9, in the wall portion on the first floor,
A stud 64, a lintel 65, an inner fence, and a brace 66 are formed,
When the wall is made of mortar, the lath base plate 67 and lath net are fixed and mortar is applied. Further, in the floor portion on the first floor, a floor bundle is placed on a pile of stones, daihiki and joists are lined up, and a floor board is laid on the floor to complete the floor. After that, the entire building is completed by electrical wiring work, interior work, and exterior finish.

10 to 13 show an example of a conventional frame wall construction method. In FIG. 10, after fixing the base 72 on the foundation 71 made of concrete, blocks, etc., the floor bundle is placed on the bundle stone, the Daihiki and the joist are arranged, and the space between the joists is reinforced by the plywood bridge, By covering the entire surface with the floor plywood 73, the floor on the first floor is completed. Then 1
In order to form the floor of the floor, the lower frame 7 on the floor of the first floor
4, a long frame such as an upper frame 75, a vertical frame 76, and a lintel 77 is used to form a skeleton of a wall, and a plywood 78 is attached to the outer wall surface to manufacture a wall panel. Then, each wall panel corresponding to each side of the building is erected and fixed to each other to complete the wall on the first floor. Similarly, as for the partition wall, a wall panel made of plywood and a frame material is arranged and fixed (Fig. 11).
reference).

Next, referring to FIG. 12, a large number of joists for the second floor and roll stoppers are arranged above the first-floor wall and the partition wall, and the joists are reinforced between the joists and the plywood 79 is provided thereon. The floor on the second floor is completed by laying the floors. Then 2
The floor walls and partition walls will be constructed in the same way as the construction on the first floor. After that, a large number of joists for the second-floor ceiling, anti-rolls, and steady rests are placed above the second-floor wall and partition walls, and floor plywood for the attic is laid if necessary.

Next, referring to FIG. 13, in order to form the roof, the gable wall panel 80 on the second floor is made of a frame material and plywood, and a shed truss is assembled and fixed on the ceiling of the second floor. Pass the purlin 81 between the hut trusses, and purse 81 and 2
A large number of rafters 82 are arranged between the ceilings of the floors to prevent them from falling off, and if necessary, to secure rafters, cover the nose, and gable plates. Next, the base plate 83 is spread and fixed on the rafter or the like. Roofing is spread over the base plate 83. For example, in the case of western tile construction, the roof is completed by nailing the Western tiles while arranging them on the base plate 83 in order. After that, the entire building is completed by electrical wiring work, interior work, and exterior finish.

[0013]

However, in the conventional frame construction method, when the wood of which the grain is beautiful such as cedar, zelkova, or cypress is used as the material of the pillar or girder, the pillar or girder appears to the appearance. However, in the process after forming the skeleton of the entire building with the framework, the members that make up the walls and roof are finely divided, and many of the processes such as processing and fixing are manual work, so construction However, it took a lot of time and it was difficult to reduce the construction cost.

Further, the conventional framed wall construction method has its origin in North America, and its architectural style is Western style without using columns or girders, so it has been familiar to many Japanese people since ancient times. There was a problem that it was difficult to finish in a Japanese style building with a comfortable living space.

Similarly, in the wooden prefabricated structure which is a simple construction method, the surface of columns and girders does not appear in the appearance, and it is difficult to finish a heavy Japanese-style building. In addition, the other conventional construction methods are not used so much except for special buildings that are elaborate in design because of high construction cost.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention makes the surface of the pillar or girder appear on the appearance of the building even if the wood of which the grain is beautiful is used as the material of the pillar or girder, and furthermore, a Japanese-style building is constructed by simple construction. It is an object of the present invention to provide a new building construction method that can be obtained, and further to provide a panel suitable for the building construction method of the present invention.

[0017]

In order to achieve the above object, the panel of the present invention is a panel in which a flat plate member is fixed to at least one surface of a frame in which the frame members are combined in a grid pattern. At least a part of the plate member is projected from the edge of the frame.

In the frame precut panel fitting construction method of the present invention, the building frame is formed by combining the horizontal shaft member and the vertical shaft member on the foundation, and the diagonal shaft member is fixed on the building frame. After the roof skeleton is formed, the flat prefabricated panel is fitted on the surface formed by the horizontal shaft member, the vertical shaft member, or the diagonal shaft member to form a living space. The panel is composed of a grid-like frame and a plate member at least a part of which projects from the edge of the frame, and a part of the horizontal shaft member, the vertical shaft member or the diagonal shaft member. In addition, the receiving seat of the panel is formed in advance.

[0019]

According to the above-mentioned panel structure, at least a part of the flat plate member projects from the edge of the lattice-shaped frame, so that the shaft constituting the building frame or the roof frame is formed. When the panel is fitted into the set, the frame set and the panel can be easily integrated, and the fixing strength between the two can be improved to increase the strength of the entire building.

According to the construction of the frame precut panel fitting construction method described above, the building frame is formed by combining the horizontal shaft member and the vertical shaft member on the foundation, and the diagonal shaft member is connected to the building frame. After the roof frame is fixed by fixing it on the top, the frame precut panel fitting that forms the living space by fitting the flat panel on the surface made of the horizontal axis member, the vertical axis member or the diagonal axis member In the construction method, the panel is composed of a lattice-shaped frame and a plate member at least a part of which protrudes from the edge of the frame, and is a horizontal shaft member, a vertical shaft member, or an oblique shaft member. Since the seat for the panel is formed in advance in a part of the above, it becomes easy to integrate each shaft-shaped member and the panel, and the fixing strength of both is improved, and the strength of the entire building can be increased. .. Further, since the living space can be quickly formed by a simple work of fitting a flat panel on the surface made of the horizontal shaft member, the vertical shaft member, or the diagonal shaft member,
The construction period can be greatly shortened. In addition, when the horizontal shaft member, the vertical shaft member, or the diagonal shaft member can be installed without covering the entire surface with the panel, when wood with beautiful wood grain is used as each shaft member, the surface can be seen from the outside. Therefore, it is easy to finish in the traditional Japanese style architectural style.

[0021]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the panel of the present invention. A horizontally arranged frame member 3 and vertically arranged frame members 4 and 5 intersect each other at an angle of substantially right angles to form a lattice-shaped frame. The connection between the frame member 3 and the frame members 4 and 5 is chasing, there is a process such as a notch, a crossover, etc., and they are fixed using a nail, an adhesive or the like.
A flat plate member 2 such as a plywood is fixed to one surface of the frame, and a part of the plate member 2 projects from the edge of the frame. By fixing the plate member 2 to the frame, the strength of the panel 1 is improved and deformation such as bending and kinking is suppressed. The flat plate member 2 may be fixed to both surfaces of the frame, and in that case, the outer edge of one plate member is not projected from the edge portion of the frame. The shape of the panel 1 is 1765 mm x 2
730 mm x 90 mm, 1765 mm x 755 mm x 9
0 mm, 1310 mm x 2730 mm x 90 mm, 85
5 mm x 2730 mm x 90 mm, 545 mm x 273
0 mm x 90 mm, 400 mm x 2730 mm x 90 m
m, 2220 mm × 755 mm × 90 mm, etc., and is standardized to several dimensions, and if necessary, a part of the plate member 2 is cut out to form windows and vent holes.

Next, the frame precut panel fitting construction method of the present invention using such a panel will be described.
2 to 4 are schematic perspective views for explaining an embodiment of a frame precut panel fitting construction method of the present invention.
First, in FIG. 2, after fixing a horizontal shaft-shaped member 8 such as a foundation on a foundation 7 made of concrete or the like, a horizontal shaft-shaped member 10 such as a barrel difference and a vertical shaft-shaped member 9 such as a pipe column or a through column,
The assembly of 11 is set up at each predetermined position. Next, while passing the horizontal shaft-shaped member 12 such as a second-order beam between the horizontal shaft-shaped members 10, the vertical shaft-shaped member 11 such as the remaining pipe columns and the horizontal shaft-shaped member 13 such as the joint beam and the jump beam are provided. assemble.

Next, referring to FIG. 3, each horizontal shaft member 8,
The panel 1 as shown in FIG. 1 is fitted to the outer wall surface, the partition wall surface and the floor surface formed by 10, 12 and the vertical shaft members 9, 11. FIG. 5 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view showing how the wall panel of the present invention is fitted on the outer wall surface. Chestnut stone 2
Abandoned concrete 22 is struck on 1 and a foundation 7 made of solid concrete with reinforcing bars is struck on them. A horizontal shaft-shaped member 8 such as a base is arranged on the foundation 7 and fixed by anchor bolts or the like. In addition,
It is preferable that the waterproof sheet 23 is laid between the foundation 7 and the horizontal shaft-shaped member 8, and that the horizontal shaft-shaped member 8 is coated or injected with an antiseptic agent or an anti-termite agent.

By the time the shaft assembly is started, a part of each horizontal shaft member 8, 10, 12 and each vertical shaft member 9, 11 is
The receiving seat A of the panel 1 is formed in advance. As described above, since each panel 1 is highly accurately standardized into a predetermined shape, the machining of each horizontal shaft-shaped member 8, 10, 12 and each vertical shaft-shaped member 9, 11 is numerically controlled in a sawmill. It is performed using a high-precision wood processing machine such as a cutting machine, and at the construction site it is sufficient to perform the frame work of each member.

The panel 1 and each member 8 fitted on each surface,
A gap of about 2.5 mm is formed between the panels 9, 10, 11, and 12, but the frames 3 and 4 of the panel 1 and the plate member 2 are formed.
And the respective members 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 are firmly fixed by driving nails so that they are connected to each other, and the shaft assembly including the shaft-shaped members 8, 10, 12, 9, 11 and the panel 1 are provided. And the frames 3 and 4 maintain the strength of the building. The plane position of the plate member 2 of the panel 1 is the horizontal axis member 8,
Since it is flush with the outer surfaces of the vertical shaft-shaped members 9 and 11, the outer surfaces of the horizontal shaft-shaped members 8 and 10 and the vertical shaft-shaped members 9 and 11 are exposed to the outside.

The same applies to the floors above the second floor.
Each horizontal shaft member 8, 10, 12 and each vertical shaft member 9,
A receiving seat A for the panel 1 is formed in a part of 11 in advance, and a living space is formed by fitting the panel 1 there and fixing it with a nail. In addition, the panel for the floor is
The ceiling can be used also as the ceiling of the downstairs room, and in that case, it is preferable that the decorative plate 6 for the ceiling is attached to the surface of the panel 1 opposite to the plate member 2 in advance.

Next, in FIG. 4, similarly for the second floor,
The horizontal axis members 14 such as eaves girders and beams and the vertical axis members 15 such as pipe columns are assembled, the panel 1 is fitted and fixed. By the way, since the floor surface of the second floor is fitted with the panel 1 before the construction of the second floor portion is started, the frame work and the panel fitting work should be performed safely and promptly like the construction of the first floor portion. You can

Regarding the roof portion, by arranging the vertical shaft-shaped members 16 such as a bundle on the horizontal shaft-shaped members 14 such as girders and beams, and then mounting the horizontal shaft-shaped members 17 and 18 such as purlins and girders. The roof frame is formed by forming a roof skeleton, and further by fixing diagonal shaft-like members 19 such as a palm on each roof surface and inserting the panel 1 as shown in FIG. Also in this case, as shown in FIG. 6, the diagonal shaft-shaped member 19 that constitutes the skeleton of the roof has the receiving seat A of the panel 1 formed in advance, and the panel 1 should be fitted therein and fixed with nails. The roof portion is formed by. Note that, like the floor surface of the second floor, the panel 1 can also be used as the ceiling of the attic, and in that case, it is preferable to attach the decorative plate 6 to the lower surface of the panel 1 in advance. Further, by filling the inside of the panel 1 with a heat insulating material such as glass wool, it is possible to prevent dew condensation and to improve heat insulating performance and sound insulating performance.

After that, as in the conventional roof construction, roofing is laid on the roof plate. For example, in the case of roof tile construction, the roof tiles are arranged in order on the roof tiles fixed to the roof plate, and the roof is fixed. Is completed. After that, the exterior finish of panel 1,
The entire building is completed through the installation of window sashes, electrical wiring work, interior work, etc.

In the above embodiments, it is more preferable to adopt the true wall frame construction method in which a part of the surface of each shaft-shaped member appears as a part of the interior of the room, and the beautiful wood grain of each shaft-shaped member is utilized. In addition, it is possible to finish the interior in a more profound Japanese style.

[0031]

As described above, according to the panel of the present invention, at least a part of the flat plate member is projected from the edge of the lattice-shaped frame, so that the building skeleton or the roof is formed. When the panel is fitted into the framework that constitutes the skeleton, positioning with the receiving seat formed in the framework becomes easy, the panel fitting work becomes easy, and the framework and the panel are firmly integrated. , The strength of the entire building can be increased.

Further, according to the shaft pre-cut panel fitting construction method of the present invention, since the positioning of the receiving seat formed on the shaft-shaped member and the panel becomes easy and the panel fitting work becomes easy, it is not necessary for a skilled worker to be a skilled worker. Also, the frame work can be performed quickly. Therefore, the construction period can be shortened and the labor cost can be reduced, and the cost of the building materials can be reduced by mass-producing the standardized wall panels and frame members in the factory. You can Further, since the framework and the panel are firmly integrated, the strength of the entire building can be increased, and furthermore, it becomes possible to construct a Japanese-style building having three or more floors. Further, since the surface of the shaft-shaped member such as a pillar or a girder is exposed to the outside, it is easy to finish the Japanese-style architectural style utilizing the wood grain by using beautiful wood grain wood for the shaft-shaped member.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a panel of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view for explaining an embodiment of a framed precut panel fitting construction method of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view for explaining an embodiment of a framed precut panel fitting construction method of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view for explaining an embodiment of a framed precut panel fitting construction method of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view showing how the panel of the present invention is fitted on the outer wall surface.

FIG. 6 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view showing a state where the panel of the present invention is fitted on the roof surface.

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a conventional frame construction method.

FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a conventional frame construction method.

FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a conventional frame construction method.

FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a conventional frame wall construction method.

FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a conventional frame wall construction method.

FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a conventional frame wall construction method.

FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a conventional frame wall construction method.

[Explanation of reference numerals] 1 panel 2 plate member 3, 4, 5 frame member 6 decorative plate 7 foundation 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18 horizontal axis member 9, 11, 15, 16 vertical axis member 19 Diagonal shaft member 20 1st floor panel 21 Chestnut stone 22 Discarded concrete 23 Tarpaulin 24 Insulation material 51 Foundation 52 Base 53 Body difference 54 Tube column 55 Through column 56 Second floor beam 57 Round column 58 Row girder 59 Joint beam 60 Corner bar 61 Rafter 62 Nose cover 63 63 Hirokomai 64 Pillars 65 Magas 66 Braces 67 Las base plates 71 Foundations 72 Bases 73 Floor plywood 74 Lower frames 75 Upper frames 76 Vertical frames 77 Magasa 78, 79 Plywood 80 Tsumami panels 81 Muroki 82 Rafter 83 Field plate A Receiving seat

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A panel in which a flat plate member is fixed to at least one surface of a frame in which the frame members are combined in a grid pattern, and at least a part of the plate member protrudes from an edge portion of the frame. A panel characterized by being installed. 2. A horizontal frame-shaped member and a vertical shaft-shaped member are combined on a foundation to form a building skeleton, and an oblique shaft-shaped member is fixed on the building skeleton to form a roof skeleton. A prefabricated panel fitting construction method for forming a living space by fitting a flat panel on a surface formed by a horizontal shaft member, the vertical shaft member or the diagonal shaft member, wherein the panel is a grid Of the frame and at least a part of the frame member is projected from the edge of the frame, and, in the horizontal shaft member, the vertical shaft member or a part of the oblique shaft member, A frame precut panel fitting construction method, characterized in that a receiving seat for the panel is formed in advance.