JPH0160602B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a long wall panel manufactured in an integrated manner in a factory for use in constructing a two-story house, and a method of constructing a two-story house using the same, which eliminates steps.

In Japan, the frame wall construction method is generally adopted as the wall construction method for wooden houses. That is, a construction method is adopted in which braces are incorporated into the wall frame at diagonal positions. In this construction method, when a force is applied to the upper part of the wall in one horizontal direction, the braces receive a compressive force, and when a force is applied in the opposite direction, the braces receive a tensile force. In order to prevent the ends of the braces from slipping out or coming off the shaft framework, it is necessary to firmly connect them to the shaft framework. To make this strong connection, it is impossible to assemble it with materials of a small number of sizes and shapes as in the two-by-four construction method, and it requires a carpenter who is skilled in processing and assembling materials. is required. Moreover, the construction period will be long and the cost will also increase.

A house construction method called the frame wall construction method, which is popular in the United States and Canada, has recently come to be used in Japan as well. This framed wall construction method is generally called the two-by-four construction method, and the process is carried out as follows.

(i) Install the foundation, first-floor floor framework, and floor panels on the cloth foundation; (ii) Build a wall framework for any section on the first-floor floor framework, erect it, and temporarily secure it; ( iii) Assemble and temporarily fasten the wall frames for each section in order to form the entire outer peripheral wall framework; (iv) Assemble the internal wall framework such as partitions, and also install the head joints at the top of the wall framework on the first floor. (v) Install the second-floor floor framework and floor panels on this first-floor wall framework; (vi) Build a wall framework for any section on the second-floor floor framework, erect it, and temporarily secure it. (vii) Sequentially assemble and temporarily fasten the wall frames for each section to form the entire outer peripheral frame; (viii) Assemble the inner wall frame without partitions, and also install the upper part of the wall frame on the second floor. (ix) Installing the roof frame on the second floor wall framework, (x) Installing roof underlayment and wall underlayment, () Performing finishing work such as fittings, interior and exterior.

In this way, the two-by-four construction method constructs a house by sequentially assembling the floor and framework of the first floor, assembling the floor and assembling the framework of the second floor, and without using through columns between the first and second floors. That's what I do. In addition, the floor and wall frameworks are created by nailing, eliminating the need for skilled carpenters and allowing construction to be completed using a small number of standardized types of lumber, resulting in shorter construction times compared to frame wall construction methods. , resulting in lower construction costs.

However, even with this construction method, numerous on-site work steps are still required.
Because there are no panels, it is vulnerable to strong horizontal forces caused by earthquakes, etc., and the first and second floors are separated by that force, causing the second floor to shift or fall due to severe shaking. There are other problems.

Therefore, this invention enables the factory production of wall frameworks covered with plywood, which can be constructed by simply applying mortar, in accordance with the two-by-four construction method, and as long panels that extend through the first and second floors of the building. It is an object of the present invention to provide a wall panel with a specific structure for making a house sturdy, and to provide a method of constructing a house that significantly reduces the construction period and cost by using this wall panel.

To achieve this purpose, the wall panels are: 1.
A long rectangular outer frame is constructed by two vertical outer frame members on the left and right corresponding to the height of the second floor, and two horizontal outer frame members on the upper and lower sides connected by the vertical outer frame members. formed, and inside the square outer frame, at least one vertical frame member, and two
A wall panel framework is formed by providing a horizontal frame material for attaching a second-floor floor panel, and a wall material such as cement mortar or spraying agent is directly applied to one side of the wall panel framework. The structure consists of multiple wall baseboards that can be placed against each other and fixed with nails, and the house is constructed using the two-by-four construction method, after assembling the floor of the first floor and constructing the inner wall framework.
The erection of the long wall panels according to this invention and the floor assembly of the second floor part are performed alternately to construct the outer peripheral wall and the second floor floor, and then the head joints of the long wall panels are performed as usual. After constructing the roof structure, roof base, and roofing, in parallel with the interior work such as interior walls and fittings, joint treatment and waterproofing are applied to the long wall panels as necessary, and the surfaces are coated with wall materials such as cement mortar, etc. We are also carrying out exterior wall finishing work such as applying finishing agents.

The present invention will be described in detail in accordance with the illustrated embodiments as follows.

Figure 1 is a typical example of a long wall panel without doors, windows, etc. For example, this rectangular outer frame is made of materials with a cross section of 38 x 89 mm as vertical outer frame material 1 and horizontal outer frame material 2. made using This vertical outer frame material 1 and horizontal outer frame material 2
Inside the outer frame consisting of, there is one vertical frame member 3 in the center,
Two horizontal frame members 4 for attaching second floor panels are provided. Further, two horizontal frame members 5 are added as a framework to this long wall panel at positions that divide the height into three equal parts.

This wall panel frame is divided into 6 equal parts in 2 vertical rows by the vertical frame member 3 in the center and the two horizontal frame members 5, 5. On one side of the frame, a 3-ply 7.5 mm thick board is installed.
This long wall panel is made of plywood of 3' x 6' size, and six wall base boards 7 whose surfaces are coated with wall base paint are stuck together and fixed by nailing.

Further, in order to connect the long wall panels to each other, bolt holes 6 are provided as shown in FIG. 2, which is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1.

3 and 4 show a frame for a wall panel that is a modification of the elongated wall panel of FIG. 1. FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 8 indicates a window section, 9 indicates a door section, and the first
Portions with the same reference numerals as those in the figures indicate the same skeletons.

In addition, what is used as the wall base board 7 in the present invention is a wooden board typified by plywood, which is coated with synthetic resin or cement, sand, etc. on one surface of the wooden board, after having been appropriately treated with waterproofing, sealer, etc. As shown in FIG. 2, the material mixed with inorganic powder or particles is coated to form an uneven surface. Since such a wall base plate 7 can be produced in a factory, it not only achieves cost reduction and uniform quality, but also has excellent adhesion with the mortar coating material applied on the surface unevenness layer in the subsequent process. This can prevent cracking and sagging of the coating material. Moreover, since a plurality of such wall base plates are butted and fixed on the framework of the first and second floor through-panels, there is no need to pay special attention to the construction of these butts, which is more effective in preventing cracks.

Since the general dimensions of a wall base plate are 3' x 6', unlike this long wall panel and the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, six horizontal wall base plates are butted vertically. You can also nail it, or you can place a 3' x 6' board vertically and
It is also possible to butt the sheets vertically and nail them together. Note that the window portion 8 and door portion 9 in FIGS. 3 and 4 are cut out from the wall base plate 7 and nailed.

Furthermore, it is preferable to insert and fix a heat insulating mat of glass wool between the frameworks on the back side of the wall base of the long wall panel, since this reduces the amount of on-site construction work.

Construction of a house using the long wall panels as described above is carried out as shown in FIGS. 5a to 5d. That is, (i) the first floor floor framework and floor panels are laid on the foundation that has been constructed on the cloth foundation in advance.

(ii) Assemble the inner wall panel 11 such as a partition for the first floor on the floor panel 10...see Figure 5a. (iii) Assemble the long wall panel 12 that runs through the first and second floors on the floor panel 10. Fasten...See b. above (iv) Build a similar panel 12 adjacent to the temporarily fastened long wall panel 12, and connect the bolt holes 6 provided in the vertical outer frame material 1 of the previous panel 12 with the rear wall panel 12. panel 1
(v) Lay the second floor floor frame and floor panels 13 in parallel with the continuous installation of the long wall panels 12. ,...same as above c
Reference (vi) After the continuous installation of the long wall panels 12 is completed, perform the head joint. (vii) After installing the second floor floor panels 13, assemble the inner wall panels above the second floor floor panels in the same way as the assembly of the first floor inner wall panels. , (viii) Assemble pre-assembled roof trusses and ceiling panels...See d above (ix) Install roof underlayment and roofing materials, as well as perform interior finishing work such as fittings and partition walls. (x) After applying surface treatment such as joint treatment and waterproofing to the joints of wall base plates around the outer periphery of long wall panels as necessary, finish the exterior wall by applying cement mortar, wall spray finishing materials, etc. and complete the construction.

As described above, when constructing a house using the long wall panels according to the present invention, the exterior wall panels are connected to the first and second floors, so the entire two-story house has a single box-shaped structure. This not only makes the structure extremely strong, but also prevents the building structure from becoming distorted or distorted. Since there is no second-story frame that expands and contracts or materials in the horizontal fiber direction of the panels interposed between the shaft structure and the second-story shaft structure, it is possible to completely prevent the occurrence of cracks.

In addition, since the long wall panels are produced in a factory and are not assembled into frames on site, the labor of processing the members can be saved, the loss of parts can be reduced, and costs can be reduced.
In addition, long wall panels are compatible with the two-by-four construction method, and each member can be joined using nails, kyagnails, etc. when constructing a house, which simplifies the work and does not require a skilled carpenter. , together with shortening the construction period, it is possible to reduce costs.

Furthermore, since the wall base plate fixed to the outside of the long wall panel has an uneven layer formed on its outside surface, the exterior wall can be finished immediately after the house is constructed, further shortening the construction period. At the same time, it has excellent adhesion with finishing coating materials and does not cause cracking or sagging. In addition, large walls can be finished, allowing for diversification of house designs.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing the structure of a typical long wall panel according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional side view taken along line A-A in FIG. A front view showing the framework of the long wall panel in the example of
FIGS. 5A to 5D are schematic diagrams showing the steps of a house construction method using long wall panels according to the present invention. Code explanation 1: Vertical outer frame material of long wall panel, 2:
Horizontal outer frame material, 3: Vertical frame material, 4: Horizontal frame material for attaching the second floor floor panel, 5: Horizontal frame material, 6: Bolt holes, 7: Wall base surface layer on structural board such as plywood Holding wall base plate, 8: Window opening, 9: Door opening, 10:
1st floor floor panel, 11: interior wall framework, 12: long wall panel, 13: 2nd floor floor panel.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. 2 left and right sides corresponding to the height of the first and second floors of a house.
Inside a long rectangular outer frame formed by a vertical outer frame material of a book and two upper and lower horizontal outer frame members connected between the two vertical outer frame members, at least one The frame of the long wall panel is constructed by providing a vertical frame material and two horizontal frame members used for attaching the second-floor floor panel, and on one side of the frame, a synthetic resin is applied to the surface of the wooden substrate. A long wall for a two-story house, characterized in that it is constructed by fixing together a plurality of panel materials, each of which is coated with an inorganic material and coated with an uneven surface to form a base surface layer. panel. 2. 2 as set forth in claim 1, wherein the panel material is fixed to one side of the framework via a heat-insulating and sound-absorbing glass wool mat.
Long wall panels for multi-story houses. 3. (a) Install the first floor floor and internal wall framework, and (b) construct two sections on the left and right sides corresponding to the height of the first and second floors of the house.
Inside a long rectangular outer frame formed by a vertical outer frame material of a book and two upper and lower horizontal outer frame members connected between the two vertical outer frame members, at least one The frame of the long wall panel is constructed by providing a vertical frame material and two horizontal frame members used for attaching the second-floor floor panel, and on one side of the frame, a synthetic resin is applied to the surface of the wooden substrate. Or, a pre-prepared long wall panel, which is constructed by fixing together a plurality of panel materials, each of which has an underlying surface layer formed by coating it with an inorganic material mixed into it to create an uneven surface. (c) At the same time, the floor panels of the second floor are assembled so that the base surface layer becomes the outside surface and are connected to the floor panels of the first floor. (c) The head joints of the connected long wall panels are (d) construct the interior wall framework for the second floor; (e) construct the roof frame, roof underlayment, and roofing materials; (f) perform interior finishing; (g) install the outer base surface layer of the long wall panels. A house construction method using long wall panels characterized by the process of finishing the exterior walls.